The difficulties in using body language in making presentations of english majored students at ffl in iuh graduation thesis faculty of foreign languages

MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES - - GRADUATION THESIS THE DIFFICULTIES IN USING BODY LANGUAGE IN MAKING PRESENTATIONS OF ENGLISH - MAJORED STUDENTS AT FFL IN IUH STUDENT NAME : Pham Thi Kim Yen ID NUMBER : 17029811 CLASS CODE : 2017- 2021 COHORT : To Nguyen Xuan Yen Pham Van Sang SUPERVISOR NAME : Ho Thi Hien, M.A HCMC, 06/2021 MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES - - GRADUATION THESIS THE DIFFICULTIES IN USING BODY LANGUAGE IN MAKING PRESENTATIONS OF ENGLISH - MAJORED STUDENTS AT FFL IN IUH STUDENT NAME : Pham Thi Kim Yen ID NUMBER : 17029811 CLASS CODE : 2017- 2021 COHORT : To Nguyen Xuan Yen Pham Van Sang SUPERVISOR NAME : Ho Thi Hien, M.A HCMC, 06/2021 MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES -✍ - Student name : Pham Thi Kim Yen ID number : 17029811 Class code : 2017- 2021 Cohort : To Nguyen Xuan Yen Pham Van Sang Supervisor name : Ho Thi Hien, M.A Student’s declaration: Student’s declaration: I declare that this graduation report is entirely my own work and does not involve in plagiarism or collusion It also has not been accepted as part of a submission to another purpose elsewhere I accept heavy penalty for any cheating or plagiarism Date submitted : ……………………… Signed : ……………………… Word length : …………………words ACKNOWLEDGEMENT During my studies to complete my graduation thesis, I received a lot of assistance from my school, supervisors, and friends Firstly, I would like to sincerely thank the School Board of Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City and the Faculty of Foreign Languages for creating favorable conditions for me to take my internship Secondly, I sincerely thank and express my gratitude and appreciation to my supervisor, Ms Ho Thi Hien, who has imparted practical knowledge in my lessons and gave valuable and helpful advice during my research on the topic Furthermore, she is always available to answer questions from our team I appreciate what she has contributed to my team and me Thirdly, I would like to thank my group members, Nguyen Thi Xuan Yen and Pham Van Sang They are genuinely excellent associates Although this is our first time working together, we have worked well together We discuss, support each other to solve minor problems They are the people who listen and make things simpler, which makes me feel very comfortable talking and discussing with them They are willing to share their knowledge and experience throughout the research process Besides, when I have problems with my graduation thesis, they will help me find the best solution I am fortunate to have the opportunity to collaborate with such a fantastic team Lastly, I am grateful to all of the lovely first, second, third and fourth-year students majoring in the English Language in the Faculty of Foreign Languages at Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City who contributed to help me conduct the survey and fulfil this research In short, I sincerely thank all the people who are helping me to finish my graduation thesis ABSTRACT Using body language in presentations is an essential skill for every student Using body language in a presentation, on the other hand, will become increasingly difficult for Englishmajor students learning foreign languages Everyone understands body language, but very few people know how to use body language in presentations properly The thesis will study the difficulties in using body language to make English presentations-major students at FFL in IUH Therefore, we have applied qualitative and quantitative methods to the study As a result, the researchers collected data through questionnaires that they posted on Google Forms The study results will help researchers find out the difficulties of foreign language students using body language in presentations, thereby suggesting some reasonable solutions to the problem With the belief and hope that we will find out students' difficulties when giving presentations and the experience and knowledge we have accumulated, we will try our best to the thesis Keywords: Difficulties, Body language, Presentation, English- major student LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS IUH Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City FFL Faculty of Foreign Language BL Body Language EFL English as a Foreign Language TEFL Teaching English as a Foreign Language M.A Master of Arts Q Question LIST OF FIGURES AND CHART List of figures Figure 1: Four groups of Gesture Figure 2: Three example for "voice inflection" Figure 3: Example for Effective Visuals Figure 4: Example for Explaining Visual Figure 5: The Introduction Figure 6: The Body 10 Figure 7: The Conclusion 11 Figure 8: Student Presentation Rubric 12 List of chart Chart 1: Number of times students give presentations in front of the class 25 Chart 2: Students' feelings when watching a presentation where the 26 presenter uses body language Chart 3: How often students use body language in presentation? 27 Chart 4: Some of the advantages of using body languages from the chosen 28 students Chart 5: How good are students at using Body language in presentating in 29 public? Chart 6: What problems students often have when giving their 30 presentation Chart 7: After finishing presentations, what are the comments that students 31 often get from other students and teachers Chart 8: Students choose the right form of body language when 32 presentating Chart 9: What methods have students used to improve their presentation 33 skills Chart 10: The comments from teachers and other students important to presenter after the presentation 35 TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Research goals 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Scope of the study CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Definitions of terms 2.1.1 Definitions of body language 2.1.2 Definitions of presentation 2.2 Presentation 2.2.1 Three messages of a good presentation 2.2.1.1 Physical message 2.2.1.2 Visual message 2.2.1.3 Story message 2.2.2 Factors affect the result of oral presentation 11 2.2.3 Criteria to evaluate the presentations (rubrics) 12 2.3 Body languages 13 2.3.1 Elements of body languages 13 2.3.2 The difficulties of using BL in presentation 15 2.4 Results of previous studies 16 2.4.1 Factors affect the result of oral presentation 16 2.4.2 The difficulties of using body language in presentation 17 CHAPTER III: 21 RESEARCH DESIGN 21 3.1 Research site 21 3.2 Participants/Objects 21 3.3 Research methodology and research methods 21 3.3.1 Research methodology 22 3.3.2 Research methods 22 3.4 Procedures 23 3.5 Data analysis 24 CHAPTER IV: 25 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 25 4.1 Findings 25 4.1.1 General information 25 4.1.2 The difficulties that presenters have when using body language to give oral presentations 29 4.1.3 The possible solutions to have better body language in making presentations 32 4.2 Discussion 36 4.2.1 Reliability of research’s results 36 4.2.2 Compare with the results of previous researches 36 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION 39 5.1 Conclusion 39 5.1.1 Summary of the study 39 5.1.2 Limitation of the study 40 5.1.3 Recommendation 41 5.1.3.1 For teacher 41 5.1.3.2 For students 41 ID’s Number: 17029811 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale In recent times, innovation in teaching and learning methods has been carried out across universities across the country As a result, schools have gradually shifted from traditional teaching to learner-centered Students come to class not only to listen to lectures and take notes but also to give presentations Therefore, presentation is an essential skill that affects an individual's effective use of language Currently, it is a fact that students majoring in English in general and students majoring in English at FFL at IUH in particular almost have to give many presentations during their studies at IUH Therefore, for the presentation to bring the best results, students must know how to create a perfect presentation with good content, excellent PowerPoint presentation, and absolute persuasion or communication ability Nonetheless, using only speech is still an obstacle for Vietnamese students in general and IUH's foreign language students, especially in giving presentations Many students feel selfdeprecating, shy, afraid to stand in front of crowds Moreover, students also find it challenging to give presentations in English and have difficulties convincing the audience and communicating verbally It can be said that learners want to give a dynamic presentation, but they not know how to it or not realize their mistakes Since then, learners feel bored and lack confidence when presenting Therefore, to find out the best way in order to overcome these obstacles and difficulties So, instead of using speech, the simplest way to create a more persuasive presentation is to use body language; by using body language, the presentation will be more exciting, more attractive, and the ability to impart will be increased Thus, to have a good presentation, using body language plays an important role It helps the presentation be better, more perfect and creates a dynamic presentation These are the concerns and reasons why the researchers decided to choose a research topic: "The difficulties in using body language in making the presentations of English-major students at FFL in IUH" Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen ID’s Number: 17029811 5.1.3 Recommendation 5.1.3.1 For teacher Traditional teaching has evolved into student-centered learning in the modern era Therefore, students will have to get used to giving presentations As a Faculty of Foreign Languages student, the researchers have participated in many presentations for many subjects since the beginning of the university Hence, the researchers hope that it is possible to learn Public Speaking in the first year, to be able to get used to giving presentations in advance 5.1.3.2 For students Firstly, the researchers think that to give a good presentation, students should gain experience by seeking out (or creating) opportunities for public speaking, such as giving a presentation to a group or an institution, wherever the presenter feels most comfortable Moreover, most of all, the students also need to be fully prepared, practice carefully, and be equipped with a relaxed, calm After the presentation is over, the students need to listen and absorb the teacher's comments Secondly, we thought that this research topic still has many significant shortcomings and does not cover all aspects of language, so we encourage students instead of just studying body language to study the general aspects of communicative language Lastly, in this modern technological society, there are many useful websites that can help students conduct surveys for more optimal research Therefore, the researchers suggest to the students of the next course that they should use simple survey methods that optimize the problem Such as Google Form and QR code were applied by researchers when surveying this study Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 41 ID’s Number: 17029811 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen References Advantages and disadvantages of non-verbal communication Retrieved from https://thebusinesscommunication.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-non-verbalcommunication/ Alshare, Khaled & Hindi, Nitham M (2004) The Importance of Presentation Skill in the Classroom: Students and Instruction Perspectives: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges: Vol 19, No Retrieved April 2004, from https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.5555/1050231.1050233 Andrade, H., & Du, Y (2005) Student perspectives on rubric-referenced assessment Practical Assessment, Research, And Evaluation, 10(3), Cummings, K (2011) NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION AND FIRST IMPRESSIONS Damahouri, M (2018) The advantages and disadvantages of body language in Intercultural communication Khazar Journal Of Humanities And Social Sciences, 21(1), 68-82 Doi: 10.5782/2223-2621.2018.21.1.68 Daud, A., Ras, F., Novitri, N., & Audia, C P (2019) Factors Contributing to Speaking Anxiety: A Case Study of Pre- Service English Teachers Journal of Educational Sciences, (3), 412-422 https://doi.org/10.31258/jes.3.3.p.412-422 Fast, J (2014) Body language (p.2) Newburyport: Open Road Media Gallo, Camine.(2014) The 10 worst presentation habits Retrieved on August 31, 2014 from: http://images.businessweek.com/ss/06/02/mistakes/index_01 Harrington, D., & Lebeau, C (2009) Speaking of speech (2nd ed., pp.9-38, 40-56, 6295) Oxford: Macmillan Publishers Ltd 10 Harrison, R.P (1973) Nonverbal communication, Handbook of Communication Chicago: Rand Mc Nally 98 11 Hezser, C (2017) Rabbinic body language: non-verbal communication in Palestinian rabbinic literature of late antiquity Brill 12 Knapp, M L., & Hall, J A (2002) Elements of nonverbal communication Nonverbal Communication in Human Intetraction,, 61-71 13 Lewis, H (2012) Body language: A guide for professionals SAGE Publications India 14 McCarthy, P., & Hatcher, C (2002) Presentation skills: The essential guide for students Retrieved October, 2002) Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 42 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen ID’s Number: 17029811 15 N Quang (2007) Nonverbal Communication Journal of Science – VNU - HULIS, 23.) 16 Pal, R (2010) Factors Affecting Presentation Retrieved 29 December 2010, from https://www.indiastudychannel.com/resource/133870-Factors-affectingpresentation.aspx 17 Soureshjani, K., & Ghanbari, H (2012) Factors leading to an effective oral presentation in EFL classrooms The TFLTA Journal, 3, 37-50 18 Sproule, M (1997) Speech making Brown & Benchmark Publishers 19 Tolley, Harry & Wood, Robert (2010) How to Succeed at an Assessment Centre (3rd Edition) London and Philadelphia: Kogan Page 20 Widyastuti, T., & Mahaputri, R (2015) Presentation Difficulties experienced by students of English department of Unswagati Retrieved 2015 from https://www.fkipunswagati.ac.id/ejournal/index.php/perspective/article/view/175 Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 43 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen ID’s Number: 17029811 Appendices The survey questionnaire “The difficulties of using body language in making presentations of English - major students at FFL in IUH” We are a group of seniors working on a graduation report on a topic related to a presentation Our group consists of three members, including Pham Van Sang, Pham Thi Kim Yen and To Nguyen Xuan Yen We appreciate and appreciate your contribution through this survey Your contribution is extremely valuable and greatly helped in our graduation report completion process We sincerely thank each and every one of you for contributing and joining us in assisting us with this survey Part 1: Personal information Can you tell us your gender? (choose “Prefer not to say” if you not want to disclose)  Male  Female  Prefer not to say You are … at IUH  Freshman  Sophomore  Junior  Senior Have you ever made any presentation in class?  Yes  No Part 2: Question (Choose the answer that is true for you) How many times have you ever delivered a presentation in front of your classmate?  More than times  From to times  Less than times  Never Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 44 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen ID’s Number: 17029811 When you watch a presentation that the presenters are using a variety of body language ( facial expressions, hand gesture, body movement); How you feel?  Very bored  Bored  Neutral  Interested  Very Interested Do you think body language is necessary in public speaking?  Extremely unnecessary  Unnecessary  Normal  Extremely necessary How often you use body language in presentation?  Never  Sometime  Often  Usually  Always Here are some of the advantages of using body languages, choose the answer that makes the most sense for you (You can choose more than one answer)  More confident  Easier persuade  More exciting  Connect with audiences  Open up your life  Build your presence  Attract attention  Others Choose the right forms of body language when presentating?  Standing up straight Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 45 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen ID’s Number: 17029811  Gesturing with your hands open and your palms up  Good eyes contact  Smile  Clearly and decisively voice  Focus on listeners  Movement around the space  Others How good are you at using Body language in presentating in public ?  Extremely bad  Bad  Normal  Good  Extremely good What methods have you used to improve your presentation skills? (Can choose more than one answer)  Watching some presentation’s clips in YouTube  Attending other presentations  Practicing with your friends  Practicing alone in front of the mirror  Seeking some advice from a teacher  Taking a number of presentation-related courses What problems you often have when giving your presentation? (You can choose more than one answer)  Feeling ashamed and shy  Find it difficult to explain to the audience a definition or part of a presentation  Problems with equipment such as laptops, projectors  Find it difficult to get the audience's attention  Others 10 After finishing presentations, what are the comments that you often get from other students and teachers? (You can choose more than one) Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 46 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen ID’s Number: 17029811  You need to speak more fluently  You need to speak louder and clearer  You need to interact with your audience more  The slide show should be clearer and cleaner  You should not just stand still  You should not use only words 11 Are comments from teachers and other students important to you after the presentation?  Strongly unnecessary  Unnecessary  Normal  Necessary  Strongly necessary 12 In your opinion, you have any suggestions for the subject public speaking? Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 47 ID’s Number: 17029811 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES SUPERVISOR’S EVALUATION FORM Student’s name: …………………………………… Student Code: ……………………… Supervisor’s name: ……………………………………………………………………… CRITERIA SCORE Format (3) Format And Coherence and Organization (4) Language Use Grammar mistakes (3) Introduction Research topic and objectives of research (5) Research questions (5) Written Literature Theoretical framework (5) Graduation Review Review of previous studies (5) Referencing (5) Thesis (70) Methodology Research Methodology(10) Research Collecting and analyzing data (5) Findings Relevance between research findings and objectives (5) Evaluating and discussing the findings (5) Conclusions Conclusions & recommendation (10) Oral Content (3) Presentation Performance (3) (10) Time management (10 minutes) (2) Questions response (2) Supervisor’s Communication skill (2) Punctuality (2) Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 48 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen Appraisal ID’s Number: 17029811 Continuous improvement (6) (10) Supervisor’s Appraisal on Group Decision &Planning Roles & Distribution Establish Goals teamwork (05) Meeting Minutes Peer Contribution to the team project evaluation Taking responsibility on teamwork (05) Working with others Other comments TOTAL SCORES ………./100 Date: …………………………… Signature ……………………………… Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 49 ID’s Number: 17029811 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES EXAMINER’S EVALUATION FORM Student’s name: …………………………………… Student Code: ……………………… Examiner’s name: …………………………………………………………………………… CRITERIA Format And Format (3) Language Use Coherence and Organization (4) SCORE Grammar mistakes(3) Introduction Research topic and objectives of research (5) Written Research questions (5) Graduation Literature Theoretical framework (5) Thesis Review Review of previous studies (10) Referencing (5) (80) Methodology Research Methodology (10) Research Collecting and analyzing data (5) Findings Relevance between research findings and objectives (5) Evaluating and discussing the findings (10) Conclusions Conclusions & recommendation (10) Oral Content (6) Presentation Performance (6) (20) Time management (10 minutes) (4) Questions responses (4) Other comments Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 50 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen TOTAL SCORES ID’s Number: 17029811 ……… /100 Date: ………………………… Signature ……………………………… Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 51 ID’s Number: 17029811 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES PROGRESS FORM GRADUATION THESIS Research title: THE DIFFICULTIES IN USING BODY LANGUAGE IN MAKING PRESENTATIONS OF ENGLISH- MAJOR STUDENTS AT FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY Student’s full name Supervisor’s name Week Date : PHẠM THỊ KIM YẾN : HỒ THỊ HIỀN, M.A Contents ID No.: 17029811 Supervisor’s comments & Signature (18/11/2020- + Finding the research fields and research 29/11/2020) title + Submitting the topic chosen by students + Searching Google Scholar, finding and reading studies related to the topic in order to refer to outline and research questions + Finding the research questions (16/12/2020- + Forming the outline for the research 27/12/2020) + Forming the research questions + Writing Chapter of the research (19/03/2021- + Editing the outline and the research 26/03/2021) questions + Editing the rationale of Chapter + Forming Questionnaires on paper + Writing Chapter and (12/04/2021- + Editing and completing Questionnaires 25/04/2021) Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A on paper 52 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen ID’s Number: 17029811 + Forming Questionnaires on Google form + Post Google form on Social Network + Writing Chapter (30/05/2021- + Editing Chapter 1, 2, and 06/06/2021) + Writing Chapter (07/06/2021- + Editing Chapter 13/07/2021) + Editing the format of research + Completing the research The supervisor’s approval of the students’ submission (Yes/ No): Date: Supervisor (Signature & Full name) ………………………… Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A 53 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A ID’s Number: 17029811 54 Submitted by: Pham Thi Kim Yen Supervisor: Ho Thi Hien M.A ID’s Number: 17029811 55