routledge history of philosophy vol ii from aristotle to augustine - david furley

[...]... by Greeks from further south but much influenced throughout its history by close contacts, sometimes friendly, sometimes hostile, with its neighbour to the north-east, Macedonia Aristotle s father, Nicomachus, was court physician to Amyntas II of Macedonia When he was 17, Aristotle went to Athens to join Plato’s school in the Academy, where he stayed for twenty years 2 FROM ARISTOTLE TO AUGUSTINE. .. versions of Aristotle s metaphysical terms: for example, ‘substance’, ‘essence’, ‘quality’, ‘quantity’ and ‘category.’ The Aristotelian tradition continued for many centuries From the first century AD the richest kind of philosophical writing took the form of commentary on the works of Aristotle The famous German edition of the Greek commentaries on Aristotle occupies twenty-three heavy volumes, dating from. .. Plato and Aristotle To study Plato and Aristotle, the modern reader has access to original works to everything that Plato wrote, so far as we know, and the most important of Aristotle s writings Things are very different with regard to Epicurus, the early Stoics, and the Sceptics of the Academy ‘Epicurus’, says Diogenes Laertius (10.26), ‘was a most prolific writer, and outdid everyone in the number of. .. bibliographies attached to these chapters 2 This is a medieval Latin version, of uncertain origin; the same thought is also attributed to Plato with regard to Socrates See [1.40] Guthrie, p.25, n.2 3 The discovery of its site by archaeologists was announced in The Times of London in January 1998 8 FROM ARISTOTLE TO AUGUSTINE 4 For textual evidence on the life of Aristotle, see [5.73] I.During, Aristotle in the... differences between Plato and Aristotle With Antiochus there began the intermediate phase known as ‘Middle Platonism’, best represented by the many surviving works of Philo of 6 FROM ARISTOTLE TO AUGUSTINE Alexandria (known also as Philo Judaeus) and the philosophical essays of Plutarch of Chaeronea (author of the more famous Lives).11 A very different interpretation of the Platonic tradition began... compounds of the natural world After a criticism of the ideas of earlier philosophers of nature about the principles, Aristotle continues with reflections on our common notions 12 FROM ARISTOTLE TO AUGUSTINE about the essential features of change, since change is a necessary feature of everything in the sublunary natural world Change takes place between opposites: things are said to change from hot to cold,... infinitely extended body or plurality of bodies 14 FROM ARISTOTLE TO AUGUSTINE This Aristotle aims to do in On the Heavens 1.5–7 He begins with an argument concerned with the ‘first body’—i.e the body of which the sphere of the fixed stars is composed (for which see section 5) Like most Greeks of the classical period Aristotle believed the earth to be stationary at the centre of the spherical heavens The fact... Each of his own surviving writings is devoted to a single subject-matter, unlike the dialogues of his teacher Plato Some branches of knowledge were covered not by himself but by his students: for example Theophrastus wrote the major work on botany, Eudemus wrote on the history of mathematics, Menon on the history of medicine.9 Moreover, the school founded by Aristotle in the Lyceum was the first to compile... Professor of Classics, University of Toronto He is the author of Ethics and Human Action in Early Stoicism (1985), Hellenistic Philosophy: Introductory Readings with L.P.Gerson (1988, 2nd, expanded edition, 1997), and The Poem of Parmenides (1992) He is coeditor, with Jaap Mansfeld, of Assent and Argument in Cicero’s Academic Books (1997), and has contributed articles to two volumes on Hellenistic philosophy, ... and Justice and Generosity (1995) Gerard O’Daly is Professor of Latin at University College London His chief publications are Plotinus’ Philosophy of the Self (1973), Augustine s Philosophy of Mind (1987), and The Poetry of Boethius (1991) He is co-editor of the Augustinus-Lexikon (1986) Trevor J.Saunders is Professor of Greek at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne His chief interests are in Greek . 0-4 1 5-0 600 2-8 (HB) 1. Philosophy, Ancient. 2. Aristotle. 3. Augustine, Saint, Bishop of Hippo. I. Furley, David J. II. Series. B505.F76 1999 180–dc21 98–8543 CIP ISBN 0-2 0 3-0 284 5-7 Master e-book. Introduction David Furley 1 1 Aristotle the philosopher of nature David Furley 9 2 Aristotle s logic and metaphysics Alan Code 40 3 Aristotle: Aesthetics and philosophy of mind David Gallop 76 4 Aristotle: . book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data From Aristotle to Augustine/ edited by David Furley. p. cm.— (Routledge history of philosophy; v. 2) Includes