Iec 60086 1 2015

I EC 60086-1 ® Ed i ti on IN TERN ATION AL STAN DARD Pri m ary batteri es – I E C 60086-1 : 01 5-07(en ) Part : Gen eral International Electrotechnical Commission 201 5-07 T H I S P U B L I C AT I O N I S C O P YRI G H T P RO T E C T E D C o p yri g h t © I E C , G e n e v a , S wi tz e rl a n d Al l or ri g h ts by re s e rve d an y e i th e r m eans, IEC c o p y ri g h t yo u r IEC 3, or or l ocal I EC C e n t l ru e de CH -1 21 I E C's h a ve U n l es s o th e rwi s e e l e c t ro n i c or m em be r an N ati o n a l e n q u i ry m em be r s p e c i fi e d , m e ch a n i c a l , a bo u t N a ti o n a l no p a rt i n cl u d i n g C o m m i t te e o b ta i n i n g C o m m i tt e e th e p u b l i c a ti o n c o u n t ry a d d i ti o n a l fo r O ffi c e in of th i s p h o t o c o p yi n g fu rt h e r ri g h t s an d of th e to th i s re p ro d u c e d re q u e s t e r wi t h o u t If yo u h a ve pl eas e or u ti l i z e d p e rm i s s i o n an y c o n t a ct in in an y q u e s ti o n s th e fo rm wri t i n g fro m ab o u t a d d re s s I EC bel ow or i n fo rm a t i o n Tel : + 41 22 91 02 1 F a x: +41 22 91 03 00 G e n e va i n fo @ i e c c h 20 be p u b l i c a ti o n , V a re m b é S wi t ze rl a n d m ay m i c ro fi l m , www i e c c h Ab ou t th e I E C Th e I n t e rn a ti o n a l I n t e rn a t i o n a l E l e c t ro t e c h n i c a l S t a n d a rd s fo r al l Com m i ssi o n e l e c t ri c a l , (I E C ) e l e c t ro n i c and is th e re l a t e d l ea d i n g g l obal o rg a n i z a t i o n th a t p re p a re s an d pu bl i sh es tech n o l o g i es Ab o u t I E C p u b l i ca ti o n s Th e tech n i cal l ates t e d i ti o n , co n te n t a of IEC c o rri g e n d a p u b l i c a ti o n s or an is ke p t am en d m en t u n d er might c o n s ta n t h a ve been I E C C atal og u e - webs tore i ec ch /catal og u e Th e s ta n d - a l o n e b i b l i o g p h i ca l Te ch n i ca l a p p l i cati o n i n fo rm ati o n on S p eci fi cati o n s , d o cu m e n ts Ava i l a b l e fo r fo r I EC PC, M ac th e I n te rn a ti o n a l An d ro i d e n ti re S ta n d a rd s , Re p o rts OS, an d o th e r Ta b l ets an d i Pad a d va n ce d va ri e ty of s e a rch e n a b l es cri te ri a com m i tte e , … ) an d th e Th e wo rl d ' s e l e ctri ca l wi th d wn It to (re fe re n ce al so g i ve s fi n d I EC i n fo rm ati o n on P l e as e m a ke s u re th a t yo u h a ve th e d e fi n i ti o n s in a d d i ti o n a l on l i n e co n ta i n i n g Engl ish an d l an g u ag es d i cti o n a ry m o re F re n ch , Al s o Voca b u l a ry th a n wi th e l e ctro n i c 000 as th e an d te rm s e q u i va l e n t kn o wn (I E V) of 30 te rm s an d in I n te rn a ti o n a l on l i n e I E C G l os s ary - s td i ec ch /g l os s ary p u b l i ca ti o n s n u m b e r, I EC l ead i n g te rm s E l e ctro tech n i ca l I E C pu bl i cati on s s earch - www i ec ch /s earch pu b Th e by E l ectroped i a - www el ectroped i a org co n s u l ti n g Te ch n i ca l re vi e w pu bl i sh ed te xt, by a tech n i cal p ro j e cts , re p l a ce d M o re th a n En g l i sh cl a u s e h a ve p u b l i ca ti o n s 77, 60 an d of I EC been 86 an d 000 F re n ch e l ectrote ch n i ca l e xtra cte d p u b l i cati o n s co l l ecte d from from i ss u e d e a rl i e r te rm i n o l o g y th e Te rm s s i n ce an d 2002 p u b l i ca ti o n s e n tri e s S om e of in D e fi n i ti o n s I EC e n tri e s TC 37, CI S P R I E C J u s t Pu bl i s h ed - webs tore i ec ch /j u s tpu bl i s h ed S ta y up d e ta i l s al so to al l o n ce d ate n ew a on al l n ew p u b l i cati o n s m o n th b y em a i l I EC p u b l i ca ti o n s re l ea s e d J ust Ava i l a b l e P u bl i sh ed on l i n e an d I E C C u s tom er S ervi ce C en tre - webs tore i ec ch /cs c If yo u n eed wi s h C e n tre : International Electrotechnical Commission to g i ve us fu rth e r a ss i s ta n ce , csc@ i ec ch yo u r fe e d b a ck p l e as e ta ct on th e th i s p u b l i ca ti o n or C u s tom e r S e rvi ce I E C 60 86-1 ® Ed i ti on 201 5-07 I N TE RN ATI ON AL S TAN DARD P ri m ary batteri es – P art : G en eral I N TERN ATI ON AL ELECTROTECH N I CAL COM MI SSI ON I CS 29 220 I SB N 978-2-8322-281 3-5 Warn i n g ! M ake s u re th at you obtai n ed th i s pu bl i cati on from an au th ori zed d i stri bu tor ® Reg i stered trad emark of th e I n ternati on al El ectrotech ni cal Commi ssi on International Electrotechnical Commission – – I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 C O N TE N TS F O R E W O RD I N T RO D U C T I O N S cope N o rm a ti ve re fe re n ce s T e rm s a n d d e fi n i ti o n s Re q u i re m e n ts 1 4 Desi gn 1 B a tte ry d i m e n s i o n s 1 T e rm i n a l s 1 C l a s s i fi c a ti o n ( e l e c tro ch e m i ca l s ys te m ) D e s i g n a ti o n 4 M a rki n g 4 4 I n te rc h a n g e a b i l i t y: b a tte ry vo l ta g e P e rfo rm a n c e D i s c h a rg e p e rfo rm a n ce 2 D i m e n s i o n a l s ta b i l i t y L e a ka g e 4 O p e n - c i rc u i t vo l ta g e l i m i ts S e rvi ce o u u t 6 S a fe t y P e rfo rm a n c e – T e s ti n g G e n e l D i s c h a rg e te s ti n g G e n e l 2 Ap p l i c a ti o n te s ts S e rvi ce o u u t te s ts C o n fo rm a n c e c h e ck to a s p e c i fi e d m i n i m u m a ve g e d u ti o n C a l c u l a ti o n m e th o d o f th e s p e ci fi e d va l u e o f a m i n i m u m a ve g e d u ti o n 5 O C V te s ti n g B a tte ry d i m e n s i o n s L e a ka g e a n d d e fo rm a ti o n P e rfo rm a n c e – T e s t c o n d i ti o n s S to g e a n d d i s ch a rg e c o n d i ti o n s C o m m e n ce m e n t o f d i s c h a rg e te s ts a fte r s to g e D i s c h a rg e te s t c o n d i ti o n s 6 G e n e l 1 G e n e l C o m p l i a n ce L o a d re s i s ta n ce T i m e p e ri o d s 6 T e s t c o n d i ti o n to l e n c e s Acti va ti o n o f ‘ P ’ - s ys te m b a tte ri e s M e a s u ri n g e q u i p m e n t Vo l ta g e m e a s u re m e n t M e c h a n i c a l m e a s u re m e n t S a m p l i n g a n d q u a l i t y a s s u n c e International Electrotechnical Commission I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – – B a tte ry p a cka g i n g An n e x A ( n o rm a ti ve ) An n e x B ( i n fo rm a ti ve ) C ri te ri a fo r th e s ta n d a rd i za ti o n o f b a tte ri e s 2 R e co m m e n d a ti o n s fo r e q u i p m e n t d e s i g n B T e ch n i c a l l i a i s o n B B a tte ry c o m p a rtm e n t B G e n e l B 2 L i m i ti n g a cc e s s b y c h i l d re n B Vo l ta g e c u t- o ff An n e x C ( n o rm a ti ve ) D e s i g n a ti o n s ys te m ( n o m e n cl a tu re ) C G e n e l C D e s i g n a ti o n s ys te m i n u s e u p to O cto b e r 9 C G e n e l C 2 Cel l s 25 C E l e c tro ch e m i ca l s ys te m C B a tte ri e s C M o d i fi e rs C E xa m p l e s C D e s i g n a ti o n s ys te m i n u s e s i n ce O c to b e r 9 C G e n e l C Ro u n d b a tte ri e s C 3 N o n - ro u n d b a tte ri e s C Am b i g u i t y S ta n d a rd d i s ch a rg e vo l ta g e U – D e fi n i ti o n a n d m e th o d o f s d e te rm i n a ti o n An n e x D ( i n fo rm a ti ve ) D D e fi n i ti o n D D e te rm i n a ti o n C/R - p l o t D G e n e l c o n s i d e ti o n s : th e D 2 D e te rm i n a ti o n o f th e s ta n d a rd d i s c h a rg e re s i s to r D D e te rm i n a ti o n o f th e s ta n d a rd d i s c h a rg e c a p a ci t y d i s ch a rg e ti m e D ts Rs 38 Cs a n d s ta n d a rd 39 E x p e ri m e n ta l c o n d i ti o n s to b e o b s e rve d a n d te s t re s u l ts An n e x E ( i n fo rm a ti ve ) P re p a ti o n o f s ta n d a rd m e th o d s o f m e a s u ri n g p e rfo rm a n ce ( S M M P ) o f co n s u m e r g o o d s E G e n e l E P e rfo rm a n c e c h a c te ri s ti cs E C ri te ri a fo r th e d e ve l o p m e n t o f te s t m e th o d s An n e x F ( i n fo rm a ti ve ) C a l cu l a ti o n m e th o d fo r th e s p e c i fi e d va l u e o f m i n i m u m a ve g e d u ti o n An n e x G ( n o rm a ti ve ) C o d e o f p cti c e fo r p a cka g i n g , s h i p m e n t, s to g e , u s e a n d d i s p o s a l o f p ri m a ry b a tte ri e s G.1 G e n e l G.2 P a cka g i n g G.3 T n s p o rt a n d h a n d l i n g G.4 S to g e a n d s to ck ro ta ti o n G.5 D i s p l a ys a t s a l e s p o i n ts 4 G.6 S e l e c ti o n , u s e a n d d i s p o s a l 4 G P u rch a s e 4 G I n s ta l l a ti o n 4 G U se 44 International Electrotechnical Commission – – I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 G Re p l a c e m e n t G Di s posal 45 B i b l i o g p h y F i g u re – I n g e s ti o n g a u g e 1 F i g u re C – D e s i g n a ti o n s ys te m fo r ro u n d b a tte ri e s : d1 < 00 m m ; h eig ht h1 < 00 m m 29 F i g u re C – D i a m e te r c o d e fo r n o n - re c o m m e n d e d d i a m e te rs F i g u re C – H e i g h t c o d e fo r d e n o ti n g th e h u n d re d th s o f a m i l l i m e tre o f h e i g h t F i g u re C – D e s i g n a ti o n s ys te m fo r ro u n d b a tte ri e s : d1 ≥ 00 mm ; h eight h1 ≥ 00 m m 32 F i g u re C – D e s i g n a ti o n s ys te m fo r n o n - ro u n d b a tte ri e s , d i m e n s i o n s < 00 m m 33 F i g u re C – D e s i g n a ti o n s ys te m fo r n o n - ro u n d b a tte ri e s , d i m e n s i o n s ≥ 00 m m 34 F i g u re C – H e i g h t c o d e fo r d i s cri m i n a ti o n p e r te n th o f a m i l l i m e tre F i g u re D – N o rm a l i ze d C/R - p l o t ( s c h e m a ti c) F i g u re D – S ta n d a rd d i s ch a rg e vo l ta g e ( s c h e m a ti c) T a b l e – S ta n d a rd i ze d e l e ctro ch e m i c a l s ys te m s T a b l e – M a rki n g re q u i re m e n ts T a b l e – C o n d i ti o n s fo r s to g e b e fo re a n d d u ri n g d i s ch a rg e te s ti n g T a b l e – R e s i s ti ve l o a d s fo r n e w te s ts T a b l e – T i m e p e ri o d s fo r n e w te s ts T a b l e – T e s t c o n d i ti o n to l e n ce s T a b l e A – I te m s n e ce s s a ry to s ta n d a rd i ze 2 T a b l e C – P h ys i c a l d e s i g n a ti o n a n d d i m e n s i o n s o f ro u n d c e l l s a n d b a tte ri e s T a b l e C – P h ys i c a l d e s i g n a ti o n a n d n o m i n a l o ve l l d i m e n s i o n s o f fl a t c e l l s T a b l e C – P h ys i c a l d e s i g n a ti o n a n d d i m e n s i o n s o f s q u a re c e l l s a n d b a tte ri e s T a b l e C – D i a m e te r c o d e fo r re c o m m e n d e d d i a m e te r T a b l e C – P h ys i c a l d e s i g n a ti o n a n d d i m e n s i o n s o f ro u n d c e l l s a n d b a tte ri e s b a s e d o n Cl au se C 36 T a b l e C – P h ys i c a l d e s i g n a ti o n a n d d i m e n s i o n s o f n o n - ro u n d b a tte ri e s b a s e d o n Cl au se C 36 T a b l e D – S ta n d a rd d i s ch a rg e vo l ta g e b y s ys te m International Electrotechnical Commission I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – – I N TE RN ATI O N AL E L E C TRO TE C H N I C AL C O M M I S S I O N P RI M ARY B ATTE RI E S – P art : G en eral F O RE W O RD 1) T h e I n te rn a ti o n a l E l e c t ro t e c h n i c a l C o m m i s s i o n ( I E C ) i s a wo rl d wi d e o rg a n i z a ti o n fo r s t a n d a rd i z a t i o n c o m p ri s i n g al l n a ti o n a l e l e c tro t e c h n i c a l c o m m i t te e s (I E C N ati o n a l C o m m i tt e e s ) Th e o bj ect of I EC is to p ro m o te i n te rn a ti o n a l c o - o p e t i o n o n a l l q u e s t i o n s c o n c e rn i n g s ta n d a rd i za t i o n i n th e e l e c t ri c a l a n d e l e c tro n i c fi e l d s T o th i s end and Te ch n i ca l in a d d i ti o n Re p o rts , to o t h e r a c ti vi ti e s , P u bl i cl y Ava i l a b l e I EC pu bl i sh es S p e c i fi c a t i o n s I n te rn a ti o n a l (P AS ) an d S t a n d a rd s , Gu i des Te ch n i ca l ( h e re a fte r S p e c i fi c a ti o n s , re fe rre d to as “I E C P u b l i c a ti o n ( s ) ” ) T h e i r p re p a t i o n i s e n t ru s t e d to te c h n i c a l c o m m i tte e s ; a n y I E C N a ti o n a l C o m m i tte e i n te re s t e d in th e s u bj ect d eal t wi t h m ay p a rt i c i p a t e in th i s p re p a t o ry wo rk I n t e rn a ti o n a l , g o ve rn m e n t a l an d n on - g o v e rn m e n ta l o rg a n i z a ti o n s l i a i s i n g wi th t h e I E C a l s o p a rt i c i p a t e i n th i s p re p a t i o n I E C c o l l a b o t e s c l o s e l y wi t h th e I n te rn a t i o n a l O rg a n i z a ti o n fo r S t a n d a rd i z a ti o n (I S O) in a c c o rd a n c e wi th d i ti on s d e t e rm i n e d by a g re e m e n t b e t we e n th e t wo o rg a n i za ti o n s 2) T h e fo rm a l d e c i s i o n s o r a g re e m e n ts o f I E C o n t e c h n i c a l m a t te rs e xp re s s , a s n e a rl y a s p o s s i b l e , a n i n t e rn a ti o n a l s en s u s of opi n i on on th e re l e v a n t s u b j e c ts s i n ce e ach te c h n i c a l c o m m i t te e h as re p re s e n t a t i o n fro m al l i n te re s te d I E C N a ti o n a l C o m m i t te e s 3) I E C P u b l i c a t i o n s h a ve th e fo rm o f re c o m m e n d a t i o n s fo r i n t e rn a t i o n a l u se an d a re a c c e p t e d b y I E C N ati o n a l C o m m i tt e e s i n th a t s e n s e W h i l e a l l re a s o n a b l e e ffo rt s a re m a d e t o e n s u re th a t t h e t e c h n i c a l c o n t e n t o f I E C P u b l i c a ti o n s is a c c u te , IEC can n ot be h el d re s p o n s i b l e fo r th e wa y in wh i c h th e y a re u sed or fo r an y m i s i n t e rp re t a t i o n b y a n y e n d u s e r 4) In o rd e r t o p ro m o te t n s p a re n t l y to i n te rn a t i o n a l th e m a xi m u m u n i fo rm i ty, e xt e n t I EC possi bl e in N a ti o n a l th e i r C o m m i tte e s n a ti on al an d u n d e rta ke re g i o n a l to appl y IEC p u b l i c a ti o n s P u b l i c a ti o n s An y d i v e rg e n c e b e t we e n a n y I E C P u b l i c a ti o n a n d t h e c o rre s p o n d i n g n a ti o n a l o r re g i o n a l p u b l i c a t i o n s h a l l b e c l e a rl y i n d i c a te d i n t h e l a tt e r 5) I E C i t s e l f d o e s n o t p ro vi d e a n y a tt e s ta ti o n o f c o n fo rm i ty a s s e s s m e n t s e rvi c e s a n d , i n s o m e a re a s , I n d e p e n d e n t c e rti fi c a ti o n b o d i e s p ro vi d e c o n fo rm i ty a c c e s s to I E C m a rks o f c o n fo rm i ty I E C i s n o t re s p o n s i b l e fo r a n y s e rvi c e s c a rri e d o u t b y i n d e p e n d e n t c e rti fi c a ti o n b o d i e s 6) 7) Al l u s e rs s h o u l d e n s u re th a t t h e y h a v e t h e l a t e s t e d i ti o n o f t h i s p u b l i c a ti o n N o l i a b i l i t y s h a l l a t t a c h t o I E C o r i t s d i re c to rs , e m p l o y e e s , s e rva n t s o r a g e n t s i n c l u d i n g i n d i vi d u a l e xp e rt s a n d m e m b e rs o f i t s t e c h n i c a l c o m m i tt e e s a n d I E C N a t i o n a l C o m m i t te e s fo r a n y p e rs o n a l i n j u ry, p ro p e rt y d a m a g e o r o th e r d a m a g e e xp e n s e s of a n y a ri s i n g ou t n a t u re wh a t s o e v e r, wh e t h e r d i re c t of p u b l i c a ti o n , u se th e o f, or or i n d i re c t, re l i a n c e u pon , o r fo r c o s ts th i s I EC (i n cl u d i n g P u b l i c a ti o n l eg al fe e s ) and any o th e r I EC or P u b l i c a ti o n s 8) Att e n ti o n i s d wn to th e N o rm a ti ve re fe re n c e s c i te d i n th i s p u b l i c a ti o n U s e o f th e re fe re n c e d p u b l i c a t i o n s i s i n d i s p e n s a b l e fo r th e c o rre c t a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h i s p u b l i c a t i o n 9) Att e n ti o n i s d wn to th e p o s s i b i l i t y th a t s o m e o f th e e l e m e n ts o f th i s I E C P u b l i c a ti o n m a y b e t h e s u b j e c t o f p a t e n t ri g h t s I E C s h a l l n o t b e h e l d re s p o n s i b l e fo r i d e n ti fyi n g a n y o r a l l s u c h p a t e n t ri g h t s I n te rn a ti o n a l S ta n d a rd I EC 60086-1 h as been p re p a re d by I EC e l e ve n th e d i ti o n te c h n i ca l co m m i tte e 5: P ri m a ry c e l l s a n d b a tte ri e s Th i s twe l fth e d i ti o n c a n ce l s an d re p l a ce s th e (201 ) an d c o n s ti tu te s a te c h n i c a l re vi s i o n T h e m a j o r te ch n i c a l c h a n g e s wi th re s p e c t to th e p re vi o u s e d i ti o n a re : – th e o rd e r o f th e An n e xe s wa s c h a n g e d to th e o rd e r i n wh i c h th e y a p p e a r i n th e d o c u m e n t an d a c a p ti o n wa s added to i n d i c a te wh e re th e An n e x i n fo rm a ti o n fi rs t a p p e a rs in th e d o c u m e n t; – – th e h u m i d i t y c o n d i ti o n s fo r n o n P - s ys te m b a tte ri e s i n T a b l e wa s m o d i fi e d ; th e s ta n d a rd d i s c h a rg e vo l ta g e fo r th e Y a n d W ch e m i s tri e s wa s d e te rm i n e d to b e a t , V a n d , V re s p e c ti ve l y; – d e ta i l s o n ca p a ci t y m e a s u re m e n t we re m o ve d fro m An n e x E to S u b c l a u s e International Electrotechnical Commission – – – I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 th e co i n /b u tto n c e l l a n d b a tte ry d e fi n i ti o n wa s c l a ri fi e d i n o rd e r to b e tte r a d d re s s i s s u e s wi th th e s wa l l o wi n g o f c o i n ce l l s T h e te xt o f th i s s ta n d a rd i s b a s e d o n th e fo l l o wi n g d o c u m e n ts : FDI S Re p o rt o n v o t i n g /1 /F D I S /1 / RVD F u l l i n fo rm a ti o n o n th e vo ti n g fo r th e a p p ro va l o f th i s s ta n d a rd c a n b e fo u n d i n th e re p o rt o n vo ti n g i n d i c a te d i n th e a b o ve ta b l e T h i s p u b l i c a ti o n h a s b e e n d fte d i n a cc o rd a n c e wi th th e I S O /I E C D i re cti ve s , P a rt A l i s t o f a l l p a rts i n th e I E C 0 s e ri e s , u n d e r th e g e n e l ti tl e Primary batteries , ca n b e fo u n d o n th e I E C we b s i te T h e c o m m i tte e h a s d e ci d e d th a t th e c o n te n ts o f th i s p u b l i ca ti o n wi l l re m a i n u n ch a n g e d u n ti l th e s ta b i l i t y d a te i n d i ca te d on th e I EC we b s i te u n d er " h ttp : //we b s to re i e c c h " re l a te d to th e s p e c i fi c p u b l i ca ti o n At th i s d a te , th e p u b l i c a ti o n wi l l b e • re co n fi rm e d , • wi th d wn , • re p l a c e d b y a re vi s e d e d i ti o n , o r • am en d ed A b i l i n g u a l ve rs i o n o f th i s p u b l i c a ti o n m a y b e i s s u e d a t a l a te r d a te International Electrotechnical Commission in th e d a ta I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – – I N TRO D U C TI O N Th e te ch n i c a l i n fo rm a ti o n on co n s i d e re d d ry I EC 60086 c o n te n t of p ri m a ry ce l l s e ri e s th i s ce l l s p a rt and b a tte ri e s and fo rm s In th e of I EC 60086 b a tte ri e s th i s Al l sen se, basi s fo r p ro vi d e s b a tte ri e s fu n d a m e n ta l wi th i n I EC 60086-1 th e is su bseq u en t th e th e p a rts re q u i re m e n ts I EC 60086 m ain F or s e ri e s co m p o n e n t e xa m p l e , of th i s and a re th e p a rt i n cl u d e s e l e m e n ta ry i n fo rm a ti o n o n d e fi n i ti o n s , n o m e n cl a tu re , d i m e n s i o n s a n d m a rki n g W h i l e s p e c i fi c re q u i re m e n ts a re i n cl u d e d , th e co n te n t o f th i s p a rt te n d s to e xp l a i n m e th o d o l o g y ( h o w) a n d j u s ti fi ca ti o n ( wh y) O ve r th e ye a rs , th i s p a rt h as been ch a n g e d to i m p ro ve i ts c o n te n t and re m a i n s u n d er co n ti n u a l s cru ti n y to e n s u re th a t th e p u b l i c a ti o n i s ke p t u p to d a te wi th th e a d va n ce s i n b o th b a tte ry a n d b a tte ry- p o we re d d e vi c e te c h n o l o g i e s N O TE S a fe t y i n fo rm a ti o n i s a va i l a b l e i n I E C 0 - , I E C 0 - a n d I E C 2 International Electrotechnical Commission – – I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 P RI M ARY B AT T E RI E S – P a rt : G e n e l S cop e T h i s p a rt o f I E C 0 i s i n te n d e d to s ta n d a rd i ze p ri m a ry b a tte ri e s wi th re s p e c t to d i m e n s i o n s , n o m e n c l a tu re , te rm i n a l co n fi g u ti o n s , m a rki n g s , te s t m e th o d s , t yp i c a l p e rfo rm a n c e , s a fe t y a n d e n vi ro n m e n ta l a s p e c ts As a p ri m a ry b a tte ry c l a s s i fi c a ti o n to o l , e l e c tro ch e m i ca l s ys te m s a re a l s o s ta n d a rd i ze d wi th re s p e c t to s ys te m l e tte r, e l e c tro d e s , e l e c tro l yte , n o m i n a l a n d m a xi m u m o p e n c i rcu i t vo l ta g e N O TE T h e re q u i re m e n ts j u s t i fyi n g th e i n c l u s i o n o r t h e o n g o i n g re te n t i o n o f b a t te ri e s i n th e I E C 0 s e ri e s a re g i v e n i n A n n e x A T h e o b j e c t o f th i s p a rt o f I E C 0 i s to b e n e fi t p ri m a ry b a tte ry u s e rs , d e vi c e d e s i g n e rs a n d b a tte ry m a n u fa c tu re rs i n te rch a n g e a b l e by e n s u ri n g a cc o rd i n g to th a t s ta n d a rd b a tte ri e s fo rm , fi t fro m an d d i ffe re n t fu n cti o n m a n u fa c tu re rs F u rth e rm o re , to a re e n s u re co m p l i a n c e wi th th e a b o ve , th i s p a rt s p e c i fi e s s ta n d a rd te s t m e th o d s fo r te s ti n g p ri m a ry ce l l s a n d b a tte ri e s N o rm a t i ve re fe re n c e s T h e fo l l o wi n g d o c u m e n ts , i n wh o l e o r i n p a rt, a re n o rm a ti ve l y re fe re n ce d i n th i s d o c u m e n t a n d a re i n d i s p e n s a b l e fo r i ts a p p l i ca ti o n F o r d a te d re fe re n ce s , o n l y th e e d i ti o n c i te d a p p l i e s F o r u n d a te d re fe re n ce s , th e l a te s t e d i ti o n of th e re fe re n ce d d ocu m en t ( i n cl u d i n g an y a m e n d m e n ts ) a p p l i e s I EC 60086-2: − , Primary batteries – Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications I EC 60086-3: 201 , Primary batteries – Part 3: Watch batteries I EC 60086-4: 201 4, Primary batteries – Part 4: Safety of lithium batteries I E C 600 86-5: 201 , Primary batteries – Part 5: Safety of batteries with aqueous electrolyte T e rm s a n d d e fi n i t i o n s F o r th e p u rp o s e s o f th i s d o c u m e n t, th e fo l l o wi n g te rm s a n d d e fi n i ti o n s a p p l y a p p l i c a ti o n tes t s i m u l a ti o n o f th e a ctu a l u s e o f a b a tte ry i n a s p e c i fi c a p p l i c a ti o n b a t t e ry o n e o r m o re ce l l s e l e ctri ca l l y co n n e c te d a n d fi tte d p ro te cti ve d e vi c e s e tc , a s n e c e s s a ry fo r u s e _ To b e p u b l i s h e d International Electrotechnical Commission in a ca s e , wi th te rm i n a l s , m a rki n g s a n d – 34 – I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 P / M od i fi ers (see N OTE 2) N u m ber of cel ls or paral l el stri n gs I n teg er of th e m axi m um h ei g h t i n seri es of th e battery expressed (see N OTE ) i n m i l l im etres (see N OTE 3) Letter d en oti n g S ym bol separati n g th e l en gth /wi d th el ectroch em i cal system an d h ei g h t cod es (refer to Tabl e ) I n teg er of th e d i am eter expressed i n m i ll im etres (see N OTE 3) of th e cyl i n d ri cal envel ope en com passi n g Cod e d en oti n g sh ape (P = n on -rou n d ) th e m axi m um l en g th an d wi d th d im ensi ons of th e su rface from wh i ch th e term i n al s fi rst em erg e IEC N O TE T h e n u m b e r o f c e l l s o r s tri n g s i n p a l l e l i s n o t i d e n t i fi e d N O TE M o d i fi e rs a re i n c l u d e d t o d e s i g n a te fo r e xa m p l e s p e c i fi c t e rm i n a l a rra n g e m e n t , l o a d a n d fu rt h e r s p e c i a l c h a c te ri s ti c s N O TE I n c a s e th e h e i g h t n e e d s to b e d i s c ri m i n a te d i n t e n t h s o f a m i l l i m e t re , t h e l e t te r c o d e s h o wn i n F i g u re C appl i es E XAM P L E P 2 / : A b a tte ry c o n s i s ti n g o f s i x c e l l s o r s tri n g s i n p a l l e l o f t h e zi n c - a m m o n i u m c h l o ri d e , zi n c c h l o ri d e - m a n g a n e s e d i o xi d e s ys t e m , c o n n e c te d i n s e ri e s , wi th a m a xi m u m l e n g th o f m m , a m a xi m u m wi d t h o f 1 m m , a n d a m a xi m u m h e i g h t o f m m F i g u re C – D e s i g n a t i o n International Electrotechnical Commission s ys t e m fo r n o n - ro u n d b a t t e ri e s , d i m en si on s ≥ 00 mm I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – 35 – C M a xi m u m h e i g h t i n m i l l i m e tre s ( i n t e g e r) D eci m al p a rt o f h e i g h t Code mm 0, A 0, B 0, C 0, D 0, E 0, G 0, H 0, J 0, K 0, L IEC N O TE T h e te n th s o f a m i l l i m e t re c o d e i s o n l y u s e d wh e n n e e d e d F i g u re C – H e i g h t c o d e fo r d i s c ri m i n a t i o n C In th e p e r te n th o f a m i l l i m e t re Am b i g u i t y u n l i ke l y e ve n t th a t two or m o re b a tte ri e s wo u l d h a ve th e sam e d i a m e te r of th e e n c o m p a s s i n g c yl i n d e r a n d th e s a m e h e i g h t, th e s e co n d o n e wi l l b e d e s i g n a te d wi th th e s a m e d e s i g n a ti o n e x te n d e d wi th “ –1 ” International Electrotechnical Commission – 36 – IEC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 T a b l e C – P h ys i c a l d e s i g n a t i o n a n d d i m e n s i o n s o f ro u n d c e l l s a n d b a tt e ri e s based on Cl au se C Dimensions in millimetres M a xi m u m b a tte ry d i m e n s i o n s P h ys i c a l d e s i g n a ti o n H ei g h t R7 7, 7, R1 0, 2, R1 2, ,6 R1 2 2, 2, R1 2 2, 2, R1 6 6, ,6 R1 6, 2, R2 20, ,2 R2 20, ,6 R2 20, 2, R2 20, 2, R2 20, 3, R2 23, 2, R2 23, 2, R2 3 23, 3, R2 23, 5, R2 24, 2, R2 24, 2, R2 24, 3, R2 24, 5, R3 30, 3, R1 1 1 ,6 0, R1 3, 25, R1 A 2, 60, R1 4, 25, R1 H 5, 27, R1 3 7, 33, R1 7, 34, R1 7, 45, N O TE in D i am eter IEC Th e co m p l e te 08 -2 an d d i m en si on s I EC of th e s e b a t t e ri e s a re g i ve n 60 086 -3 T a b l e C – P h ys i c a l d e s i g n a t i o n a n d d i m e n s i o n s o f n o n -ro u n d b a tt e ri e s b a s e d o n C l a u s e C Dimensions in millimetres P h ys i c a l D e s i g n a ti o n d e s i g n a ti o n N OTE International Electrotechnical Commission ( o ri g i n a l ) L e n g th Wi d th H ei g h t 2P3845 R5 34, 7, 45, 2P4036 R- P 35, 9, 36, Th e a ctu a l a l re a d y re c o g n i z e d N O TE M a xi m u m b a tte ry d i m e n s i o n s Th e used d e s i g n a ti o n u n d er th es e co m p l e te n u m b e rs d i m en si on s of th es e b e fo r e o f th e s e b a t t e ri e s th e y b a t t e ri e s we re a re is R5 and R- P s t a n d a rd i z e d g i ven in I EC 600 86 -2 s i n ce th e s e b a t t e ri e s we re IEC 60086-1 :201 © IEC 201 – 37 – An n e x D (informative) S ta n d a rd d i s ch a rg e vo l ta g e Us – D e fi n i ti on a n d m e th od o f d e te rm i n a ti o n D D e fi n i ti o n The standard discharge voltage Us is typical for a given electrochemical system It is a unique voltage in that it is independent of both the size and the internal construction of the battery It only depends on its charge-transfer reaction The standard discharge voltage Us is defined by Equation (D.1 ) U Cs s = t × Rs s (D.1 ) where Us is the standard discharge voltage; Cs is the standard discharge capacity; ts is the standard discharge time; Rs is the standard discharge resistor D D e te rm i n ati o n D G e n e l co n s i d e ti o n s : th e C/R -p l o t The determination of the discharge voltage Ud is accomplished via a C/R -plot (where C is the discharge capacity of a battery; R is the discharge resistance) For illustration, see Figure D.1 , which shows a schematic plot of discharge capacity C versus discharge resistor R d in normalized presentation, i.e C( R d )/Cp is plotted as a function of R d For low R d -values, low C( R d )-values are obtained and vice versa On the gradual increase of R d , discharge capacity C( R d ) also increases until finally a plateau is established and C( R d ) becomes constant : p = constant C (D.2) which means C( R d )/Cp = as indicated by the horizontal line in Figure D.1 It further shows that capacity C = f( R d ) is dependent on the cut-off voltage Uc : the higher its value, the larger is fraction ∆ C that cannot be realised during discharge NOTE Under plateau conditions, capacity C is independent of R d The discharge voltage Ud is determined by Equation (D.3) U _ Cd d = t × Rd d (D.3) Subscript d differentiates this resistance from R s ; see Equation (D.1 ) For very long periods of discharge time Cp may decrease due to the battery’s internal self-discharge This may be noticeable for batteries having a high self-discharge, for example % per month or above International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 60086-1 :201 © IEC 201 C(R)/Cp – 38 – ,0 0,98 C(R) = Cp = constant 98 % C = ƒ( R d ) Capacity plateau: d C/d R = 0,5 Cut-off voltage: Uc = constant Uc = V ∆C Rd (0,5) Rd Rs F i g u re D – N o rm a l i z e d IEC C/R -p l o t ( s ch e m a t i c ) The quotient Cd /td of Equation (D.3) represents the average current i(avg) when discharging the battery through discharge resistor R d for a given cut-off voltage Uc = constant This relation may be written as: Cd = i(avg) × td (D.4) For R d = R s (standard discharge resistor) Equation (D.3) changes to the Equation (D.1 ), and consequently Equation (D.4) changes to: Cs = i(avg) × ts (D.5) The determination of i(avg) and ts is accomplished according to the method described in D.2.3 and illustrated by Figure D.2 D 2 D e t e rm i n a ti o n o f th e s t a n d a rd d i s c h a rg e re s i s t o r R s The determination of Us is best achieved by that discharge resistor R d , that yields 00 % capacity realization The time to perform this discharge may be of long duration To reduce this time, a good approximation for Us is achieved by Equation (D.6) Cs ( R s ) = 0,98 Cp (D.6) This means that 98 % capacity realization is considered to be of sufficient accuracy for the determination of the standard discharge voltage Us This is achieved when discharging the battery through the standard discharge resistor R s Its factor 0,98 or above is not decisive, because Us remains practically constant for R s ≤ R d Under this condition, the exact realization of a 98 % capacity realization is not crucial International Electrotechnical Commission I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 D – 39 – D e t e rm i n a ti o n o f th e s t a n d a rd d i s c h a rg e c a p a ci t y ti m e t C s a n d s ta n d a rd d i s c h a rg e s F o r i l l u s tra ti o n re fe r to F i g u re D , wh i c h re p re s e n ts a s c h e m a ti c d i s c h a rg e cu rve o f a b a tte ry F i g u re D a d d re s s e s a re a s A1 b e l o w a n d A2 a b o ve th e d i s c h a rg e c u rve U n d e r = A1 th e a ve g e d i s ch a rg e c u rre n t i ( a vg ) A2 (D 7) i s o b ta i n e d T h e c o n d i ti o n d e s cri b e d b y E q u a ti o n ( D ) d o e s n o t n e c e s s a ri l y a d d re s s th e m i d - p o i n t o f d i s ch a rg e , a s i n d i ca te d i n F i g u re D T h e ti m e o f d i s ch a rg e t d i s d e te rm i n e d fro m th e cro s s - o ve r p o i n t fo r U( R , t) = U c T h e d i s c h a rg e c a p a c i t y i s o b ta i n e d fro m E q u a ti o n ( D ) C = d T h e s ta n d a rd ca p a ci t y C s i s o b ta i n e d fo r R d C = = s i( a vg ) × t R s, (D 8) d c h a n g i n g E q u a ti o n ( D ) to E q u a ti o n ( D ) i ( a vg ) × t (D 9) s a m e th o d wh i c h p e rm i ts th e e xp e ri m e n ta l d e te rm i n a ti o n o f th e s ta n d a rd d i s ch a rg e c a p a c i t y vo l ta g e s ta n d a rd U s d i s ch a rg e ti m e t s, n eed ed fo r d e te rm i n a ti o n Cu t-off voltag e s ta n d a rd C s d i s c h a rg e : R = stan t U = stan t c I A1 Averag e vol tag e, averag e cu rren t U(R, t) vol tag e (V) Cel l th e ( s e e E q u a ti o n ( D ) ) Di sch arg e m od e : U of U c A2 cu rren t th e Di sch arg e an d U(R, t) = constant t( A1 t = A2 ) t d IEC F i g u re D – S t a n d a rd d i s c h a rg e vo l t a g e ( s c h e m a t i c) D For E xp e ri m e n ta l co n d i ti o n s to b e o b s e rve d a n d te s t re s u l ts th e e x p e ri m e n ta l re co m m e n d e d , d i s tri b u te d d i s ch a rg e va l u e e a ch o ve r th e d e te rm i n a ti o n one bei ng e x p e cte d n g e va l u e a t a p p ro x i m a te l y , sh ou ld be ta ke n at C/R - p l o t, th e of C th e p as 10 i n d i vi d u a l d i s c h a rg e re s u l ts th e s e d a ta a re to b e C/R - p l o t It is i n d i ca te d in F i g u re D re co m m e n d e d Th e to ta ke a re e ve n l y th e fi rs t l a s t e x p e ri m e n ta l R ≈ × R T h e d a ta g a th e re d m a y th e n b e C/R - p l o t a c co rd i n g to F i g u re D F ro m th i s p l o t th e R - a p p ro xi m a te l y g p h i ca l l y p re s e n te d i n th e fo rm o f a International Electrotechnical Commission of th e a ve g e o f n i n e b a tte ri e s ; d s d – 40 – IEC 60086-1 :201 © IEC 201 value is to be determined leading to approximately 98 % Cp The standard discharge voltage Us yielding a 98 % capacity realization should deviate by less than –50 mV from that value yielding a 00 % capacity realization Differences within this mV range will only be caused by the charge-transfer reaction caused by the system under investigation When determining Cs and ts according to D.2.3, the following cut-off voltages are to be employed in accordance with IEC 60086-2: Voltage range : Uc = 0,9 V Voltage range 2: Uc = 2,0 V The experimentally determined standard discharge voltages Us (SDV) shown in Table D.1 are only given to permit the interested expert to check its reproducibility T a b l e D – S t a n d a rd d i s c h a rg e vo l t a g e b y s ys t e m S ys t e m l e tt e r Us ( S D V) V No letter C E F L S W Y Z ,30 2,90 3,50 ,48 ,30 ,55 2,8 3,5 ,56 The determination of Us for systems A, B, G and P is under consideration System P is a special case, because its Us value depends on the type of catalyst for oxygen reduction Since system P is an open system to air, the environmental humidity as well as the pick-up of CO after the activation of the system, is of additional influence For system P, Us values of up to ,37 V may be observed International Electrotechnical Commission I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – 41 – An n e x E ( i n fo rm a ti ve ) P re p a ti o n o f s ta n d a rd m e th o d s o f m e a s u ri n g p e rfo rm a n ce (S M M P ) o f co n s u m e r g o o d s N O TE T h i s a n n e x h a s b e e n d e ri ve d fro m I S O /I E C G u i d e : , P re p a t i o n o f s ta n d a rd m e t h o d s o f m e a s u ri n g p e rfo rm a n c e ( S M M P ) o f c o n s u m e r g o o d s ( wi t h d wn 9 ) E G e n e l I n fo rm a ti o n u s e fu l to co n s u m e rs o n th e p e rfo rm a n c e o f c o n s u m e r g o o d s n e e d s to b e b a s e d o n re p ro d u c i b l e s ta n d a rd m e th o d s o f m e a s u ri n g p e rfo rm a n c e ( i e te s t m e th o d s th a t l e a d to re s u l ts h a vi n g a c l e a r re l a ti o n s h i p to th e p e rfo rm a n c e o f a p ro d u ct i n p cti c a l u s e a n d th a t a re to b e u s e d a s a b a s i s fo r i n fo rm a ti o n to c o n s u m e rs a b o u t th e p e rfo rm a n c e ch a cte ri s ti cs o f th e p ro d u ct) As fa r a s possi bl e, s p e ci fi e d te s ts s h ou l d ta ke i n to a cco u n t l i m i ta ti o n s in te s t e q u i p m e n t, m o n e y a n d ti m e E P e rfo rm a n ce c h a cte ri s ti cs T h e fi rs t s te p i n th e p re p a ti o n o f a S M M P i s to e s ta b l i s h a s c o m p l e te a l i s t a s p o s s i b l e o f th e ch a c te ri s ti cs th a t a re re l e va n t i n th e s e n s e d i s c u s s e d i n C l a u s e E N O TE O n c e s u c h a l i s t h a s b e e n d wn u p , c o n s i d e ti o n c a n b e g i ve n to s e l e c ti n g t h o s e a t tri b u t e s o f a p ro d u c t th a t a re m o s t i m p o rt a n t to c o n s u m e rs m a ki n g p u rc h a s e d e c i s i o n s E A C ri te ri a fo r th e d e ve l o p m e n t o f te s t m e th o d s te s t m e th o d s h ou l d be g i ve n fo r e a ch of th e p e rfo rm a n ce c h a c te ri s ti cs l i s te d Th e wa y th a t th e te s t re s u l ts c o rre s p o n d fo l l o wi n g p o i n ts s h o u l d b e ta ke n i n to c o n s i d e ti o n : a) th e te s t m e th o d s sh ou l d be d e fi n e d in s u ch a as cl o s e l y a s p o s s i b l e to th e p e rfo rm a n c e re s u l ts a s e x p e ri e n c e d b y c o n s u m e rs wh e n u s i n g th e p ro d u c t i n p cti c e ; b) i t i s e s s e n ti a l th a t th e te s t m e th o d s a re o b j e cti ve a n d g i ve m e a n i n g fu l a n d re p ro d u c i b l e re s u l ts ; c) d e ta i l s o f th e te s t m e th o d s s h o u l d b e d e fi n e d wi th a vi e w to o p ti m u m u s e fu l n e s s to th e co n s u m e r, ta ki n g i n to a cco u n t th e ti o b e twe e n th e va l u e of th e p ro d u ct and th e e xp e n s e s i n vo l ve d i n p e rfo rm i n g th e te s ts ; d) wh e re u s e h a s to b e m a d e o f a cce l e te d te s t p ro ce d u re s , o r o f m e th o d s th a t h a ve o n l y a n i n d i re c t re l a ti o n s h i p to th e p cti c a l u s e o f th e p ro d u ct, th e te c h n i ca l c o m m i tte e s h o u l d p ro vi d e th e n e ce s s a ry g u i d an ce n o rm a l u s e o f th e p ro d u c t International Electrotechnical Commission fo r c o rre c t i n te rp re ta ti o n o f te s t re s u l ts in re l a ti o n to – 42 – I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 Annex F ( i n fo rm a t i ve ) Calculation method for the specified value of minimum average duration Th e c a l cu l a ti o n ou t as a) P re p a re b) m eth o d fo r th e s p e c i fi e d va l u e of m in im um a v e g e d u t i o n shall be c a rr i e d fo l l o w s : m inim um C a l c u l a te R e m a rk : a ve g e I f ca l cu l a ti o n c) C a l c u l a te d) M in im um s om e of th e x x we e k s ' of va l u e s d a ta d u t i o n a re out of d u ti o n va l u e s of σ of a v e g e a ve g e x of d u ti o n th e a b o ve International Electrotechnical Commission b oth A eight th a t va l u e to be a ve g e a re sam pl es p o p u l a ti o n , and B; d e fi n e th e va l u e s p ro vi d e d B: C a l c u l a te of wh i ch n d o m l y fr o m e ach e l i m i n a te s e l e cte d p o pu l ati on th es e va l u e s fro m th e A: d u ti o n × va l u e s l a rg e r x x – × by x e ach of e a ch p op u l a ti o n and also σx c o u n t r y: σx 0, 85 va l u e of th e a b o ve t wo as i ts m inim um a ve g e IEC 60086-1 :201 © IEC 201 – 43 – (normative) An n e x G C o d e o f p c ti c e fo r p a c ka g i n g , s h i p m e n t, s to g e , u s e a n d d i s p o s a l o f p ri m a ry b a t te ri e s G.1 G e n e l The greatest satisfaction to the user of primary batteries results from a combination of good practices during manufacture, distribution and use The purpose of this code is to describe these good practices in general terms It takes the form of advice to battery manufacturers, distributors and users G.2 P a cka g i n g The packaging shall be adequate to avoid mechanical damage during transport, handling and stacking The materials and pack design shall be chosen so as to prevent the development of unintentional electrical conduction, corrosion of the terminals and ingress of moisture G.3 Tra n s p o rt a n d h a n d l i n g Shock and vibration shall be kept to a minimum For instance, boxes should not be thrown off trucks, slammed into position or piled so high as to overload battery containers below Protection from inclement weather should be provided G.4 S t o g e a n d s t o c k ro t a t i o n The storage area should be clean, cool, dry, ventilated and weatherproof For normal storage, the temperature should be between + °C and + 25 °C and never exceed °C Extremes of humidity (over 95 % RH and below 40 % RH) for sustained periods should be avoided since they are detrimental to both batteries and packaging Batteries should therefore not be stored next to radiators or boilers, nor in direct sunlight + 30 Although the storage life of batteries at room temperature is good, storage is improved at lower temperatures (e.g in cold rooms –1 °C to + °C or in deep-freeze conditions below –1 °C), providing special precautions are taken The batteries shall be enclosed in special protective packaging (such as sealed plastic bags or variants) which should be retained to protect them from condensation during the time they are warming to ambient temperature Accelerated warming is detrimental Batteries which have been cold-stored should be put into use as soon as possible after return to ambient temperature Batteries may be stored, fitted in equipment or packages if determined suitable by the battery manufacturer The height to which batteries may be stacked is clearly dependent on the strength of the pack As a general guide, this height should not exceed ,5 m for cardboard packs or m for wooden cases International Electrotechnical Commission – Th e a b o ve Th u s, re c o m m e n d a t i o n s b a tt e ri e s u n ve n ti l a te d B a t te ri e s an d on a re a s be box a re c a rs d i s p l a ys I n p ro m p tl y o rd e r sh all a wa y be th a t va l i d a ft e r I EC s to g e sh i p d u ri n g s to c k p ro p e r l y fo r fr o m ( c o n t a i n e rs ) d i s p a tc h e d u s e rs eq ual l y s to we d – c o n d i ti o n s en g in es and d u ri n g n ot l e ft © I EC p ro l o n g e d fo r l on g 201 tra n s i t p e ri o d s in s u m m e r m a n u fa c t u r e ro t a t i o n d esi g n ed 60086-1 : 201 ( fi rs t an d an d in, p a cks in fi rs t ro t a ti o n o u t) to ca n a d e q u a te l y d i s tri b u ti o n be p c t i s e d , c e n tre s s to g e m a rk e d D i s p l a ys a t s a l e s p o i n t s When b a tt e ri e s co n ta ct For B a t te ri e s d i re c t Th e th e be th e and G.5 m e ta l shal l to sh al l 44 i n te n d e d b a tt e ry G.6 of fo r G.6.1 fo r s h ou l d n ot shou l d d o n ot sh oul d th e n e wl y be not be ta k e n j u m bl ed be p ro v i d e u s e r' s to a vo i d p h ys i c a l d am ag e and e l e c t ri c a l t o g e t h e r d i s p l a ye d g d e s fo r l ong p e ri o d s in wi n d o ws exp os ed to i n fo r m a t i o n Th i s is to especi a l l y en abl e th e i m p o rta n t re t a i l e r wh e n to s e l ect s u p p l yi n g th e e q u i p m e n t re l i a b l e and s u ffi c i e n t a p p l i ca ti o n p u rc h a s e d p ro v i d e d i ffe r e n t S e l e cti o n , c o m p a ri s o n m a n u fa c t u r e of Th ey th e d o, s e rvi c e h o we v e r, to be d e te ct e xp e c te d s e ri o u s fr o m g ood fa i l u r e s u se an d d i spos al P u rc h a s e c o rr e c t Man y th e c a re sh ou l d sale m a n u fa c t u re r m e t e rs b a tte ri e s Th e th e y fo r b a tt e ry b a t t e ri e s Test u n p a cke d , s u n l i g h t c o rre c t fi rs t a re exam pl e, s i ze an d g d e m a n u fa c t u r e rs g d e m ost of su ppl y s u i ted to b a t te ry m o re th e m ost th a n s u i ta b l e on e a p p l i ca ti o n g d e fo r of shou l d th e i n te n d e d b a tte ry be in u se an y a va i l a b l e at sh ou l d g i ve n th e s i ze sal es be p u rc h a s e d I n fo rm a t i o n poi n t and on on th e eq u i pm en t I n th e th e e ve n t I EC Th i s th a t d e s i g n a ti o n i n d i cate th e th e (see p o l a ri t y B e fo r e of Fol low m a rk e d n am e m ay and be –) or in For g d e co d e , of s ys t e m on t d e s om e cl e a n th e m a rk or th e b a tt e ry an d s i ze b a t te ry of th e p a rt of a p a rti c u l a r en ables l abel an Th e of th i s a b n d or g u a n te e i n fo rm a t i o n is a l te rn a ti v e b a tte r y m a n u fa c t u re r e x p i ti o n b a tt e ri e s , of n ot to sh ou l d s u p p l i e r, p e ri o d , m ay be in on a va i l a b l e , be s e l e cte d al so th e c l e a r, th e c l e a rl y d ate as of we l l p a cka g i n g n ot th e a d am p wh i c h be cl o th th a t i n s tru c ti o n s and b a tt e ri e s be a n d /o r c o m p a rt m e n t ch e cke d c a r e fu l l y shou l d eq u i pm en t b a tte ry d ry a re an d a va i l a b l e fo r b e fo r e wi th th e eq u i pm en t, an d th e c o n ta c ts c o rr e c t of b o th p os i ti o n i n g I f i n s e rt i n g i n s e rte d use of cl e an l i n ess c o rre c t l y wi t h th e re co m m e n d e d th e e q u i pm en t, re g a rd to p o l a ri t y b a tt e ri e s ca n re s u l t in ( F a i l u re + an d to –) fo l l o w m a l fu n c t i o n and b a t te ri e s Use g ood d i a t o rs , International Electrotechnical Commission wi th th e sh ou l d i m p o rt a n ce i n s tru c t i o n s , of i n to b a t te ri e s eq u i pm en t G.6.3 is be b a t t e ri e s an d e x tre m e d am ag e I t + i n s e rt i n g n e c e s s a r y, th e ( and I n s t a l l a ti o n eq u i pm en t is sh ou ld wh i c h s i ze e l e c tro c h e m i c a l 2) G.6.2 It r e q u i re d fo r vo l ta g e , m a n u fa c t u r e , as th e d e s i g n a ti o n or p c t i c e c a rs to p a rk e d use in or th e l e a ve su n, eq u i pm en t e tc e xp o s e d to e xtre m e co n d i ti o n s , fo r e xa m pl e I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 It is a d va n ta g e o u s to re m o ve – 45 – b a tte ri e s i m m e d i a te l y fro m eq u i pm en t wh i ch h as ceas e d to fu n cti o n s a ti s fa c to ri l y, o r wh e n n o t i n u s e fo r a l o n g p e ri o d ( e g c a m e s , p h o to fl a s h , e tc ) B e s u re to s wi tch o ff th e e q u i p m e n t a fte r u s e S to re b a tte ri e s i n a co o l , d ry p l a c e a n d o u t o f d i re c t s u n l i g h t G.6 Re p l a c e m e n t Re p l a c e al l b a tte ri e s o f a s e t a t th e s a m e ti m e N e wl y p u rch a s e d b a tte ri e s s h o u l d n ot be m i xe d wi th p a rti a l l y e xh a u s te d o n e s B a tte ri e s o f d i ffe re n t e l e ct ro ch e m i ca l s ys te m s , g d e s o r b n d s sh ou l d n ot be m i xe d F a i l u re to o b s e rve th e s e p re c a u ti o n s may re s u l t in s om e b a tte ri e s i n a s e t b e i n g d ri ve n b e yo n d th e i r n o rm a l e x h a u s ti o n p o i n t a n d th u s i n cre a s e th e p ro b a b i l i t y o f l e a ka g e G.6.5 D i spos al P ri m a ry b a tte ri e s m a y b e d i s p o s e d co n tra ry l o c a l d e ta i l s International Electrotechnical Commission l egal re q u i re m e n ts o f vi a th e c o m m u n a l re fu s e a rra n g e m e n ts , e x i s t Re fe r to I EC 60086-4 an d p ro vi d e d I EC 60086-5 no fo r fu rth e r – 46 – I EC 60086-1 : 201 © I EC 201 B i b l i o g p h y I E C 0 - , International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 482: Primary and secondary cells and batteries I EC 62281 , Safety of primary and secondary lithium cells and batteries during transport I S O /I E C G u i d e : , of consumer goods I SO 2859, Preparation of standard methods of measuring performance (SMMP) ( wi th d wn 9 ) Sampling Procedures for Inspection by A ttributes Package Statistical methods – Process performance and capability statistics for measured quality characteristics I SO 21 747, _ International Electrotechnical Commission International Electrotechnical Commission INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION 3, rue de Varembé PO Box 31 CH-1 21 Geneva 20 Switzerland Tel: + 41 22 91 02 1 Fax: + 41 22 91 03 00 info@iec.ch www.iec.ch International Electrotechnical Commission