65 The FAO (2014) incorporates the water sector into the energy–agriculture nexus, which continues the FAO’s (2000) previous study on the energy–agriculture connection When demand increases, the compe[.]
65 The FAO (2014) incorporates the water sector into the energy–agriculture nexus, which continues the FAO’s (2000) previous study on the energy–agriculture connection When demand increases, the competition for resources will have an unforeseen impact on livelihoods and the environment Therefore, this study aims to systematically analyse the interactions between the natural environment and human activities, ultimately to coordinate the usage and management of resources Specifically, this involves costs, strategic planning, deployment, controlling, and assessment Key findings of this study indicate that core content balances the purposes, benefits, and different needs of people and the environment The research deploys a life cycle assessment method, the outcomes of which provide a better understanding of the complex, dynamic connections between energy, food and water This offers a critical foundation for future research in properly managing these resources while pursuing more sustainable pathways However, this research model solely uses the life-cycle assessment method, which does not contribute to a policy analysis to develop alternative pathways towards food security and agricultural development This will be critical under the existing pressure of scarce water reserves and increasing energy demands over the coming decades Bieber et al (2018) studied the development of a sustainable energy–water–food nexus for Ghana under potential climate change impacts during the period of 2015 to 2030 The study indicates that as a result of the country’s rapid population growth, current energy and urban water systems have expanded, which has increased the pressure on the existing land and inland waters used for food production Therefore, sustainable urban development and the efficient management of agricultural land and inland and marine waters are crucial Therefore, the research aims to analyse Ghana’s energy–water–food nexus from 2015 to 2030 by considering impacts on the economy and environment The authors’ key findings indicate the vulnerability of Ghana’s power-generating infrastructure and address the need for diversification in the nation’s supply mix Further, the study’s results also address the application of tariffs and investments in a supporting infrastructure, as agricultural intensification will increase the efficiency of renewable energy and decrease CO2 emissions The authors develop different scenarios that combine significant factors, such as changes in utility demands, technological capabilities, regional usability, and policy-generated economic drivers The study deploys a linear integeroptimisation problem within an integrated decision-making tool to assess the impacts of