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I E C 61 -1 ® Edition 201 5-07 I N TE RN ATI ON AL S TAN D ARD colour in sid e E l ectri c veh i cl e wi rel es s power tran s fer (WP T) s ys tem s – IEC 61 980-1 :201 5-07(en) Part : G en eral req u i rem en ts TH I S P U B L I C ATI O N I S C O P YRI G H T P RO TE C T E D C o p yri g h t © I E C , G e n e va , S w i tze rl a n d All rights reserved Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information IEC Central Office 3, rue de Varembé CH-1 21 Geneva 20 Switzerland Tel.: +41 22 91 02 1 Fax: +41 22 91 03 00 info@iec.ch www.iec.ch Abou t th e I E C The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies Ab o u t I E C p u b l i c a ti o n s The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published I E C C atal og u e - webs tore i ec ch /catal og u e E l ectroped i a - www el ectroped i a org The stand-alone application for consulting the entire bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other documents Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and iPad The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online I E C pu bl i cati on s s earch - www i ec ch /s earch pu b I E C G l os s ary - s td i ec ch /g l os s ary The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…) It also gives information on projects, replaced and withdrawn publications More than 60 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of IEC publications issued since 2002 Some entries have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and CISPR I E C J u st P u bl i s h ed - webs tore i ec ch /j u s u bl i s h ed Stay up to date on all new IEC publications Just Published details all new publications released Available online and also once a month by email I E C C u s to m er S ervi ce C en tre - webs tore i ec ch /cs c If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service Centre: csc@iec.ch I E C 61 -1 ® Edition 201 5-07 I N TE RN ATI ON AL S TAN D ARD colour in sid e E l ectri c veh i cl e wi rel es s power tran s fer (WP T) s ys tem s – Part : G en eral req u i rem en ts INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 43.1 20 ISBN 978-2-8322-281 4-2 Warn i n g ! M ake s u re th at you obtai n ed th i s pu bl i cati on from an au th ori zed d i s tri bu tor ® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission –2– I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 CONTENTS FOREWORD I NTRODUCTI ON Scope Normative references Terms and definitions 4 Abbreviations General Classification General Transfer technologies Transfer power classes Environmental conditions I nstallation I nteroperability 8 General system requirements General Efficiency 20 Measurement convention 21 3.1 General 21 3.2 Orientation 21 3.3 Measurement convention of the parking space 21 3.4 Measurement convention of offset 22 3.5 Measurement convention of the primary device 23 3.6 Distance between the primary and secondary device (mechanical air gap) 23 3.7 Primary device mounting 24 3.8 I n-ground-mounting 24 3.9 On-ground-mounting 24 Primary and secondary device construction 25 Communication 25 Command and control communication 25 H igh level communication 25 Protection against electric shock 26 0.1 General requirements 26 0.2 Protection against direct contact 26 0.2.1 Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts 26 0.2.2 I P degrees for the enclosures 26 0.2.3 I P degrees for primary device 26 0.3 Stored energy – discharge of capacitors 26 0.4 Fault protection 27 0.5 Protective conductor dimensions 27 0.6 Supplementary measures 27 0.6.1 Additional protection 27 0.6.2 Manual/automatic reset 28 0.7 Telecommunication network 28 1 Specific requirements for WPT systems 28 I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 –3– 1 General 28 1 Leakage – touch current 28 1 I nsulation resistance 29 1 Dielectric withstand characteristic 29 1 4.1 Dielectric withstand voltage 29 1 4.2 I mpulse dielectric withstand (1 , 2/50 µ s) 29 1 Overload protection and short circuit withstand 30 1 5.1 General 30 1 5.2 Earthing electrode and continuity test 30 1 5.3 Earthing path test 30 1 5.4 Short circuit withstand strength 30 1 Temperature rise and protection against thermal incidents 30 1 6.1 General 30 1 6.2 Permissible surface temperature of accessible parts of the WPT system 31 1 6.3 Temperature limits for materials 32 1 6.4 Protection against burns from heating of foreign objects 33 1 Heat, fire and tracking 34 1 Protection against mechanical incident 34 1 8.1 I ncidents induced by sharp edge 34 1 8.2 I ncidents induced by steps from flat ground 34 1 Areas of protection 34 1 Protection from electro-magnetic field 35 1 1 Operational safety 35 1 Emergency service disconnect (optional) 35 Power cable assembly requirements 35 Constructional requirements 36 3.1 General 36 3.2 Breaking capacity of switching devices 36 3.2.1 General 36 3.2.2 Switch and switch-disconnector 36 3.2.3 Contactor 36 3.2.4 Circuit-breaker 36 3.2.5 Relays 36 3.3 Clearance and creepage distances 36 3.4 Protection measures 37 Strength of materials and parts 37 4.1 General 37 4.2 Stability/Mechanical impact 37 4.2.1 Locations with restricted access 37 4.2.2 Locations with non-restricted access 38 4.2.3 Vehicle drive-over 38 4.2.4 Lateral force by thrust power 38 4.3 Mechanical load 38 4.3.1 General 38 4.3.2 Static load 38 4.3.3 Shock load 39 4.3.4 Torsional stress 39 4.3.5 Strength of doors 39 4.3.6 Mechanical shock impacts induced by sharp edged objects 39 –4– I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 4.4 Strength of materials and parts 39 4.4.1 Protection against corrosion 39 4.4.2 Test criteria 39 4.5 Environmental conditions 40 4.6 Properties of insulating materials 40 4.6.1 Verification of thermal stability of enclosures 40 4.6.2 Resistance to fire (Glow wire) 40 4.6.3 Ball pressure test 40 4.6.4 Resistance to tracking 40 4.6.5 Resistance to ultra-violet radiation 41 4.7 Static strength and stability 41 4.8 Vibration 41 Service and test conditions 41 5.1 General 41 5.2 Environmental test 41 5.2.1 Ambient air temperature 41 5.2.2 Ambient humidity 42 5.2.3 Ambient air pressure 42 5.2.4 Altitude 42 5.2.5 Pollution degree 43 5.2.6 Dry heat 43 5.2.7 Cold test 43 5.3 Special service conditions 43 5.4 Conditions during transport, storage and installation 43 5.5 Outdoor exposure 44 5.5.1 Cold test for extreme cold climates 44 5.5.2 Heat test under solar radiation 44 5.6 Damp and salt mist test for marine and coastal environments 44 5.7 Condensation within the assembly 44 5.8 Vibration and shock 44 5.9 Safety specifications 44 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) 44 6.1 I mmunity requirements 44 6.2 Disturbance requirement 46 6.2.1 Load and operating conditions 46 6.2.2 Disturbance limits 47 Marking and instructions 50 7.1 General 50 7.2 Marking of EV supply equipment 51 7.3 Legibility 51 7.4 Connection instructions 51 Annex A (informative) Use cases 52 A General 52 A Use case descriptions 53 A 2.1 UC Select "charging spot" 53 A 2.2 UC Compatibility Check 54 A 2.3 UC Fine Positioning 55 A 2.4 UC Pairing Confirmation 56 I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 –5– UC Start Power Transfer 57 A 2.5 A 2.6 UC Perform Power Transfer 59 A 2.7 UC Safety Monitoring and Diagnostics (see Table A.7) 61 A 2.8 UC Stop Power transfer 61 Annex B (informative) EMC tables, EV connected to an WPT system 63 B General 63 B WPT equipment immunity requirement (informative) 63 B Radio frequency (RF) disturbances 63 B WPT system with EV included (radiated disturbances in the range 30 MHz to 000 MHz) 64 Annex C (informative) EMF, protection from electromagnetic field 66 C.1 Protection from electromagnetic field 66 C.2 Assessment of electronic and electrical equipment 66 C.3 EMF measurement procedure 66 C.4 Measurement points 68 C Area measurement points of nominal position 68 C Area measurement points of offset positions 69 C Area measurement points 69 Bibliography 70 Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure – Installation – Wireless Power Transfer system 20 – Position of axes relative to orientation 21 – Position of the primary device 22 – X and Y maximum offset 23 – In-ground-mounting 24 – On-ground-mounting 25 – Qualitative example of material temperature 31 – Example for areas of protection, for ground mounted systems 35 A.1 – Use cases particularly for wireless power transfer 52 A.2 – Use cases from I SO/I EC 51 8-1 reusable for WPT systems 53 A.3 – Activity diagram for UC Select "Charging Spot" 54 A.4 – Activity diagram for UC Compatibility Check 55 A.5 – Activity diagram for UC Fine Positioning 56 A.6 – Activity diagram fur UC Pairing Confirmation 57 A.7 – Activity diagram for UC Start Power Transfer 59 A.8 – Activity diagram for UC Perform Power Transfer 60 A.9 – Activity diagram for UC Stop Power Transfer 62 B.1 – EV model for the radiated emission measurement (top view) 64 B.2 – EV model for radiated emission measurements (side view) 65 C – Top view 68 C – Front view 68 C – Seats position 69 C – Measurement points of seats 69 –6– Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – Transfer technologies – Position of primary device 22 – Offset 23 – Primary device 23 – Mechanical air gap 24 – Touch currents 28 – Values of temperature rise in normal use 33 – WPT equipment immunity requirement – Environment other than residential 45 – WPT equipment immunity requirement – residential environment 46 – Low frequency disturbances 48 1 – Radio frequency (RF) disturbances 49 – Limits of the magnetic field strength for WPT system 50 A.1 – UC Select "charging spot" 53 A.2 – UC Compatibility Check 55 A.3 – UC Fine Positioning 56 A.4 – UC Pairing Confirmation 57 A.5 – UC Start Power Transfer 58 A.6 – UC Perform Power Transfer 60 A.7 – UC Safety Monitoring and Diagnostics 61 A.8 – UC Stop Power transfer 61 B.1 – Environment other than residential environment with EV 63 B.2 – Residential environment with EV 63 B.3 – Radio frequency (RF) disturbances – WPT system with EV 63 I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 –7– I NTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNI CAL COMMI SSI ON E L E C T RI C VE H I C L E WI RE L E S S P O WE R T RAN S F E R ( WP T ) S YS T E M S – P a rt : G e n e l re q u i re m e n t s FOREWORD ) The I ntern ati onal El ectrotechnical Commi ssi on (I EC) is a worl d wid e org anizati on for standard izati on comprisi ng all nati onal electrotech nical committees (I EC N ational Comm ittees) Th e object of I EC i s to promote i nternati on al co-operati on on al l q u esti ons cernin g standard izati on i n the el ectrical and el ectronic fi el ds To this end an d in ad di ti on to other acti vi ti es, I EC pu blish es I nternati onal Stan d ards, Technical Speci fi cati ons, Technical Reports, Pu blicl y Availabl e Specificati ons (PAS) an d Gu id es (hereafter referred to as “I EC Pu blicati on(s)”) Their preparati on is entru sted to technical committees; an y I EC N ati onal Committee i nterested i n the subject d eal t wi th may parti ci pate i n thi s preparatory work I nternati onal , governmental and n ongovernm ental organizations l iaisi ng wi th the I EC al so participate i n this preparati on I EC coll aborates cl osel y wi th th e I n ternational Organizati on for Stand ard izati on (I SO) i n accordan ce wi th cond i ti ons d etermined by agreement between th e two org anizati ons 2) Th e form al d ecision s or ag reements of I EC on technical m atters express, as n earl y as possibl e, an i nternati onal consensus of opi ni on on the rel evan t su bjects si nce each technical committee has representati on from all i nterested I EC N ati onal Commi ttees 3) I EC Pu blications have th e form of recommend ati ons for internati onal u se and are accepted by I EC N ati onal Comm ittees i n th at sense While all reasonabl e efforts are mad e to ensu re that the technical content of I EC Pu blicati ons is accu rate, I EC cann ot be hel d responsi bl e for the way in wh i ch they are used or for an y misin terpretati on by any end u ser 4) I n ord er to promote i nternational u ni formi ty, I EC N ati onal Commi ttees u nd ertake to appl y I EC Publicati on s transparen tl y to the maximum extent possibl e i n thei r nati onal and regi on al pu blicati ons Any d i vergence between an y I EC Pu bl icati on and the correspond i ng nati onal or regional publi cation shal l be cl earl y in di cated in the l atter 5) I EC i tsel f d oes not provi d e any attestation of conform ity I nd epend ent certi ficati on bodies provi d e conformity assessment services an d , in some areas, access to I EC marks of conformi ty I EC i s not responsi bl e for an y services carried ou t by i nd epend en t certi fication bodi es 6) All users sh ould ensu re that they h ave the l atest edi ti on of this pu blicati on 7) N o li abili ty shal l attach to I EC or i ts di rectors, empl oyees, servants or agen ts incl u di ng i nd ivi d u al experts and members of i ts technical commi ttees and I EC N ati onal Comm ittees for any personal i nju ry, property d amage or other d amage of any natu re whatsoever, wh eth er di rect or i nd i rect, or for costs (i nclud i ng l egal fees) and expenses arising ou t of the pu bli cati on, use of, or rel iance u pon, this I EC Pu bl ication or any oth er I EC Pu blicati ons 8) Attention is d rawn to the N orm ative references cited i n this pu bl icati on U se of the referenced pu blicati ons is i ndi spensabl e for the correct appli cati on of this publicati on 9) Attention is d rawn to th e possibili ty that som e of the el ements of thi s I EC Pu bl icati on may be th e su bj ect of patent ri ghts I EC sh al l not be held responsi bl e for i d en ti fyi ng any or all su ch patent ri ghts I nternational Standard I EC 61 980-1 has been prepared by Technical Committee 69: Electric road vehicles and electric industrial trucks The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDI S Report on voti ng 69/370/FDI S 69/380/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/I EC Directives, Part –8– I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 This part is to be used in conjunction with the appropriate part of I EC 61 980 series N OTE Th e followi ng print types are used : – req u i rements: in rom an type; – test speci fication s: in ital ic type; – notes: i n small roman type The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the I EC website under "http: //webstore iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication At this date, the publication will be • • • • reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date I M P O R T AN T – T h e ' c o l o u r i n s i d e ' th a t it c o n ta i n s u n d e rs t a n d i n g c o l o u r p ri n t e r of c o l o u rs i ts wh i ch c o n te n ts l og o a re U s e rs on th e c o ve r p a g e o f th i s c o n s i d e re d sh ou l d to t h e re fo re be pu bl i cati on u s e fu l p ri n t th i s fo r i n d i c a te s th e d o cu m e n t c o rre c t using a – 60 – I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 Table A.6 – UC Perform Power Transfer Actor User system Gen eral Th e suppl y eq ui pm ent is transferri ng power wi rel essl y to the EV Precon d itions – – – – – – commu n ication (command an d control ) is establi shed ; compati bili ty i s approved ; ali gn ment was successful ; pai ri ng of EV and primary d evice was successfu l ; Safety m oni toring system (see fu tu re 61 980-2) is established on su pply eq u i pmen t si d e as well as on EV sid e; successful exi t of U C “Start power tran sfer” Post conditi ons Power Transfer process i s ongoi ng u ntil one of the termi nati on i nd icators appl y Basic scenario Th e suppl y eq ui pm ent is transferri ng power throu gh the d evi ce combi nati on to the EV after req u ested by th e EV by comman d and control commu n icati on N OTE Zero power i s d efi ned as power transfer, too The power transfer remai ns active as long as a vali d req u est is present Ad j ustm ent of power d u ri ng the transfer process i s d one by command and control commu n ication U se Case “Safety M oni toring and Di agn ostics” i s appli ed Al tern ative Ad d itional tri gger appl ication: Power transfer process m ay be started by on e of th e foll owing ad di ti onal trig gers: – – – cu stomer bu tton press on su ppl y eq u i pmen t; cu stomer bu tton press or other u ser activi ty on EV si d e; rem ote i ndication by ad d i ti onal u ser system The trigger is appli ed i n ad di tionall y Power tran sfer is controlled by comman d and control comm unicati on Excepti ons – – safety hazard detected commun icati on fai lu re; EV move d ou t of al ignment IEC Figure A.8 – Activity diagram for UC Perform Power Transfer I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 A.2.7 – 61 – UC Safety Monitoring and Diagnostics (see Table A.7) Table A.7 – UC Safety Monitoring and Diagnostics Actor General User system Thi s u se case is appli ed by al l u se cases treati ng safety rel evant actions A moni tori ng system is su pervisin g th e wi rel ess power transfer I n case of a safety hazard condi ti on or a fu ncti onal fail u re, the system ensu res power transfer to be prevented Precond itions EV and pri mary d evice are i n al igned positi on Post condi ti ons Basic scenario The system is activated pri or to energ y transfer The moni tori n g system sists of an EV and a su ppl y eq u i pment The system is ch ecki n g safety cond iti ons and is i ndi cati n g the safety statu s to th e su ppl y eq u i pment I f the safety cond iti ons are fi ne, the system is allowed to transfer power I f safety cond itions are d etected to be hazardou s, th e system prohi bi ts power transfer The system is in operati on conti n uou sl y as l on g as power tran sfer is active After termi nati ng power transfer, the system is shut d own Al ternative Excepti ons A.2.8 Self-check of system fai ls (not able to operate properl y) UC Stop Power transfer Activity Diagram for UC Stop Power transfer, see Table A.8 and Figure A.9 Table A.8 – UC Stop Power transfer Actor Customer User system General The termi n ation seq u ence for power tran sfer i s initi ated and appli ed Precond itions Power transfer h as termi nated Post condi ti ons EV i s read y to d epart Basic scenario After a tri gger situ ati on has occu rred the su ppl y eq u i pmen t sid e i s stoppi ng power transfer to the EV Su ppl y eq u i pmen t an d EV are exchanging i nformati on abou t th e en ergy transfer statu s as wel l as other featu res (e g meteri ng i nformation) in ord er to safely d ecou pl e su ppl y eq u i pment and EV The trigg er si tuati on coul d be one of the fol lowi ng : – – – – – – SOC of battery has been reached / no more power i s n eed ed; stop bu tton pressed or other cu stom er acti on (H M I ) on EV sid e; stop bu tton pressed by customer on su ppl y eq u i pment si d e; i ndi cati on of power transfer stop remote by extern al system; d etecti on of EV misali gnm ent; fail u re cond ition or safety hazard recog ni ti on M on itoring systems are d eactivated (U C “Safety M oni torin g an d Diagnostics”) Al ternative Excepti ons – – commu nication fail u re; pri mary d evice active after removi ng EV – 62 – I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 IEC Figure A.9 – Activity diagram for UC Stop Power Transfer I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – 63 – Annex B (informative) EMC tables, EV connected to an WPT system B.1 General Table B.1 refers to Table 0, Clause and is listed here for information Table B.2 refers to Table 1 , Clause and is listed here for information Table B.3 refers to Table 2, Clause and is listed here for information B.2 WPT equipment immunity requirement (informative) B.2.1 Environment other than residential environment with EV Table B.1 – Environment other than residential environment with EV Port Test applicability Phenomenon Basi c standard Test valu e Performance criteri a WPT wi th EV Stand by and active m od e Rad i ated RF Fiel d (20 M H z– 000 M H z) I SO 1 451 -2 30 V/m A B.2.1 Residential environment with EV Table B.2 – Residential environment with EV Port Test applicability Phenomenon Basi c standard Test valu e Performance criteri a WPT wi th EV Stand by and active m od e Rad i ated RF Fiel d (20 M H z–2 000 M H z) I SO 1 451 -2 30 V/m A B.3 Radio frequency (RF) disturbances Table B.3 – Radio frequency (RF) disturbances – WPT system with EV Port Phenomenon Basi c standard WPT system with EV Rad i ated distu rbances (30 M H z-1 GH z) CI SPR Reference su bclau se in the present standard N OTE Defini ti on for Cl ass A or B envi ronmen t and the l im i ts associated wi th are given wi th i n the rel evan t basi c stand ard N OTE WPT i s sid ered to be a grou p eq u i pmen t accord i ng to CI SPR 1 – 64 – B.4 I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 WPT system with EV included (radiated disturbances in the range 30 MHz to 000 MHz) Measurements shall be made in accordance with CI SPR using a representative sample EV as an alternative measurement for use of an auxiliary apparatus (i e of a WPT vehicle power supply circuit with a resistive load or vehicle traction battery) according to 5.2 Measurand is the electric component of the radiated disturbance field strength The limit of Clause of CI SPR 2: 2007 applies to all WPT systems assessed together with a EV I t shall be verified that the limits are met in standby mode and in active mode of operation The limits shall be met irrespective of a possible supplementary basic data transfer via the WPT air gap interface at the operation frequency (or within the narrow frequency band) used for WPT Figure B.1 is an example for measurement of EMC with the EV model for the radiated emission measurement (top view) Dim e n sio n s in m illim e tre s 700 3 1 700 , 3 Top vi ew IEC Figure B.1 – EV model for the radiated emission measurement (top view) I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – 65 – Figure B.2 is an example for measurement of EMC with the EV model for the radiated emission measurement (side view) Dim e n sio n s in m illim e tre s 350 700 000 350 250 400 000 250 3 Si d e vi ew IEC Key Steel metal box L 700 mm coul d be d efi ned wi nd ows ( li ght, l eft sid e of metal box) W 000 mm i nsu lati ng su pport coi ls, primary and second ary onboard peripheral × W1 700 mm × H 250 mm as a vehicl e bod y Several vehi cle sizes × H 250 mm N OTE 250 mm gap between an d ground is a typical d istance This d istance shou ld be d efined i n the test pl an Figure B.2 – EV model for radiated emission measurements (side view) – 66 – I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 Annex C (informative) EMF, protection from electromagnetic field C.1 Protection from electromagnetic field Only applicable for in-ground mounted or on-ground mounted systems Requirements for other systems are under consideration C.2 Assessment of electronic and electrical equipment WPT system shall be assessed regarding human exposure restriction for EMF The method as described below or any other applicable I EC standard (e g I EC 6231 ) or guidelines (ICN I RP) can be used to show compliance C.3 EMF measurement procedure The WPT shall operate during the test with current level required to operate within 50 % and 00 % of the rated power To make the measurement of the field independent from the actual transmitted power a correction of all measured field values shall be done by using formula (C ) The current shall be measured at the same time as the field is measured (C ) where: HCorr HM eas IM eas Ir is the corrected value of the measured magnetic field or flux density; is the measured value of the measured magnetic field or flux density; is the current flowing in the coil during the measurement of the field; is the rated current flowing at rated transmitted power as specified by the manufacturer N OTE The magnetic fi eld strength d epend s on the val u e of the cu rrent fl owi ng in the coil s Typi cal l y th e correl ation between the fi el d strength an d the cu rrent i n the coil i s li near For determining the position of the worst case for testing the following procedure shall be applied – st Step: Scan with the field-probe according to I EC 62233 (1 00 cm coil area) over the complete surface of an imaginary vertical plane which is located in 20 cm distance (centre) and parallel to each of the four sides of the vehicle, see Figures C.1 and C The 20 cm shall be measured from the most outstanding point of the vehicle surface, excluding the rear mirrors The plane shall be limited by the size of the vehicle (sides, top) and the ground floor The centre of the probe shall be in the imaginary surface At least one point shall be measured and recorded in the test report for each of the four sides of the vehicle The centre of the measurement probe shall be kept at least in the middle of the distance between ground floor and the vehicle under body during this scan measurement From a height of 50 cm above the height of the vehicle no measurement is necessary I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – 67 – – 2nd Step: At the positions where there is the maximum reading (worst case point) during the first step, a final measurement for a period of minimum s shall be done The reading at this point shall be recorded together with the exact position (x and y) in the test report and shall meet the applicable limits • Area : No measurement • Area 2: No measurement • Area 3: measurements shall be done in nominal position and offset conditions which are defined by system specifications • Area 4: measurements shall be done in optimum operating position, see also Figures C and C The measurement values obtained are used to determine whether the fields comply with exposure limits by comparing them with the field limits for general public exposure such as the reference levels or basic restrictions from the ICN I RP, MPE (maximum permissible exposure) from the I EEE or in national regulations I n absence of national or local regulations the WPT system shall comply with I CN IRP Guidelines 998 or 201 I f measured values are higher than reference levels, it does not necessarily follow that the basic restrictions have been exceeded, but a more detailed analysis is necessary to assess compliance with the basic restrictions N OTE I EC 62233: 2005, Annex B (i nformative) Exposu re l i mi ts are only for i nformati on and th ey d o not make u p an exhausti ve li st • I EC 62233: 2005, Cl au se B , I CN I RP Gui d el in es I CN I RP 998, I CN I RP 201 • I EC 62233: 2005, Cl au se B , I EEE stand ard, e g I EEE Std C95 6-2002, etc N OTE I n the fol lowi ng country, acceptable d yn ami c magnetic fiel d exposu re l evel s are l ower than stated : CA – 68 – C.4 Measurement points Area measurement points of nominal position 0, m C.4.1 I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 5 +X 0, m P +Y 0, m 0, m IEC Key Pri mary d evice Secon d ary d evice Front Rear Rig ht P Probe Figure C.1 – Top view 0, m 0, m P IEC Key Pri mary d evice Second ary d evice EV Vi rtu al area for scanni n g th e worst case positi on P Probe Figure C.2 – Front view I n optimum operating position measurement, the secondary device(s) shall be centred on the primary device(s) Manufacturers can use other methods to prove compliance with the limits I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – 69 – N OTE The speci fi ed positions have been sel ected si nce they have been d etected as worst case poin ts after vari ous si mul ati ons wi th fiel d cal cul ation software (See also Bi bli og raphy: Phys M ed Biol 201 N ov 7; 58(21 ): 7583–93 C.4.2 Area measurement points of offset positions I n offset conditions, measurements shall be carried out under the maximum offset conditions of X axis and Y axis according to the manufacturer's manual C.4.3 Area measurement points Before measurement all seats should be centre positioned if seats had the travel range (See Figures C and C.4 for the correct positioning.) At the locations (a, b and c) indicated in Figure C 4, the whole surface of the seating and headrest shall be scanned with the probe described in I EC 62233 (1 00 cm probe) The centre of the measurement probe shall be cm above the surface of the seating and headrest The worst case positions around the positions a, b and c shall be measured and recorded As regards buses or minibuses, measurements shall be carried out in driver’s seats and the closest seats to secondary device 5° a = = b = = IEC Key a b travel range forward /backward, cen tre posi ti on travel range i n h ei ght, centre posi ti on Figure C.3 – Seats position a a b = c c = = center Key a b c center b center = center IEC cen tre positi on of h ead rest cen tre positi on of backrest cen tre positi on of seat Figure C.4 – Measurement points of seats – 70 – I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 Bibliography I EC 60050-442:1 998, In te rn a tion a l Ele ctrote ch n ica l Voca bula ry – Pa rt 442: Electrica l a cce ssories I EC 60068-2-6: 2007, En viron me n ta l te stin g – Pa rt 2-6: Tests – Te st Fc: Vibra tion (sin usoida l) IEC 60068-2-1 4:2009, En viron me n ta l te stin g – Pa rt 2-1 4: Tests – Test N: Ch a n ge of te mp e ture I EC 60068-2-27: 2008, En viron me n ta l te stin g – Pa rt 2-27: Te sts – Test Ea a n d guida n ce : Sh ock IEC 60068-2-52:1 996, En viron me n ta l te stin g – Pa rt 2-52: Te sts – Test Kb : Sa lt mist, cyclic (sodium, ch loride solution ) IEC 60068-2-53:201 0, Ge n e l En viron men ta l testin g – Pa rt 2-53: Te sts and guida n ce – Combin ed clima tic (te mpe ture /h umidity) a n d dyn a mic (vibra tion /sh ock) te sts I EC 60068-2-75: 201 4, En viron men ta l te stin g – Pa rt 2-75: Te sts – Test Eh : Ha mme r tests IEC 60068-2-78:201 2, En viron men ta l testin g – Pa rt 2-78: Te sts – Te st Ca b : Da mp h e a t, ste a dy sta te IEC 60364-5-53:2001 , Ele ctrica l in sta lla tion s of b uildin gs – Pa rt 5-53: Se le ction a n d e rection of e le ctrica l e quip me n t – Isola tion , switch in g a n d trol I EC 60364-6: 2006, L ow-volta ge e le ctrica l in sta lla tion s – Pa rt Verifica tion IEC 60947-1 : 2007, L ow-volta ge switch gea r a n d trolgea r – Pa rt : Gen e l rules IEC 60947-6-1 : 2005, L ow-volta ge switch ge a r a n d trolge a r – Pa rt 6-1 : Multip le fun ction equip men t – Tra n sfe r switch in g e quipme n t IEC 61 439-7 9, sp ecific L ow-volta ge switch ge a r a n d trolge a r a sse mblies – Pa rt 7: A sse mblie s for a pplica tion s such as ma rin a s, ca mp in g site s, ma rke t squa res, e lectric veh icles ch a rgin g sta tion s I EC 61 540, Ele ctrica l a ccessorie s – Porta ble re sidua l curren t device s with out in te gra l ove rcurre n t p rote ction for h ouse h old a n d simila r use (PRCDs) I EC 61 558-2-4: 2009, Sa fe ty of tra n sforme rs, rea ctors, powe r supply un its a n d simila r p roducts for supp ly volta ge s up to 1 00 V – Pa rt 2-4: Pa rticula r re quire me n ts a n d te sts for isola tin g tra n sforme rs a n d p owe r supp ly un its in corpora tin g isola tin g tra n sformers I EC 61 558-2-1 2:201 , Sa fety of tra n sforme rs, re a ctors, powe r supp ly un its a n d comb in a tion th ere of – Pa rt 2-1 2: Pa rticula r re quire me n ts a n d te sts for sta n t volta ge tra n sforme rs a n d p ower supp ly un its for sta n t volta ge I EC 61 786-1 , Me a sure me n t of DC ma gn e tic, A C ma gn e tic a n d A C e le ctric fie lds from Hz to 00 kHz with re ga rd to e xposure of h uma n be in gs – Pa rt : Re quire me n ts for me a surin g in strume n ts _ To be published I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 I EC 61 786-2 , – 71 – Mea sure me n t of DC ma gn e tic fields, A C ma gn e tic a n d e lectric fie lds from Hz to 00 kHz with re ga rd to exp osure of h uma n b e in gs – Guida n ce for me a sure me n ts I EC 61 980-3 1 , Electric ve h icle wire le ss p owe r tra n sfer (WPT) syste ms – Pa rt Sp e cific require me n ts for th e ma gn e tic fie ld wire less powe r tra n sfe r syste ms I EC 621 0, Electric a n d ma gn e tic fie ld le vels gen e te d by A C p owe r syste ms – Me a sure me n t p roce dures with re ga rd to pub lic e xposure I EC 62233:2005, Me a sure me n t me th ods for e lectroma gn e tic fie lds of h ouse h old a pp lia n ce s a n d simila r a ppa tus with re ga rd to h uma n e xposure I EC 6231 , A ssessmen t of e le ctron ic a n d e le ctrica l e quip me n t re la ted to h uma n exp osure re striction s for e le ctroma gn e tic fie lds (0 Hz – 300 GHz) I EC 62335:2008, Circuit brea ke rs – Switch e d p rotective e a rth p orta ble re sidua l curre n t de vice s for cla ss I a n d ba tte ry powe re d veh icle a pplica tion s CI SPR 4-1 : 201 , Electroma gn e tic compa tibility – Re quireme n ts for h ouse h old a pplia n ces, e le ctric tools a n d simila r a ppa tus – Pa rt : Emission CI SPR 4-2: 201 5, Electroma gn e tic comp a tibility – Re quireme n ts for h ouse h old a pplia n ces, e le ctric tools a n d simila r a ppa tus – Pa rt 2: Immun ity – Product fa mily sta n da rd CI SPR 22, in forma tion te ch n ology equip men t – Ra dio disturb a n ce ch a cteristics – L imits a n d me th ods of mea sure me n t I SO 6469-2:2009, Ele ctrica lly prope lle d roa d ve h icle s – Sa fe ty sp ecifica tion s – Pa rt 2: Ve h icle opera tion a l sa fe ty me a n s a n d p rote ction a ga in st fa ilure s I SO 6469-3, Ele ctric p rop elle d roa d ve h icles – Sa fe ty sp ecifica tion s – Pa rt 3: Prote ction of p erson s a ga in st e le ctric sh ock I SO 8855: 201 , Roa d veh icles – Ve h icle dyn a mics a n d roa d-h oldin g a b ility – Voca b ula ry I CN IRP Guideline 998, In te rn a tion a l commission on n on -ion izin g dia tion prote ction , ICNIRP, p ub lica tion – 998, ICNIRP guide lin e s for limitin g e xposure to time -va ryin g e lectric, ma gn e tic and e le ctroma gn e tic 74(4): 494 ‐ 522; 998 I CN IRP Guideline 201 0, fie lds In te rn a tion a l ICNIRP publica tion – 201 0, to 300 GHz) commission on published in: Health Physics n on -ion izin g dia tion prote ction , ICNIRP guide lin e s for limitin g e xposure to time -va ryin g e lectric a n d ma gn e tic fie lds (1 Hz – 00 kHz) I EEE C95.6: 2002, (up , published in: H ealth Physics 99(6):81 ‐ 836; 201 IEEE Sta n da rd for Sa fe ty L e vels With Re spe ct to Huma n Exposure to Electroma gn e tic Fie lds, 0-3 kHz I EEE 802.1 : 201 2, in forma tion IEEE e xch a n ge Sta n da rd be twee n for In forma tion syste ms L oca l a n d tech n ology – me tropolita n Te lecommun ica tion s a rea require me n ts – Pa rt 1 : Wire less L A N Medium A cce ss Con trol (MA C) (PHY) Sp e cifica tion s _ U nd er consi derati on 1 U nd er consi derati on n e tworks – and Sp ecific a n d Ph ysica l L a ye r – 72 – Phys Med Biol I EC 61 980-1 : 201 © I EC 201 201 Nov 7; 58(21 ): 7583-93 doi: 0.1 088/0031 -91 55/58/21 /7583 Epub 201 Oct Evaluation of the induced electric field and compliance procedure for a wireless power transfer system in an electrical vehicle Laakso, 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