Topic ways to protect endangered species

THUONGMAI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH -□□ □□ - PRESENTATION English TOPIC: WAYS TO PROTECT ENDANGERED  SPECIES  Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc M.A Class: 231_ENTH1611-27 Group: Hanoi, 2023 GROUP DISCUSSION ENGLISH Topic: Ways to protect endangered species Group: Class: 231_ENTH1611-27 Teacher: Nguyễn Thị Bích Ngọc Preparation assessment: List of students (in the order of presenting)  No Name Duties Nguyễn Trâm Anh 2.1 & 2.2 Nguyễn Ánh Dương 17 Phùng Thị Minh Hòa Word &  ppt 25 Phạm Thị Ngọc I 33 Trần Thu Thủy 2.3 & C A ( Leader) 41 Nguyễn Đào Phương Uyên II.1 Comments (For leader) Mark  Contents A Introduction B Body 12 I Why endangered species should be protected 12 Protecting endangered species - an important foundation of biodiversity 12 Protecting endangered species - contributes to promoting medical development 13 II Methods to protect endangered species: 14 For the government 14 For the people: 17 C Conclusion 23 Documents 24 A Introduction Definition of endangered species Basically, “endangered” means that a species is in danger of  extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range A species is categorized as endangered when only a few like 2,500 adult individuals are left The list and ranking are prepared by the International Union for Conservation of Nature based on very specific criteria, the criteria for “endangered status” are: ● A very significant reduction in population size of a large  percentage over recent years ● A continuing decline ● A severely shrinking geographic range The reality endangered plant and animal species in the world According to the United Nations (UN), up to one million species are threatened with extinction The International Union for  Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has over 40,000 species classified as threatened in its 2022 Red List and estimates over 26,000 species are threatened with extinction The world’s most endangered animals are: ● Asian rhinos were wiped out from the wildlife around ● The rare primates of the mountain gorilla make it one of  2010 the endangered species ● 50% of Asian Elephants got wiped in the last 75 years ● Snow leopards are fallen behind and decreased its number  from the Asian regions ● There are also some other species such as: Vaquita, Orangutans, Giant panda, Whooping crane, blue whale, Sea otter, Tasmanian devil Causes of endangered plant and animal species in the world Causes of species endangerment are many, but conservation  biologists recognize that multiple forces drawn along with human activity reinforce one another to cause a species to diminish Overhunting or overharvesting  History abounds with stories of animals going extinct because of  hunting and the consequent deaths of their predators if not by direct hunting as well, then by starvation because they no longer have a food source It is the cause of some high-profile near extinctions today, like elephants for their ivory tusks and rhinos for their horn The horn is sold at exorbitant prices as a cure for everything from hangovers to cancer  Loss of Habitat  A loss of habitat can happen naturally Dinosaurs, for instance, lost their habitat about 65 million years ago The hot, dry climate of  the Cretaceous period changed very quickly, most likely because of an asteroid striking the Earth The dinosaurs were unable to adapt to this new, cooler habitat Dinosaurs became endangered, then extinct Human activity can also contribute to a loss of habitat Development for housing, industry, and agriculture reduces the habitat of native organisms This can happen in several different ways Development can eliminate habitat and native species directly  Pollution Environmental pollution is a real and major problem that directly affects environmental diversity, and this is evident through garbage and plastic bags that intertwine with wild plants because of random dumping Moreover, there is oil leakage in the water which causes the death of plants and marine organisms As well as the discharge of  toxins into waterways, all of this exacerbates the problem of  environmental pollution and threatens the life of living organisms  Disease Diseases kill humans and animals alike The Ebola virus killed 5,000 critically endangered western gorillas between 2002 and 2003 at the Lossi Sanctuary and other hundreds of gorillas in the OdzalaKokoua National Park in 2003-2004 A deadly fungus decimated 30 species of amphibians in Panama in the early 2000s A deadly fungus from Europe, where it is harmless to bats has spread to North America killing million bats and taking many species to the brink of  extinction  High genetic vulnerability For example, if a population does not have a gene that is resistant to a certain disease, that disease may wipe out the entire population in one fell stroke Koalas are known to have low genetic variation This may be why they are showing high vulnerability to Chlamydia and the koala retrofit virus Human activity can also lead to a loss of genetic variation Once the numbers of animals begin to dwindle, there are few numbers of them B Body I Why endangered species should be protected Protecting endangered species - an important foundation of  biodiversity  One of the main reasons for protecting endangered species is their role in maintaining biodiversity, our planet's most important and complex feature It comprises the variety of life at all its levels and interactions from gene to ecosystem Biodiversity encompasses the cultural, ecological, and evolutionary processes that endure life It includes not only endangered species but all living organisms in existence, from microbes to mammals and all types of ecosystems, from rainforests, deserts, mountains, and coral reefs All are part of a diverse ecosystem Endangered species are often indicator species, meaning their decline can indicate the deterioration of an ecosystem For example, the critical condition of the monarch butterfly, a  pollinator species living in the United States and Mexico, can indicate a decline in the health of the entire prairie ecosystem Biodiversity loss can have far-reaching consequences for both the environment and human populations Bees and other pollinators play an important role in fertilizing plants, which is essential to produce fruits and vegetables humans rely on for sustenance products If there were no plants with this chalk, the agricultural system would collapse, leading to devastating impacts on global food production As such, endangered species also provide valuable resources for human populations Many species are used for food, medicine, and other resources For example, the rosy periwinkle, an endangered plant species, is a source of two anti-cancer compounds The loss of these species can result in the loss of potential cures for diseases and other valuable resources According to the UN Environment Programme, over half of global GDP depends on nature More than one billion people rely on forests for their  livelihoods In addition, endangered species are often cultural or  spiritual symbols for many communities For example, the bald eagle symbolises freedom and strength for the United States, and the tiger is  power and strength for many Asian cultures The loss of these species can result in the loss of important cultural and spiritual values Protecting endangered species - contributes to promoting medical development.  One of the many protecting endangered species benefits has been its contributions to promoting medical developments Each living thing contains a unique reservoir of genetic material that has evolved over  eons This material cannot be retrieved or duplicated if lost So far, scientists have investigated only a small fraction of the world’s species and have just begun to unravel their chemical secrets to find possible human health benefits to mankind No matter how small or obscure a species, it could one day be of direct importance to us all It was “only” a fungus that gave us penicillin, and certain plants have yielded substances used in drugs to treat heart disease, cancer, and a variety of  other illnesses More than a quarter of all prescriptions written annually in the United States contain chemicals discovered in plants and animals If  these organisms had been destroyed before their unique chemistries 10 were known, their secrets would have died with them A few hundred wild species have stocked our pharmacies with antibiotics, anti-cancer  agents, painkillers, and blood thinners The biochemistry of  unexamined species is an unfathomed reservoir of new and potentially more effective substances The reason is found in the principles of  evolutionary biology Caught in an endless “arms race” with other  forms of life, these species have devised myriad ways to combat microbes and cancer-causing runaway cells Plants and animals can make strange molecules that may never occur to a chemist For  example, the anti-cancer compound taxol, originally extracted from the  bark of the Pacific yew tree, is “too fiendishly complex” a chemical structure for researchers to have invented on their own, said a scientist with the U.S National Cancer Institute Taxol has become the standard treatment for advanced cases of  ovarian cancer, which strikes thousands of women every year However, until the discovery of taxol’s effectiveness, the Pacific yew was considered a weed tree of no value and was routinely destroyed during logging operations Some of the most promising natural wonder  11 drugs come from compounds not usually associated with healing:  poisons One pharmaceutical company is marketing a blood thinner based on the venom of the deadly saw-scaled viper A protein from another  Asian pit viper is being studied because it appears to inhibit the spread of melanoma cells, and a compound from the venom of some tarantula species may lead to new treatments for neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease Protecting endangered species is not a luxury but a necessity for  the well-being of our planet and the survival of species, including ourselves Through preserving biodiversity, advancing science, and cultivating ethical considerations, we can work together towards a more harmonious coexistence with the natural world II Methods to protect endangered species: For the government 1.1 Promulgating laws to protect endangered species Protection of wildlife involves activities which aim at helping animals live and develop according to the law of nature and protecting them from such dangers as illegal trafficking, hunting, and capture 12 Wildlife protection also has a very important significance, i.e., creating an environment for the growth and development of wildlife to help them escape from extinction It can be said that Vietnam’s legal system for the protection of  wildlife and endangered, precious, and rare animals is rather  comprehensive, complete, and strict and can be divided into different groups of regulations such as regulations on wildlife management; regulations on handling of wildlife-related violations; and regulations on the handling of confiscated material evidence being wild animals:  Regarding regulations on the handling of wildlife-related violations, the crime of violating regulations on forest management and protection had been provided in the 1985 Penal Code, the first Penal Code of Vietnam  In the 1999 Penal Code, the offense of violating regulations on the protection of animals on the list of endangered, precious, and rare species prioritized for protection is stipulated in a separate article (Article 190)  In 2015 when designing a new code to replace the 1999 Code, legislators devoted two articles to regulate crimes related to 13 wildlife and endangered, precious, and rare animals (Articles 234 and 244 of the 2015 Code, revised in 2017)  According to the provisions of Article 244 of the 2015 Penal Code, which was amended and supplemented in 2017, subjects who illegally hunt, kill, raise, confine, transport, and trade animals on the list of endangered, precious, and rare species Priority protection will be fined from 500,000,000 VND to 2,000,000,000 VND or imprisonment from to years   In addition to provisions on the handling of violations as mentioned above, the law on the protection of wildlife and endangered,  precious, and rare animals also includes provisions on the handling of  material evidence being wild animals or endangered, precious, and rare animals However, these provisions have revealed many limitations and shortcomings, especially those relating to the competence to sanction violations with material evidence being wild animals At  present, the Forest Ranger force’s competence to sanction wildliferelated violations is provided in different legal documents 1.2 Restoring and protecting the living environment of endangered  species 14 The government should invest in the rehabilitation of the natural environment, as in the purview of substantial development it is very crucial that nature and its resources are intact and unblemished For the generations to come, rather than considering it as an extravagant expenditure, it is an investment that the generation today should make economically so that the future cohort is stable and imbibed with an inclination towards setting a concord with the earth and its constituents To restore and protect the living environment of endangered species, the government should:  Set up some organizations to advocate the importance of saving the species of animals and plants Also, many reserves should  be built to protect the endangered species   Defending and strengthening the Endangered Species Act, which provides an essential legal safety net to prevent the loss of plant and animal species to extinction   Holding federal agencies and others accountable for complying with laws protecting rare and endangered species using cooperation, persuasion, and—where necessary—litigation 15   Advocating for increased funding   for federal and state conservation programs that benefit endangered species   Protecting, restoring, and connecting the habitats  on which endangered species and other wildlife depend for their survival, and encouraging wildlife-friendly land management practices   Reducing threats to wildlife that can lead to their endangerment and extinction, such as loss of habitat, contamination of water  and spread of invasive species For the people: 2.1  Enhancing conservation education ESI (Endangered Species International) fosters ground actions to get people to bond with and love the earth before asking them to save it We must invest in education for sustainable development and ensure that it is embedded in learning systems globally Whether it manifests itself in the heartbreaking of mega-fire, the lack of fish, the degradation of natural land, or the disturbing silence that settles in the countryside and forests, the collapse of biodiversity and our killing of  life on earth must prompt us to change course without further delay We must mobilize ourselves alongside the youth There is still time,  but not for much longer 16 ● Opportunities to develop compassion are important for children and for the world Learning about creatures ravaged by  poaching and illegal hunting and displaced by habitat loss is a fantastic way to foster compassion in our youth Accountability for our actions is a big lesson learned in studying endangered species ● Children are the future custodians of our planet Teaching them the value of all creatures is an important step in raising environmentally aware citizens thus ensuring a healthy planet with strong biodiversity for future generations ● The study of endangered species is a great way to engage  people, especially students, by integrating subject areas Language arts, science, geography, social studies, and math all have relevance in the study of endangered species Language arts is represented by readings and research studies on endangered animals Food webs and biodiversity are relevant areas of biology, important in the study of these creatures Geography studies the ecozone and country of origin of  endangered animals Social studies topics might look at how humans have caused extinctions in the past and activities and  behaviors that have led to animals being on the endangered species list today Some other components of environmental education that cannot forget to be mentioned are Raising people’s attitudes of concern for the environment and motivation to improve or maintain environmental quality; Improving skills to identify and help resolve environmental 17 challenges; Encouraging people to participate in activities that lead to the resolution of environmental challenges A major goal of education is to ensure that everyone lives a healthy and happy life Enhancing conservation education is a task that anyone can do, whether you are a teacher, parent, or employer By  providing environmental education, we can ensure the preservation of   precious natural resources, save endangered species, promote sustainable development, and prevent the horrors of pollution 2.2  Stopping the use and exploitation of products derived from endangered species 18 You walk into an antique store and see an intricately carved ivory tusk that the owner describes as “antique.” On a cruise to some islands, you see shelves full of coral jewelry and tortoiseshell accessories When scrolling through social media you spot a rare bird or tiger cub video, which offers information on how to purchase your own Every day, we are faced with conscious choices about the  purchases we make—and those purchases can have a profound impact on wildlife While many wildlife and plant products are sold legally around the world, there is also a tremendous demand for illegal  products made from endangered species This demand feeds wildlife crime and devastates populations of elephants, marine turtles, rhinos, and tigers, among other species With online platforms now providing global species at your fingertips, it has never been more important to remain vigilant and ask more questions about the purchases you are making Some products may be made from protected animals or plants and may be illegal to export or import Other wildlife products may require permits before you can bring them home By making informed choices, you can avoid having your souvenir confiscated or paying a 19 fine You also help diminish the illegal market for species at risk “You can help save nature by asking basic questions and getting the facts before you buy something The best piece of advice I have for  you is if you're in doubt, don't buy it.”  Avoid buying products derived from wildlife 2.3 Participating in campaigns and activities of organizations to  protect endangered species Media is a very important means of protecting endangered species, so participating in campaigns or organizations that conserve endangered species will contribute to promoting propaganda spread to more people, helping people understand more about protecting endangered species and thereby encouraging people to take more action In fact, in the world in general and Vietnam in particular today, the government has launched many campaigns to increase propaganda work to protect endangered species In 2020, an advertising campaign aimed at changing consumer behavior towards unsustainable consumption of wildlife products, was launched in Hanoi The 20 campaign, which includes five television commercials and five commercials, is part of a project to raise awareness of the issue of  unsustainable wildlife consumption in Vietnam, run by WWF Greater  Mekong and TRAFFIC, the global network for monitoring the trade in wildlife Let's it together In addition to their propaganda role, conservation organizations also develop practical action campaigns to protect endangered species such as: preventing the farming and bile collection of rare animals and  protecting dogs cats from the meat trade and to prevent animal abuse at zoos and circuses… Currently, there are many non-governmental organizations that protect endangered species that people can join, such as: WildAct, AnimalsAsia, WWF Vietnam, WildAid Thus, participating in campaigns and organizations to protect endangered species is also an action that directly contributes to the  protection of endangered species instead of just changing awareness 21 C Conclusion   Importance of protecting endangered species In conclusion, protecting endangered species is crucial for  maintaining the balance of our planet's ecosystems, preserving  biodiversity, and ensuring the sustainability of human populations The threats to endangered species are numerous and often driven by human activities, such as habitat destruction, over-exploitation, and pollution However, there are many ways that we can work towards protecting these species, such as supporting conservation efforts, reducing our  carbon footprint, and advocating for stronger policies and regulations to address wildlife trade and habitat destruction By taking action to  protect endangered species, we can ensure that our planet remains a diverse and thriving home for all species, including humans 22 Documents https://greentumble.com/10-reasons-why-species-become-endangered https://unacademy.com/content/nda/study-material/geography/ endangered-animal-species/ https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/endangered-species/ https://sciencealcove.com/2015/06/why-teach-about-endangeredspecies/ https://www.worldwildlife.org/pages/buyer-beware https://www.zsl.org/what-we-do/conservation/protecting-species/7things-you-can-do-help-prevent-illegal-wildlife-trade 23