Industrial Safety and Health for Goods and Materials Services - Chapter 26 (end) pptx

Appendix A Common Exposures or Accident Types The common exposures or accident types help standardize the review of hazards. There are 11 basic types of accidents: . Struck-against . Struck-by . Contact-with . Contacted-by . Caught-in . Caught-on . Caught-between . Fall-to-same-level . Fall-to-below . Overexertion . Exposure Hazards should be looked with these common accident types in mind to identify procedures, processes, occupations, and tasks, which present a hazard that could cause one of the accident types in the following section. A.1 ACCIDENT TYPES A.1.1 S TRUCK-AGAINST TYPES OF ACCIDENTS Look at these first four basic accident types—struck-against, struck-by, contact-with, and contacted-by—in more detail, with the job step walk-round inspection in mind. Can the worker strike against anything while doing the job step? Think of the worker moving and contacting something forcefully and unexpectedly—an object capable of causing injury. Can he=she forcefully contact anything that will cause injury? This forceful contact may be with machinery, timber or bolts, protruding objects or sharp, jagged edges. Identify not only what the worker can strike against, but also how the contact can come about. This does not mean that every object around the worker must be listed. A.1.2 STRUCK-BY TYPES OF ACCIDENTS Can the worker be struck by anything while doing the job step? The phrase ‘‘struck by’’ means that something moves and strikes the worker abruptly with force. Study ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. the work environment for what is moving in the vicinity of the worker, what is about to move, or what will move as a result of what the worker does. Is unexpected movement possible from normally stationary objects? Examples are ladders, tools, containers, supplies, and so on. A.1.3 CONTACT-BY AND CONTACT-WITH TYPES OF ACCIDENTS The subtle difference between contact with and contact-by injuries is that in the first, the agent moves to the victim, while in the second, the victim moves to the agent. Can the worker be contacted by anything while doing the job step? The contacted by accident is one in which the worker could be contacted by some object or agent. This object or agent is capable of injuring by nonforceful contact. Examples of items capable of causing injury are chemicals, hot solutions, fire, electrical flashes, and steam. Can the worker come in contact with some agent that will injure without forceful contact? Any type of work that involves materials or equipment, which may be harmful without forceful contact, is a source of contact with accidents. There are two kinds of work situations, which account for most of the contact with accidents. One situation is working on or near electrically charged equipment, and the other is working with chemicals or handling chemical containers. A.1.4 CAUGHT-IN AND CAUGHT-ON TYPES OF ACCIDENTS The next three accident types involve ‘‘caught’’ accidents. Can the person be caught in, caught on, or caught between objects? A caught in-accident is one in which the person, or some part of his=her body, is caught-in an enclosure or opening of some kind. Can the worker be caught on anything while doing the job step? Most caught- on accidents involve worker’s clothing being caught on some projection of a moving object. This moving object pulls the worker into an injury contact. Or, the worker may be caught on a stationary protruding object, causing a fall. A.1.5 CAUGHT-BETWEEN TYPES OF ACCIDENTS Can the worker be caught between any objects while doing the job step? Caught- between accidents involve having a part of the body caught between something moving and something stationary, or between two moving objects. Always look for pinch points. A.1.6 FALL-TO-SAME-LEVEL AND FALL-TO-BELOW TYPES OF ACCIDENTS Slip, trip, and fall accident types are one of the most common accidents occurring in the workplace. Can the worker fall while doing a job step? Falls are such frequent accidents that we need to look thoro ughly for slip, trip, and fall hazards. Consider whether the worker can fall from something above ground level, or whether the worker can fall to the same level. Two hazards account for most fall-to-same-level ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. accidents: slipping hazards and tripping hazards. The fall-to-below accidents occur in situations where employees work above ground or above floor level, and the results are usually more severe. A.1.7 OVEREXERTION AND EXPOSURE TYPES OF ACCIDENTS The next two accident types are overexertion and exposure. Can the worker be injured by overexertion; that is, can he=she be injured while lifting, pulling, or pushing? Can awkward body positioning while doing a job step cause a sprain or strain? Can the repetitive nature of a task cause injury to the body? An example of this is excessive flexing of the wrist, which can cause carpal tunnel syndrome (which is abnormal pressure on the tendons and nerves in the wrist). Finally, can exposure to the work environment cause injury to the wor ker? Environmental conditions such as noise, extreme temperatures, poor air, toxic gases and chemicals, or harmful fumes from work operations should also be listed as hazards. ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Appendix B Sample and Blank Material Safety Data Sheets ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. [...]... Assessment ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Appendix D Assault Incident Report Form ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ß 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC . standardize the review of hazards. There are 11 basic types of accidents: . Struck-against . Struck-by . Contact-with . Contacted-by . Caught-in . Caught-on . Caught-between . Fall-to-same-level . Fall-to-below . Overexertion . Exposure Hazards. something moving and something stationary, or between two moving objects. Always look for pinch points. A.1.6 FALL-TO-SAME-LEVEL AND FALL-TO-BELOW TYPES OF ACCIDENTS Slip, trip, and fall accident. TYPES A.1.1 S TRUCK-AGAINST TYPES OF ACCIDENTS Look at these first four basic accident types—struck-against, struck-by, contact-with, and contacted-by—in more detail, with the job step walk-round inspection