BRITISH STANDARD AUTOMOBILE SERIES BS AU 50 2 6a 1983 Superseding BS AU50 2 6 1983 Incorporating Amendment No 1 Tyres and wheels — Part 2 Wheels and rims — Section 6a Specification for road wheels man[.]
BRITISH STANDARD AUTOMOBILE SERIES Tyres and wheels — Part 2: Wheels and rims — Section 6a: Specification for road wheels manufactured wholly or partly of light alloy for mopeds and motor cycles UDC 629.113.012.3.012.61 BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 Superseding BS AU 50-2.6:1983 Incorporating Amendment No BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 28 February 1983 © BSI 02-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference AUE/4 Draft for comment 81/79533 DC ISBN 580 13160 Amendments issued since publication Amd No 8877 Date of issue December 1995 Comments Indicated by a sideline in the margin BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 Contents Foreword 6.1 Scope 6.2 Materials 6.3 Protection of magnesium alloy castings and finished wheels 6.4 Rim profiles 6.5 Tests of completed wheels 6.6 Documentation 6.7 Marking Appendix A Torsional fatigue test Appendix B Radial fatigue test Appendix C Cornering fatigue test Appendix D Radial impact test Appendix E Leak test Figure — Typical arrangement for the torsional fatigue test Figure — Typical arrangement for the radial fatigue test Figure — Typical arrangement for the cornering fatigue test Figure — Typical arrangement for the radial impact test Figure — Profile of striker for radial impact test Figure — Leak test machine Publications referred to © BSI 02-2000 Page ii 1 1 2 3 4 6 i BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 Foreword This Section of this standard was prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Committee As far as practicable, the requirements of the standard have been aligned with the work of ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, SC 22, Motorcycles, and SC 23, Mopeds, on light alloy wheels for mopeds and motor cycles The trend away from wire-spoked moped and motor cycle wheels to those manufactured from light alloy castings or fabricated from combinations of sheet materials and/or castings has led to some unusual designs In some cases, spokes have become few in number and not tangentially inclined to the hub; large spans of unsupported rim have appeared; spokes have tended to become thin in relation to lateral forces; also it is relatively easy for inexperienced manufacturers to produce such wheels For these reasons, this Section of the standard has been introduced to ensure that the quality is adequately controlled Tyre, wheel, rim and valve requirements are given in the following Parts and Sections of BS AU 50: — Part 1: Tyres; — Section 0: General; — Section 1: Car tyres; — Section 2: Commercial vehicle tyres; — Section 3: Off-the-road tyres; — Section 4: Agricultural vehicle tyres; — Section 5: Industrial vehicle tyres; — Section 6: Motor cycle tyres; — Section 7: Moped tyres; — Section 8: Code of practice for the storage of tyres, inner tubes and flaps; — Part 2: Wheels and rims; — Section 0: General (including terms and definitions, and construction and workmanship); — Section 1: Rim profiles and dimensions (including openings for valves); (withdrawn) — Section 2: Specification for dimensions of wheel naves and hub centres for commercial vehicles; — Section 3: Specification for road-wheel nuts, studs and bolts for commercial vehicles; — Section 5: Road wheels manufactured wholly or partly of cast light alloy for passenger cars; — Section 6: Specification for road wheels manufactured wholly or partly of light alloy for mopeds and motor cycles; — Section 7: Code of practice for the selection and care of wheels for commercial vehicles; — Section 8: Code of practice for the selection and care of wheels for passenger cars (including caravans and light trailers); — Part 3: Valves; — Section 1: Specification for valve dimensions; — Section 2: Tyre valve threads 5V1, 5V2, 6V1 and 8V1; — Section 3: Tyre valve threads 9V1, 10V2, 12V1 and 13V1; — Section 4: Tyre valve threads 8V2, 10V1, 11V1, 13V2, 15V1, 16V1, 17V1, 17V2, 17V3, 19V1 and 20V1; — Section 5: Dimensions for ISO core chamber No for tyre inflation valves; — Section 6: Dimensions for ISO core chamber No for tyre inflation valves; — Section 7: Code of practice for the selection and care of tyre inflation valves for passenger cars (including caravans light trailers); ii © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 — Section 8: Code of practice for the selection and care of tyre inflation valves for commercial vehicles; — Part 4: Rim profiles and dimensions; — Section 1: Car rims; — Section 2: Commercial vehicle rims; — Section 3: Off-the-road rims; — Section 4: Agricultural tractor and machine rims; — Section 5: Industrial vehicle rims; — Section 6: Motor cycle rims; — Section 7: Moped rims Certification Attention is drawn to the certification facilities described on the inside back cover of this standard A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover © BSI 02-2000 iii iv blank BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 6.1 Scope 6.5.2 Preparation of test wheels Tests shall be NOTE Requirements for light alloy wheels for use on three-wheeled motor cycles having an unladen weight greater than 255 kg are given in BS AU 50-2.5 carried out on fully-finished wheels representative of normal production except in those cases where permanent protective coatings have been applied which cannot be removed by simple chemical processes without damage to the wheels, this coating removal being necessary to permit penetrant-dye crack detection to be carried out In these exceptional cases it shall be permissible to test uncoated wheels, provided that the wheels have undergone the complete heat-stoving cycle applicable to the coating process 6.2 Materials 6.5.3.2 Torsional fatigue test (separate wheel) This Section of the standard specifies performance requirements and methods of test for all wheels with any structural element manufactured of light alloy for use on all two-wheeled mopeds and motor cycles with or without sidecars attached, all three-wheeled mopeds and three-wheeled motor cycles having an unladen weight (see Road Traffic Act 1972: Section 194) of not more than 255 kg This standard is not applicable to wheels with steel 6.5.3 Performance requirements rims and tensioned steel wire spokes 6.5.3.1 General All wheels manufactured in NOTE The titles of the publications referred to in this accordance with this standard shall comply standard are listed on page with 6.5.3.2 to 6.5.3.7 Wheels shall be subjected to the torsional fatigue Materials used for the manufacture of light alloy test described in Appendix A, and shall comply with wheels shall comply with the material requirements the criteria of acceptance specified in A.6 of the current edition of BS AU 50-2.5 6.5.3.3 Radial fatigue test (separate wheel) Wheels shall be subjected to the radial fatigue test described 6.3 Protection of magnesium alloy in Appendix B, and shall comply with the criteria of castings and finished wheels acceptance specified in B.6 The protective treatment against corrosion shall be 6.5.3.4 Cornering fatigue test (separate wheel) applied by the founder and/or the wheel Wheels shall be subjected to the cornering fatigue manufacturer All surfaces on magnesium alloy test described in Appendix C, and shall comply with wheels shall be fully protected the criteria of acceptance specified in C.6 6.5.3.5 Radial impact test Wheels shall be subjected 6.4 Rim profiles to the radial impact test described in Appendix D, Rim profiles shall be selected from and shall comply and shall comply with the criteria of acceptance with the current edition of BS AU 50-4.6.2 or specified in D.6 BS AU 50-4.6.3, or BS AU 50-4.7.1; as appropriate 6.5.3.6 Leak test Wheels intended for use with tubeless tyres and marked accordingly (see 6.7) 6.5 Tests of completed wheels shall be subjected to the leak test described in Appendix E, and shall comply with the criterion of 6.5.1 Design validation To comply with this acceptance specified in E.4 Section of this standard, the design shall be validated by test wheels which shall demonstrate 6.5.3.7 Finishing systems The rim area covered by compliance with 6.5.3 Any change in detail design the tyre, whether polished or not, and any other or material specification shall be followed by unpolished areas, shall be protected such as to revalidation comply with the requirements for finishing systems specified in the current edition of BS AU 50-2.5 Revalidation shall follow any change in the finishing system which could result in changes in It shall be the responsibility of the wheel the residual surface stress condition manufacturer and the retailer to include with the sale of polished wheels or a vehicle fitted with polished wheels a warning of the effects of corrosion on polished areas, and to make recommendations regarding protection SAFETY NOTE It is essential that all tyres and wheels used for test purposes (see 6.5.3.2 to 6.5.3.7) are not fitted to vehicles However, they may be used for further laboratory tests © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 6.6 Documentation 6.7 Marking Chemical analysis certificates and/or hot metal Wheels complying with the requirements of this suppliers’ analysis certificates, chemical analysis Section of this standard shall be legibly and records, mechanical test records, heat treatment permanently marked as follows: furnace charts, dimensional records and records of a) the number of this British Standard, compliance with the performance requirements i.e BS AU 50:2.61) and the country of origin; specified in 6.5.3 appertaining to all wheels shall be b) the trademark or other means of identification retained for a minimum period of years of the manufacturer; c) the size of the wheel; d) the maximum static wheel load (in kg); e) an indication that the wheel is suitable for use with tubeless tyres, if applicable, e.g “tubeless”; f) the vehicle or wheel manufacturers’ part number; g) an indication of the date of production of the wheel The markings in a) to e) shall be visible when the wheel is fitted with a tyre 1) Marking BS AU 50:2.6 on or in relation to a product is a claim by the manufacturer that the product has been manufactured in accordance with the requirements of the standard The accuracy of such a claim is therefore solely the manufacturer’s responsibility Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification to support such claims should be addressed to the Director, Quality Assurance Division, BSI, Maylands Avenue, Hemel Hempstead, Herts HP2 4SQ in the case of certification marks administered by BSI or to the appropriate authority for other certification marks © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 Appendix A Torsional fatigue test A.1 Test equipment The test machine shall be one with a means to impart an alternating torsional loading to a hub about the axis of the wheel and in relation to the rim A suitable form of machine is shown in Figure Apply the tangential force acting on the torque arm at a radius equal to the static laden radius of the largest recommended tyre for the rim and on an axis coinciding with the centre-line of the rim A.3 Test torque determination The test torque shall be determined as follows: T = F × Kt × R × 9.81 where T is the test torque (in N·m); F is the maximum static wheel loading (in kg), [see 6.7 d)], Kt is a test factor taken as 1.0; R is the static rolling radius (in m) of the largest diameter tyre specified for the rim in BS AU 50-1.6 A.4 Torsional test duration The duration of test shall be 100 000 cycles with ± T applied A.5 Accuracy of applied torque The applied torque, as determined by a suitable means of calibration shall be accurate to within ± % of its nominal value throughout each test cycle A.6 Criteria of acceptance Figure — Typical arrangement for the torsional fatigue test A.2 Procedure Securely clamp the wheel by a rim flange or both flanges to a supporting face, and apply torsional loading through a torque arm or two torque arms attached to the hub by a means representative of that used to attach the braking members or drive members to the hub on the vehicle Assemble any bolts or fastenings through the hub and tighten them at the beginning of the test using the procedure specified by the vehicle and/or wheel manufacturer Ensure that the mating surfaces are free of excessive build-up of paint, dirt, or foreign matter © BSI 02-2000 At completion of the test, there shall be no evidence of fatigue cracks (as indicated by a penetrant-dye test) deformation or failure (including looseness) of mechanical fastenings Appendix B Radial fatigue test B.1 Test equipment The test machine shall be one with a means to impart a constant radial force which rotates with respect to the wheel A suitable form of machine is shown in Figure 2, in which the wheel equipped with a tyre is loaded radially against a rotating drum The drum should be as large as practicable, the minimum diameter shall be 1.708 m BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 Appendix C Cornering fatigue test C.1 Test equipment The test machine shall be one in which a constant rotating bending moment is applied to a wheel through the centre member, the rotation being about the axis of the wheel A suitable form of machine is shown in Figure Figure — Typical arrangement for the radial fatigue test B.2 Procedure Use the size of tyre for the test wheel as specified in the appropriate Subsection of BS AU 50-1.6 or BS AU 50-1.7 for the particular rim size under test Figure — Typical arrangement for the or as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer cornering fatigue test Use a cold inflation pressure equal to the maximum value marked on the tyre by the tyre manufacturer C.2 Procedure Mount the wheel on a spindle and bearings Attach the load arm and adaptor assembly to the representative of those used on the vehicle wheel hub by the normal bearing locations and any B.3 Test force determination existing bolt holes in the hub No modification of the wheel hub is permitted Assemble and tighten any The test force shall be determined as follows: bolts or fastenings through the hub at the beginning Fr = F × Kr × 9.81 of the test using the procedure specified by the where vehicle and/or wheel manufacturer Ensure that the mating surfaces of the test adaptor and wheel is free Fr is the radial test force (in N); of excessive build-up of paint, dirt, or foreign F is the maximum static wheel loading (in kg), matter [see 6.7 d)]; C.3 Bending moment determination Kr is a test factor taken as 2.25 The bending moment shall be determined as B.4 Radial test duration follows: The duration of test shall be 500 000 cycles with Fr M = F × Kb × È × R × 9.81 applied where B.5 Accuracy of applied force M is the test bending moment (in N·m); The applied test force, as determined by a suitable F is the maximum static wheel loading (in means of calibration, shall be accurate to kg), [see 6.7 d)]; within ± % of its nominal value throughout each Kb is a test factor taken as 0.7; rotational cycle B.6 Criteria of acceptance È is the coefficient of friction developed between the tyre and the road and is taken At completion of the test, there shall be no evidence as 0.7 for the purpose of this test; of fatigue cracks (as indicated by a penetrant-dye test) deformation or failure (including looseness) of mechanical fastenings © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 R is the static rolling radius (in m) of the largest diameter tyre specified for the rim in the appropriate Subsection of BS AU 50-1.6 or BS AU 50-1.7 C.4 Corning fatigue test duration D.3 Dropping height The dropping height for the striker weight shall be 230 mm above the highest part of the tyre in all cases (dimension H in Figure 4) D.4 Mass of striker The duration of the test shall be 100 000 cycles with The mass of the striker shall be adjusted to suit the M applied particular type of wheel and shall be determined as follows: C.5 Accuracy of applied bending moment D = Kd × F The applied bending moment, as determined by a suitable means of calibration, shall be accurate to where within ± % of its nominal value throughout each D is the mass of the striker (in kg); rotational cycle Kd is a test factor taken as 1.6; C.6 Criteria of acceptance F is the maximum static wheel loading At completion of the test there shall be no evidence (in kg), [see 6.7 d)] of fatigue cracks (as indicated by a penetrant-dye test) deformation or failure (including looseness) of D.5 Accuracy requirements mechanical fastenings The accuracy of the mass of the striker and the height of the drop shall be within ± % Appendix D Radial impact test D.1 Test equipment The test machine shall be one in which an impact force is applied radially to the rim of the wheel complete with tyre A suitable form of falling weight machine is shown, diagrammatically, in Figure The wheel shall be mounted with its axis horizontal and in a fork which shall be firm and rigidly mounted on a solid base The contact face of the striker shall have a profile as shown in Figure 5, and the length shall be 250 mm as shown in Figure D.2 Procedure Mount the wheel in the fork on a spindle and bearings (or dummy bearings) dimensionally similar to those used on the vehicle Select the tyre for the test as the smallest nominal section size specified for the rim in the appropriate Subsection of BS AU 50-1.6 or BS AU 50-1.7 and inflate it to the pressure specified in the appropriate Subsection of BS AU 50-1.6 or BS AU 50-1.7 appropriate to the maximum static load marked on the wheel or the maximum permitted pressure marked on the tyre, whichever is the smaller Where a rim is marked by the wheel manufacturer for use with tubeless tyres, fit a tubeless tyre Carry out tests to ensure that the weakest part of the rim has been tested © BSI 02-2000 D.6 Criteria of acceptance The wheel shall comply with the following a) There shall be no evidence of fractures or cracks (as indicated by penetrant-dye test), deformation, other than of the rim in the region of the impact, or failure (including looseness) of mechanical fastenings b) Whether the wheel is fitted with a tubeless tyre or a tubed tyre (see D.2 ) there shall be no sudden loss of tyre air-pressure, i.e the pressure shall be not less than 75 % of the initial inflation pressure, 30 s after impact BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 Figure — Typical arrangement for the radial impact test Appendix E Leak test E.1 Equipment The test machine shall be one with a water tank large enough to permit the complete wheel to be immersed in water and provision shall be made to subject the rim of the wheel to pneumatic pressure to permit assessment of the air-tightness of the rim A suitable form of machine is shown in Figure for testing wheels without tyres If the inflation valve hole is drilled, a suitable sealing plug or valve shall be fitted E.2 Procedure Figure — Profile of striker for the radial impact test Clamp the wheel between two platens fitted with soft sealing rings to contact the rim flanges of the wheel, or the wheel shall be fitted with a tyre, and then immerse the assembly in the water Admit compressed air to the inside of the wheel or tyre at a pressure of 295 kPa © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 E.3 Accuracy of air pressure The applied pressure, as indicated by a suitable gauge, shall be accurate to within ± % of the value specified in E.2 E.4 Criterion of acceptance There shall be no leakage of air as indicated by bubbles through the rim of the wheel after application of the test pressure for a minimum period of Figure — Leak test machine © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 Publications referred to BS AU 50, Tyres and wheels BS AU 50-1, Tyres BS AU 50-1.6, Motor cycle tyres BS AU 50-1.7, Moped tyres BS AU 50-2, Wheels and rims BS AU 50-2.5, Road wheels manufactured wholly or partly of cast light alloy for passenger cars BS AU 50-4, Rim profiles and dimensions BS AU 50-4.6, Motor cycle rims BS AU 50-4.6.2, Specification for metric series 100, 90, 80, 70 and 60 rims BS AU 50-4.6.3, Specification for code designated series (diameter codes to 12) rims BS AU 50-4.7, Moped rims BS AU 50-4.7.1, Specification for moped rims Legislation Road Traffic Act 1972: Section 194 © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 BSI certification marks A licence to use the Kitemark or “Safety Mark” on or in relation to a product will be granted to any manufacturer or producer who demonstrates that he can and will be able consistently to make that product to the requirements specified in the British Standard His capability of doing so is initially assessed by inspection of his production process, quality control organization and test facilities, and by independent testing of a sample of the product against all the criteria of the relevant standard The licensee is required to accept, and to operate in accordance with, a BSI scheme of supervision and control which identifies the minimum level of quality control to be exercised during manufacture and the tests to be carried out on the completed product BSI carries out unannounced inspection visits to the manufacturer’s works and audit testing of the product, and may withdraw the licence for any failure of the manufacturer to comply with the relevant standard or the requirements of the scheme of supervision and control The presence of the mark on or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods have been produced under a system of supervision, control and testing, operated during manufacture and including periodical inspection of the manufacturer’s works in accordance with the certification mark scheme of BSI Further particulars may be obtained from the Certification and Assessment Department, British Standards Institution, Maylands Avenue, Hemel Hempstead, Herts HP2 4SQ © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 50-2.6a:1983 BSI — British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level It is incorporated by Royal Charter Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front 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