(LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ) A comparative study of lexical cohesive devices through some English and Vietnamese fables

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENT ………………………………… BUI THUY ANH A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LEXICAL COHESIVE DEVICES THROUGH SOME ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE FABLES (NGHIÊN CỨU SO SÁNH CÁC PHƯƠNG TIỆN LIÊN KẾT TỪ VỰNG THÔNG QUA MỘT SỐ TRUYỆN NGỤ NGÔN ANH VÀ VIỆT) MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field : English liguistics Code: 602215 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Hanoi, April, 2009 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENT ………………………………… BUI THUY ANH A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LEXICAL COHESIVE DEVICES THROUGH SOME ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE FABLES (NGHIÊN CỨU SO SÁNH CÁC PHƯƠNG TIỆN LIÊN KẾT TỪ VỰNG THÔNG QUA MỘT SỐ TRUYỆN NGỤ NGÔN ANH VÀ VIỆT) MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field : English liguistics Code: 602215 Supervisor : TRẦN XUÂN ĐIỆP (Ph.D) TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com II TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT PART I : INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………… .1 Rational………………………………………………………………………….1 Aims of the study……………………………………………………………… Scope of the study……………………………………………………………….2 Methods of the study…………………………………………………………….2 Design of the study…………………………………………………………… PART II: DEVELOPMENT Chapter : Literature Review and Theoreretical background 1.1 Literature Review……………………………………………………………4 1.2 Theoretical background 1.2.1 Discourse and discourse analysis……………………………………….6 1.2.1.1 The concept of discourse……………………… ………………………6 1.2.1.2 Discourse and text…………………………….……………………… 1.2.1.3 Discourse analysis…………… ……………………………………….7 1.2.2 Theories of genres………………………………………………………………8 1.2.2.1 Definition of genre……………………………………………………………8 1.2.2.2 Genre versus register……………………………………………………… 10 1.2.2.3 Common discourse genre……………………………………………………13 1.2.3 Fables as a genre of discourse…………………………………………………15 1.2.3.1 Definitions of Fables……………………………………………………… 15 1.2.3.2 General characteristics of fables…………………………………………….16 1.2.4 Cohesion and coherence………………………………………………………16 1.2.4.1 Cohesion versus coherence………………………………………………….16 1.2.4.2 Cohesion and discourse structure……………………………………………16 1.2.4.3 Types of cohesion………………………………………………………… 17 1.2.4.3.1 Grammatical cohesion…………………………………………………….18 1.2.4.3.2 Lexical cohesion………………………………………………………… 19 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables III Chapter 2: A comparative study of Lexical cohesive devices through some English and Vietnamese fables 2.1 Lexical reiteration…………………………………………………….…… … 22 2.1.1 Repetition………………………………………………………………….…22 2.1.2 Synonymy……………………………………………………………………27 2.1.3 Antonymy………………………………………………………….…………29 2.1.4 Superordinate and general word…………………………………….……… 29 2.2 Collocation…………………………………………………………….……… 30 2.3 Concluding remarks on lexical cohesion……………………………………….32 PART III: CONCLUSION Recapitulation of major ideas…………………………………………….……36 Implications……………………………………………………………………36 Suggestions for further studies……………………………………… ……….37 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………… ………38 APPENDIX TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables Part I: INTRODUCTION Rationale It is clear that acquiring a language is not only limited to knowing about its grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary Producing a grammatically correct sentence is not sufficient to use a language to communicate successfully with other people It is very important for language learners to know how to use our linguistic competence in a larger unit of communication, i.e language in use, or in other words, a discourse, in order to convey our ideas to learners as well as to obtain others Several linguists such as Brown and Yule (1983), Halliday and Hasan (1976), Hatim and Mason (1990), Cook (1989), Swales (1990), etc… have been interested in the concepts of discourse and discourse analysis In their view of points, discourse can be shown through different genres, which are shown in terms of a set of features which we perceive as being appropriate to a given social occasion (Hatim and Mason, 1990) Each genre of discourse possesses its own discourse features A fable is ― a traditional short story that teaches a moral lesson, especially one with animals as characters‖ ( Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary) Although fables are short and simple, they own their typical features distinguished from other genres of discourse such as an article or a speech But in fact, English fables are not still paid attention to despite the fact that they represent great potentials for teaching language to learners With all the reasons above, the author would like to choose ― Analysis of lexical cohesive devices in English and Vietnamese Fables as the topic of this study I hope that the results of this study are of practical value Aims of the study The main aims of the thesis are as follows:  To identify lexical cohesive devices used in English and Vietnamese Fables TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables  To compare lexical cohesive devices through some English and Vietnamese Fables Scope of the study: This study will firstly deal with theoretical background of discourse especially coherence, cohesion and cohesive devices The attention of the study will be secondly paid to considering study of lexical cohesive devices through some English fables and their equivalents in Vietnamese Fables Our efforts are to collect data in both English and Vietnamese to see the frequencies and differences and similarities of each device and sub-device of lexical cohesive devices in the discourse in both languages Methods of the study To attain the aims of the study, the research will conduct the following activities:  Firstly, data including relevant theories and fables for analysis will be collected Relevant theories will be extracted from various linguistic books written by several linguists, such as Cook (1989), Hatim and Mason (1990), Swales (1990), Simpson (1997), Toolan (1998), ect English fables and Vietnamese fables which are unavailable in printed books in Viet Nam, will be collected from Internet Sources  Secondly, relevant theories will be presented on the ground of several linguists, viewpoints  Then, 30 selected fables (15 English fables and 15 Vietnamese Fables) will be comprehensively investigated for lexical cohesive devices so as to find out the most typical cohesive devices used in English and Vietnamese Fables  After all, based on the results of the analysis, some concluding remarks can be generalized and some implications for teaching and learning English fables can be proposed Three successive methods chosen for the best results are descriptive, analytical and comparative TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables 34 Repetition Antonym Collocation Superordinate and general word Synonym Figure 2: Analysis of lexical cohesive devices in Vietnamese Fables The figure demonstrates that repetition is the most frequently-used devices with the percentage of up to 58.75% This proved that repetition is the most necessary means of all the lexical cohesion The repeated items are usually some denoting main characters and key concepts, and these nouns appear constantly throughout the stories Collocation ranking the second take up 19.58% Ranking the third in the group is synonyms with 11.57% Antonyms account for 8.0% the five lexical cohesive devices It is quite a low frequency Superordinates and general words account for the smallest portion of only 2.1% TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables 35 Similarly, the figure illustrates the frequency of occurrence of lexical cohesive devices in Vietnamese fables It is not surprising that repetition also accounts for large portion in comparison with other lexical cohesive devices with 62.17% the other types account for relatively small percentage ( collocation – 23.68% ; synonyms – 7.57%; antonyms – 4.6% ; superordinate and general word – 1.97%) With low frequency of occurrence collocation, synonyms, antonyms, superordinate and general word also make a valuable contribution to the coherence and cohesion of Vietnamese fables TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables 36 Part III: CONCLUSION Recapitulation of major ideas As the title suggested, the thesis has discussed coherence, cohesion and study of lexical cohesive devices through some English and Vietnamese Fables Thanks to a comprehensive analysis of the chosen fables, we have come up to the following conclusions about the discourse features of English fables:  Fables are for people from all ages but mainly familiar with small-aged children, whose language acquisition and background knowledge are still limited So, the two essential characteristics of a fable is briefness and simplicity in structure and wording  In terms of contrastive analysis on devices as repetition, synonyms and antonyms, there has a tendency of maintained structures or the usages of these devices in English and Vietnamese Fables Repetition contributes the biggest proportion ( nearly three fourth of all lexical cohesive devices) in English and Vietnamese fables repetition is considered to be the easiest way to understand, the readers can know what the item refers to without looking back the preceding parts Moreover, the reader is not required to have necessary knowledge for interpretation Repetition is an effective means which enables small-aged readers to connect things and events together for a complete comprehension of the story  Last but not least, other sub-types of lexical cohesive devices such as collocation, synonym, general word and superordinate also play an important part in fables Implications: As we mentioned above, English fables are quite simple and easy to understand Moreover, the stories with animals as characters are of great attraction to readers Children are very interested in the behaviors as human-beings of these animals, so the children become more involved in the development of the story Therefore, it is suggested that English fables should be introduced to Vietnamese learners of English of elementary level in order to improve knowledge of English and on the other hand to acquire the moral or living experience Fables with real characters, real happening and TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables 37 real consequences prove to be effective to create an exciting atmosphere for the class, which helps to improve the learners‘ motivation It is useful to use fables to teach the learners language skills such as reading comprehension, listening and speaking Suggestions for further studies: This paper is attempted to bring out a detailed analysis of lexical cohesive devices in English fables Further studies conducted could focus on the followings:  Other discourse features of English Fables such as metaphor, grammatical cohesive devices, logical cohesive devices, ect will be carried out  Comparison between the narrator‘s discourse and characters, discourse in English Fables in terms of linguistic perspectives  Comparison between English and Vietnamese fables in terms of generic structure Due to the constraint in time, the framework of a minor M.A thesis as well as the limited knowledge of the author, mistakes are inevitable Constructive comments from those who are concerned, therefore, would be highly appreciated TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables 38 REFERENCES In English: Brown, G & Yule, G (1983) Discourse analysis Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Cook, G (1989) Discourse Oxford: Oxford University Press Cook, G (1994) Discourse and Literature Oxford: Oxford University Press Halliday, M.A.K (1994) An Introduction to Functional Grammar London: Arnold Halliday,M.K & Hasan, R.(1976) Cohesion in English London: Longman Grop Limited Hatim, B & Mason, I (1990) Discourse and the Translator Longman Group Limited Hoa, Nguyen (2000a) An Introduction to Discourse Analysis Hanoi: VNU Publishing House Hoa, Nguyen (2003) Understanding English Semantics Hanoi: VNU Publishing House http://www Fables.org.uk http://www.fables,co.uk//butterfly.concise Lien, Tran Thi Ngoc (2003) A research into Genre Analysis at Linguistic Level: the Case of English Fairy tales and Application to Translation Unpublished M.A.Thesis Hanoi Mc Cathy, M (1991) Discourse Analysis for Language Teachers CUP> Munday, J.(2001) Introducing Translation Studies London and Newyork: Routledge Nunan, D (1993) Introducing Discourse Analysis England: Penguin Group (2000) Oxford Advanced Learner‟s Dictionary Oxford University Press Raphael, S (1995) Text and Discourse Analysis Newyork: Routledge Simpson, R (1997) Language through Literature London: Routledge Swales, J.M.(1990) Genre Analysis Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Toolan, M (1998) Language in Literature: An Introduction to Stylistics M Arnold TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables 39 In Vietnamese: Hßa, Nguyễn.(2003) Phân tích diễn ngôn- Một số vấn đề lí luận ph-ơng pháp Nguyên Triều.(2004) Góc nhìn cấu trúc truyện Ngụ ngôn Dân Gian Việt Nam Nhà xuất Khoa học XÃ Hội Phát, Lê Tr-ờng.(2000) Thi pháp Văn học Dân Gian Nhà Xuất Giáo Dục Thêm, Trần Ngọc.(2000) Hệ thống liên kết văn Tiếng Việt Nhà xuất Giáo Dục Vân, Hoàng Văn.(2000) Ngữ pháp kinh nghiệm cú Tiếng Việt Nhà xuất Đại häc Quèc Gia Hµ Néi TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables 40 APPENDIX LIST OF FABLES FOR ANALYSIS OF LEXICAL COHESION DEVICES English Fables The Ant and the Dove The two Goats The Eagle, the Cat & the Wild Snow The Vain Crow The Hare and the Tortoise The Happy Family The Mouse and the Lion The Fox & the Crow The Mouse & the Frog 10 The Wolf and the Lamb 11 The Dog & the Wolf 12 The Dog & the Shadow 13 The Bull & the Goat 14 The Crow & the Raven 15 The Hen & the Golden Egg Vietnamese Fables: Có, Qu¹ phận Con Cò Thỏ lừa Lợn Rõng Ng-êi chđ xe víi hai ngùa Thỏ lừa Cá Sấu Khỉ hái Bà thức nh- chong Thỏ Dê kết bạn ếch từ đáy giếng 10 Khỉ Rùa hái TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.comparative.study.of.lexical.cohesive.devices.through.some.English.and.Vietnamese.fables