Spotlight grammar workbook adj adv

Carolyn LoGiudice and Kate LaQuay Skill Area: Grammar Ages: through 11 Grades: through Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc All of our products are copyrighted to protect the fine work of our authors You may only copy the student materials as needed for your own use with students Any other reproduction or distribution of the pages in this book is prohibited, including copying the entire book to use as another primary source or “master” copy LinguiSystems, Inc 3100 4th Avenue East Moline, IL 61244-9700 800-776-4332 FAX: 800-577-4555 E-mail: service@linguisystems.com Web: linguisystems.com Printed in the U.S.A ISBN 0-7606-0647-1 About the Authors Carolyn LoGiudice, M.S., CCC-SLP, was a speech-language clinician in school, clinic, and private settings before joining LinguiSystems in 1984 She has co-authored many materials with LinguiSystems, including The WORD Test 2, No-Glamour Vocabulary Cards, The Test of Semantic Skills (TOSS-P and TOSS-I ), 100% Grammar, and 100% Punctuation Carolyn LoGiudice Kate LaQuay, J.D., became part of LinguiSystems’ extended family more than 20 years ago when her mother, Carolyn LoGiudice, joined the company Now a mother herself, Kate has co-authored several LinguiSystems products, including U.S History: A Reading Comprehension Book, U.S Government: A Reading Comprehension Game and Spotlight on Vocabulary: Levels and Previously, she practiced law for six years in Los Angeles Kate and Michael LaQuay Dedication To language and learning instructors devoted to improving students’ skills and supporting their highest aspirations Illustrations by Margaret Warner Cover design by Jason Platt Table of Contents Introduction Pretest/Posttest What Is an Adjective? What Is an Article? Adjectives That Tell What Kind Adjectives That Tell How Many 11 Identifying Adjectives 12 Adjectives After Linking Verbs 14 Writing Adjectives 16 Comparing With Adjectives 17 What Is an Adverb? 20 Identifying Adverbs 21 Identifying Words Adverbs Describe 25 Changing Words Into Adverbs 26 Writing Adverbs 27 Comparing With Adverbs 30 Tricky Adverbs 33 Using Good and Well 35 Using Bad and Badly 36 Using Adjectives and Adverbs 37 Answer Key 39 Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Introduction By itself, “grammar” is not an engaging topic for students You won’t hear them spontaneously discuss the function of an adjective vs an adverb Students don’t get excited about linking verbs Most adults outside the academic arena even shy away from grammar, especially now that our computers can check our grammar for reports or other writings Even so, effective speakers and writers need to understand and use grammar as a sharp tool to express their thoughts Grammar rules help us modify a message for a target audience We even break some rules on purpose to be more casual Some say the most practical reason to teach grammar in school is to help students score well on tests That practice, while pragmatic, ignores the lifelong benefits of solid grammar skills We make snap judgments when we meet people These impressions are based on communication style as much as appearance and background knowledge When all we know about someone is what that person has written, as in many e-mails, grammar and writing style are even more important How, then, we entice students to master basic grammar well enough to apply it in their conversation and their writing? • First, teach the grammar concept or rule Highlight a specific grammar point • Then, give your students practice, practice, practice • Incorporate the grammar concept in both oral and written activities • Spotlight the concept as your students encounter it in textbooks, Internet articles, school announcements, and classroom interaction • Demonstrate both correct and incorrect use of the grammar concept Talk about the impact of the concept on a message’s listener or reader Often a message is clearer when it is grammatically correct Incorrect grammar can also distract from the meaning or desired effect of a message The goals of Spotlight on Grammar are below • To help students recognize and utilize correct grammar in their speaking and writing • To boost students’ reading comprehension by understanding the role of grammar Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc All six books in Spotlight on Grammar concentrate on basic grammar concepts typically mastered by students in fifth grade Use the Pretest/Posttest on page to determine your students’ specific strengths and weaknesses The activities within each book are sequenced by general complexity Sentence structure, vocabulary, and readability are kept simple to keep students’ energies focused on the grammar concept vs reading comprehension Spotlight on Grammar: Adjectives and Adverbs teaches students the functions and correct uses of adjectives and adverbs These words modify certain other parts of speech and are tools to express our thoughts more clearly and vividly to others Adjectives and adverbs are also essential for comparing and contrasting things, people, and ideas Below are additional activities to supplement the activities in this book • After defining and illustrating adjective for your students, send them on a search for adjectives throughout the school or a given area (posters, bulletin boards, textbooks, written announcements, etc.) Ask your students to list each one they find As your students share their lists with the whole group, talk about how to be sure a word is an adjective (What does it modify? What does the dictionary tell us?) If your students list words that aren’t adjectives, help them understand how to tell a true adjective from another modifier • Read your students a story with colorful adjectives, such as Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day by Judith Viorst Have your students raise their hands whenever they hear an adjective You can the same activity with poems or songs • Ask your students to write their ten favorite adjectives and then list the opposite of each word Share the lists and think of nouns these words could modify • Define and illustrate adverb for your students Then work with them to make lists of 20 action verbs and 20 adverbs Divide the students into two teams and give each team ten index cards Each team writes one verb and adverb combination from the lists on each card Most of these combinations will be silly or unique, such as cry carefully As in the Pantomime game, a member of the other team silently acts out the combination on a card A team earns one point for guessing correctly within one minute The team with the most points wins the game • Create Madlib passages for your students or have them develop their own Simply write a brief passage including adjectives and adverbs Delete these words and specify adjective or adverb in each blank Then have your students complete the passages, comparing and contrasting their word choices afterward • Give your students practice in word flexibility by having them change adjectives into adverbs and vice versa, such as swift /swiftly, sleepy / sleepily, etc We hope Spotlight on Grammar: Adjectives and Adverbs is a big hit with you and your students! Carolyn and Kate Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Pretest/Posttest ➥ Circle each adjective, including articles Underline each adverb Adam was two hours late for practice yesterday Rub the sunscreen in thoroughly I finally found a black leather jacket The new painting is very beautiful Connor already went to the shoe store The sun went down at seven Dylan won the first contest easily Greta thanked me graciously after the party ➥ Write the correct comparison form to complete each sentence What is the _ thing that ever happened to you? worse worst 10 Dante is _ than his sister young younger 11 Josh drank _ soda than I did little less 12 Stacey played _ well Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs good Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc What Is an Adjective? An adjective is a word that describes a noun or a pronoun An adjective answers one of these questions: ➥ What kind? How many? a juicy pear a rusty nail stinky cheese most people six snails some trees Write what kind or how many before each sentence to show the question each bolded adjective answers _ I need to wash my dirty hands _ I wish I had long hair _ All campers will learn the song _ The outdoor market sells many things _ I saved ten dollars _ This is an itchy sweater _ No guests are allowed backstage _ Dad is watching a scary movie _ We expect a hot summer 10 _ A few people laughed 11 _ We planted some flowers 12 _ Would you please buy strawberry ice cream? Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc What Is an Article? An article is a special adjective The words a, an, and the are articles We use an before words that begin with a vowel We use a before words that begin with a consonant a football ➥ an orange Write a or an to finish each sentence Today we will _ experiment I saw _ shooting star last night We had _ snack outside It was _ accident I forgot to bring _ umbrella Beth is looking for _ exit Gary wants to borrow _ book Have you been inside _ ambulance? We will have _ taco-eating contest 10 Our class will take a field trip to _ museum 11 How long is the wait for _ ticket? 12 The campers will build _ campfire before it gets dark Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Adjectives That Tell What Kind Some adjectives tell what kind a small dog ➥ a sleepy bear Underline each adjective that tells what kind I want to write short, funny stories Sarah likes chocolate ice cream You carry the heavy brown bag That is the correct answer Cheetahs are fast runners I picked the slow line at the grocery store Chad needs to make a tough choice Eric heard the bad news You have beautiful green eyes 10 Evan rode a red bike with wide tires 11 The frightened girls rushed out the back door 12 Ali ate the last, delicious bite Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Adjectives That Tell What Kind ➥ Write three adjectives that could describe each noun clown _ _ _ monster _ _ _ costume _ _ _ storm _ _ _ roller coaster _ _ _ castle _ _ _ candy _ _ _ mouse _ _ _ shirt _ _ _ 10 ocean _ _ _ 11 music _ _ _ 12 backpack _ _ _ Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 10 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Changing Words Into Adverbs You can make some adjectives into adverbs by adding an -ly ending late lately adjective adverb ➥ quick quickly Change each adjective into an adverb truthful _ 16 cheap _ strange _ 17 correct _ usual _ 18 eager _ loud _ 19 equal _ careful _ 20 important _ hopeful _ 21 proper _ surprising _ 22 normal _ private _ 23 beautiful _ rude _ 24 public _ 10 nervous _ 25 polite _ 11 calm _ 26 safe _ 12 excited _ 27 complete _ 13 perfect _ 28 rapid _ 14 wise _ 29 grateful _ 15 serious _ 30 weak _ Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 26 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Writing Adverbs ➥ Write three adverbs that could describe each action verb race hide play read sleep paint walk eat move 10 sing 11 grow 12 watch 13 dress 14 swim Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 27 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Writing Adverbs ➥ Write three adverbs that could modify each adjective true pretty sad ready hot full ripe neat friendly 10 invisible 11 hopeful 12 trusting 13 careful 14 broken Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 28 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Writing Adverbs ➥ Write three adverbs that could modify each adverb Think of adverbs that tell how or how much carefully badly honestly fast brightly silently soon perfectly happily 10 recently 11 well 12 tragically 13 correctly 14 strongly Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 29 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Comparing With Adverbs Adverbs help us compare things Read these sentences Lisa arrived early Omar arrived earlier than Lisa Kelsey arrived the earliest of all We add - er to an adverb to compare two things soon + er = sooner We add -est to compare three or more things soon + est = soonest ➥ Add -er or -est to write the correct adverb in each blank Who in this class can whistle the loud ? Bozo can juggle the fast of all the clowns I ate my dessert the slow of anyone at the table Janet yelled loud than Mark did Ryan acted calm than his brother She whispered the quiet of all the kids in her class Which batter on the Eagles team hit the ball near to the bleachers? Who can jump high , Todd or Spencer? Terry arrived soon than Steve 10 A motorboat can turn around quick than a submarine 11 Which is bright , sunlight or moonlight? 12 This kitten is the small in the store Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 30 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Comparing With Adverbs We usually add the words more or most to compare adverbs that end in -ly slowly more slowly most slowly Use more to compare two or more actions Use the most to compare more than two actions Jason is snoring loudly Yori is snoring more loudly than Jason Greg is snoring the most loudly of them all ➥ Write more or the most in each blank to complete each sentence correctly Jonah answered the question _ thoughtfully than Jennie Burger World contributed _ generously of all the sponsors Angelica reacted _ suddenly than I did In gymnastics, Jenna tumbled _ gracefully than Claudia Erica’s eyes sparkle _ brightly of all the cheerleaders Joan strums the guitar strings _ softly than Chris does My sister fidgeted _ anxiously of any of us I slept _ peacefully last night than the night before Which of the three boys waited _ patiently in the dentist’s office? 10 Jack decorated his room _ creatively than Natalie did 11 Cameron dressed _ formally of all of his friends 12 Nicholas greeted me _ warmly than the others when I arrived at camp Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 31 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Comparing With Adverbs We usually add the words less or the least to show lower amounts rapidly carefully ➥ less rapidly less carefully the least rapidly the least carefully Write less or the least to complete each sentence correctly Rick read the chapter _ completely than anyone else in his class Trevor cleaned his room _ thoroughly than his little brother Tornadoes can move _ predictably than hurricanes Elizabeth watched the show _ enthusiastically than Courtney Of all the people on my team, I held onto the tug of war rope _ firmly This dress fits me _ comfortably than most of my clothes Alexis practices _ often than she should I dance _ gracefully early in the morning Paolo sang _ loudly of the three singers 10 Grace measured her height _ accurately than Yvonne 11 Harris batted _ confidently of all the players on the team 12 This old printer works _ quickly than the new one Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 32 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Tricky Adverbs Some adverbs not follow the rules to make comparisons Learn how to use these words correctly adverb comparing things well badly better worse comparing or more things the best the worst Damion paints well Damion’s brother paints better than Damion Damion’s sister paints the best of everyone in their family ➥ Write the correct comparison form of the given adverb to complete each sentence Michael plays the trumpet as as his teacher well The children behaved today than yesterday badly Dixie scored of anyone in her class on the test badly I swam at this week’s swim meet than I did at last week’s well Of all my friends, Marleen shuffles cards well Laura burned the cookies than Marty burned the cupcakes badly Enzo roller skates than his brother well Julie hurt my feelings badly Madison adjusted to the changes in the dance routine well 10 Pat decorated his gingerbread house of everyone in the contest well Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 33 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Tricky Adverbs Some adverbs not follow the rules to make comparisons Learn how to use these words correctly adverb comparing things little much less more comparing or more things the least the most Alan ate very little of his lunch Marco ate less than Alan Tyler ate the least of everyone at the table ➥ Write the correct comparison form of the given adverb to complete each sentence Mom puts milk in her coffee than Dad little Allison baked cookies for the bake sale than Jenny much Out of all of his teammates, Derek paid attention to what the little coach had said I didn’t practice my exercises last week much Kirk has read of his comic book so far little Who will eat pickles in the first round of the pickle-eating contest? much Mark spent time on his homework on Monday than Tuesday little I didn’t use glue when I fixed the broken cup much Robyn missed all of her friends, but she missed Vanessa much 10 I was in a bad mood, so I laughed very at Kelsey’s jokes little Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 34 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Using Good and Well Good is an adjective It describes a noun or a pronoun It answers the question What kind? What kind of a singer is Nikki? She is a good singer Well is an adverb It describes a verb It answers the question How? How does Nikki sing? She sings well ➥ Write good or well to complete each sentence correctly Did you sleep _ last night? I don’t see _ without my glasses That is a _ idea You took some _ pictures on your trip I did _ in gymnastics today Kayla is looking for a _ book to read for fun Do you know Paul very _? What are some _ reasons for playing sports? James followed the instructions very _ 10 The farmers expect a _ harvest this year 11 This cake is decorated _ 12 Everyone got along _ Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 35 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Using Bad and Badly Bad is an adjective It describes a noun or a pronoun It answer the question What kind? I had a bad baseball game today Badly is an adverb It describes a verb It answers the question How? I played badly today ➥ Write bad or badly to complete each sentence correctly Lamar cut himself _ That looks like a _ injury I messed my art project up _ Dawn seems to have a _ attitude I slept _ last night because of the noisy storm Luis got into trouble for telling a _ joke Ava made a _ decision Our team played _ today because we haven’t practiced much Traffic is slow because of a _ accident 10 I apologize for acting _ in class 11 My brother was burned _ when he touched the hot stove 12 Hurricane Emily damaged many homes _ Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 36 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Using Adjectives and Adverbs ➥ Write the correct form of an adjective or an adverb in each blank to complete this story Use your own words or choose them from the box Select a different word for each blank _ we went to the Halloween party at the adverb community center I dressed as a _ vampire and adjective my sister went as a _ _ princess adverb adjective We walked _ to the party because it was _ adverb adverb _ outside When we arrived, we _ threw off our coats adjective adverb and started to dance _ to the _ music adverb 10 adjective My _ costume was a monster with _ fur and 11 adjective 12 adjective _ eyes That costume won the contest to dress the most _ 13 adjective 14 adverb At the end, everyone trick-or-treated I got loads of _ candy, 15 adjective which I ate _ I had a _ stomachache at home 16 adverb 17 adjective _, but I’m still _ that I went 18 adverb 19 adjective adjectives bad beautiful bloodshot chilly favorite glad lively nasty pretty adverbs scary shaggy unusual yummy creatively hastily immediately later quickly quite rapidly very wildly yesterday Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 37 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Using Adjectives and Adverbs ➥ Write the correct form of an adjective or an adverb in each blank to complete this story Use your own words or choose them from the box Select a different word for each blank I love _ sports, but my _ sport adjective adjective is basketball I’ve been playing _ since I was _ years old adverb adjective I guess it helps that I’ve _ been _ for my age adverb adjective I _ play point guard because I can run _ _ adverb adverb adverb and dribble _ _ But I _ like playing defense 10 adverb 11 adverb 12 adverb I played _ at the game _ I scored _ 13 adverb 14 adverb 15 adjective points in the _ half The crowd cheered _ when the game 16 adjective 17 adverb ended Coach named me the most _ player of the game It was an 18 adjective _ win for the team and I was _ to be a part of it 19 adjective 20 adjective adjectives 28 all big exciting favorite Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs important incredible most proud second seven adverbs tall thrilled valuable 38 actively almost also always fast quite skillfully usually very well wildly yesterday Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Answer Key The most likely answers are listed here Accept other logical, appropriate answers as correct Page adj.: two, late adv.: yesterday adj.: the adv.: thoroughly adj.: a, black, leather adv.: finally adj.: The, new, beautiful adv.: very adj.: the, shoe adv.: already adj.: The adv.: down adj.: the, first adv.: easily adj.: the adv.: graciously worst 10 younger 11 less 12 well Page 7 10 11 12 what kind what kind how many how many how many what kind how many what kind what kind how many how many what kind Page 10 10 11 12 silly, funny, bashful huge, scary, hairy pretty, crazy, clever terrible, huge, powerful wild, new, awesome old, stone, ancient sweet, soft, creamy tiny, frightened, brave new, wrinkled, medium wide, calm, deep loud, quiet, soothing heavy, green, new Page 11 Most Some no all two several Page 12 an a a an an an 10 11 12 a an a a a a 10 11 12 many All 24 more seven Many 10 Page 13 10 11 12 short, funny chocolate heavy, brown correct fast slow, grocery tough bad beautiful, green Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 5 10 11 12 10 11 12 10 est er er est est Page 18 39 10 less least less least less how much how where how when how much when how where when how much how Page 21 pretty loud long great storm ghost friendly math fancy juicy leather new est er er er est most more more more most Page 20 terrible happy dark late expensive sharp warm lucky pleased stale ripe afraid Page 17 drier, driest riper, ripest creepier, creepiest truer, truest Page 19 Page 16 Page 9 10 sour obvious sweet cooler excited worried eager silky closer challenging Page 15 10 11 12 Page Page 14 10 red, wide 11 frightened, back 12 last, delicious wetter, wettest purer, purest busier, busiest sadder, saddest wider, widest sleepier, sleepiest finally First usually later rarely recently tomorrow early Now yesterday Lately soon Page 22 10 11 12 ahead away left west up out here through back behind there north Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc Page 23 10 11 12 loudly quietly impatiently nicely well fast quickly gently loudly luckily beautifully suddenly Page 24 10 11 12 truly very so, nearly nearly almost completely Quite entirely completely absolutely totally so, wide Page 25 10 11 12 stretches screamed drive park identical satisfied well impossible beautiful eat talking Page 26 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 truthfully strangely usually loudly carefully hopefully surprisingly privately rudely nervously calmly excitedly perfectly wisely seriously cheaply correctly Spotlight on Grammar Adjectives and Adverbs 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 eagerly equally importantly properly normally beautifully publicly politely safely completely rapidly gratefully weakly Page 27 quickly, slowly, tiredly silently, immediately, safely happily, tomorrow, now aloud, silently, quickly tonight, peacefully, innocently there, later, completely quickly, straight, now hungrily, sloppily, greedily away, slightly, along 10 joyfully, loudly, well 11 greatly, rapidly, slowly 12 carefully, patiently, often 13 well, poorly, properly 14 barely, easily, hardly Page 28 10 11 12 quite, very, so really, truly, now lately, then, deeply almost, nearly, totally very, extremely, now so, rarely, partly almost, slightly, hardly finally, now, quite so, now, surprisingly mostly, partly, then very, bravely, almost totally, completely, usually 13 extremely, sometimes, lately 14 nearly, truly, actually Page 29 almost, absolutely, totally fairly, quite, very almost, absolutely, quite intensely, moderately, somewhat 10 fairly, somewhat, equally 11 quite, completely, absolutely 12 very, absolutely, quite 13 partly, totally, somewhat 14 fairly, pretty, quite Page 30 est est est er er est 10 11 12 est er er er er est more more the most more more the most more 10 more the most 11 the most more 12 more Page 32 10 11 12 less less less less the least less less less, the least the least less the least less well worse the worst better the best 10 worse better badly well the best less more the least much little 10 the most less much the most little Page 34 very, less, more quite, so, very somewhat, partly, completely extremely, moderately, fairly awfully, incredibly, especially 40 well well good good well good 10 11 12 well good well good well well 10 11 12 bad badly bad badly badly badly Page 36 badly bad badly bad badly bad 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Yesterday scary, nasty very, quite beautiful, pretty hastily, quickly, rapidly very, quite chilly immediately, quickly wildly lively favorite shaggy, nasty, bad bloodshot creatively yummy immediately, quickly bad, nasty later glad Page 38 Page 33 5 Pages 37 Page 31 Page 35 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 all, most favorite actively always tall usually, always quite, very fast quite, very skillfully, well usually, always well yesterday 28 second wildly valuable important, incredible, exciting 20 thrilled 23-06-987654321 Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc