the mit press the mit encyclopedia of communication disorders oct 2003

[...]... are the principal method of changing the rate of vibration of the vocal folds The cricoarytenoid joint joins the arytenoid cartilages to the superolateral rim of the cricoid Rocking motions of the arytenoids on the upper rim of the cricoid cartilage allow Anatomy of the Human Larynx Figure 2 The laryngeal cavity, as viewed posteriorly (From Kahane, J C [1988] Anatomy and physiology of the organs of the. .. bordered by the soft tissues of the vocal folds, and an intracartilaginous portion, the posterior two-fifths of the rima glottidis, which is located between the vocal processes and the bases of the arytenoid cartilages The anterior two-thirds of the glottis is an area of dynamic change occasioned by the positioning and aerodynamic displacement of the vocal folds The overall dimensions of the intracartilaginous... vertebrae The root, or pharyngeal portion, of the tongue is interconnected with the epiglottis of the larynx by three fibroelastic bands, the glossoepiglottic folds The lowermost portion of the pharynx, the hypopharynx, surrounds the posterior aspect of the larynx Muscle fibers of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor attach to the posterolateral aspect of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages The esophagus... Research Assessment of functional impact on the voice is barely beyond the infancy stage Interest in the issues relating to functional use of the voice stems from the development of instruments to measure all aspects of vocal function related to the patient, the disease, and the treatment Assessment of Functional Impact of Voice Disorders 21 Moreover, there are certain parameters of voice disorders that... associated with the larynx, is not part of it The cartilaginous components of the larynx are joined by ligaments and membranes The thyroid and cricoid cartilages are composed of hyaline cartilage, which provides them with form and rigidity They are interconnected by the cricothyroid joints and surround the laryngeal cavity These cartilages support the soft tissues of the laryngeal cavity, thereby protecting... the vertical position of the larynx in the neck, particularly with changes in fundamental frequency Shipp demonstrated that the sternothyroid lowers the larynx with decreasing pitch, while the thyrohyoid raises it The intrinsic muscles of the larynx (Fig 4) are a collection of small muscles whose points of attachment are all in the larynx (to the laryngeal cartilages) The anatomical properties of the. .. muscles are summarized in Table 2 The muscles can be categorized according to their e¤ects on the shape of the rima glottidis, the positioning of the folds relative to midline, and the vibratory behavior of the vocal folds Hirano and Kakita (1985) nicely summarized these behaviors (Table 3) Among the most important functional or 17 biomechanical outcomes of the actions of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles... from the laryngeal inlet (laryngeal aditus), through which it communicates with the hypopharynx, to the level of the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage Here the laryngeal cavity is continuous with the lumen of the trachea The walls of the laryngeal cavity are formed by fibroelastic tissues lined with epithelium These fibroelastic tissues (quadrangular membrane and conus elasticus) restore the dimensions... will often utilize both methods for insu¿ation Regardless of which method of air insu¿ation is used, this air can then be forced back up across the PE segment, and as a result, the tissue of this sphincter will oscillate This esophageal sound source can then be manipulated in the upper regions of the vocal tract into the sounds of speech The acquisition of esophageal speech is a complex process of skill...Introduction The MIT Encyclopedia of Communication Disorders (MITECD) is a comprehensive volume that presents essential information on communication sciences and disorders The pertinent disorders are those that a¤ect the production and comprehension of spoken language and include especially disorders of speech production and perception, language expression, language comprehension, . class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" The MIT Encyclopedia of Communication Disorders The MIT Encyclopedia of Communication Disorders Edited by Raymond D. Kent A Bradford Book The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London,. vii Introduction The MIT Encyclopedia of Communication Disorders (MITECD) is a comprehensive volume that presents essential information on communication sciences and disorders. The pertinent disorders. of MITECD. They o¤ered vital help with communications, file management, proofre ading, and the various and sundry tasks that stood between the initial conception of MITECD and the submission of