Khóa luận tốt nghiệp a survey on the reality of using smartphone in learning english within third year english majored studentts at vietnam national university of agriculture

VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES BA THESIS A SURVEY ON THE REALITY OF USING SMARTPHONE IN LEARNING ENGLISH WITHIN THIRD-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORED STUDENTS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG ĐIỆN THOẠI THÔNG MINH TRONG HỌC TIẾNG ANH CỦA SINH VIÊN NĂM BA NGÀNH NGÔN NGỮ ANH TẠI HỌC VIỆN NÔNG NGHIỆP VIỆT NAM Student : PHAN THI HONG THAI Student code : 621235 Major : ENGLISH LINGUITICS Supervisor : NGUYEN TAT THANG, PH D NGHIEM HONG NGAN, M.A Hanoi – 2021 VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES BA THESIS A SURVEY ON THE REALITY OF USING SMARTPHONE IN LEARNING ENGLISH WITHIN THIRD-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORED STUDENTS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG ĐIỆN THOẠI THÔNG MINH TRONG HỌC TIẾNG ANH CỦA SINH VIÊN NĂM BA NGÀNH NGÔN NGỮ ANH TẠI HỌC VIỆN NÔNG NGHIỆP VIỆT NAM Student : PHAN THI HONG THAI Student code : 621235 Major : ENGLISH LINGUITICS Supervisor : NGUYEN TAT THANG PH D NGHIEM HONG NGAN M.A Hanoi – 2021 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled A SURVEY ON THE REALITY OF USING SMARTPHONE IN LEARNING ENGLISH WITHIN THIRD-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORED STUDENTS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2021 Thai Phan Thi Hong Thai Approved by SUPERVISOR (Signature and full name) Date: …………………… i TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY i TABLE OF CONTENTS ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv ABSTRACT v LIST OF ABBREVIATION vi LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES vii Part 1: INTRODUCTION 1 RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS (IN FORM OF QUESTIONS) SCOPE OF THE STUDY SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY DESIGN OF THE STUDY Part 2: DEVELOPMENT Chapter 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 REVIEW OF PREVIOUS STUDIES (AT HOME/ABROAD) 1.1.1 Smartphones usage by college students 1.1.2 Using smartphones in learning English 1.2 REVIEW OF THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 10 1.2.1 The Concept of Mobile Learning 10 1.2.2 Smartphones overview 11 1.3 SUMMARY 17 Chapter 2: METHODOLOGY 18 2.1 RESEARCH GOVERNING ORIENTATION 18 2.2 RESEARCH METHODS 18 2.2.1 Research methodology 18 ii 2.2.2 Research setting/context and participants selection 18 2.2.3 Data collection and analysis 19 2.3 SUMMARY 22 Chapter 3: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 23 3.1 THE CURRENT STUDENT' USE OF SMARTPHONES IN LEARNING ENGLISH 23 3.2 THE EFFECTIVE METHODS WHEN USING SMARTPHONES FOR LEARNING ENGLISH 28 3.3 EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING SMARTPHONES IN LEARNING ENGLISH 32 3.4 SUMMARY 33 Part 3: CONCLUSION 34 RECAPITULATION 34 CONCLUDING REMARKS 35 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 36 RECOMMENDATIONS/SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY 36 REFERENCES 37 APPENDIX 42 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to the teachers of the Faculty of Education and Foreign Languages at Vietnam National University of Agriculture, who have directly taught and expanded my knowledge throughout my university education I would like to express my gratitude to you for your patience and understanding over the last four years Especially, I would like to express my sincere thanks to my research supervisors, Mr Nguyen Tat Thang and Ms Nghiem Hong Ngan Without their assistance and dedicated involvement in every step during my study’s process, this paper would have never been accomplished I would also like to thank 120 third-year English students at Vietnam National University of Agriculture They kindly assisted me with the statistical analysis in this dissertation Finally, I must express my very profound gratitude to my family and my friends for providing me with unfailing support and continuous encouragement in the past years Every time I was ready to quit, you are always by my side and gave me the best advice, and for that I will be eternally grateful This thesis stands as a testament to your unconditional love My thesis would also inevitably has shortcomings due to my limited knowledge and professional qualified capacity I look forward to hearing suggestions from teachers and everyone else to help me improve iv ABSTRACT Smartphones act as an effective tool to learn English in the Covid-19 pandemic where a user can: take part in online learning program, find information from many resources freely available on the Internet, use English applications etc as well as take part in entertainment activities The aim of this study was to investigate the reality of using smartphone in learning English It not only evaluates the current student' use of smartphones in learning English but also suggests some effective method applied in students’ mobile phones for the purposes of learning English To complete this study, the researcher collected survey’s data by using Google Forms The authors designed an online questionnaire and delivered it to students, and then student's responses were collected and analyzed in Google spreadsheet and Microsoft Excel There are 120 representatives from five classes, who are third-year English majored students at VNUA located in Viet Nam took part in the survey In order to increase the accuracy and objectivity of the research findings, besides using a questionnaire about the use of phones for students' English learning purposes, the face to face interviews for the subset of students also were conducted with the relevant conclusions drawn Main findings of the study show that: 100% of participants own a smartphone and more than 90% of all students use mobile phones to study every day The participants pointed out smartphone is an English learning essential tool for them In addition, participants also indicated that they often use their smartphones to learn English such as using the dictionary, taking online courses, etc The issue of using smartphone in the process of university study as an educational tool was investigated and proposed to potentially expand a new teaching method in the education system v LIST OF ABBREVIATION Abbreviations Meaning 3G Third-generation technology 4G Fourth-generation technology Apps Applications BBC British Broadcasting Corporation E-book Electronic book Gbps Gigabits per second GPS Global positioning system LANs Local Area Networks LLT Language Learning & Technology LTE Long Term Evolution Mbps Megabits per second M-learning Mobile learning N, n Number OS Operating system PCs Personal Communication Services PDAs Personal digital assistants TNS Tactical Navigation System UK United Kingdom U.S United states VOA Voice of America VNUA Viet Nam National University of Agriculture Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity vi LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 1.2 English proficiency level 19 Figure 1.2 Gender Distributions 19 Figure 2.2 Smartphone usage 23 Figure 3.2 Daily smartphone use (hour) 24 Figure 4.2 Percentage of types of activity 25 Figure 5.2 Using smartphone to learn English 26 Figure 6.2 Daily use smartphone for study English (hour) 26 Figure 7.2 English skills 27 Figure 8.2 Effective English learning methods 28 Figure 9.2 English Applications 29 Figure 10.2 English Learning Apps 30 Figure 11.2 Improve Four basic skill rate 31 Figure 12.2 Effective of learning English on smartphone Error! Bookmark not defined Figure 13.2 Advantages of learning English on smartphone Error! Bookmark not defined vii Part 1: INTRODUCTION RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY Recent developments in mobile technologies have produced a new kind of device: a programmable mobile phone, the smartphone (JM Raento, A Oulasvirta, and N Eagle, 2009) The smart phone represents the current pinnacle of mobile phone development, coupling phone capabilities with the additional functionalities of a PDA (Lusekelo Kibona and Juma Mdimu Rugina,2015) Unlike a feature phone, smartphone can store a vast amount of information and keeps users connected through messaging services, email, video calls and social networking apps, in addition to standard text messaging and phone calls A smartphone functions as a handheld portable PC for accessing and browsing the web In a research, Amy Herbert (2011) said that “Smartphones act as mobile entertainment units where a user can: watch videos, listen to music, update blogs, as well as audio and video blogging Most importantly with a smartphone one can access web 2.0, exactly like you the web you would use on the internet.” According to the Vietnam Digital Advertising Market Report 2019 that has just been released by Adsota, Vietnam currently has 43.7 million people using smartphone devices, accounting for 44.9% of the total population of 97.4 million people These figures have propelled Vietnam into the top 15 smartphone markets in the world, together with many developed countries such as the United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, and other Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia The number of smartphone users in Vietnam is rapidly increasing, with the launch of many other low-cost smartphones from a multitude of options Smartphones are also playing an increasingly important role and have become inseparable parts of Vietnamese people's daily lives In addition to the benefits of connecting and sharing information, smartphones also participate in supporting learning and teaching in education As indicated by Vietnamese’s learner: TFLAT dictionary and ELSA Speak TFLAT dictionary is English-Vietnamese dictionary with standard pronunciation, used offline In addition to the word lookup feature, the software includes a number of practice programs and vocabulary exercises that are appropriate for beginners and will help users learn basic English more quickly ELSA Speak is the best application in the world for learning to speak English fluently like a native speaker in a more efficient, easier, and cost-effective manner In short, participants have downloaded and used many English learning applications on smartphones Question 8: How you assess the effectiveness of the above methods (in question 7) Participants were asked about the effectiveness of the above methods (learn from many resources freely available, learn through watching movies, listening to music, and use English applications, take part in online English language courses, make friends with native English speaker in group chat, social media apps etc learn from news programs such as BBC, VOA etc.) in improving four basic skills The average value obtained is moderate with listening skill (mean=3,58), reading skill (mean=3.53) and speaking skill (mean=3,52), writing skill (mean=3,49) The following chart is a summary of the responses given by the students Figure 11.2 Improve Four basic skill rate 31 3.3 EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING SMARTPHONES IN LEARNING ENGLISH Question 11: Do you find learning English on smartphone effective? This question aims to determine the students' assessment of the effectiveness of using smartphones in learning English More than 58% of participants agreed that learning English on smartphones is effective Another significant number is 26% strongly agreed There were 11% neutral, just only 3% disagree and 2% strongly disagree (see on Figure 12.2) Most interview participants agreed that smartphones are effective, one of them said “Yes, it’s fast and flexible” Figure 12.2 Effective of learning English on smartphone Question 12: What you think about the advantages of learning English on smartphone? Participants were asked about the advantages of learning English on smartphones Most participants agreed with the advantages learning English on smartphone such as convenience, easy to use to learn all the times (mean=3,78), saving money/ education cost (mean=3,74), plentiful of available study materials (mean=3,81), bring high efficiency (mean=3,58), easily exchange assignments with teachers and friends (mean=3,64) (see on Figure 13.2 below) 32 Figure 13.2 Advantages of learning English on smartphone 3.4 SUMMARY In this chapter, three major points of the results of the survey are analyzed and evaluated Firstly, a general survey of statistics was described related to using smartphones in English language learning Secondly, the questionnaire results are used to investigate what effective methods students use on their smartphones for English language learning, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of those methods in English language learning Finally, the participants assessed the efficiency of using smartphones for English learning 33 Part 3: CONCLUSION RECAPITULATION The smartphone has grown in popularity due to its ability to aid highquality communication while also being portable, creative, user-friendly, and highly customizable Pedagogically, the smartphone has the added benefit of allowing students to use a variety of apps to create and review learning content from any location and at any time that is convenient for colleagues (Sharples, 2013) This research aimed to investigate the reality of using smartphone in learning English This study found out answers to two research questions Firstly, what is the current situation of using smartphones in learning English of third-year English majored students at VNUA? And secondly, what are some effective methods when using smartphones for learning English language? The participants of this study were 120 third-year English majored students at VNUA, Vietnam The study was carried out in six weeks, at semester two, 2020-2021 The study consists of several parts as follows: Part 1, Introduction presents a brief introduction of the aims of the study, research questions, the scope of the study, the significance and the outline of the study Part 2, Development related Literature Review, Methodology, Findings and Discussion Part 3, Conclusion This is a survey study with a combination of both quantitative (questionnaires) and qualitative (interview) approach An online survey method was employed in the study The findings of this study are divided into three main points: Firstly, smartphones are widely used for English learning within third-year English majored students at VNUA in Vietnam Secondly, there are many effective methods to learn English on smartphones Finally, using smartphone for learning English is effective In conclusion, Smartphones are a useful tool to facilitate English learning 34 CONCLUDING REMARKS Smartphones are popular technological tools with a lot of potential for assisting with language learning They are easily accessible (cheap), highly portable for learning at any time and from any location, and customizable Therefore, this study attempted to analyze the reality of using smartphones in learning English within third-year English majored students at Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Vietnam Based on the result of data analysis, the following important conclusions are made: Smart-phone is considered an essential device for students, especially in learning English: Smartphone is used by all participants, and they spend an average of five hours per day on their smartphone with activities such as browsing social media sites (Facebook, Messenger, Instagram, as well as a variety of other applications), surfing the internet like shopping online, playing game, watching youtube, learning through education apps such as Microsoft Teams, Duolingo, e-books, using their smartphones for creative activities Furthermore, participants stated that they usually spend thirty minutes to one hour studying English on their smartphones, primarily to improve their listening skills There are many effective methods when using smartphones for learning English: Survey’s result also suggested some effective methods when using smartphones for learning English Most of the students indicated that they learn from many resources freely available, watching movies, listening to music and using English applications Besides that, they also take part in online English language courses and make friends with native English speakers in group chat, social media apps etc Other students learned from news programs Using smartphones brings effectiveness to study English: The effectiveness of using smartphones in learning English is evaluated Most of the participants pointed out that learning English on smartphone is effective They 35 also agreed with the advantages of learning English on smartphones such as: smartphones are easy to use to learn all the time, saving education cost, plentiful available study materials, bring high efficiency, and it’s also easy to exchange assignments with teachers and friends Based on the data presented above, the research findings provide some evidence that Smartphones clearly have a significant impact on students' English learning Most participants assumed that smartphones are an important tool for learning English LIMITATION OF THE STUDY The research topic's scope includes investigating the actual situation of using smartphones to study, specifically the English learning of the third-year English students at the Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Vietnam Therefore, the research object and research scope are still limited Furthermore, due to the Covid-19 epidemic, the research was conducted almost entirely online such as questionnaires on Google Forms and online interviews via Facebook Messenger As a result, the research findings will be overwhelmed RECOMMENDATIONS/SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY Future research must be conducted in other areas with a wider scope and with different target groups in order to reach more general conclusions Consequently, researchers must delve deeper into other types of online learning, as well as new learning and teaching models which use mobile devices and smartphones This will help to clarify the role while also demonstrating that smartphones have become an indispensable tool in educational institutions 36 REFERENCES Almalki, S (2016) Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Data in Mixed Methods Research-Challenges and Benefits Journal of education and learning, 5(3), 288-296 Amy Herbert (2011) SmartPhones, and their impact on the workplace, education and social engagement Anderson, M (2015) Technology device ownership: 2015 Ataş, A H., & Çelik, B (2019) Smartphone use of university students: Patterns, 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What's your class? o K63ENGA o K63ENGB o K63ENGC o K63ENGD o K63ENGE Gender o Male o Female What is your English proficiency level? o A2 o B1 o B2 o C1 o C2 B Survey Questionnaires Here’s a list of the most important questions related to the use of smartphones in learning English Please complete all questions clearly and accurately Question 1: Do you use smartphone ? o YES o NO 42 Question 2: How many hours you usually use your smartphone a day? o Over 10 hours o >= hours o >=1 hours o < hours Question 3: What activities you often when using smartphone? (You can choose more than one answer)  Browsing Social networks (Facebook, messenger, zalo, instagram )  Increasing the Creativity (camera, ppts, lightroom )  Learning through Educational apps/website (Mteams, doulingo, e-book )  Surfing the Net for entertainment ( shopping online, game, youtube, )  Others Question 4: Do you use your smartphone to learn English? o Yes o No Question 5: How much time you spend on using smartphone for studying English everyday? o Over hours o hours to hours o 30 mins to hour o By no means Question 6: Which of the four basic English skills you usually spend a lot of time practicing on your smartphone? o Listening o Reading o Writing o Speaking 43 Question 7: In your opinion, what are some effictive methods when using smartphones for learning English? (You can choose more than one answer)  Use English applications  Make friends with native English speakers (group chat )  Use the dictionary  Take part in online English language courses  Learn from many resources freely available on the Internet( websites, newpapers, books, etc)  Learn from new programs( BBC, VOA, Anime, CNN, etc.)  Watching movies, listening to music  Others Question 8: How you assess the effectiveness of the above methods (your effective methods in question 7) ? Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Disagree Strongly Agree Improve Listening skill Improve speaking skill Improve reading skill Improve writing skill Question 9: Do you install any apps for learning English on your smartphone? o Yes o No Question 10: What are the English learning apps you often use on smartphone? (You can choose more than one answer)  Doulingo  VOA Learning English  ELSA Speak  TFLAT 44  Memrise  Oxford Dictionary  Others Question 11: Do you find learning English on smartphone effective? o Strongly Agree o Agree o Neutral o Disagree o Strongly Disagree Question 12: What you think about the advantages of learning English on smartphone? Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree Convenience Saving time/money Plentiful of available study materials High efficiency Exchanging information with other people (teachers, friends etc.) 45