PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY – ADVANCES IN DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES Edited by Ghazala Hayat Peripheral Neuropathy – Advances in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches Edited by Ghazala Hayat Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Silvia Vlase Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published February, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Peripheral Neuropathy – Advances in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches, Edited by Ghazala Hayat p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0066-9 Contents Preface IX Part 1 Insights into Etiology of Peripheral Neuropathies 1 Chapter 1 Etiological Role of Dynamin in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease 3 Kohji Takei and Kenji Tanabe Chapter 2 Predictors of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy 21 Yuko Kanbayashi and Toyoshi Hosokawa Chapter 3 Targeting Molecular Chaperones in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy 39 Chengyuan Li and Rick T. Dobrowsky Part 2 Methods of Investigation of Peripheral Neuropathies 63 Chapter 4 Role of Skeletal Muscle MRI in Peripheral Nerve Disorders 65 Nozomu Matsuda, Shunsuke Kobayashi and Yoshikazu Ugawa Chapter 5 Blink Reflex Alterations in Various Polyneuropathies 85 Figen Guney Part 3 Clinical Manifestations of Peripheral Neuropathies 95 Chapter 6 Polyneuropathy and Balance 97 Kathrine Jáuregui-Renaud Chapter 7 Clinical Cases in Pediatric Peripheral Neuropathy 117 Leigh Maria Ramos-Platt Chapter 8 Neuropathies Associated with Cosmetic Surgeries 139 Alexander Cárdenas-Mejía, Xitlali Baron, Colin Coulter, Javier Lopez-Mendoza and Claudia Gutiérrez VI Contents Part 4 Advances in Therapy of Peripheral Neuropathies 153 Chapter 9 Multimodal Analgesia for Neuropathic Pain 155 Jorge Guajardo Rosas, Faride Chejne Gomez and Ricardo Plancarte Sanchez Chapter 10 Cell Therapy for Diabetic Neuropathy 163 Julie J. Kim and Young-Sup Yoon Chapter 11 Cell Therapy for Ischemic Peripheral Neuropathy 179 Yousuke Katsuda, Ken Arima, Hisashi Kai and Tsutomu Imaizumi Chapter 12 Gene and Cell Therapy for Peripheral Neuropathy 189 Deirdre M. O’Connor, Thais Federici and Nicholas M. Boulis Preface Over the last two decades we have seen extensive progress within the practice of neurology. We have refined our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis for both peripheral and central nervous system diseases, and developed new therapeutic approaches towards these diseases. Peripheral neuropathy is a common disorder seen by many specialists and can pose a diagnostic dilemma. Many etiologies, including drugs that are used to treat other diseases, can cause peripheral neuropathy. However, the most common cause is Diabetes Mellitus, a disease all physicians encounter. Disability due to peripheral neuropathy can be severe, as the patients suffer from symptoms daily. This book addresses the advances in the diagnosis and therapies of peripheral neuropathy over the last decade. The basics of different peripheral neuropathies is briefly discussed, however, the book focuses on topics that address new approaches to peripheral neuropathies. The book is divided into four sections: I) Etiology, II) Methods of Investigation, III) Clinical Manifestations and IV) Advances in Therapies of Peripheral Neuropathy. The topics located in the first section address the role of Dynamin in Charcot Marie Tooth, molecular chaperones in diabetic neuropathy and predictors for chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy. Section II covers different approaches to investigate peripheral neuropathies. Electrophysiological studies, an integral diagnostic tool, are discussed throughout the book, but a complete chapter was not dedicated to the classical methods of investigation in order to address relatively new methods. MRI scans are increasingly used to diagnose peripheral nerve pathology. A chapter in this section covers the important aspects of this technology and possible indications. Section III consists of clinical manifestations of peripheral neuropathies in children. A chapter is dedicated to the disabling length dependent neuropathies due to compromised balance. Section IV comprises of advances in therapeutic approaches. Gene and cell therapy is the future of many disorders, especially in peripheral nervous system disorders. Cell therapy in diabetic neuropathy and ischemic neuropathies has been discussed in detail. Current therapies for neuropathic pain are also included. X Preface This book will be valuable for specialists in the area and serve as a resource to general neurologists and primary care physicians. I dedicate this book to our patients who are our inspiration to find the cause and cure for diverse peripheral neuropathies. I would like to take this opportunity to thank all of the authors for their dedication and effort throughout the editing process. I hope this book will add to our ever expanding knowledge of this common but complex disorder. Prof. Ghazala Hayat Department of Neurology & Psychiatry, Clinical Neurophysiology, Neuromuscular Diseases, Saint Louis University, USA . PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY – ADVANCES IN DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES Edited by Ghazala Hayat Peripheral Neuropathy – Advances in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. incorporate actin dynamics in dynamin-dependent endocytosis. For example, interaction between dynamin 2 and cortactin, SH3-domain containing actin binding protein that binds also F-actin and actin-regulating. Actin binding proteins, such as cortactin and Abp1, also contain SH3 domain and bind to dynamin PRD (McNiven et al., 2000; Kessels et al., 2001). Peripheral Neuropathy – Advances in Diagnostic