© ISO 2016 Evaluation method for cleanliness of magnesium and magnesium alloy ingots Méthode d’évaluation de la propreté des lingots en magnésium et en alliages de magnésium INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO[.]
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16374 First edition 2016-09-01 Evaluation method for cleanliness of magnesium and magnesium alloy ingots Méthode d’évaluation de la propreté des lingots en magnésium et en alliages de magnésium Reference number ISO 16374:2016(E) © ISO 2016 ISO 16374:2016(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved Unless otherwise specified, no part o f this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country o f the requester ISO copyright o ffice Ch de Blandonnet • CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyright@iso.org www.iso.org ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 16374:2016(E) Contents Page Foreword iv Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Naked eye inspection Chemical composition analysis Brightness evaluation Test report 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Principle of brightness evaluation Specimen preparation Shape of jig Brightness evaluation of the fracture surface Others Bibliography © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii ISO 16374:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies) The work o f preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters o f electrotechnical standardization The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part In particular the different approval criteria needed for the di fferent types o f ISO documents should be noted This document was dra fted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part (see www.iso.org/directives) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o f the elements o f this document may be the subject o f patent rights ISO shall not be held responsible for identi fying any or all such patent rights Details o f any patent rights identified during the development o f the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents) Any trade name used in this document is in formation given for the convenience o f users and does not constitute an endorsement For an explanation on the meaning o f ISO specific terms and expressions related to formity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 79, Light metals and their alloys, Subcommittee SC 5, Magnesium and alloys of cast or wrought magnesium iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16374:2016(E) Evaluation method for cleanliness of magnesium and magnesium alloy ingots Scope This document describes a method to evaluate the cleanliness and the quality o f magnesium and magnesium alloys ingots The method includes naked eye inspection, the composition analysis and a brightness evaluation procedure based on an ISO standard Normative references The following documents are re ferred to in the text in such a way that some or all o f their content constitutes requirements o f this document For dated re ferences, only the edition cited applies For undated re ferences, the latest edition o f the re ferenced document (including any amendments) applies ISO 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps — Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor — Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (ISO brightness) ISO 3116, Magnesium and magnesium alloys — Wrought magnesium alloys ISO 8287, Magnesium and magnesium alloys — Unalloyed magnesium — Chemical composition ISO 16220, Magnesium and magnesium alloys — Magnesium alloy ingots and castings Terms and definitions No terms and definitions are listed in this document ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ — ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp Naked eye inspection Identi fy any presence o f significant contraction or impurities on the sur face o f magnesium ingots The decision on the quality o f ingots by naked eye inspection should be agreed between the supplier and the purchaser Chemical composition analysis Analyse the content o f alloying elements o f ingots The chemical composition methods can be selected by agreement between the supplier and the purchaser and shall be mentioned in the testing report The chemical composition o f magnesium and magnesium alloys is specified in ISO 8287, ISO 16220 and ISO 3116 The range o f the composition o f unspecified alloys or alloying elements can be determined by an agreement between the supplier and the purchaser © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 16374:2016(E) Brightness evaluation 6.1 Principle of brightness evaluation T he pri ncip le o f the brightne s s eva luation i s b a s e d on the s p e ci fic ation given i n I S O 470 -1 D i ffu s e d l ight b e am s from a s tandard te s ti ng mach i ne are she d on a s p e c i men B e am s refle c te d from the s p e c i men s u r face p as s th rough a s p e c i fie d gl as s fi lter and a re s ub s e quently me as u re d b y an op tic a l cel l or arranged diodes that respond to different effective wavelengths The brightness can be evaluated f f f f using an appropriate weight function d i re c tly rom the output o the op tic a l cel l or ob ta i ne d b y a s s e s s ment o the output rom the d io de s 6.2 Specimen preparation I n pri nc iple, the te s t s p e ci men s hou ld b e ob ta i ne d d i re c tly and dimension of the test specimen are shown in Figure i ngo t i n u s e When the s p e ci men i s ob tai ne d from from i ngo ts or molten me ta l s T he s hap e T he s p e ci men i s mach i ne d d i re c tly from the molten me ta l s , it i s prep are d b y p ou ri ng the melt i n a mou ld havi ng appropriate s hap e and d i men s ion s I n th i s c a s e, the d i men s ion s c a n b e s l ightly mo d i fie d except that of the neck area, which shall have mm diameter since it is the dimension area of the testing machine Dimensions in millimetres Figure — Shape and dimension of the test specimen obtained by machining from ingots Figure shows the shape and dimension of the mould to cast the brightness test specimen The dimension of the inside area is the same as that shown in Figure f f T he des ign o the mould can b e mo di fie d re ely; it can b e des igned as a s ep arate typ e s uch that the s p eci men i s eas i ly rele as e d as shown b elow © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 16374:2016(E) Dimensions in millimetres Figure — Shape and dimension of mould for brightness test specimen from molten metals 6.3 Shape of jig A jig is used to break the neck area for brightness tests Such a jig can be prepared in various ways with freedom so that the neck area can be fractured by repeated impacts The outline o f the jig shape is shown in Figure © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 16374:2016(E) Key specimen jig for fracture hammer Figure — Shape of jig and setup for fracturing the test specimen 6.4 Brightness evaluation of the fracture surface I m me d i ately a fter the frac tu re o f the te s t s p e c i men, the brightne s s o f the frac tu re s u r face i s eva luate d by me an s o f a n appropri ate i n s tr u ment wh i le ro tati ng the s p e ci men T he nu mb er o f de term i nation depends on rotation angles as shown in Table T he fi na l re s u lt i s expre s s e d b y the average va lue o f the te s t re s u lts ob tai ne d at e ach angle T he nu mb er o f te s t s p e c i men and de term i nation s s l l b e s p e ci fie d by agre ement b e twe en the s uppl ier and the pu rcha s er Table — Number of determinations and rotation angles to evaluate brightness of fracture surface No of measurement Rotation angle for each measurement 0°, 45°, 90° 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315° f Table that are not shown in Table f f determined according to the agreements between the deliverer and the acceptor T he c riteri a to eva luate brightne s s or e ach a l loy i s s hown i n c an b e de duce d rom the contents o T he brightne s s data for a l loys maj or a l loyi ng elements and fi na l ly © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 16374:2016(E) Table — Criteria to evaluate brightness for each alloy Criteria for Major alloying element brightness and its range Materials Mg-9Al-1Zn Mg-6Al-0,5Mn, Mg-5Al-0,5Mn Mg-3Al-1Zn Al 9,0 ~ 11,0 above 48 Al 5,0 ~ 7,5 Al 3,0 ~ 5,0 above 50 above 51 Alloy designation ISO ASTM MgAl9Zn1(B) MgAl9Zn1(A) MgAl6Mn MgAl5Mn MgAl3Zn1(A) MgAl3Zn1(B) AZ91C AZ91E AZ91B AZ91D AM60B AM50A AZ31A AZ31B 6.5 Others I n the c as e th at there i s a d i ffic u lty to ob tai n the fu l l- s p e c i men d i men s ion b y mach i ni ng or c as ti ng , the brightne s s c a n b e eva luate d b y d i re c tly bre a ki ng the i ngo ts or c as ti ngs a fter agre ement b e twe en the supplier and the purchaser In this case, the diameter of the fractured surface should be at least mm and re corde d i n fi na l rep or t i n de tai l Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) b) the date o f the tes t, identi fication o f the tes ti ng organi z ation and s ignature o f the res p ons ible p ers on; the identi fic ation o f the manu fac tu rer, a l loy de s ignation, nu mb er o f te s t s p e ci men s a nd nu mb er o f te s t s p e c i men s; c) the identi fic ation o f the s ample; d) the s p e ci men prep a ration me tho d: c a s ti ng , mach i n i ng; e) the c riteri a f) the chem ic a l comp o s ition ana lys i s me tho d and re s u lts; g) the typ e o f i n s tr u ment u s e d h) the cond ition s to eva luate the brightne s s o f i) the re s u lts o f brightne s s eva luation; j) a ny dep ar ture for na ke d eye i n s p e c tion and re s u lts; from for the brightne s s eva luation: manu fac tu rer, mo del; frac tu re d s u r face s; th i s c ument or any c i rc u m s ta nce s or i n fluence s th at may a ffe c t the re s u lts © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 16374:2016(E) Bibliography [1] ISO 2469, Paper, board and pulps — Measurement of diffuse radiance factor (diffuse reflectance [2] [3] ISO 7724-1, Paints and varnishes — Colorimetry — Part 1: Principles ASTM E 1164, Standard practice for obtaining spectrophotometric factor) evaluation data for object — colour © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 16374:2016(E) ICS 77.1 0.2 Price based on pages © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved