Explore the perception of walkable city a case study of young generation in ho chi minh city

NGUYEN TAT THANH UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NGUYEN TAT THANH GRADUATION THESIS TOPIC: EXPLORE THE PERCEPTION OF WALKABLE CITY: A CASE STUDY OF YOUNG GENERATION IN HO CHI MINH CITY Supervisor: Student’s name: MBA VO VUONG BACH DANG DINH MINH ID: Class: HCM City - 2023 2000000055 20DQT1C NGUYEN TAT THANH UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NGUYEN TAT THANH GRADUATION THESIS TOPIC: EXPLORE THE PERCEPTION OF WALKABLE CITY: A CASE STUDY OF YOUNG GENERATION IN HO CHI MINH CITY Supervisor: Student’s name: MBA VO VUONG BACH DANG DINH MINH ID: Class: HCM City - 2023 2000000055 20DQT1C COURSE INSTRUCTOR’S EVALUATION Total score: , September 2023 SUPERVISOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I wish to pay my deepest gratitude and respect to my supervisor, Mr Vo Vuong Bach, for guiding and supporting me throughout the process of making this thesis I also would like to thank my friends, family, and all the interviewees for participating in my research Without them, this thesis would not have been possible Ho Chi Minh City, September 2023 Dang Dinh Minh ii TABLE OF CONTENTS COURSE INSTRUCTOR’S EVALUATION I ACKNOWLEDGEMENT II TABLE OF CONTENTS Ill LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS VI LIST OF FIGURES VII LIST OF TABLES VIII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.2 What has already been done on this issue 1.3 Objectives 1.4 Thesis structure .2 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Walkability definition 2.2 Walkable cities - what are they? 2.3 Characteristics of a walkable city 2.4 Student’s awareness 2.5 Why walkable cities are important 2.5.1 Why people today don’t walk more 2.5.2 Urban sprawl and Car dependence culture 2.5.3 Negative effects of bad urban planning and design 10 2.6 Benefits of walkable cities 21 2.6.1 Health benefits 21 iii 2.6.2 Economic benefits 23 2.6.3 Livability benefits 28 2.6.4 Social benefits 29 2.6.5 Environmental benefits 32 2.6.6 A walkable city is a sustainable city 33 2.6.7 Drivers of change 35 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 37 3.1 Methods 37 3.2 Data collection 37 3.3 Data analysis 37 3.4 Questionnaire design 38 3.5 Sampling interview 38 3.6 Recruitment 38 3.7 Conducting interview 39 3.8 Things I did to make the interviews more effective 40 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 42 4.1 Result 42 4.1.1 Perception of walkable city 42 4.1.2 Perception of walkable city benefits 44 4.1.3 Perception offlaws and setbacks 46 4.1.4 Attitude and support toward walkable city 46 4.2 Discussion CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 49 5.1 Practically implementations 49 iv 5.2 Lesson from Singapore and Seoul 50 REFERENCES 51 APPENDIX APPENDIX V LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AAA American Automobile Association CDC The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CTA Chicago Transit Authority DESA United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs FDI Foreign Direct hlvestment GDP Gross Domestic Product GNP Gross National Product HCMƯT Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology MTA Metropolitan Transportation Authority ƯHI The Urban Heat Island NACTO National Association of City Transportation Offcials NTTU Nguyen tat university RMIT Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology TOD Transit-Oriented Development WHO The World Health Organization vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1 Downtown Houston, Texas, 1970s 13 Figure 2-2 Truman Sports Complex, Kansas City, Missouri 14 Figure 2-3 Source: The cost of parking 14 Figure 2-4 Source: Global Street Design, NACTO 15 Figure 2-5 Global CO2 emissions from transport, 2018 .16 Figure 2-6 Urban sprawl and mono functional area, Jeff Peck 17 Figure 2-7 The loneliness epidemic is a search term 18 Figure 2-8 The relationship between speed and stopping distance 20 Figure 2- Drives’ visual focus diminishes as speed increases 20 Figure 2-10 Hourly capacity of a m-wide lane by different modes at peak conditions Source: Global Street Design 26 Figure 2-11 Source: U.S Department of Transportation 27 Figure - 12 Japanese traditional Starbucks’ exterior and interior 32 Figure 2-13 Global population size and annual growth rate World Population Prospects - 2022 35 vii LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1 Walkable city characteristics Table 2-2 Sustainable Cities International’s Indicators for Sustainability list .34 Table 3-1 Participants and Interview’s information 39 viii