PROPOSAL BINHDINH–2020 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAININGQUYNHON UNIVERSITY KHANXAYMUENSOPHA PRAGMATIC ASPECTS OFTHECONVERSATIONSINNEWINTERCHANGE3 MASTERTHESISINENGLISHLINGUISTICS Supervisor Assoc Pro[.]
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAININGQUYNHON UNIVERSITY KHANXAYMUENSOPHA PRAGMATIC ASPECTS OFTHECONVERSATIONSINNEWINTERCHANGE3 MASTERTHESISINENGLISHLINGUISTICS Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Dr.NGUYỄNQUANGNGOẠN BINHDINH–2020 MINISTRYOFEDUCATIONANDTRAINING QUYNHONUNIVERSITY KHANXAYMUENSOPHA PRAGMATIC ASPECTS OFTHECONVERSATIONSINNEWINTERCHA NGE3 FIELD: ENGLISH LINGUISTICSCODE:8.22.02.01 Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Dr.NGUYỄNQUANGNGOẠN BINHDINH– 2020 BỘGIÁODỤCVÀĐÀOTẠO TRƯỜNGĐẠIHỌCQUYNHƠN KHANXAYMUENSOPHA CÁC KHÍA CẠNH NGỮ DỤNG TRONG HỘI THOẠICỦAGIÁOTRÌNHNEWINTERCHANGE3 CHUN NGÀNH: NGƠN NGỮ ANHMÃSỐ:8.22.02.01 Ngườihướngdẫn:PGS.TS.NGUYỄNQUANGNGOẠN BÌNHĐỊNH– 2020 STATEMENTOFAUTHORSHIP I declare that this thesis is my own and original No other person’s workhas been used without acknowledgement in the thesis, which has notbeen submittedforanydegreeat anyinstitution Binh Dinh, 2018Signature KhanxayMuensopha ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Assoc.Prof Dr Nguyen Quang Ngoan for his support and guidance in mycompletion of the thesis I am also thankful to all the lecturers at QuyNhonUniversityfortheirprofoundknowledgeandendlesssupportdurin g mystudyat QuyNhonUniversity I would also like to thank my educational leaders in Laos who gave methe chance to study for my Master’s Degree at Quy Nhon University aswell as my classmates who were always willing to help me and give metheirbestsuggestionsandencouragementduringmyprocessofconductin g the study Finally, I owe the completion of this research paper to my wife andchildren, who have always been cheering me up and standing by me onmyroadtosuccess ABSTRACT This study is to identify and analyze types and frequencies of occurrence ofpresuppositions, types of hedges, and types of politeness constraints in theconversationsinNewInterchange3.Thequantitativeapproachandqualitative approacharecombinedand thestatistic, analytic,synthetic,descriptive, and comparative methods are used to examine 530 linguisticitems collected from 32 conversations in the text book and analyzed on thebasis of the theories by Yule (1996), Vartalla (2001), Grice (1975), andLeech(2005).Theresultsshowthatintermsofpresuppositions,sixty pesof presuppositions includingexistential, factive, lexical, structural, non- factive,andcounterfactualpresuppositionsareused,withexistentialpresuppositions being the most frequently used As regards hedges, six outof seven types of hedges are realized, including: modal auxiliary, verb,adjective, adverb, phrase, and clause hedges, with adverb hedges being themost popular When it comes to politeness constraints, all the ten politenessconstraints suggested by Leech (2005) are found at different frequencies, reticenceconstraintprovestobeemployedthemost ofwhichtheopinion- TABLEOFCONTENTS STATEMENTOF AUTHORSHIP… .i AKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………… ii ABSTRACT………………………………………………………… iii TABLEOFCONTENTS …………………………………………… iv ABBREVIATIONSANDCONVENTIONS……………………… viii LISTOF TABLES ix LISTOF FIGURES x CHAPTER1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale .1 1.2 AimandObjectives 1.2.1 Aim 1.2.2 Objectives 1.3 Research Questions 1.4 Scopeofthe Study 1.5 Significanceofthe Study 1.6.StructureoftheThesis CHAPTER2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Pragmatics andPragmaticCompetence .6 2.1.1 Pragmatics 2.1.2 PragmaticCompetence 68 2.2 Presupposition 2.2.1 DefinitionsofPresupposition 2.2.2 TypesofPresuppositions 2.3 Hedges .11 2.3.1 DefinitionsofHedge .11 2.2.2.Types of Hedges .13 2.4 PolitenessTheories 18 2.4.1 DefinitionsofPoliteness 18 2.4.2 PolitenessTheories 18 2.5 AnOverviewofthePreviousStudies 23 2.5.1 PreviousStudiesonPresuppositions .23 2.5.2 PreviousStudiesonHedges .25 2.5.3 PreviousStudiesonLinguisticPoliteness 27 2.5.4 PreviousStudiesonthedataoftheNewInterchangeSeries 29 2.6 Summary 31 CHAPTER3: RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY 32 3.1 ResearchMethods .32 3.2 DataSourceandSamples 33 3.3 DataAnalysis 34 3.4 ValidityandReliability 37 3.5 Summary 37 CHAPTER4:FINDINGSANDDISCUSSION 38 4.1 PresuppositionsintheconversationsinNewInterchange3 .39 4.1.1 Existential Presuppositions 40 4.1.2 Factive Presuppositions .41 4.1.3 LexicalPresuppositions 42 4.1.4 StructuralPresuppositions 43 4.1.5 Non-factivePresuppositions 45 4.1.6 Counter-factual Presuppositions 46 4.1.7 ConcludingRemarks .47 4.2 Hedges intheconversationsin NewInterchange3 48 4.2.1 ModalAuxiliary Hedges .49 4.2.2 VerbHedges 50 4.2.3 AdjectiveHedges 52 4.2.4 AdverbHedges 52 4.2.5 Nounhedges 54 4.2.6 Phrase Hedges .54 4.2.7 Clause Hedges 55 4.2.8 ConcludingRemarks .57 4.3 PolitenessConstraintsintheConversationsinNewInterchange3 58 4.3.1 GenerosityConstraint 59 4.3.2 Tact Constraint 60 4.3.3 ApprobationConstraint 61 4.3.4 ModestyConstraint .62 4.3.5 ObligationofS toOConstraint .63 4.3.6 ObligationofOtoSConstraint 64