Reported speech Reported speech Lời nói gián tiếp là tường thuật lại ý của người nói với người thứ 3 Để làm bài tập chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, chúng ta phải bỏ ngoặc và chuyển động từ[.]
Reported speech - Lời nói gián tiếp tường thuật lại ý người nói với người thứ Để làm tập chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, phải bỏ ngoặc chuyển động từ ngược khứ bậc, nghĩa động từ thì chuyển khứ đơn giản, khứ đơn giản chuyển khứ hoàn thành - Nếu động từ Hiện đơn (Say), Hiện hồn thành ( Have / Has said) Tương lai (Will say) lời trích dẫn ta đổi đại từ (pronoun) Ex: She has said, “ I’m very tired” → She has said that she is very tired Một số thay đổi đổi sang lời nói gián tiếp sau Thay đổi động từ Trực tiếp Simple present Gián tiếp Simple past Present continuous Past continuous Simple past / Present perfect Past perfect Past continuous Past perfect continuous Simple future Future in the past Ví dụ “I feel sick” → He said he felt sick “I’m writing a letter” →He sais he was writing a letter “I’ve seen that film” →He said he had seen that film “I was living in Viena then” →He said he had been living in Vienna then “I will go to Japan in July” →He said he would go to Japan in July Thay đổi tính từ trạng từ Trực tiếp This Gián tiếp That These Those Here There Now Then Today That day Yesterday The day before The previous day The day after Tomorrow Ví dụ “I need this book” → He said he needed that book “I’ll take these with me” →He said he would take those with me “I’ll return here at 3p.m” →He said he would return there at 3p.m “I’m going now” → He siad he was going then “I’ll it today” →He said the would it that day “I was at Hue yesterday” →He said he had been at Hue the day before “We’ll wait until tomorrow” Ago Next week The following day Before The week after The following week → They said they would wait the day after “I was in Dalat weeks ago” →He said he had been in Dalat weeks before “I’ll come to see her nexk week” →He said he would come to see her the week after Thay đổi với câu hỏi Yes / No - Bỏ ngoặc thêm “if” “whether” Ex: “Will he come?”, she asked → She asked if he would come Với câu hỏi wh- Bỏ ngoặc giữ wh- chuyển từ câu hỏi sang dạng không hỏi Ex: “What time is it?” She asked → She asked what time it was Với câu mệnh lệnh yêu cầu - Với loại tường thuật sử dụng mẫu tường thuật: to tell /ask / command / request … someone to so smth Direct speech “Please wait for a minute” “You really must listen to your father” “Would you mind opening the door? “ Hurry up, Lan” “Don’t leave the room” “Please don’t talk in this part of the library” Indirect speech → The man asked me to wait for a minute → My teacher told me to litsen to my father → She asked me to open the door → He told Lan to hurry up → He ordered them not to leave the room → She asked me not to talk in that part of the library Với lời đề nghị giúp đỡ đề nghị dùng động từ : offer, promise, refuse, agree + to smth Direct speech “We’ll visit you” “ I’ll try to make my mom happy” “Let me give you a helping hand” Indirect speech → She promised to visit us → The boy promised to make his mom happy → He offered to give me a helping hand Reported speech with Infinitive Verb + to infinitive agree: Verb + to infinitive đồng ý Examples “ Ok, I’ll give you a lift” decide: offer: promise: refuse: định đề nghị hứa từ chối Verb + object + to infinitive Verb + object + to infinitive advise: khuyên ask: yêu cầu encourage: khuyến khích, động viên invite: mời remind: nhắc , nhắc nhở tell: bảo want: muốn warn: khuyến cáo → John agreed to give me a gift 2.“I’ll have the fish soup” → Jerry decided to have the fish soup Examples “Don’t forget to send your mother a birthday cake, Tom” → I reminded Tom to send his mother a birthday cake “ Would you like to come to the cinema with me on Saturday, Thomas?” → I invited Thomas (to come) to the cinema with me on Saturday Reported speech with Gerund Suggest : đề nghị “Shall we go for swim now?” → She suggested going for a swim “What about playing tennis” → Tom suggested playing tennis Admit: thừa nhận, chấp nhận “ I know I am wrong” → He admitted being wrong “I’ve broken the mirror” → She admitted breaking the mirror Insist on: cố nài - “I really need a break after lunch” → The boy insisted on having a break after lunch - “Please come on! Lend me some money” →The woman insisted on lending some money Apologize for: xin lỗi “Sorry I’ve hurt you” →She apologized for having hurt me “Sorry I’m late” → The man apologized for being late Accuse sb of: buộc tội “You’ve stolen my bicycle” → The boy accused his friend of having stolen his bicycle “It’s you who broke my glassed” → The old lady accused the girl of having broken her glasses Dream of: mơ “I deperatedly want to become a doctor” →He dreamed of becoming a doctor “ What I always want is to see my family again” → She dreamed of seeing her family again Prevent sb from: ngăn khơng cho làm “I won’t allow you to get in touch with him” → Her father prevented her from touching with him “I can’t let you use the mobile phone” →Her mother prevented her from using mobile phone Deny: chối “ I didn’t say that” →She denied saying that “I didn’t turn on the TV” → He denied turning on the TV Thank sb for: cảm ơn “It’s really nice of you to visit me” → She thanked him for visiting her “It’s very kind of you to lend me some money” → He thanked her for lending him some money 10 Think of: nghĩ đến “I like the car I will buy it” →The woman thought of buying the car “The woman is very poor I think we should help her” → The woman thought of helping the poor woman 11 Look forward to: trông - “I feel like going to America soon” → The woman looked forward to going to America soon - “ I can’t wait to meet you again” → The boy looked forward to meeting his mother again Notes: No verb tense change (khơng đổi động từ): Trong trường hợp sau động từ lời nói gián tiếp khơng thay đổi Động từ tường thuật đơn, hoàn thành, tiếp diễn tương lai đơn - He says/ has said / is saying: “ I am staying at home tonight” - He says / has said / is saying that he is staying at home Lời nói trực tiếp diễn tả chân lý, thật hiển nhiên, định lý khoa học - My teacher said, “ The earth goes round the sun” - My teacher said that the earth goes round the sun Một số động từ không đổi: should, had better, ought to, used to - He said “ I used to live here with my family” - He said that he used to live there with his family Các cấu trúc câu a Wish: không thay đổi - “I wish I had known the truth,” she said - She wished / she said that she wished she had known the truth b Would rather + subject + past simple - He said, “ I’d rather Tom drove the car” - He said that he would rather Tom drove the car c It’s high time + subject + past simple - The man said , “ It’s high time you went to school alone, my son” - The man told his son that it was high time he went to school alone d The second and the third conditional sentence - She said, “ If my children were older, I would send them to boarding school” - She said that if her children were older, she would send them to boarding school REPORTED SPEECH I REPORTED SPEECH: STATEMENTS ( CÂU TRẦN THUẬT) She said, "I went to the cinema yesterday." → She said…………………… He said, "I am writing a test tomorrow." →He said …………………… You said, "I will this for him." →You said ………………… She said, "I am not hungry now." → She said …………………… They said, "We have never been here before." →They said ………………… They said, "We were in London last week." →They said ………………… He said, "I will have finished this paper by tomorrow." →He said ……………… “I will apply for my visa tomorrow,” She said → She said………… “If I were you, I wouldn’t come here,” Lan said → Lan said………………… 10 Mary said “I wish I were a boy “ → Mary said 11 He said “ I was born in 2000” → He said……………………… 12 My teacher said “ the sun rises in the East” →My teacher said 13 “ You had better not contact to her, “Tom said to me.→Tom said to me II REPORTED SPEECH:QUESTIONS (CÂU HỎI) "Where is my umbrella?" she asked → She asked "How are you?" Martin asked us → Martin asked us He asked, "Do I have to it?" → She asked "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter → The mother asked her daughter "Which dress you like best?" she asked her boyfriend → She asked her boyfriend "What are they doing?" she asked → She wanted to know "Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me → He wanted to know The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?" → The teacher wanted to know "How you know that?" she asked me → She asked me 10 "Has Caron talked to Kevin?" my friend asked me → My friend asked me III REPORTED SPEECH: REQUESTS (CÂU MỆNH LỆNH) She said, "Go upstairs." → She told me "Close the door behind you," he told me → He told me "Don't be late," he advised us → He advised us 4"Stop staring at me," she said → She told him "Don't be angry with me," he said → He asked her "Leave me alone," she said → She told me 7."Don't drink and drive," she warned us → She warned us 8"John, stop making noise,” →John’s mother ordered 9."Don't worry about us," they said → They told her 10."Meet me at the cinema." he said → He asked me IV REPORTED SPEECH WITH TO INFINITIVE 1.” You Should see a doctor ,Hoa → She advised 2.” If you like, I’ll help you clean the windows,” Jane said →Jane offered “We’ll tell Bruno about the party, “ said Tom and Jerry →Tom and Jerry promised 4.”Why did you change your job?” Lam asked Linh →Lam wanted “ Remember to lock the door before going to school,” she said.→ She reminded…… “You should join the football tea, Eric,” said the teacher →The teacher encouraged 7.” Come and see me whenever you want,” he said to me →He invited 8.” All right, I’ll wait for you;” he said to me →He agree 9.” You can go home, boys.” →The man allowed 10.” Be careful of strangers and not to go out at night” →He warned us V REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUND 1.” Shall we go for a swim now?” →She suggested 2.” I know I’m wrong,” he said →He admitted………… 3.” I didn’t say that,” Lan said →Lan denied “ If only I had told him the true!” →Jane regrets “ I haven’t finished the assignment yet I’m really sorry”.→The boy apologized “ It’s you who took my bag,” said the man to the boy →The man accused “No, no I really must sit for the test.” →She insisted on 8.”What I always want is to become a doctor,” she said →She dreamt 9.” I can’t let you use the mobile phone,” his mother said →His mother prevented 10 “ It’s really nice of you to visit me,” she said to him →She thanked 11.” I like the car I’ll buy it.” →The woman thought 12.” I feel like going to America soon.” →She looked forward to VI CHOOSE THE BEST ANSERS “ Don’t be late again!” she said A She promised me not to be late again B She said me not to be late again C She asked me not to be late again D She agreed not to be late again “ Remember to lock the door!” my mother said A My mother reminded me remembering to lock the door B My mother reminded me to remember to lock the door C My mother reminded me locking the door D My mother reminded me to lock the door “ If I were you, I would help him,” he said A He said me to help him C He wanted to help him B He advised me to help him D He promised to help him “ Let me open the door for you, “ she said to me A She offered to open the door for me B She offered to open the door for you C She invited to open the door for me D She invited to open the door for you She said “I’m sorry I didn’t reply to the letter.” A She apologized for didn’t reply to the letter B She apologized for not to reply to the letter C She apologized for not to replying to the letter C She apologized for not replying to the letter ‘I bought these books last week” A He said he bought these books last week B He said he had bought these books last week C He said he had bought these books the week before D He said he bought these books the week before “ Did they tell you when they left?” she said to me A She asked me if they told me when they left B She asked me if they told me when they had left C She asked me if they had told me when they left D She asked me if they had told me when they had left Rosa asked Jose, "Have you been studying English very long?" A Rosa asked Jose when you study English B Rosa asked Jose if he had studied English C Rosa asked Jose if he had been studying English very long D Rosa asked Jose if he was studying English very long Samara asked me, "May I borrow your English dictionary?" A Samara asked me if she may borrow my English dictionary B Samara asked me if she could borrow my English dictionary C Samara asked me if I could borrow her English dictionary D Samara asked me if I had borrowed her English dictionary 10 The teacher said, "Study chapters 1-4 for the final test!" A The teacher told us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test B The teacher asked us if we studied chapters 1-4 for the final test C The teacher said us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test D The teacher asked to us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test 11 The secretary said me that I would receive the letter from him A B C D 12 They asked him washing the glassware carefully in the laboratory A B C D 13 Her doctor advised her stay out of crowds A B C D 14 They said that they had a lift but very often it doesn’t work A B C D 15 He asked them what time did the plane arrived A B C D 16 I asked to him whose car he had borrowed the night before A B C D 17 They said that they went to the supermarket before coming home A B C D 18 The girl regrets not buy that mobile phone A B C D 19 My little sister suggested to go to the beach for a change A B C D 20 The woman accused the boy to break her house’s window A B C D 21 Her father prevented her not to use his car A B C D Change the following sentences into indirect sentences: “Please, don’t tell anyone the news,” Ha said to her sister “Don’t drive so fast” Ha said to Minh Please remove your shoes before entering” Ha said to Hang “Ba, don’t interrupt me when I’m meditating” Ha said to Ba First switch on, then wait for minutes” Ha said to Nhung “Hanh, take the man to the cells” Ha said to Tung “Don’t forget to write me a letter every week” Ha said to her friend 8.Ha said: “Don’t make so much noise, Hieu” Ha said to Mai, “You’re going to post the letter, don’t forget.” 10 Ha said to Mai: “ Don’t touch the electric wires” 11 He said, “I don’t know what happened.” 12 She said, “I went to the doctor yesterday.” 13 He said, “I have a toothache.” 14 She said, “I’ll write him a prescription.” 15 They said, “We’re going to the drugstore.” 16 He said, “The doctor gave me some pills.” 17 She said, “I go to the supermarket every day.” 18 He said, “I have received the envelope.” 19 They said, “We visited Cannery Row.” 20 She said, “I feel very sick.” 21 “If you are late tomorrow, I am going to fire you,” he said 22 “I’m telling you that I didn’t break that window”, the boy said 23 “I’m going to change the wheel on my car myself,” said Hang 24 “It’s certainly essential to take a long –term view of the situation,” the boss said 25 “I passed my driving test first time,” said Sam 26 “It’s the first time I’ve flown”, Ha said 27 Hang said: “Why doesn’t Ha buy them this picture as a wedding present?” 28 “I can’t work at all! My typewriter isn’t working properly,” she said 29 “I think you should try to be more punctual,” she said to Ha 30 “You can’t park here” 31 “Have you worked before?” she said to him 32 “Can you work on Saturday before?” she said to him 33 “May I open the window?” she asked 34 “Would it be alright if I had the day off?” she said to her boss 35 “May I borrow your tennis racket?” she asked him 36 “Are you coming to the party tonight, Ha?” she asked 37 “Can you borrow your pen please, Ha?” she asked 38 “Do you know where my tennis racquet is, Mum?” she asked her Mum 39 “Was Ha at work yesterday?” she asked her secretary 40 “Did you read the article about Prince Diana?” she asked him 41 “Where you live?” she said to him 42 “Why you want the job?” she said to him 43 “How did you hear about it?” she said to him 44 “How much you expect to earn?” she said to him 45 “When can you start?” she said to him 46 “What time is it, Ha?” she asked 47 “How long have you worked for this company?” she asked 48 “Why has he been working so hard?” she asked 49 “Why did you it when I told you not to?” she said to me 50 “Why didn’t you come at ten o’clock?” she said 51 “If you type this letter out for me, I’ll buy you a drink, OK? Thanks!” he said (persuade) 52 “Sure, I don’t mind at all if you use my typewriter Go ahead.” he said (allow) 53 “All right, it’s true, I was nervous.” he said (confess) 54 “I don’t think Liverpool will win.” he said (doubt) 55 “Don’t forget: you’ve got to hand in your work this evening” he said (remind) 56 “It’s a shame you couldn’t make it to the party last night” he said (regret) 57 “Don’t worry, as long as you keep your head, you’ll manage all right” he said (assure) 58 “You really must come, and visit us next weekend” he said (insist) 59 “If I had more time, I’d help you with your work” he said (claim) 60 “Might it be a good idea if we all organized our time more effectively” he said (suggest) 61 He said, “I don’t know what happened.” 62 She said, “I went to the dentist yesterday.” 63 She said, “The doctor wrote me a prescription.” 64 He said, “I have a toothache.” 65 She said, “I go to the museum every day.” 66 They said, “We’re going to the supermarket.” 67 She said, “The doctor gave me some pills.” 68 He said, “I received the report.” 69 They said, “We visited the aquarium.” 70 He said, “I’m feeling sick.” 71 He said, “I don’t know what happened.” 72 She said, “I went to the dentist yesterday.” 73 She said, “The doctor wrote me a prescription.” 74 He said, “I have a toothache.” 75 She said, “I go to the museum every day.” 76 They said, “We’re going to the supermarket.” 77 She said, “The doctor gave me some pills.” 78 He said, “I received the report.” 79 They said, “We visited the aquarium.” 80 He said, “I’m feeling sick.” 81 “I’m tired,” Trevor said 82 “Sorry I wasn’t listening,” Hang said 83 “Is this your pencil?” he asked his pupil 84 “I’m going to Paris soon,” she said 85 “It’s time to start revising (ôn lại) for the exam,” the teacher said 86 “The film will be interesting,” I thought 87 “I can’t help you because I have too much to do,” she said 88 “Anne has bought the tickets.” She said to me 89 “It took me three hours to get here because the roads are flooded” he told me 90 “I think it’s a crazy (điên dại/ ngu xuẩn) idea It’s won’t work” she said 91 “Where are you going?” he asks me 92 “Do you want to go out for a meal?” she asked him 93 “Why are you late?” they asked their guests 94 “Can I use your phone to make a local call?” she asks me 95 “Which countries have you been to?” the customs officer asks me 96 “Do you know where Jean is living?” he asked me 97 “What color are you going to paint the living room?” she asks them 10 98 “Where did you go last night?” his father asked him 99 “Why doesn’t she talk to me any more?” I thought to myself 100 “What are you going to with your scholarship?” Hang asked Huong 101 “Remember to book a table” said Ann 102 “Could you please ring back in half an hour?” said the secretary 103 “Get into the right lane” said the driving instructor 104 “Don’t put sticky things in your pockets,” said his mother 105 “I should say nothing about it if I were you,” said my brother 106 “Please, please don’t anything dangerous,” his wife said 107 “Why don’t you open a bank account?” Tom said 108 “I can’t sell the cassette player at that price” he said 109 “Could I see your driving license?”said the policeman 110 “Why don’t you go to a dentist,Mary, before your toothache gets any worse,” I said 111 “Open your suitcase for inspection ” the customs officer said to all passengers 112 “You will have to make up your mind (quyết định/ định) soon” she said to me 113 “I’ve replaced all the carpets ” She said to me 114 “Can I move the furniture around?” I asked her 115 “How many bedrooms are there?” Sally asked 116 “When you want to move in?” Mrs Mawby asked 117 “Is there a fridge in the kitchen?” she asked him 118 “I need $ 100 deposit (tiền đặt cọc)” she said 119 He said, “I bought some popcorn.” 120 They said, “We’re flying to California.” 121 He said, “I’m cutting off the main valve.” 122 She said, “I bought some bread.” 123 He said, “I’m turning off the television.” 124 They said, “We’re driving to Chicago.” 125 The receptionist says “Breakfast is served between 7.00 and 9.00” 126 She said, “I bought some bread.” 127 He said, “I’m turning off the television.” II Change the following sentences into direct sentences: He said he didn’t know what had happened She said that she had gone to the dentist yesterday She said the doctor had written her a prescription He said that he had a toothache She said she went to the museum every day 11 They said they were going to the supermarket She said that the doctor had given her some pills He said he had received the report They said they had visited the aquarium 10 He said that he was feeling sick 11 She said she had bought some bread 12 He said that he was turning off the television 13 They said they were driving to Chicago 14 She said she would write him a prescription 15 They said they were going to the drugstore 16 He said that the doctor had given him some pills 17 She said that she went to the supermarket everyday 18 He said he had received the envelope 19 They said that they had visited Cannery Row 20 She said that she felt very sick 21 He said he had bought some popcorn 22 They said they were flying to California 23 He said he was cutting off the main valve 24 He said he didn’t know what had happened 25 She said that she had gone to the doctor yesterday 26 He said he had a toothache 27 He said he didn’t know what had happened 28 She said that she had gone to the dentist yesterday 29 She said the doctor had written her a prescription 30 He said that he had a toothache 31 She said she went to the museum every day 32 They said they were going to the supermarket 33 She said that the doctor had given her some pills 34 He said he had received the report 35 They said they had visited the aquarium 36 He said that he was feeling sick 37 She said she had bought some bread 38 He said that he was turning off the television 39 They said they were driving to Chicago 40 Mary said, she didn’t know why the car had hit her 12 13