SEMICONDUCTOR LASER DIODE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS Edited by Dnyaneshwar Shaligram Patil Semiconductor Laser Diode Technology and Applications Edited by Dnyaneshwar Shaligram Patil Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Dejan Grgur Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published April, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechopen.com Semiconductor Laser Diode Technology and Applications, Edited by Dnyaneshwar Shaligram Patil p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0549-7 Contents Preface IX Section 1 Optimization of Semiconductor Laser Diode Parameters 1 Chapter 1 Effect of Cavity Length and Operating Parameters on the Optical Performance of Al 0.08 In 0.08 Ga 0.84 N/ Al 0.1 In 0.01 Ga 0.89 N MQW Laser Diodes 3 Alaa J. Ghazai, H. Abu Hassan and Z. Hassan Chapter 2 Electrical Transport in Ternary Alloys: AlGaN and InGaN and Their Role in Optoelectronic 13 N. Bachir, A. Hamdoune and N. E. Chabane Sari Chapter 3 Carrier Transport Phenomena in Metal Contacts to AlInGaN-Based Laser Diodes 29 Joon Seop Kwak Chapter 4 Characterization Parameters of (InGaN/InGaN) and (InGaN/GaN) Quantum Well Laser Diode 53 Sabah M. Thahab Chapter 5 Analysis of Coherence-Collapse Regime of Semiconductor Lasers Under External Optical Feedback by Perturbation Method 71 Qin Zou and Shéhérazade Azouigui Section 2 Laser Diode Technology 87 Chapter 6 DFB Laser Diode Dynamics with Optoelectronic Feedback 89 M. H. Shahine Chapter 7 Ultra-Wideband Multiwavelength Light Source Utilizing Rare Earth Doped Femtosecond Fiber Oscillator 119 Nurul Shahrizan Shahabuddin, Marinah Othman and Sulaiman Wadi Harun VI Contents Chapter 8 Low Frequency Noise Characteristics of Multimode and Singlemode Laser Diodes 133 Sandra Pralgauskaitė, Vilius Palenskis and Jonas Matukas Chapter 9 Investigation of High-Speed Transient Processes and Parameter Extraction of InGaAsP Laser Diodes 161 Juozas Vyšniauskas, Tomas Vasiliauskas, Emilis Šermukšnis, Vilius Palenskis and Jonas Matukas Chapter 10 Spectral Narrowing and Brightness Increase in High Power Laser Diode Arrays 181 Niklaus Ursus Wetter Chapter 11 Tunable Dual-Wavelength Laser Scheme by Optical-Injection Fabry-Perot Laser Diode 197 Chien-Hung Yeh Chapter 12 The Coherent Coupled Output of a Laser Diode Array Using a Volume Bragg Grating 209 Bo Liu, Qiang Li, Xinying Huang and Weirong Guo Section 3 Applications of Laser Diode 217 Chapter 13 Laser Diode Pump Technology for Space Applications 219 Elisavet Troupaki, Mark A. Stephen, Aleksey A. Vasilyev and Anthony W. Yu Chapter 14 Monitoring of Welding Using Laser Diodes 241 Badr M. Abdullah Chapter 15 The Development of Laser Diode Arrays for Printing Applications 263 O. P. Kowalski Chapter 16 High-Power Pulsed 2-μm Tm 3+ -Doped Fiber Laser 287 Yulong Tang and Jianqiu Xu Chapter 17 Advances in High-Power Laser Diode Packaging 321 Teo Jin Wah Ronnie Chapter 18 Laser Diode Gas Spectroscopy 341 Pablo Pineda Vadillo Chapter 19 CW THz Wave Generation System with Diode Laser Pumping 359 Srinivasa Ragam Preface The impact that semiconductor lasers have had on our society cannot be denied. Due to their small size, low power dissipation and reliability, they are of growing importance in this modern world. This book aims to provide an insight into the many aspects of semiconductor laser diode in the form of featured chapters. This collection of chapters will be of considerable interest to engineers, scientists, physicists and technologists working in research and development in the semiconductor laser diode field. The purpose of the book is to provide a basis for understanding the characteristics, operation, and applications of semiconductor lasers. The goal of is to bridge a gap between researchers and specialists at the leading edge of the research field, including scientists and technologists. This book presents a detailed and comprehensive treatment of semiconductor laser diode technology, which can serve a number of purposes for a number of different groups. Besides this, it provides the scientists and technologists with a detailed description of laser diode physics and its applications. The authors have extensive research experience in the field of semiconductor laser diode and their experience is reflected in the form of chapters they have contributed. The book entitled “Semiconductor Laser diode Technology and Applications” has been organized in three main sections. The first section deals with the optimization of semiconductor laser diode parameters. Various characteristics like quantum efficiency, output power and their dependence on cavity length and composition have been discussed. There are total 5 articles included in this section. The electron transport in nitride-based semiconductors has been discussed considering use of wide band gap semiconductors for the visible light emission. The second section is based on laser diode technology and comprises 7 chapters. It incorporates articles explaining high speed transient processes, distributed feedback laser diode, low frequency noise characteristics in single mode and multimode fibers, and advancement in laser diode arrays. There are some interesting articles like multi- wavelength light source. Fascinating applications of laser diode have been explored in the third section of this book, which contains 7 articles. Some interesting applications like use of laser diode for space, welding, printing, gas spectroscopy, terahertz wave generation, doped fiber lasers and high power laser diode packaging have been discussed. X Preface Editing this book has been a rewarding experience for me. I have been associated with semiconductor laser diode from last 17 years and have attempted to review relevant and necessary background material for each successive article in each section of this book. One unique feature of this book is that it includes articles from optimization of semiconductor laser diode parameters to advanced applications. Finally, I would like to thank all contributing authors for their dedicated efforts in preparing the chapters presented in this book. Their work in this emerging area is essential to the vibrancy and fast pace of progress in this modern world. I hope that this book can serve as a useful reference for engineers, scientists, technologists and physicists engaged as researchers and postdoctoral fellows. Dr. Dnyaneshwar Shaligram Patil Department of Electronics North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon India . SEMICONDUCTOR LASER DIODE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS Edited by Dnyaneshwar Shaligram Patil Semiconductor Laser Diode Technology and Applications Edited. Huang and Weirong Guo Section 3 Applications of Laser Diode 217 Chapter 13 Laser Diode Pump Technology for Space Applications 219 Elisavet Troupaki, Mark A. Stephen, Aleksey A. Vasilyev and. book entitled Semiconductor Laser diode Technology and Applications has been organized in three main sections. The first section deals with the optimization of semiconductor laser diode parameters.