NORME INTERNATIONALE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CEI IEC 60605-4 Deuxième édition Second edition 2001-08 Partie 4: Méthodes statistiques de distribution exponentielle – Estimateurs ponctuels, intervalles de confiance, intervalles de prédiction et intervalles de tolérance Equipment reliability testing – Part 4: Statistical procedures for exponential distribution – Point estimates, confidence intervals, prediction intervals and tolerance intervals Numéro de référence Reference number CEI/IEC 60605-4:2001 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Essai de fiabilité des équipements – Publication numbering Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI sont numérotées partir de 60000 Ainsi, la CEI 34-1 devient la CEI 60034-1 As from January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the 60000 series For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1 Editions consolidées Consolidated editions Les versions consolidées de certaines publications de la CEI incorporant les amendements sont disponibles Par exemple, les numéros d’édition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent respectivement la publication de base, la publication de base incorporant l’amendement 1, et la publication de base incorporant les amendements et The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications For example, edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the base publication incorporating amendment and the base publication incorporating amendments and Informations supplémentaires sur les publications de la CEI Further information on IEC publications Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est constamment revu par la CEI afin qu'il reflète l'état actuel de la technique Des renseignements relatifs cette publication, y compris sa validité, sont disponibles dans le Catalogue des publications de la CEI (voir ci-dessous) en plus des nouvelles éditions, amendements et 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Customer Service Centre (see below) for further information • Customer Service Centre Si vous avez des questions au sujet de cette publication ou avez besoin de renseignements supplémentaires, prenez contact avec le Service clients: If you have any questions regarding this publication or need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service Centre: Email: custserv@iec.ch Tél: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 Email: custserv@iec.ch Tel: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Numérotation des publications NORME INTERNATIONALE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CEI IEC 60605-4 Deuxième édition Second edition 2001-08 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Essai de fiabilité des équipements – Partie 4: Méthodes statistiques de distribution exponentielle – Estimateurs ponctuels, intervalles de confiance, intervalles de prédiction et intervalles de tolérance Equipment reliability testing – Part 4: Statistical procedures for exponential distribution – Point estimates, confidence intervals, prediction intervals and tolerance intervals IEC 2001 Droits de reproduction réservés Copyright - all rights reserved Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher International Electrotechnical Commission 3, rue de Varembé Geneva, Switzerland Telefax: +41 22 919 0300 e-mail: inmail@iec.ch IEC web site http://www.iec.ch Commission Electrotechnique Internationale International Electrotechnical Commission CODE PRIX PRICE CODE V Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur For price, see current catalogue –2– 60605-4 © CEI:2001 SOMMAIRE AVANT-PROPOS Domaine d’application 10 Références normatives 10 Définitions et symboles 12 3.1 Définitions 12 3.2 Symboles 12 Hypothèses et prescriptions 14 4.1 Hypothèses et informations requises pour les estimateurs ponctuels et les intervalles de confiance 16 4.2 Hypothèses et prescriptions pour les intervalles de prédiction 16 4.3 Hypothèses et prescriptions pour les intervalles de tolérance 16 Méthode de calcul des estimateurs ponctuels et des intervalles de confiance 18 5.1 Essais tronqués par le temps 20 5.1.1 Estimateurs ponctuels 20 5.1.2 Limites de confiance 20 5.2 Méthode analytique – Essais censurés 28 5.2.1 Estimateur ponctuel 28 5.2.2 Intervalles de confiance 28 Intervalles de prédiction pour le nombre de défaillances sur une période venir 32 6.1 Intervalles de prédiction bilatéraux rL2 et rU2 32 6.2 Intervalle de prédiction unilatéral 32 Méthode d’attribution des intervalles de tolérance 32 7.1 7.2 Limite supérieure de tolérance de Poisson 32 Limite inférieure de tolérance de Poisson 34 Annexe A (informative) Exemples 36 A.1 Estimateur ponctuel du MTTF 36 A.2 Application de la limite de confiance unilatérale inférieure de 90 % sur la durée moyenne de fonctionnement avant défaillance (MTTF) 36 A.3 Application des limites de confiances bilatérales de 90 % sur la MTTF 36 A.4 Application d’un intervalle de prédiction bilatéral de 90 % 38 A.5 Application d’une limite de tolérance supérieure de 90 % pour une confiance de 95 % 38 A.6 Application d’une limite de tolérance inférieure de 90 % pour une confiance de 95 % 38 Annexe B (informative) Relation entre intervalles de confiance, de prédiction et de tolérance 42 B.1 Intervalles de confiance 42 B.2 Intervalles de prédiction 42 B.3 Intervalles de tolérance 44 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU 60605-4 IEC:2001 –3– CONTENTS FOREWORD Scope 11 Normative references 11 Definitions and symbols 13 3.1 Definitions 13 3.2 Symbols 13 Assumptions and requirements 15 4.1 5.1 Time terminated tests 21 5.1.1 Point estimates 21 5.1.2 Confidence limits 21 5.2 Analytical procedure – Failure terminated tests 29 5.2.1 Point estimate 29 5.2.2 Confidence intervals 29 Prediction intervals for the number of failures in a future period 33 6.1 Two-sided prediction intervals rL2 and rU2 33 6.2 One-sided prediction interval 33 Procedure for assigning tolerance intervals 33 7.1 7.2 Upper Poisson tolerance bound 33 Lower Poisson tolerance bound 35 Annex A (informative) Examples 37 A.1 Point estimate of MTTF 37 A.2 Application of lower one-sided 90 % confidence limit on mean time to failure (MTTF) 37 A.3 Application of two-sided 90 % confidence limits on MTTF 37 A.4 Application of a two-sided 90 % prediction interval 39 A.5 Application of upper 90 % tolerance bound at 95 % confidence 39 A.6 Application of lower 90 % tolerance bound at 95 % confidence 39 Annex B (informative) Relation between confidence, prediction and tolerance intervals 43 B.1 Confidence intervals 43 B.2 Prediction intervals 43 B.3 Tolerance intervals 45 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Assumptions and information required for point estimates and confidence intervals 17 4.2 Assumptions and requirements for prediction intervals 17 4.3 Assumptions and requirements for tolerance intervals 17 Procedure for calculating point estimates and confidence intervals 19 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an –4– 60605-4 © CEI:2001 Annexe C (normative) Calcul de la durée d’essai cumulée T * 46 C.1 Cas n° 1, un dispositif réparé avec intensité de défaillance constante 46 C.2 Cas n° 2, plusieurs dispositifs réparés avec intensités de défaillance constantes identiques 48 C.3 Cas n° 3, dispositifs non réparés 50 Annexe D (normative) Tableaux des fractiles de la distribution du χ : χ α (ν ) 52 Annexe E (normative) Intégrale de la distribution du χ et de la distribution de Poisson cumulée 56 Annexe F (normative) Fractiles 0,95 de la distribution de F 62 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Bibliographie 64 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 60605-4 IEC:2001 –5– Annex C (normative) Computation of accumulated test time T * 47 C.1 Case 1, one repaired item with constant failure intensity 47 C.2 Case 2, more than one repaired item with identical constant failure intensities 49 C.3 Case 3, non-repaired items 51 Annex D (normative) Tables of fractiles of the chi-squared distribution: χ α (ν ) 53 Annex E (normative) Integral of the chi-squared distribution and cumulative Poisson distribution 57 Annex F (normative) 0,95 fractiles of the F distribution 32 Bibliography 65 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an –6– 60605-4 © CEI:2001 COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE ESSAI DE FIABILITÉ DES ÉQUIPEMENTS – Partie 4: Méthodes statistiques de distribution exponentielle – Estimateurs ponctuels, intervalles de confiance, intervalles de prédiction et intervalles de tolérance AVANT-PROPOS 2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques représentent, dans la mesure du possible, un accord international sur les sujets étudiés, étant donné que les Comités nationaux intéressés sont représentés dans chaque comité d’études 3) Les documents produits se présentent sous la forme de recommandations internationales Ils sont publiés comme normes, spécifications techniques, rapports techniques ou guides et agréés comme tels par les Comités nationaux 4) Dans le but d'encourager l'unification internationale, les Comités nationaux de la CEI s'engagent appliquer de faỗon transparente, dans toute la mesure possible, les Normes internationales de la CEI dans leurs normes nationales et régionales Toute divergence entre la norme de la CEI et la norme nationale ou régionale correspondante doit être indiquée en termes clairs dans cette dernière 5) La CEI n’a fixé aucune procédure concernant le marquage comme indication d’approbation et sa responsabilité n’est pas engagée quand un matériel est déclaré conforme l’une de ses normes 6) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Norme internationale peuvent faire l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence La Norme internationale CEI 60605-4 a été établie par comité d'études 56 de la CEI: Sûreté de fonctionnement Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 1986 et son amendement (1989), dont elle constitue une révision technique Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants: FDIS Rapport de vote 56/737/FDIS 56/756/RVD Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant abouti l'approbation de cette norme Cette publication a été rédigée selon les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie Les annexes A et B sont données uniquement titre d’information Les annexes C, D, E et F sont partie intégrante de cette norme Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU 1) La CEI (Commission Électrotechnique Internationale) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation composée de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI) La CEI a pour objet de favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines de l'électricité et de l'électronique A cet effet, la CEI, entre autres activités, publie des Normes internationales Leur élaboration est confiée des comités d'études, aux travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le sujet traité peut participer Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec la CEI, participent également aux travaux La CEI collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 60605-4 IEC:2001 –7– INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION EQUIPMENT RELIABILITY TESTING – Part 4: Statistical procedures for exponential distribution – Point estimates, confidence intervals, prediction intervals and tolerance intervals FOREWORD 2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested National Committees 3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense 4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards Any divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter 5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards 6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights International Standard IEC 60605-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 56: Dependability This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1986 and its amendment (1989), of which it constitutes a technical revision The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 56/737/FDIS 56/756/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part Annexes A and B are for information only Annexes C, D, E and F form an integral part of this standard Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU 1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees) The object of the IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an –8– 60605-4 © CEI:2001 Le comité a décidé que le contenu de cette publication ne sera pas modifié avant 2006 A cette date, la publication sera • • • • reconduite; supprimée; remplacée par une édition révisée, ou amendée LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Chi-sq= wf λ = 23.00 11.5 0.0000 0.0001 0.0008 0.0034 0.0107 0.0277 0.0603 0.1137 0.1906 0.2888 0.4017 0.5198 0.6329 0.7330 0.8153 0.8783 0.9236 0.9542 0.9738 0.9857 0.9925 0.9962 0.9982 0.9992 0.9996 0.9998 0.9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 24.00 12.0 0.0000 0.0001 0.0005 0.0023 0.0076 0.0203 0.0458 0.0895 0.1550 0.2424 0.3472 0.4616 0.5760 0.6815 0.7720 0.8444 0.8987 0.9370 0.9626 0.9787 0.9884 0.9939 0.9970 0.9985 0.9993 0.9997 0.9999 0.9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 25.00 12.5 0.0000 0.0001 0.0003 0.0016 0.0053 0.0148 0.0346 0.0698 0.1249 0.2014 0.2971 0.4058 0.5190 0.6278 0.7250 0.8060 0.8693 0.9158 0.9481 0.9694 0.9827 0.9906 0.9951 0.9975 0.9988 0.9994 0.9997 0.9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 26.00 13.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002 0.0011 0.0037 0.0107 0.0259 0.0540 0.0998 0.1658 0.2517 0.3532 0.4631 0.5730 0.6751 0.7636 0.8355 0.8905 0.9302 0.9573 0.9750 0.9859 0.9924 0.9960 0.9980 0.9990 0.9995 0.9998 0.9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 27.00 13.5 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0007 0.0026 0.0077 0.0193 0.0415 0.0790 0.1353 0.2112 0.3045 0.4093 0.5182 0.6233 0.7178 0.7975 0.8609 0.9084 0.9421 0.9649 0.9796 0.9885 0.9938 0.9968 0.9984 0.9992 0.9996 0.9998 0.9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 28.00 14.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0005 0.0018 0.0055 0.0142 0.0316 0.0621 0.1094 0.1757 0.2600 0.3585 0.4644 0.5704 0.6694 0.7559 0.8272 0.8826 0.9235 0.9521 0.9712 0.9833 0.9907 0.9950 0.9974 0.9987 0.9994 0.9997 0.9999 0.9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 29.00 14.5 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0003 0.0012 0.0039 0.0105 0.0239 0.0484 0.0878 0.1449 0.2201 0.3111 0.4125 0.5176 0.6192 0.7112 0.7897 0.8530 0.9012 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0.2303 0.2861 0.3470 0.4115 0.4778 0.5442 0.6087 0.6699 0.7263 0.7771 0.8217 0.8599 0.8919 0.9181 0.9391 0.9555 0.9680 0.9775 0.9844 0.9894 0.9929 0.9953 0.9970 0.9981 73.00 36.5 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0003 0.0005 0.0011 0.0021 0.0039 0.0068 0.0115 0.0186 0.0289 0.0435 0.0631 0.0887 0.1209 0.1601 0.2063 0.2590 0.3172 0.3797 0.4449 0.5110 0.5763 0.6389 0.6975 0.7510 0.7986 0.8400 0.8752 0.9043 0.9279 0.9467 0.9613 0.9723 0.9806 0.9866 0.9909 0.9940 0.9960 0.9974 – 61 – 48.00 24.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002 0.0004 0.0011 0.0025 0.0054 0.0107 0.0198 0.0344 0.0563 0.0871 0.1283 0.1803 0.2426 0.3139 0.3917 0.4728 0.5540 0.6319 0.7038 0.7677 0.8225 0.8679 0.9042 0.9322 0.9533 0.9686 0.9794 0.9868 0.9918 0.9950 0.9970 0.9983 0.9990 0.9995 0.9997 0.9998 0.9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU J 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 60605-4 IEC:2001 DF 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100 102 104 106 108 110 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an – 62 – 60605-4 © CEI:2001 Annexe F (normative) Fractiles 0,95 de la distribution de F Tableau F.1 – Fractiles 0,95 de la distribution de F F0,95 (ν 1ν ) ν1 10 20 30 40 60 120 ∞ 19,00 19,25 19,33 19,37 19,40 19,45 19,46 19,47 19,48 19,49 19,50 6,94 6,39 6,16 6,04 5,96 5,80 5,75 5,72 5,69 5,66 5,63 5,14 4,53 4,28 4,15 4,06 3,87 3,81 3,77 3,74 3,70 3,67 4,46 3,84 3,58 3,44 3,35 3,15 3,08 3,04 3,01 2,97 2,93 10 4,10 3,48 3,22 3,07 2,98 2,77 2,70 2,66 2,62 2,58 2,54 12 3,89 3,26 3,00 2,85 2,75 2,54 2,47 2,43 2,38 2,34 2,30 14 3,74 3,11 2,85 2,70 2,60 2,39 2,31 2,27 2,22 2,18 2,13 16 3,63 3,01 2,74 2,59 2,49 2,28 2,19 2,15 2,11 2,06 2,01 18 3,55 2,93 2,66 2,51 2,41 2,19 2,11 2,06 2,02 1,97 1,92 20 3,49 2,87 2,60 2,45 2,35 2,12 2,04 1,99 1,95 1,90 1,84 30 3,32 2,69 2,42 2,27 2,16 1,93 1,84 1,79 1,74 1,68 1,62 40 3,23 2,61 2,34 2,18 2,08 1,84 1,74 1,69 1,64 1,58 1,51 60 3,15 2,53 2,25 2,10 1,99 1,75 1,65 1,59 1,53 1,47 1,39 120 3,07 2,45 2,18 2,02 1,91 1,66 1,55 1,49 1,43 1,35 1,25 ∞ 3,00 2,37 2,10 1,94 1,83 1,57 1,46 1,39 1,32 1,22 1,00 NOTE L'interpolation linéaire pour les valeurs intermédiaires est suffisamment précise Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU ν2 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 60605-4 IEC:2001 – 63 – Annex F (normative) 0,95 fractiles of the F distribution Table F.1 – 0,95 fractiles of the F distribution F0,95 (ν 1ν ) ν1 10 20 30 40 60 120 ∞ 19,00 19,25 19,33 19,37 19,40 19,45 19,46 19,47 19,48 19,49 19,50 6,94 6,39 6,16 6,04 5,96 5,80 5,75 5,72 5,69 5,66 5,63 5,14 4,53 4,28 4,15 4,06 3,87 3,81 3,77 3,74 3,70 3,67 4,46 3,84 3,58 3,44 3,35 3,15 3,08 3,04 3,01 2,97 2,93 10 4,10 3,48 3,22 3,07 2,98 2,77 2,70 2,66 2,62 2,58 2,54 12 3,89 3,26 3,00 2,85 2,75 2,54 2,47 2,43 2,38 2,34 2,30 14 3,74 3,11 2,85 2,70 2,60 2,39 2,31 2,27 2,22 2,18 2,13 16 3,63 3,01 2,74 2,59 2,49 2,28 2,19 2,15 2,11 2,06 2,01 18 3,55 2,93 2,66 2,51 2,41 2,19 2,11 2,06 2,02 1,97 1,92 20 3,49 2,87 2,60 2,45 2,35 2,12 2,04 1,99 1,95 1,90 1,84 30 3,32 2,69 2,42 2,27 2,16 1,93 1,84 1,79 1,74 1,68 1,62 40 3,23 2,61 2,34 2,18 2,08 1,84 1,74 1,69 1,64 1,58 1,51 60 3,15 2,53 2,25 2,10 1,99 1,75 1,65 1,59 1,53 1,47 1,39 120 3,07 2,45 2,18 2,02 1,91 1,66 1,55 1,49 1,43 1,35 1,25 ∞ 3,00 2,37 2,10 1,94 1,83 1,57 1,46 1,39 1,32 1,22 1,00 NOTE Linear interpolation for intermediate values is sufficiently accurate Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU ν2 C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an – 64 – 60605-4 © CEI:2001 Bibliographie [1] HAHN & MEEKER, 1991, Statistical Intervals, A Guide for Practitioners , Wiley Interscience, 1991 [2] ISO 2854:1976, Interprétation statistique des données – Techniques d'estimation et tests portant sur des moyennes et des variances [3] JOHNSON N.L., KOTZ S and BALAKRISHNAN N “Continuous Variate Distributions”, Vol Ed 2, Wiley, 1994, pp 426-7 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU _ C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 60605-4 IEC:2001 – 65 – Bibliography [1] HAHN & MEEKER, 1991, Statistical Intervals, A Guide for Practitioners , Wiley Interscience, 1991 [2] ISO 2854:1976, Statistical interpretation of data – Techniques of estimation and tests relating to means and variances [3] JOHNSON N.L., KOTZ S and BALAKRISHNAN N “Continuous Variate Distributions”, Vol Ed 2, Wiley, 1994, pp 426-7 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU _ C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Standards Survey The IEC would like to offer you the best quality standards possible To make sure that we continue to meet your needs, your feedback is essential Would you please take a minute to answer the questions overleaf and fax them to us at +41 22 919 03 00 or mail them to the address below Thank you! Customer Service Centre (CSC) or Fax to: IEC/CSC at +41 22 919 03 00 Thank you for your contribution to the standards-making process Nicht frankieren Ne pas affranchir A Prioritaire Non affrancare No stamp required RÉPONSE PAYÉE SUISSE Customer Service Centre (CSC) International Electrotechnical Commission 3, rue de Varembé 1211 GENEVA 20 Switzerland Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU International Electrotechnical Commission 3, rue de Varembé 1211 Genève 20 Switzerland C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Q1 Please report on ONE STANDARD and ONE STANDARD ONLY Enter the exact number of the standard: (e.g 60601-1-1) Q6 standard is out of date R standard is incomplete R standard is too academic R standard is too superficial R title is misleading R I made the wrong choice R other Q2 Please tell us in what capacity(ies) you bought the standard (tick all that apply) I am the/a: Q3 Q7 I work for/in/as a: (tick all that apply) manufacturing R consultant R government R test/certification facility R public utility R education R military R other timeliness quality of writing technical contents logic of arrangement of contents tables, charts, graphs, figures other Q8 Q4 Q5 Q9 This standard meets my needs: (tick one) not at all nearly fairly well exactly R R R R I read/use the: (tick one) French text only English text only both English and French texts This standard will be used for: (tick all that apply) general reference R product research R product design/development R specifications R tenders R quality assessment R certification R technical documentation R thesis R manufacturing R other Please assess the standard in the following categories, using the numbers: (1) unacceptable, (2) below average, (3) average, (4) above average, (5) exceptional, (6) not applicable Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj.dtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn R R R Please share any comment on any aspect of the IEC that you would like us to know: LICENSED TO MECON Limited - RANCHI/BANGALORE FOR INTERNAL USE AT THIS LOCATION ONLY, SUPPLIED BY BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU purchasing agent R librarian R researcher R design engineer R safety engineer R testing engineer R marketing specialist R other If you ticked NOT AT ALL in Question the reason is: (tick all that apply) C.vT.Bg.Jy.Lj.Tai lieu Luan vT.Bg.Jy.Lj van Luan an.vT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.LjvT.Bg.Jy.Lj Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Enquête sur les normes La CEI ambitionne de vous offrir les meilleures normes possibles Pour nous assurer que nous continuons répondre votre attente, nous avons besoin de quelques renseignements de votre part Nous vous demandons simplement de consacrer un instant pour répondre au questionnaire ci-après et de nous le retourner par fax au +41 22 919 03 00 ou par courrier l’adresse ci-dessous Merci ! 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