English negation structures in the red and the black and their vietnamese translation equivalence

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS ENGLISH NEGATION STRUCTURES IN "THE RED AND THE BLACK" AND THEIR VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION EQUIVALENCE (Cấu trúc phủ định tiếng Anh tiểu thuyết “Đỏ Đen” tương đương tiếng Việt dịch) NGUYEN THI BICH VAN Hanoi - 2021 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS ENGLISH NEGATION STRUCTURES IN "THE RED AND THE BLACK" AND THEIR VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION EQUIVALENCE (Cấu trúc phủ định tiếng Anh tiểu thuyết “Đỏ Đen” tương đương tiếng Việt dịch) NGUYEN THI BICH VAN Field: English Language Code: 8.22.02.01 Supervisor: Nguyen Dang Suu Hanoi - 2021 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled ENGLISH NEGATION STRUCTURES WITH THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS IN THE NOVEL "THE RED AND THE BLACK" AND ITS VIETNAMESE TRANSLATED VERSION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person‘s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2021 Nguyen Thi Bich Van Approved by SUPERVISOR Assoc Prof Dr Nguyễn Đăng Sửu Date:…………………… i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis could not have been completed without the help and support from a number of people First and foremost, I would like to take this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude to my academic supervisor, Assoc Prof Dr Nguyen Dang Suu for his conscientious guidance, helpful suggestions, constructive feedback and invaluable encouragement in the writing of this thesis Without his professional supervision, my study would not have been completed A special word of thanks goes to all the lecturers at English Faculty at Hanoi Open University and many others, without their support and encouragement it would never have been possible for me to have this thesis accomplished Last but not least, my wholehearted appreciation goes to my beloved husband and my family for their love, understanding, encouragement and support to help me complete this study They are the power to help me overcome any difficulties while this thesis was carried out ii ABSTRACT This study is to further the syntactic features of negative statements and questions in English and Vietnamese so that the users and students of English will have an overrall look at negative statements and questions of both English and Vietnamese In English, especially in the literary works, negative sentences account for a large proportion Much attention has been paid to the patterns and meanings of negative sentences However, there has no study of negation in literal work based on "The Red and The Black" so far So, my study aims at pointing out the differences and the similarities of syntactic features between English and Vietnamese negations and analyzing the negative statements and questions from the English novel "The Red and The Black" by Standhal and the Vietnamese equivalents in the translated version by Đoàn Phú Tứ The main methods used in the study are the discriptive and contrastive The thesis delivers the structures and the use of English negative statements and questions, the similarities and differences between the two languages The results of the study may help students get knowledge of negation and negative sentences in English Practically, the results will help students use negative statements and questions in English and Vietnamese effectively The results of the study will be somewhat a reference to teachers of English and useful for those who are learning English as a second language iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A: adverbial Adj: adjective Aux: auxilary C: complement Inf: infinitive N: Noun NP: noun phrase O: object Pr: predicate S: subject V: verb iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 3.1 The frenquency of using modal verbs with "not" in negative 31 sentences in the novel Figure 3.1 The frequency using "not" in different parts in the sentence 32 Figure 3.2 The frequency of using "no" in different parts in the sentence 33 Figure 3.3 The frequency of using negators in translated version 38 Table 3.2 Negative structures in the source language text and the targer 37 source one Table 3.3 Equivalent negative structures as predicate negation, subject negation, clausal negation and adverb negation v 42 TABLE OF CONTENTS Certificate of originality i Acknowledgements ii Abstract iii List of abbreviations iv List of tables and figures v Table of contents vi Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Methods of the study 1.5 Scope of the study 1.6 Significance of the study 1.7 Structure of the study Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Previous studies 2.2 Theoretical background 2.2.1 Concept of sentence 2.2.2 Overview of negation 2.2.3 Characteristics of negation 2.2.4.1 Scope of negation 11 2.2.4.2 Focus of negation 13 2.2.5 The different forms of negation 15 2.2.6 Three types of negation 16 2.2.7 Double of negation 21 2.2.8 The meaning of negation 24 vi 2.2.9 Negation under some linguists' viewpoint 21 2.2.10 Negation in Vietnamese 24 2.2.11 Brief information of the novel ―The Red and The Black‖ 25 2.2.12 Summary 27 Chapter 3: A COMPARISON BETWEEN IN ENGLISH NEGATION 28 STRUCTURES AND THEIR VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION EQUIVALENCE 3.1 Syntactic features of negative sentences in terms of the structures of 28 statements and questions in "The Red and The Black" and its translated version 3.1.1 Negative statements in the novel 28 3.1.1.1 Clause negation and local or constiuent negation 28 3.1.1.2 Total negation 29 3.1.2 The syntactic features of negative statements in the novel and its 30 Vietnamese - translated version 3.1.2.1 Subject negation in the novel 30 3.1.2.2 Predicate negation in the novel 34 3.1.2.3 Object negation in the novel 35 3.1.2.4 Complement negation in the novel 36 3.1.2.5 Adverbial negation 37 3.1.3 The syntactic features of negative questions in the novel and its translated 39 version 3.1.3.1 Negative Yes - No questions 39 3.1.3.2 Negative Wh-questions in the novel 40 3.1.3.3 Tag questions 40 3.2 Similarities and differences of syntactic features of negative statements and 41 questions in "The Red and The Black" and its translated version 3.2.1 Similarities 41 vii 3.2.2 Differences 44 3.3 Implication in using syntactic features of negative statements and questions 45 for Vietnamese learners of English 3.4 Summary of the chapter 46 Chapter 4: CONCLUSION 47 4.1 Recapitulation 47 4.2 Concluding remarks 47 4.3 Limitation of the research 48 4.4 Suggestion for further studies 49 REFERENCES (APA style) 50 APPENDIX 52 viii Tôi không muốn làm thằng 33 "I don't want to be a servant." 34 "No one's talking about being a Đồ súc vật, không bảo mày làm thằng ở, tao servant, you don't!" chịu tao à? 21 35 This horror of eating with the servants was not natural to Julien; he would have done far more distasteful things as a means to fortune Cho phải ăn với bọn người điều kinh tởm, ý nghĩ khơng phải tính tự nhiên Julien 22 36 He never put his faith in any Anh không tin other tác phẩm khác 22 37 At dusk Julien went off to have his theology lesson from the priest, but did not consider it wise to say anything to him about the strange proposal his father had received Sâm sẩm tối, Julien học thần học nhà ông cha xứ, anh cho đừng nên nói với ơng lời đề nghị mà người ta ngỏ với bố anh khơn 22 38 "That was your offer, I don't Hơm qua ngài có đề nghị số tiền đó, không chối cãi, lão deny it" said old Sorel Sorel nói 23 39 But he pulled himself together, and after a masterly dialogue lasting over two hours, in which no word was said at random, the peasant's shrewdness for his livelihood Nhưng ông trấn tĩnh lại, sau chuyện trị khơn khéo dài hai tiếng đồng hồ, khơng lời nói vu vơ, tinh ranh lão nhà quê thắng tinh ranh ông nhà giàu, vốn không cần tinh ranh để sống 23 40 He was adamant that he would Thế là, đến lượt ông de Rênal not hand over the first month's tiến tới Không đời ông pay of thirty-six francs to old chịu đưa số tiền hăm sáu quan 24 59 21 Sorel, who was most anxious to tháng đầu cho lão Sorel, lão sốt sắng để nhận receive it on his son's behalf thay 41 Eventually, seeing that there Sau cùng, thấy dứt khốt really was nothing more to be khơng cịn kiếm chác gianed, he took his leave nữa, lão cáo lui 24 42 Julien was astonished not to be Julien ngạc nhiên, không beaten, and left in haste bị đòn, vội vã cho mau 24 43 Julien was not the only person to Julien người feel deep agitation at his arrival mà trái tim bị rối loạn chuyện đến ngơi nhà in the house 28 44 With the lively and graceful demeanour which came naturally to her when she was not in company, M de Renal was coming out into the garden through the French window of the drawing - room when she noticed the figure of a young peasant standing by the front door Với dáng diệu linh hoạt uyển chuyển tự nhiên bà xa mắt bọn đàn ông, bà de Rênal đương bước ra, qua khung cửa bàn phịng khách mở vườn, bà trơng thấy, gần cổng vào, khuôn mặt anh nhà quê trẻ tuổi, gần cịn nít, sắc mặt tái mét; vừa khóc xong 29 45 Julien had never been spoken to gently by a person so well dressed - particularly a woman with such a dazzling complexion Julien chưa thấy người ăn mặc sang trọng người đàn bà có nước da lộng lẫy thế, ăn nói dịu dàng với anh 29 46 Whenever he had built castles in Trong tất mơ mộng the air in his youth, he had viển vông thời thơ ấu, anh always told himself that no real nghĩ bụng 30 60 lady would ever deign to speak anh có quân phục đẹp, to him until he had a fine bà sang trọng thèm nói chuyện với anh thơi uniform 47 In all her life, M de Renal had not been so deeply moved by a wholly pleasurable sensation; never had so charming an apparition come as a sequel to such alarming fears Trong đời bà de Rênal, chưa có cảm giác túy vui thích để làm bà xúc động sâu xa thế, chưa có hình ưu mỹ đến thế, cho nỗi e ngại lo lắng 31 48 So these lovely children of hers, the objects of her tender care, wouldn't fall into the hands of a dirty,ill - tempered priest Vậy đứa trẻ xinh đẹp kia, bà chăm sóc nâng niu hết mực, không rơi vào tay thầy tu bẩn thỉu gắt gỏng 31 49 She couldn't believe her eyes; it seemed to her that the tutor would surely be wearing a black suit Bà mắt trơng thấy mà lịng chưa tin, bà tưởng người gia sư phải mặc áo dài đen 31 50 The almost feminine cast of his features and his air of embarrassment did not appear at all ridiculous to a woman who was exessively shy herself Những nét mặt có hình dáng gần gái, ngượng ngập lúng túng anh khơng đáng cười, người đàn bà thân e lệ rụt rè 31 51 "I never went to secondary school, I was too poor I've never talked seriously to anyone apart from my cousin the army surgeon who's a member of the Tôi không học nhà trường, tơi nghèo q; tơi chưa nói chuyện với khác ngồi ơng anh họ [51] tơi thiếu tá qn y, có 32 61 Legion of Honour, and Father Bắc Đẩu Bội Tinh, ông cha Chélan our priest." xứ Chélan 52 "I'll never beat your children, Thưa bà, không madam; I swear before before đánh đập bà; xin God I won't." thề trước Chúa 33 53 "My wish is that you should have no further dealings with your family or friends, as their names are not fitting for my children." Tôi muốn từ ông đừng gặp họ mạc bạn bè nữa, lời ăn tiếng nói họ khơng thể thích hợp với 33 54 "No, my dear," she replied, Chưa, ạ, bà trả lời, vẻ looking deeply pensive trầm ngâm 33 55 Julien had no thoughts for her; despite all his mistrust of fate and of mankind, he was at the moment still only a child at heart Julien khơng nghĩ đến bà, anh nghi ngờ số mệnh người đời, tâm hồn anh lúc tâm hồn đứa trẻ thơ 34 56 "Sir," replied Julien, "I feel uncomfortable in these new clothes I'm only a poor peasant, and I've never worn anything but jackets With your permission, I'll go and retire to my room." Thưa ông, Julien trả lời, mặc quần áo thấy ngượng nghịu; anh nhà quê nghèo mặc tồn áo ngắn từ trước đến thơi; xin phép ông để rút lui buồng riêng 34 57 "I'm by no means as delighted as you are with this peasant lad Your attentions with give him ideas above his station, and you'll be obliged to dismiss him before the month is up Tôi không vui mừng ông cậu bé nhà quê đó, ông ân cần vồn vã thế, làm cho trở thành láo xược, không đầy tháng, ông bắt buộc phải tống cổ cho mà xem 34 62 58 This end could not have been Mục tiêu khơng đạt achieved if I had left Julien in Julien mặc workman's attire quần áo thợ thuyền 59 This scene earned Julien his title Cảnh làm cho Julien of sir: even the servants did not tranh thủ danh hiệu ông; đến bọn người dare withhold it from him nhà không dám từ chối anh danh hiệu 36 60 "No, sir," replied Julien coldly, Không, thưa ông, Julien lạnh "if you wanted to dismiss me, I lùng trả lời, ơng muốn đuổi đi, bắt buộc should be oblidged to leave phải 36 61 At the priest was on the bad terms with both M.de Reenal and M.Valenod, there was no one to betray Julien's former passion for Napoleon, and he never spoke of him but with horror Vì ơng cha xứ bất hịa với ơng de Rênal Valenod, nên khơng tiết lộ mối cuồng nhiệt cũ Julien Napoléon, nói đến Napoléon anh kinh tởm 36 62 The children adored him, but he did not like them at all: his mind was on other things Whatever the little rascals did, he never lost hispatience Lũ trẻ yêu quý anh, anh khơng u chúng; tâm tư anh cịn Những đứa trẻ có muốn làm gì, anh khơng nóng 37 63 Elisa, M de Renal chambermaid, had lost no time in falling in love with the young tutor, and she often confided in her mistress Élisa, chị hầu phòng bà de Rênal, đâm phải lòng chàng gia sư trẻ tuổi, chị ln ln nói chuyện đến anh với bà chủ 38 64 One day he overheard the man Cô không muốn nói chuyện saying to Elisa: "You won't với tơi nữa, từ anh gia speak to me any more, now that sư bẩn thỉu cáu ghét vào 38 63 his fifthy tutor is in the house" nhà 65 She could not help thinking to herself, every time she noticed how extremely clean the young abbé's admittedly simple attire was: "Poor boy, how does he manage?" Không trông thấy y tinh tươm, đơn giản, anh thầy tu trẻ tuổi, mà bà không tự hỏi: Anh chàng tội nghiệp kia, chả biết làm mà tinh tươm nhỉ? 39 66 She had no experience of life, Bà chả có chút kinh and did not cultivate nghiệm đời sống, conversation chẳng buồn nói 39 67 Until Julien arrived, she had not Khi Julien chưa đến, bà thực really taken any notice of để ý đến lũ anything except her children 39 68 Vulgarity and the most brutish insensitivity to anything that did not involve money, rank or orders of knighthood; a blind hatred of any argument that stood in their way - these seemed to her to be the natural attributes of the other six, like wearing boots and a felt hat Tính thơ bỉ, vơ tình phũ phàng tất khơng phải chuyện tài lợi, địa vị huân chương; thù ghét mù quáng tất cách lập luận trái ý họ, bà cho tự nhiên nam giới, việc giày ủng đội mũ 40 69 After all these years M de Renal was still not accustomed to the ways of these money - driven folk in those midst she had to live Đã năm rồi, mà bà de Rênal chưa quen với người lý tài mà bà phải sống bọn họ 40 70 "No, my dear," she replied; "call Không, ông bạn ạ, - bà trả lời the children, and we'll go for a anh; - ông gọi lũ trẻ, chúng 41 64 ta dạo chơi walk." 71 "It would serve no purpose", she Có lẽ, - bà cúi đầu nói tiếp, went on, lowering her head, "to ơng chả cần nói chuyện mention this to my husband." với nhà 42 72 "I'd be no better than a servant if I put myself in the position of hiding from M.de Renal anything whatsoever concerning my money." Tôi không tên đày tớ tự đặt vào phải giấu giếm ơng de Rênal có liên quan đến đồng tiền tơi 42 73 Never had he dared set foot in so Chưa anh dám vào profane a spot nơi phàm tục 43 74 "Now that's not a bad idea at Ý kiến đấy, ông de Rênal all," said M.de Renal, obviously nói, hiển nhiên vui mừng hết quite delighted." sức 45 75 "it would have to be laid down có lẽ phải thị rành mạch that the servant may not take out tên người nhà khơng any novels." lấy tiểu thuyết 45 76 In all his life he had never talked sincerely to anyone except the old army surgeon, and the few ideas he had were about Bonaparte's campaigns in Italy, or about surgery Từ xưa đến nay, anh chưa nói thành thực với ngồi ơng thiếu tá quân y già; dúm ý kiến mà anh cho liên quan đến chiến dịch Bonaparte Ý, hay liên quan đến khoa phẫu thuật 45 77 The first time M de Renal tried to have a conversation with him that did not concern her children's upbringing, he began to talk about surgical operations She turned pale and begged him to stop Lần mà bà de Rênal thử nói với anh câu chuyện trị ngồi chuyện dạy dỗ bà, anh nói chuyện mổ xẻ; bà xanh xám người xin anh 46 65 78 Julien's further no Ngồi ra, Julien chả biết 46 79 This worried her, for her Bà lấy làm lo ngại, linh tính feminine instinct told her that phụ nữ làm cho bà hiểu this embarrassment did not lúng túng khơng có spring from tenderness chút có tình 46 80 Protected by this ignorance, M de Renal went her way perfectly happy, with Julien constantly in her thoughts, and it never occured to her that she might have the slighest cause for selfreproach Nhờ ngây thơ đó, bà de Rênal, hồn tồn sung sướng, khơng lúc ngừng quan tâm đến Julien, mà tuyệt đối khơng tự trách tí 47 81 You mustn't take too dim a view Không nên dự trắc xấu of Julien's future prospects Julien 50 82 M de Renal was astonished that her chambermaid's new fortune did not make her any happier; she noticed how the girl was constantly visiting the priest, and coming back with tears in her eyes Bà de Rênal lấy làm ngạc nhiên giàu có chị hầu phịng khơng làm cho chị ta sung sướng lên; bà thấy chị ta luôn đến ơng cha xứ, trở nước mắt lưng tròng 50 83 Father Chelan couldn't overcome his reluctance; because, you see, Father Chelan thinks he shouldn't refuse an honest girl on the grounds she's been a chambermaid Cha xứ thuyết phục ông mà không được; cha xứ cho ơng khơng nên từ chối đứa gái lương thiện, lấy cớ làm hầu phịng 50 84 When she awoke, she did not bà tỉnh dậy, bà không thấy experience as strong a sense of lo sợ phải lo sợ alarm as she should have done knowledge went 66 85 "Each of these cursed walnuts costs me half an acre's worth of harvest," M de Renal would say whenever his wife admired them "Wheat won't grow in their shade." Mỗi hồ đào này, ơng de Rênal nói bà vợ đứng ngắm nghía đó, làm thiệt cho tơi nửa arpent [70] thu hoạch, lúa mì khơng mọc bóng râm 52 86 This at last provided M de Renal with a topic of conversation, and he was no longer condemned to suffer the terrible torture inflicted on him by moments of silence Thế bà de Rênal Julien có đề tài chuyện vãn, anh khơng cịn phải chịu cực hình ghê sợ giây phút im lặng 53 87 "You've never been so young, M de Renal," she was told by her friends from Verrieres who came to dine at Vergy Chưa bà trẻ đến này, thưa bà, bạn đàn ông bà Verrières đến ăn cơm khách Vergy nói với bà (Đó cách nói địa phương) 53 88 M Derville was much amused by what she called her cousin's wild ideas "I'd never think of that on my own," she would say Bà Derville cười nhiều bà ta gọi ý nghĩ điên rồ bà em họ: Những tơi, chả đời tơi nghĩ tới, bà nói 54 89 He lost no time in showing her the view from the far end of the new path under the great walnuts; it is indeed equal if not superior to the very finest that Switzerland or the Italian lakes can offer Anh vội vàng cho bà phong cảnh xem từ chỗ cuối đường mới, hồ đào đại thụ; thật, phong cảnh đẹp bằng, không tất cảnh đẹp nước Thụy Sĩ hồ nước Ý 54 67 90 At Vergy he had no such bitter memories, and for the first time in his life he found himself with no enemies Ở Vergy, anh khơng cịn thấy kỷ niệm cay đắng đó; lần đời, anh khơng thấy có kẻ thù 55 91 The effort which Julien had to Julien phải tự nén lòng mạnh make to control himself was too nên giọng nói anh lạc violent for his voice not to be hẳn profoundly afftected by it 57 92 Not quite knowing what he was Julien chẳng hiểu đương làm gì, lại nắm lấy tay about, Julien grasped it again bà lần 57 93 Happiness flooded over him; not that he was in love with M de Renal - it was just that a fearful torture had ceased Tâm hồn anh tràn ngập hạnh phúc, anh yêu bà de Rênal, cực hình kình khủng vừa chấm dứt 57 94 Nothing could be more ugly than this self - important man when he was out of temper and believed he was entitiled to show it Khơng có xấu người lên mặt oai vệ đó, lúc bực nghĩ có quyền tỏ nỗi bực 59 95 No sooner was lunch over than she asked Julien to give her his arm for a walk, and leaned on him in a gesture of friendliness Bữa ăn sáng vừa xong, bà yêu cầu Julien cho bà khoác tay để dạo, bà vịn vào anh cách thân 60 96 So! he said to himself I don't even get an income of five hundreds francs to finish my studies! Chao ôi! Anh nghĩ bụng, khơng có lấy năm trăm quan tiền niên kim để ta học hành đến nơi đến chốn 61 97 He demoralized look did not Vẻ ngao ngán bà, Julien pass unnoticed by Julien, who trông thấy, anh vội lợi dụng hastened to take advantage of it 62 68 98 No sooner was she relieved of the fear of being surprised by her husband than the horror instilled in her by box almost caused her to be well and truly taken ill Bà vừa thoát khỏi lo sợ bị chồng bắt chợt, nỗi rùng rợn hộp gần làm cho bà ngất hẳn hoi 62 99 He at least doesn't despise me Thằng bé chưa khinh yet, Julien thought bỉ ta, Julien nghĩ thầm 63 100 M de Renal had no sooner got over his fright than he inferred from the strange manner he observed the little peasant adopt that he was in possession of some advantageous offer from alsewhere, and that he was about to leave his service Ông de Rênal, vừa kịp hoàn hồn, nghĩ bụng thằng nhà quê nhãi ranh mà giở giọng thế, lưng có đám mời mọc hời bỏ ông 64 101 "That doesn't satisfy me, sir," Ông đừng tưởng nói Julien went on, quite beside xong với đâu, thưa ông himself with anger Julien xung đáp 64 102 "I didn't despise this animal enough," he said to himself This no doubt the greatest apology such a pretty mind is capable of Mình khinh bỉ quân súc vật đến mà cịn chưa đủ, anh nghĩ bụng Có lẽ tạ tội lớn mà tâm hồn đê tiện làm 65 103 There he goes, M.de.Renal said to himself, to give an answer to Valenod; he hasn't promised me anything, but I'll have to let the young hothead simmer down Thế trả lời lão Valenod đây, ông de Rênal nghĩ bụng, chưa hứa với ta cả, phải đầu óc niên 65 104 He did not want to get to Father Anh chưa muốn đến nhà 65 69 ông Chélan vội Chelan's immediately 105 One back in Vergy, Julien did Khi trở Vergy, Julien not go down to the garden until đến lúc tối mịt xuống night have fallen vườn 68 106 I'm not taking anything away Ta chả lấy ơng from him to give it to Julien để đem cho Julien 70 107 There was no hypocrisy there to taint the purity of this innoccent soul, led astray by a passion she had never experienced Khơng có tí giảo quyệt đến làm tổn thương trẻo lịng chất phác đó, bị lầm lạc mối tình say đắm chưa biết qua 108 She could not take her mind off pleasure of feeling Julien smothering her hand with ardent kisses Bà không nghĩ đến niềm hạnh phúc thấy Julien chi chít lên bàn tay bà hôn nồng cháy 71 109 She had no conception of such Bà vốn khơng có chút ý suffering, and it clouded her niệm nỗi đau đớn vậy, nên làm cho đầu reason óc bà rối loạn 71 110 M de Renal had no experience of life; even when fully awake and in complete command of her reasoning powers, she would not have perceived any gap between being guilty in the eyes of God, and being subjected in public to the rowdiest display of public scorn Bà de Rênal khơng có tí kinh nghiệm đời Ngay lúc tỉnh táo đầu óc hồn tồn minh mẫn, bà khơng thấy ly cách biệt có tội trước mặt Chúa nhục nhã trước công chúng biểu thị ồn lịng khinh bỉ thiên hạ 71 111 He had never shown any sign of Trước đó, chưa bà 70 being moved like this on her thấy anh xúc động account or her children's bà hay lũ bà 112 Julien, whose judgement was not clouded by any passion, soon found a way to show M de Renal how little he considered himself to be on terms of friendship with her; he said nothing to her of the short journey he was about to embark on, took his leave and left Julien, trí phán đốn khơng bị mối cuồng nhiệt làm rối loạn, nên nhanh chóng tìm cách tả rõ cho bà de Rênal biết quan hệ anh với bà, anh chẳng cho thân đâu, anh khơng nói du lịch nhỏ mà anh làm, anh chào bà 74 113 It was no longer a matter of Khơng cịn vấn đề cưỡng lại resisting so charming a lover, but kẻ tình nhân đáng yêu đến thế, lại thành vấn đề lo of losing him for ever anh vĩnh viễn 74 114 To crown his misery, M.de Càng đau khổ thay, ông de Renal and M Derville talked of Rênal bà Derville nói nothing but Julien's deperture chuyện Julien 75 115 "This little peasant has no doubt Hẳn thằng bé nhà quê got an offer from someone alse lưng có kẻ mời mọc in his pocket." 75 116 Insensitive as this ambitious young man was to such beauty, he could not help stopping from time to time to contemplate so vast and impressive a view Dù tâm hồn anh chàng tham vọng trẻ tuổi nhạy cảm đến đâu loại vẻ đẹp này, anh đừng mà khơng dừng chân để nhìn cảnh tượng rộng lớn uy nghi đến 75 117 Julien was no in hurry to see Julien không vội gặp anh ta, him, or for that matter any other chẳng vội gặp 76 71 fellow human người 118 It's less than a month since I let Michaud from Saint - Armand make six thousand francs; I hadn't seen him for six years, and I met him by chance at the auction in Pontarlier Cách chưa đầy tháng, tao làm cho thằng Michaud de Saint-Amand, vớ sáu nghìn quan, thằng cha sáu năm liền tao mặt nó, tình cờ tao lại gặp bán đấu giá Pontarlier 77 119 It's abvious that if he takes a partner who hasn't any capital to put into his business, he must be hoping to get himself a companion who'll never leave him Rõ ràng lấy người chung lưng mà khơng có vốn để đóng góp vào việc bn bán nó, hy vọng gây người bạn làm ăn không lìa bỏ 78 120 Nothing could shift Julien from Khơng lay chuyển his vocation thiên hướng Julien 78 121 Like Hercules he found himsefl with a choice - not between vice and virtue, but between the unrelieved mediocrity of guaranteed well - being, and all the heroic dreams of his youth Giống Hercule [84] , anh thấy khơng phải tật xấu đức tốt, đời tầm thường chắn no ấm tất giấc mơ anh hùng thời niên thiếu anh 79 122 It shows I haven't got real determination, he said to himself; and it was this doubt which caused him the greatest anguish I'm not made of the stuff of great men, since I'm afraid that eight years spent earning my living may drain me Vậy ta không thật cương nghị, anh nghĩ thầm, nỗi ngờ vực làm anh đau khổ Ta chất gỗ người ta đẽo nên trang anh kiệt, ta cịn lo sợ tám năm bỏ kiếm miếng ăn lại làm 79 72 of the sublime energy which gets ta nghị lực cao siêu extraordinary feats khiến người ta làm nên accomplished nghiệp phi thường 73