bài tập về gerund and infinitive

bài tập về gerund and infinitive

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

Các động từ phải có V-ING theo sau Các động từ phải có TO-V theo sau Các động từ + O + To -infinitive

1 avoid (tránh ) + V-ING

2 admit (thừ a nhận )

3 advise (khuyên nhủ )

4 appreciate (đánh giá )

5 complete ( hoàn thành )

6 consider ( xem xét )

7 delay ( trì hoãn )

8 deny ( từ chối )

9 discuss ( thảo luận )

10.dislike ( không thích )

11.enjoy ( thích )

12.finish ( hoàn thành )

13.keep ( tiếp tục )

14.mention (đề cập )

15.mind ( phiền , ngại )

16.miss (nhớ , bỏ lỡ )

17.postpone ( trỉ hoãn )

18.practice (luyện tập )

19.quit (nghỉ , thôi )

20.recall ( nhắc nhở , nhớ )

21.recollect ( nhớ ra )

22.recommend (nhắc nhở )

23.resent (bực tức )

24.resist (kháng cự )

25.risk ( rủi ro )

26.suggest (đề nghị )

27.tolerate (tha thứ )

28.understand ( hiểu )

29.can’t help (ko thể tránh / nhịn được )

30.can’t stand ( ko thể chịu đựng đc )

31.can’t bear ( ko thể chịu đựng đc )

32.It is no use / It is no good ( vô ích )

33.would you mind (có làm phiền

ko)

34.to be used to ( quen với )

35.to be / get accustomed to (dần quen

với )

36.to be busy ( bận rộn )

37.to be worth ( xứng đáng )

38.to look forward to (trông mong )

39 to have difficulty / fun / trouble

40.to have a difficult time

1 afford (đủ khả năng ) + TO – V1

2 agree (đồng ý )

3 appear ( xuất hiện )

4 arrange ( sắp xếp )

5 ask ( hỏi , yêu cầu )

6 beg ( nài nỉ , van xin )

7 care ( chăm sóc )

8 claim (đòi hỏi , yêu cầu )

9 consent ( bằng lòng )

10.decide ( quyết định )

11.demand ( yêu cầu )

12.deserve ( xứng đấng )

13.expect ( mong đợi )

14.fail ( thất bại )

15.hesitate (do dự )

16.hope (hi vọng )

17.learn ( học )

18.manage (sắp xếp )

19.mean (ý định )

20.need ( cần )

21.offer (đề nghị )

22.plan ( lên kế hoạch )

23.prepare ( chuẩn bị )

24.pretend ( giả vờ )

25.promise ( hứa )

26.refuse ( từ chối )

27.seem ( dường như )

28.struggle (đấu tranh )

29.swear ( xin thề )

30.threaten (đe doạ )

31.volunteer ( tình nguyện )

32.wait (đợi )

33.want ( muốn )

34.wish ( mong )

Ex : We agree to start early

1 advise (khuyên ) + O + TO - V1

2 allow ( cho phép )

3 ask ( yêu cầu )

4 beg ( van xin )

5 cause ( gây ra )

6 challenge ( thách thức )

7 convince ( thuyết phục )

8 dare ( dám )

9 encourage ( khuyến khích )

10.expect ( mong đợi )

11.forbid ( cấm )

12.force ( buộc )

13.hire ( thuê )

14.instruct ( hướng dẫn )

15.invite ( mời )

16.need ( cần )

17.order ( ra lệnh )

18.permit ( cho phép )

19.persuade ( thuyết phục )

20.remind ( nhắc nhở )

21.require (đò hỏi )

22.teach ( dạy )

23.tell( bảo )

24.urge ( thúc giục )

25.want ( muốn )

26.warn ( báo trước )

Ex: She allowed me to use her car

41.TO GO + V-ING

Ex: We should avoid playin g with him

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into a correct form

1 You are expected (know)… to know…… the safety regulations of the college

To expect somebody to do sth: mong đợi ai làm gì đó

To be expected to know sth: được mong đợi biết điều gì đó

2 He decided (disguise)………to disguise…… himself by (dress)……dressing……

as a woman

To decide to do sth: quyết định làm gì

To decide to disguise: quyết định hóa trang

3 I am prepared (wait)…to wait ……… here all night if necessary

To be prepared to do sth= to be ready to do sth: sẵn sàng làm gì

4 Would you mind (show)……showing…… me how (work)……to work … the lift?

How to do sth: cách để làm gì

5 After (walk)……walking …… for three hours we stopped to let the others (catch up) ………catch up…………with us

To let + sb + bare verb = to allow sb to do sth: cho phép/để ai làm gì

To make sb + bare verb = to force sb to do sth: bắt ai làm gì

6 I am beginning (understand)……… to understand / understanding……… what you mean

To begin/to start/to commence + Ving/ To V: bắt đầu làm gì

7 He was fined for (exceed) ……exceeding………the speed limit

( Anh ấy bị phạt vì vượt quá giới hạn tốc độ)

8 The boys like (play)……playing…… games but hate (do)……doing… …… lessons

Like/love/hate/dislike + Ving: thích làm gì như 1 thói quen ổn định

Like/love/hate/dislike + To V: thích làm gì trong 1 tình huống nhất thời

9 I regret (inform)……to inform ….you that your application has been refused

10 My mother gets used to ……getting…………… (get) up early in the morning

To get used/ accustomed to Ving: dần quen với việc gì

11 Mrs Jones: I don’t allow (smoke)…smoking………… in my drawing – room Mrs

Smith: I don’t allow my family (smoke)……to smoke ……… at all

To allow/ To permit + Ving: cho phép việc gì

To forbid + Ving: cấm việc gì

To allow/ To permit + Sb + to V: cho phép ai làm gì

To forbid + Sb + to V: cấm ai làm gì

12 I consider you (be)………to be……… my best friend

To consider + Sb + to be……: coi ai là…………

To consider Ving: xem xét việc gì

13 Have you ever considered (travel)……traveling… ………around the world

14 He recommended me (go) …to go ……… to bed early

To recommend Sb to V: khuyên ai làm gì

To recommend Ving: đề nghị, đề xuất việc gì

15 I wouldn’t recommend you (stay)……to stay… ………at that hotel

16 I recommended (repair)……repairing……… the car

17 He recommended (wait)…waiting ………….for him some more minutes

18 We recommended (turn)……turning ………… the radio off

19 They required him (fill) …to fill… …………in the form

To require Sb to V: Yêu cầu ai làm gì = To ask/ to demand Sb to V

To require Ving = To need Ving = To need to be done: Cần được làm gì

20 The floor requires (clean)…cleaning… ……

21 He surprised us all by (go) …going….away without (say)…saying… ‘Good-bye”

22 Please go on (write)…writing …………; I don’t mind (wait)……waiting ………

To go on + Ving: tiếp tục làm gì

23 He wore dark glasses (avoid)……to avoid (recognize) …being recognized

24 I tried (persuade)…to persuade ………… him (agree)……to agree……… with your proposal

25 Your windows need (clean)…cleaning ……….; would you like me (do)…to do…… them for you?

Like có thể cộng với 1 Ving với í thích như 1 thói quen

Nhưng: “Would like + to V/ Sb to do sth”:thích làm gì/ thích ai đó làm gì

26 I can’t help (sneeze)…sneezing…………; I caught a cold yesterday from (sit)

…sitting……… in a draught

Can’t help Ving: không thể dừng/ không thể không làm gì

Draught (n): luồng gió ở trong phòng

27 Do stop (talk)……talking…… ; I am trying (finish)… to finish…… a letter.

28 His doctor advised him (give up) ……to give up…… (smoke)….smoking…….

To advise Sb to do sth: khuyên ai làm gì

To advise Sb not to do sth: khuyên ai đừng làm gì

29 My watch keeps (stop)…stopping……… That’s because you keep (forget)…

forgetting …… (wind) …to wind……… it.

To keep + Ving: liên tục làm gì đó

To wind (v): lên dây cót đồng hồ

30 Without (realize)……realizing……… it, he hindered us instead of (help)…

helping……… us.

Hinder (v): cản trở

31 He hates (answer)…answering……… the phone, and very often just lets it

(ring)……ring… (cứ để mặc nó kêu)

32 If you go on (let)……letting……… youg dog (chase) …chase…… cars he’ll end

by (be) ……being……run over.

To chase : rượt đuổi theo

To be run over: bị cán lên

33 I prefer (drive)……driving…… to (be driven)……being driven…………

To prefer doing to doing: thích làm gì hơn làm gì

34 I advise you (start)…to start……… (look)……to look/looking……… for a flat

at once

35 (Lie)… Lying………… on this beach is much more pleasant than (sit)…

sitting…… in the office.

36 She likes her children (go)…to go………… to a dentist every six months.

To like Sb to V = To want Sb to V

37 An instructor is coming (show) …to show……… us how (use)…to use…………

the printer

38 I have no intention of (go)……going…… to that film; I couldn’t bear (see)

……seeing…… my favourite actress in such a dreadful part.

Can’t bear Ving: không thể chịu đựng được

Dreadful (a): khủng khiếp, dễ sợ

39 I suggest (telephone)…telephoning………… the hospitals before (ask)……

asking……… the police (look)………to look……… for him.

To suggest Ving: đề nghị làm việc gì

40 After (hear)……hearing……… the conditions I decided (not enter)……not to

enter……… for the competition.

To decide not to enter for N: quyết định không đăng kí tham dự

41 Some people seem (have)…to have……… a passion for (write)…

writing……… to the newspapers.

42 I tried (pacify)…to pacify………… him but he refused (be pacified)……to be

pacified……… and went on (grumble)……grumbling………

Pacify (v): give comfort to: an ủi

Grumble (v): cằn nhằn, phàn nàn

To refuse to V: từ chối làm gì

To try to V: cố gắng làm gì

To try Ving: thử làm gì

43 He postponed (make)…making……… a decision till it was too late (do )………to

do…… anything.

To postpone Ving: trì hoãn làm việc gì

It is + too + adj + to V: … quá ……… để làm gì……….

It is + adj + enough + to V: … đủ……… để làm gì……….

44 Imagine (have)…having… (get up)……to get up…… at five a.m every day!

To imagineVing: tưởng tượng làm việc gì

To have to V: phải làm gì

At + giờ: vào lúc mấy giờ

45 I have never imaged him (be)…being………so rude.

Tôi chưa bao giờ tưởng tượng anh ta lại thô lỗ đến vậy

To imagine + O + Ving

46 Try (forget)…to forget… it It isn’t worth (worry)…being worried…about.

It is worth Ving: đáng để làm gì

47 There is no point in (remain) …remaining… in a dangerous place if you can’t

do anything (help)…to help…… the people who have (stay) …to stay… there.

There is no point in Ving: vô ích làm gì

It is no use/good Ving: vô ích làm gì

48 The horse won’t be well enough (run)…to run……….in tomorrow’s race He doesn’t seem (have recovered)…to have recovered…….from his long journey.

49 At first I enjoyed (listen)……listening………… to him but after a while I got tired of (hear) ……hearing………the same story again and again.

To get tired of Ving: bắt đầu dần chán làm gì

50 It is usually easier (learn)……to learn……… a subject by (read)……

reading……… books than by (listen)………listening……… to lectures.

51 It’s not much use (have)……having… a bicycle if you don’t know how (ride)…

to ride…… it.

52 He didn’t dare (leave)…to leave………… the house because he was afraid of (meet)…meeting…… someone who might (recognize)……recognize……… him.

To dare to V: dám làm gì

Might = may= can + bare verb: có thể làm gì

53 I distinctly remember (pay)…paying……… him I gave him £2.

(Tôi rõ ràng nhớ là đã trả tiền cho anh ta.)

54 - Did you remember (give)…to give……… him the key of the safe?

- No, I didn’t I’ll go and do it now

55 He offered (lend)……to lend…… me the money I didn’t like (take)……to

take…… it but I had no alternative.

to offer to V: đề nghị được làm gì

to like to V: thích lammmf gì trong 1 tình huống cụ thể

alternative (n)= choice: sự lựa chọn

56 Do you remember (hear)……hearing……… the bombs (drop)….drop…? No, in the last war I was too young (realize)….to realize…… what was happening.

To hear/to see/to feel/ to watch (quan sát)/ to notice (để ý thấy)/ to observe (quan sát thấy) + O + bare V:

Nghe thấy/ nhìn thấy/cảm thấy/ quan sát thấy/ để ý thấy ai đó làm gì (chỉ 1 cách trọn vẹn

sự việc)

Vd: I heard Mai play the piano (Tôi đã nghe trọn vẹn cuộc biểu diễn của Mai)

To hear/to see/to watch (quan sát)/ to notice (để ý thấy)/ to observe (quan sát thấy) + O + Ving: Nghe thấy/ nhìn thấy/ quan sát thấy/ để ý thấy ai đó làm gì (nhưng chỉ 1 phần của sự

việc, chúng ta thường hay dịch là “đang”)

Vd: I heard Mai playing the piano (Tôi nghe thấy Mai đang chơi piano, có thể cô ấy đã chơi từ trước đó rồi và tôi đi ngang qua thì nghe thấy)

57 - Did you remember (book)…to book…… seats for the theatre tomorrow?

- Yes, I have the tickets here Would you like (keep) …to keep………….them?

I am inclined (lose)…to lose……… theatre tickets

To book : đặt (vé, chỗ ngồi…)

Khác với “like” có thể cộng với To V hoặc Ving, “Would like” chỉ có thể đi với To V, và

có nghĩa là : thích làm gì

To be inclined to V= To be likely to V: có thiên hướng, có xu hướng làm gì

Vd: It is likely to rain (Trời có khả năng sắp mưa)

58 Try (avoid) …to avoid……… (be)………being… late He hates (be)……being… kept (wait)…waiting……

To keep Sb Ving: bắt ai làm gì

59 I didn’t know how (get) …to get to your house so I stopped (ask)… to ask

… the way

60 I wish my refrigerator would stop (make)…making……… that horrible noise You can’t hear anyone (speak)…speak………

61 Did you remember (lock)……to lock……… the door?

No I didn’t I’d better (go)……go…… back and (do)……do…… it now.

Các động từ khuyết thiếu Had better = should = ought to + bare V: nên làm gì

62 You still have a lot (learn)……to learn…… if you’ll forgive my (say)……

saying…… so.

63 It’s no use (try)……trying…… (interrupt) …to interrupt…………him You’ll have (wait)……to wait …… till he stops (talk)…talking……….

(Thật là vô ích cố gắng ngắt lời anh ta Bạn sẽ phải chờ tới nhi nào anh ta dừng nói.)

64 I’m very sorry for (be)… being…… late It was good of you (wait)……to

wait… for me

65 Do you feel like (go)…going… to a film or would you rather (stay)……stay

…….at home?

To feel like Ving: thích làm gì

Would rather + Bare V + than + Bare V : thích làm gì hơn làm gì

66 He took to (play)…playing……… football.

To take to Ving: bắt đầu nghiện làm gì

67 You’ll never regret (do) …doing……… a kind action.

68 He annoyed me very much by (take)……taking……… the piece of cake that

I was keeping (eat) …to eat……….after my supper.

I often keep a cake to eat after dinner: Tôi thường giữ 1 cái bánh để ăn sau bữa tối

69 He kept (ring)……ringing…… up and (ask)…asking……… for an explanation and she didn’t know what (do)…to do… about him.

To keep Ving: liên tục/không ngừng làm gì

70 He made me (repeat)……repeat …… his instructions (make)……to make… sure that I understood what I was (do)……to do…… after he had gone.

To make Sb V: bắt ai làm gì = To force Sb to V

To make sure that…: đảm bảo chắc chắn rằng…

What I was to do: cái gì mà tôi sắp/sẽ phải làm

71 I suggest (leave)……leaving… the car here and (send) ……sending………a van (tow)……to t ow …… it to the garage.

Van : xe tải

To tow: kéo

To suggest Ving: đề nghị làm việc gì

72 She apologized for (borrow)……borrowing… my sewing-machine without (ask)…asking… permission and promised never (do)…to do……… it again.

73 I didn’t mean (offend)…to offend…… anyone but somehow I succeeded in (annoy)……annoying……… them all.

To mean to V: cố í làm gì

To mean + Ving: có nghĩa là làm gì

Vd: Living means trying (sống có nghĩa là cố gắng)

74 We decided (buy)………to buy……… a new car.

75 They've got some work (do)…to do……….

76 He'd like (fly) …fly……….an aeroplane.

77 I enjoy (write)…writing ………… picture postcards.

78 Do you know what (do)……to do……… if there's a fire in the shop?

79 I dream about (build) …building……… a big house.

80 I'm hoping (see)……to see………… Lisa.

81 I can't imagine Peter (go) …going………… by bike.

82 The question is easy (answer)……to answer ………

Thông thường thì It is + adj+ to V

83 Are you thinking of (visit) …visting……… London?

84 The teacher expected Sarah (study) ………to study……….hard

To expect Sb to V: mong chờ ai làm gì

85 I learned (ride) …to ride………the bike at the age of 5

86 He spent all his morning (repair)……repairing……… his bike.

To spent (dùng) / to waste (lãng phí) + time/money +Ving

87 Rachel accused Tony of (steal)……stealing………… her laptop

To accuse Sb of Ving: kết tội ai làm gì

88 The students ought to (learn)……learn………harder.

89 If she catches you (read)……reading………… her diary, she’ll be furious.

To catch/to find/to leave + O + Ving: bắt được/thấy/rời lại ai làm gì

Vd: I left her talking to her mother

90 Peter denied (break)……breaking………….the windows.

To deny Ving: từ chối làm gì

91 When the painter felt the ladder……beginning……… (begin) to slip, he

grabbed the gutter to save him from……falling………(fall)

(cảm thấy cái thang đang bắt đầu trượt)

92 ……Knowing……….(know) that he was poor, I offered to pay his fare.

93 …Seeing ………(see) photographs of the place, I had no desire to go

there

94 The police accused him of ………setting……… (set) fire to the building but

he denied …being……… (be) in the area on the night of the fire.

95 I noticed a lorry…………coming………… (come) down the hill.

96 I observed a blue car …………driving…………(drive) very fast towards the

motorways

97 I hate………seeing ………… (see) a child ………cry…….(cry).

98 I caught him……climbing……… (climb) over my wall.

99 They left the restaurant, after ……spending…(spend) two hours over lunch.

100 I saw a man’s hat ……floating……… (float) in the river this morning.

(thấy 1 cái mũ của đàn ông đang trôi nổi trên sông)

101 The police noticed the robbers ………leaving………(leave) the bank.

102 I never hear my close friend, Hai……swear ……….(swear).

103 We are made …to work ……… (work) very hard by the new boss.

To be made to V: bị bắt buộc làm gì