The monarch usually inherits the position based on hereditary succession, meaning it is passed down within a family lineage.In a monarchy, the monarch serves as the head of state and exe
Trang 1BRITISH CULTURE THUONG MAI UNIVERSITY ENGLISH FACULTY
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-DISCUSSION MONARCHY
TOPIC:
THE MONARCHY IN BRITISH
Teacher: Đặng Thị Khánh Hà M.A Class code: 231ENTI041102
Implementation group: Group 4
HA NOI 2023
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Trang 2STT NAME TASK COMMENT POINTS
22 Ngô Thị Phương Thảo I + III
21 Nguyễn Thị Diễm Quỳnh 2.1
23 Nguyễn Thị Thu Thuỷ 2.2
20 Đỗ Quỳnh Nương 2.3
24 Nguyễn Thị Huyền
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2.5
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Trang 4The British monarchy is one of the oldest continuously existing institutions in the world, with roots that can be traced back over a thousand years It is a constitutional monarchy, meaning that the monarch's powers are limited by laws and regulations, and the country is governed by elected officials
The current monarch is King Charles III, who ascended the throne on 8 September
2022, upon the death of his mother, Queen Elizabeth II The role of the monarch is largely ceremonial and symbolic, with limited powers The King serves as the head
of state and performs various ceremonial duties, such as opening and closing sessions of Parliament, granting honors and awards, and representing the country on state visits
The monarchy plays a significant role in British culture and identity The King/Queen is seen as a unifying figure and a symbol of continuity and stability While the British monarchy's powers have been significantly reduced over time, it still retains some constitutional responsibilities Additionally, the monarch has a role in appointing the Prime Minister following a general election and can grant pardons or reduce sentences for convicted individuals
Trang 5Monarchy is a form of government in which a single individual, usually called a monarch or king/queen, holds supreme authority and power over a country or territory The monarch usually inherits the position based on hereditary succession, meaning it is passed down within a family lineage
In a monarchy, the monarch serves as the head of state and exercises varying degrees of power, depending on the specific system in place Monarchs may have absolute power, where their decisions and actions are not subject to any limitations
or checks, or they may have limited powers, with their authority being constrained
by a constitution, laws, or other governing bodies
Monarchies can take different forms, including constitutional monarchies, where the monarch's powers are limited by a constitution and the actual governance is carried out by elected representatives, and absolute monarchies, where the monarch holds unchecked power and authority
The British monarchy is unquestionably one of the most renowned and popular royal families in the world The British monarchy is a group of people who are the family of the King or Queen of the United Kingdom
2.1 THE APPEARANCE OF MONARCHY
2.1.1 The appearance
The role of the king in Britain serves as an example of how the constitution is incoherent The Queen appears to have almost total power based solely on written
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Trang 6legislation, which is extremely undemocratic 'Government for the people by the people' is a concept found in the American constitution There is nothing like in Britain In actuality, there is absolutely no such thing as "the people" in law
In the past, Queen Elizabeth II delivered a speech during the official opening of Parliament every autumn She outlines what my government' plans to do in the upcoming year in it And it is not the people's government; it is hers According to the legislation, she is entitled to appoint anybody she wants to lead her administration There are no limitations on who the Queen can appoint as her prime minister, let run the government on her behalf, or fire when she's had enough They are all formally "servants of the Crown," not "the country" or "the people."
At present, the current monarch is King Charles III, who ascended the throne and all the power on 8 September 2022, upon the death of his mother, Queen Elizabeth II
The British monarchy is a constitutional monarchy, where the monarch serves as the head of state, but the actual government is run by elected officials
Vietnam follows a one-party communist system and does not have monarchy, where the Communist Party of Vietnam holds the political power
The British monarch's role is largely ceremonial, representing continuity, unity, and national identity The monarch has limited political powers and works in tandem with the elected government
In Vietnam, the political power is concentrated in the hands of the Communist Party, specifically the Party General Secretary and the Politburo The president, who is responsible for representing the country domestically and internationally, making key appointments, and ensuring the
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Trang 8implementation of the constitution, holds the highest office, but the power is primarily exercised by the Party
, where the throne passes from one monarch to their immediate heir, typically the eldest child
leadership is determined through the Party's internal mechanisms
2.1.2 The Monarchs of Britain
The Monarchs of Britain has seen a progression of monarchs from the past to the present
Queen Victoria (1837-1901): Queen Victoria's reign marked the height of
the British Empire She was a figurehead of the Victorian era and witnessed significant social and industrial transformations in Britain
Edward VII (1901-1910): Edward VII succeeded Queen Victoria and
brought a more relaxed and modern style to the monarchy He focused on strengthening diplomatic ties and improving relationships with other European powers
George V (1910-1936): George V experienced the tumultuous period of
World War I He played a crucial role in maintaining national morale during the war and oversaw the transition to a constitutional monarchy
Edward VIII (1936): Edward VIII's reign was short-lived, as he abdicated
the throne to marry Wallis Simpson, an American divorcee This led to his younger brother ascending the throne
George VI (1936-1952): George VI became king following his brother's
abdication His reign encompassed World War II, during which he provided stability and support to the British people
Queen Elizabeth II (1952-2022): Queen Elizabeth II is the longest-reigning
monarch in British history Her reign has been marked by societal changes,
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Trang 9technological advancements, and shifts in the global political landscape She has witnessed the dissolution of the British Empire and has been a symbol of continuity and stability
Charles III (2022-present): He is a new king of Britain His Majesty has
worked closely with many organisations, publicly supporting a wide variety
of causes relating to the environment, rural communities, the built environment, the arts, healthcare and education
2.1.3 The royal family
Picture 1: British Royal Family Tree
The royal family consists of Queen Elizabeth and her husband Prince Philip who was died 2021 However, upon the death of Queen Elizabeth II, and Prince Charles has ascended the throne as King Charles III King Charles III had two sons with Princess Diana, but they divorced in 1996, then he got married with Camila The
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Trang 10King’s got two sons are Prince William and Harry respectively Prince William will be the next heir to the throne, followed by his three children Regarding Harry,
he had got two children his wife Megan But they officially stepped down as senior working members of the British royal family on March 31, 2021 They moved their family to Canada temporarily before settling in California They were previously living at Frogmore Cottage on the Windsor estate in Berkshire Other members of the royal family include Princess Anne, Prince Andrew, and Prince Edward
2.2 THE REALITY OF MONARCHY
2.2.1 The reality
The reality of the Queen's power in the UK can be understood within the context of the country's constitutional monarchy While the queen holds a significant symbolic and ceremonial role, her actual political power is limited
In practice, of course, the reality is very different In fact the Queen cannot choose anyone she likes to be Prime Minister She has to choose someone who has the support of the majority of MPs in the House of Commons (the elected chamber of the two Houses of Parliament) This is because the law says that 'her' government can only collect taxes with the agreement of the Commons, so if she did not choose such a person, the government would stop functioning In practice the person she chooses is the leader of the strongest party, in the House of Commons Similarly, it
is really the Prime Minister who decides who the other government ministers are going to be (although officially the Prime Minister simply 'advises' the monarch who to choose)
It is the same story with Parliament Again, the Prime Minister will talk about 'requesting' a dissolution of Parliament when he or she wants to hold an election, but it would normally be impossible for the monarch to refuse this 'request' Similarly, while, in theory, the Queen could refuse the royal assent to a bill passed
Trang 11by Parliament - and so stop it becoming law - no monarch has actually done so since the year 1708 Indeed, the royal assent is so automatic that the Queen doesn't even bother to give it in person Somebody else signs the documents for her
In reality the Queen has almost no power at all The queen's role is primarily ceremonial, and she acts as a figurehead who represents the nation and performs various ceremonial duties This includes the State Opening of Parliament, where she delivers a speech outlining the government's agenda
She makes no secret of this fact She very obviously reads out the script mat has been prepared for her, word for word If she strongly disagrees with one of the policies of the government, she might ask the government ministers to change the wording in the speech a little beforehand, but that is all She cannot actually stop the government going ahead with any of its policies
Overall, the reality of the queen's power in the UK is that it is significantly curtailed
by the constitutional framework and democratic system in place, with elected officials holding the majority of political decision-making authority
2.2.2 The differences between the United Kingdom and Vietnam
UK: The Prime Minister is the head of government and leads the ruling political party in the House of Commons, which is the lower house of Parliament The queen's role is primarily ceremonial, and she acts as a figurehead who represents the nation and performs various ceremonial duties.The House of Lords is the upper house of Parliament and is made up
of appointed members, including life peers and hereditary peers
Vietnam: The government is headed by the President, who is also the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, and the Prime Minister, who is responsible for running the government The National Assembly is the highest representative body of the state and the only legislative body, with members elected for a five-year term There is no King and Queen in the country
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Trang 121 Who does the monarch normally choose as Prime Minister?
→ The leader of the strongest party
2 What is the role of the Queen in the UK?
In reality the Queen has almost no power at all The queen's role is primarily ceremonial, and she acts as a figurehead who represents the nation and performs various ceremonial duties For example, She attends special events and gives national messages such as her annual Christmas broadcast
2.3 THE ROLES OF MONARCHY
Firstly, the monarch is the personal embodiment of the government of the country This means that people can be as critical as they like about the real government, and can argue that it should be thrown out, without being accused of being unpatriotic Because of the clear separation between the symbol of government and the actual government, changing the government does not threaten the stability of the country
Secondly, it is argued that the monarch could act as a final check on a government that was becoming dictatorial If the government ever managed to pass
a bill through Parliament which was obviously terribly bad and very unpopular, the monarch could refuse the royal assent and the bill would not become law If a Prime Minister who had been defeated at a general election were to ask immediately for another dissolution of Parliament, the monarch could refuse the request and dismiss the Prime Minister
Thirdly, the monarch has to play a very practical role as being a figurehead and representing the country The British Monarch plays a vital role as a figurehead and representative of the country Their practical duties include attending state ceremonies, opening and addressing Parliament, hosting foreign dignitaries, and promoting British businesses and charitable organizations As a symbol of national
Trang 13unity, the monarch also provides stability and continuity during times of political transition By being a figurehead and representing the country, Queen Elizabeth II can perform the ceremonial duties which heads of state often have to spend their time on
The British monarchy (now the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) and the Republic of Vietnam both have important roles in the history of these two countries
In England, the monarchy plays the role of regulating the activities of government agencies and keeping all government actions consistent with the British Constitution The British monarchy is revered as a symbol of stability, loyalty and traditional British values
Meanwhile, the Republic of Vietnam as a whole is the leading state organization and plays an important role in the activities of the National Assembly, the Government and the Provincial People's Committee The Republic of Vietnam was created to ensure the rights of the people and to keep the government honest and transparent
Overall, both the British monarchy and the Republic of Vietnam have important roles to play in ensuring the stability and effective operation of government agencies
2.4 THE VALUE OF MONARCHY
Although the monarchy has many advantages, in practice they are merely an assumption Furthermore, no one dares to claim that a new monarch will be able to govern in the finest manner once he or she assumes the throne Without this democracy, many other democracies, such those in the United States, Canada, Korea, Japan, etc., continue to maintain their countries' order quite successfully
The British monarchy will mostly affect the economy and social psychology
As the most powerful individuals in the nation, the royal family is the face of the nation, inspiring great pride in its citizens, who are always interested in their lives and deeds Furthermore, it has nothing to do with the functioning of the
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