Tăng cường quản lý nhà nước trong hoạt động truyền hình việt nam hiện nay

BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRlTdNG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN •r- Tlfi THU THAI THU VAN TANG ClTONG QUAN LY NHA Nl/dC TRONG HOAT DONG TRUYEN HINH ■ ■ VIET NAM HIEN NAY ■ ■ LUAN VAN THAC SY Chuyen nganh: Kinh te chinh tri Ngirdi hiromg d^n: PGS.TS Vu Van Han HA NOI, THANG NAM 2003 Toi xin cam doan day la cong trinh nghien cUu cua ban than Cac tai lieu, so lieu luan van la trung thuc TAC GIA LUAN VAN Thai Thu Van MUC LUC Noi dung Chuong Mo dau Chuungl Trang NHUfNG VAN DE CHUNG VE VAI TRO QUAN LY NHA '8 NUdC TRONG HOAT DONG TRUYEN HINH 1.1 Su can thiet cua quan ly nha nircrc doi vdi hoat dong truyen hinh 1.1.1 1.1.2 Khai quat lich sir phat trien nganh truyen hinh Vai trd cua truyen hinh va tarn quan cua quan ly 10 nha nude doi vdi hoat dong truyen hinh 24 1.2 Noi dung quan ly nha nude hoat dong truyen hinh 1.2.1 Khai quat vai trd quan ly cua nha nude nen kinh te thi 24 trudng tit nghien ciru cac tu tudng kinh te lich sir 1.2.2 Noi dung quan ly nha nude hoat dong truyen hinh 28 Chuang II THl/C TRANG QUAN LY NHA Nl/dC TRONG HOAT 32 DONG DAI TRUYEN HINH VIET NAM HIEN NAY 2.1 Qua trinh hinh va phat trien cua nganh truyen hinh 32 Viet nam 2.1.1 Giai doan phat chirong trinh thirnghiem (1970-1976) 32 2.1.2 Giai doan 1976-1993 34 2.1.3 Giai doan tir 1993 den 36 2.2 Thuc trang quan ly nha nude doi vdi Dai truySn hinh Viet 36 Nam hien 2.2.7 Ve xdy dung he thong van ban phap ly, co che chinh 37 sach cua nha nude doi vdi Dai truyen hinh 41 2.2.2 Xdy dung doi ngu can bo, cong chitc va dao tao can bo 2.2.3 Ve dau tu xdy dung co so vat chat va ky thuat cong nghe 46 truyen hinh 2.3 Danh gia chung tuu va han che ve quan ly nha 55 nude doi vdi Dai truyen hinh 2.3:1 Nhung tuu ca ban 55 2.3.2 Nhung han che chit yeu 60 Chuong HI PHUONG HUCJNG VA GIAI PHAP TANG ClTONG 66 QUAN LY NHA NUdC TRONG HOAT DONG ■ ■ TRUYEN HINH VIET NAM NHUNG NAM TCN 3.1 Phuong hudng hoat dong truyen hinh Viet Nam nhung nam 66 tdi 3.1.1 Nhung yen can chinh doi vai su phat trien ciia hoat 66 dong truyen hinhnhung nam tdi 3.1.2 Phuang huang tang cudng quan ly nha nude hoat 67 dong truyen hinh Viet Nam nhung nam tai 3.2 Giai phap tang cudng quan ly nha nude doi vdi hoat dong 75 truyen hinh Viet Nam nhung nam tdi 3.2.1 Xdy dung luat truyen hinh 75 3.2.2 Tang cudng dau tu ca sd vat chat va cong nghe truyen 76 hinh 3.2.3 Nang cao chat luang va dam bao sd luang ve nguon 77 nhan luc 3.2.4 Tang cudng quan ly hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh phu 79 hap vdi ca chethi trudng 3.2.5 Hoan thien to chuc bo may hoat dong truyen liinh 3.2.6 Hoan thien 80 ca che, chinh sach tdi chinh cho truyen 80 hinh Ket loan 82 Danh muc tai lieu tham khao 83 Cac phu luc 85 Md DAU Tinh cap thiet cua van de nghien ciru Trai qua hon 30 nam xay dung va phat trien, Truyen hinh Viet Nam vdi chiic nang la mot co quan thong tin dai chung da gop phan quan vao su nghiep xay dung va bao ve to quoc Chuong trinh truyen hinh Quoc gia da co anh hudng sau rong den ddi song chinh tri- kinh te- xa hoi, gianh duqc cam tinh va long tin cay cua dong dao cac tang ldp nhan dan Chien luqc phat trien kinh te xa hoi 2001- 2010 cua Dai hoi Dang toan quoc lan thur IX cua Dang, nhan manh: "Phat trien va hien dai hoa mang ludi thong tin dai chung, nSng cao chat luqng cac san pham dich vu phat truyen hinh, bao chi xuat ban Den nam 2010 hoan co ban viec cap cac phuong tien phat truyen hinh den mdi gia dinh (nam 2005 dat 90%) Thuc hien cac chuong trinh tieng noi, chu viet dan toe qua sach bao, phat thanh, truyen hinh" San pham truyen hinh la hang hoa cong cong, nd cd tac dong sau rong den ddi song cong dong Vi vay quan ly nha nude doi vdi hoat dong truyen hinh cd y nghTa vd cung quan Nhung nam qua, nha nude ta da quan tarn tdi cong tac quan ly ddi vdi hoat dong truyen hinhViet nam Mot loat cac bien phap da duqc trien khai ve quan ly nha nude xay dung chuong trinh, san xuat, truydn ddn - phat song, doi mdi cong nghe, to chiic quan ly, dao tao doi ngu va co che tai chinh Tuy nhien, van de quan ly nha nude ddi vdi hoat dong truyen hinhluon la van de phai thudng xuyen quan tarn, bdi le nhu cau xa hoi ve truydn hinh luon bien doi, nang cao Vi vay, viec nghien ciru van de tang cudng quan ly nha nude hoat dong truyen hinhViet Nam la cd y nghta thiet thuc ca ve ly luan va thuc tidn Muc dich nghien ciru - Gop phan lam sang to nhung van de chung ve quan ly nha nude hoat dong truyen hinh - Phan tfch ro thirc trang quan ly nha nude hoat dong truyen hinh Viet Nam, nhung tuu, han che va nguyen nhan han che hien - Neu len nhung phuong hudng va giai phap nhiim tang cudng quan ly nha nude hoat dong truyen hinh nhung nam tdi Doi tirqng va pham vi nghien ciru Doi tuqng cua luan van nghien curu la quan ly nha nude linh vuc truyen hinh He thong truyen hinh Viet Nam hien gom Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam (bao gom ca cac dai khu vuc nhu Dai Truyen hinh Hue, Da NSng, Can Tho); Dai Truyen hinh va phat cac tinh va true thuoc Trung uong; Dai truyen hinh, truyen cac huyen, thi xa, thuoc tinh Vi vay quan ly nha nude hoat dong truyen hinhViet Nam phai quan tarn den cong tac quan ly toan bo he thong cac dai, tir dai truyen hinh Viet Nam, Dai Truyen hinh va phat cac tinh va true thuoc trung uong va Dai truyen hinh, truyen cac huyen, thi xa, thuoc tinh, dac biet chu y de'n hoat dong cua Dai truyen hinh Viet Nam Phuong phap nghien ciru Luan van su dung phuong phap truyen thong cua khoa hoc xa hoi la chu nghia vat bien chiing, ket hop vdi vat lich sir, ket hop logic vdi lich su, phan tich va tong hop Dong thdi su dung cac tai lieu so lieu thong ke, cac cong trinh nghien chu da duqc cong bo de lam ro muc tieu de tai Ket can uan van Ngoai md ddu, ket luan, danh muc tai lieu tham khao, luan vnn bao gom chuong Chuang Nhung van de chung ve quan ly nha nudc doi voi hoat dong truyen hinh Chuong II Thnc trang quan ly nha nuoc hoat dong truyen hinhViet Nam hien Chuong III Phuong hudng va giai phap tnng cubng quan ly nha nuoc doi voi hoat dong truyen hinhViet Nam nhung nnm toi Viec phat song truyen h'rnh da trO nen bien, do nam 1927 Chinh phu Hoa Ky da mot dao luat buoc cac cong ty phat phai phat mot kieu song rieng cua minh de khong gay nhieu cho cac cong ty phat khac Dao luat cung quy dinh cac cong ty phai co cac chuong trinh chat luong cao Dao luat noi rang "Khong gian thuoc ve tat ca moi nguOi, neu cac cong ty phat su dung khong gian de phat cho cac chuong trinh cua minh thi phai co bon phan phat cac chuong trinh tot" Dao luat cung ap dung cho cac cong ty phat hinh vo tuyen truyen hinh Nam 1934, mot nhom chuyen vien gom cac nha khoa hoc, ky su, cac vien choc Nha nuoc Hoa Ky tap hop to chuc dau tien cua hinh thuc "Dai truyen va truyen hinh" tren the" giOi To chuc duoc goi la "FCC" (Federal Communications Commission) co nghia la "Uy ban lien lac thong tin lien bang" FCC co quyen quyet dinh cho phep cong ty nao duoc phat cac chuong trinh truyen va truyen hinh FCC cho phep mOi cong ty phat hanh- truyen hinh duoc hoat dong vong nam, sau nam FCC se quyet dinh cong ty nao duoc tiep tuc phat song hoat dong va cong ty nao phai giai the vi chat luong chuong trinh kem, khong phuc vu tot, FCC cung khong dua mot kieu chuong trinh cu the nao cho cac cong ty phat hinh vo tuyen truyen hinh ma chi yeu cau ho phat chuong trinh co chat luong cao Vao nam 1936, dai truyen hinh cua Anh - dai BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) co tru sO tai London la dai truyen hinh phat song thudng xuyen dau tien tren the' giOi, hoat dong lien tuc nam, den nam 1939 phai dung vi chien tranh the' giOi lan thu II, nam sau, vao nam 1946 bat dau hoat dong trO lai cho den Dai Truyen hinh BBC su dung he thong ky thuat PAL (Phase Alternative Line) co 625 dong quet tren man hinh Cong ty phat truyen hinh quoc gia cua My NBC (National Broadcasting Company) bat dau nhu mot he thong Radio lon nhat o New York, sau da trO mot dai truyen hinh vao nam 1937 Dai truyen hinh su dung he thong ky thuat NTSC (National Television Standards Committee) co 525 dong quet tren man hinh Mot sO dai truyen hinh khac dung he thong ky thuat SECAM (Sequentielle Couleur Avec Memoire) Chien tranh the gidi thd hai bung no, tat ca cac nhan luc, vat luc chuyen sang phuc vu cong nghiep vu chien tranh Tuy nhien, mot so nha khoa hoc My va dac biet la Nhat che tao cac thiet bi phuc vu chien tranh da phat minh nhieu thiet bi may moc thiet bi, hien dai ma ve sau duqc ung dung rong rai linh vuc truyen hinh Sau chien tranh cham ddt, cung vdi su phat trien cua khoa hoc- ky thuat, cong nghiep san xuat vat tu, thiet bi truyen hinh phat trien nhanh chong, nhung may moc, linh kien phuc vu cho nganh truyen hinh duqc hoan thien nhanh chong tdi muc kho co the tuong tuqng noi Vi du, thiet bi ghi hinh, dung hinh, thu nhac, hoa am, truyen d£n, phat song, may thu hien dang chuyen dan sang cong nghe so hoa (digital) 1.1.2 Vai tro cua nganh truyen hinh va tarn quan cua quan ly nha nudc doi vdi hoat dong truyen high 1.1.2.1 Vai trd cua nganh truyen hinh Viet nant doi vcd su phat trien kinh te xa hoi Truyen hinh vua la san pham cua su nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, vua co tac dong tfch cuc doi vdi su nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nudc Co so vat chat cua truyen hinh duqc che' tao tu nhung nganh ky thuat cong nghe tien tien hien dai nhat cua the' gidi nhu: cong nghe tin hoc, dien tu, vien thong Nhung nganh nay, cung vdi mot sd' nganh cong nghe mui nhon khac nhu cong nghe sinh hoc se phat trien nhanh chong va lam chuyen bien ca the' gidi Mat khac, truyen hinh la mot linh vuc san xuat cong nghiep hien dai va tao san pham "hang hoa dac biet" cho ngudi tieu dung, no la san pham can thiet hang ve mat tinh than cho xa hoi cua ngudi su phat trien 10 Kinh te truyen hinh la mot van de chua duqc nhan thtic day du va dung d nudc ta Vai tro kinh te truyen hinh the hien d chd, no co tac dong den nen kinh te quoc dan nhu the nao? Ban than truyen hinh co lam duqc kinh te cho minh hay khong? Thuc ra, kinh te truyen hinh chi tinh duqc nguon thu nhap truyen hinh tu lam ra, ve hieu qua su tac dong tuyen truyen cua truyen hinh den cac linh vuc kinh te- xa hoi thi rat ldn, nhung cung chua tinh duqc va cung that kho ma tinh duqc Muon danh gia dung van de phai qua dieu tra rong ldn toan bo nen kinh te quoc dan ma cung chi co the dat duqc so tuong doi ma thoi Vi vay, noi den kinh te truyen hinh, d day chung toi chi de cap den khia canh truyen hinh lam kinh te nhu the nao? Tai cac quoc gia phat trien thi truyen hinh tro cac cong ty hoac cac hang truyen hinh hach toan nhu cac doanh nghiep O Viet Nam, th ddi den nay, truyen hinh hoat dong chu yeu bang co che bao cap cua Nha nudc (chi bang ngan sach Nha nudc) Nhung nam gan day, truyen hinh da va dang doi co che hoat dong de thich ting vdi nen kinh te thi trudng (ngan sach Nha nudc va nguon thu dich vu Nha nudc cho phep dau tu tro lai) Tren co sd nghien ctiu tham khao truyen hinh cac nudc, nganh truyen hinh Viet Nam can phai doi mdi co che kinh te cho phu hqp vdi co che kinh te cua dat nudc va kinh nghiem quan ly cua cac nudc Nhin tong quat, truyen hinh cung la nganh san xuat vat chat de lam san pham tinh than phuc vu xa hoi Da noi den san xua't va dich vu thi khong the khong noi den kinh te truyen hinh Kinh te truyen hinh vha co tinh chat dac thu vha tuan thu nhung quy luat va co che” hoat dong chung cua nen kinh te thi trudng O cac nudc, to chtic truyen hinh vha co Dai, Hang, Cong ty cua Nha nudc, vha co cua tu nhan va ho quan ly bang phap luat chung va Luat Bao chi truyen thong Con d Viet Nam va mot so nudc, Nha nudc doc quyen ve bao chi, phat thanh, truyen hinh va vay Nha nudc phai bao cap cho hoat dong th 80- 100% kinh phi hoat dong Phan thu duqc Nha nudc quan ly 11 tinh khu vuc bang band KU Sir dung khoa ma ky thuat so vdi phuong thurc quan ly thue bao bang the (Smart Card) Thue cung qua ve tinh vdi cac kenh truyen hinh quang ba VTV 1, VTV 2, VTV de dam bao cho thue bao dong thdi thu duoc cac chuong trinh quang ba va chuong trinh truyen hinh tra ti£n Ddi vdi phat trien mang truyen hinh cap (CATV), thuc hien xay dung mang CATV tai cac pho: Ha Noi, Hai Phong, Ha Long, Vinh, Hue, Nha Trang, Da Nang, TP Ho Chi Minh, Vung Tau, Can Tho, Da Lat va nhung dia phuong khac cd dieu kien Ket hop dich vu CATV vdi cac dich vu khac nhu truyen sd lieu, internet de tro mang da dich vu Dau tu nang cap mang VATV sang ky thuat sd theo tieu chuan chau Au DVB- C d nhung dia diem cd du dieu kien phat trien Ddi vdi he thong MMDS, can tri he thong MMDS tai Ha Noi va Ho Chi Minh Cd ke hoach tu nghiem MMDS ky thuat sd theo chuan DVB-MC Mo rong mang thu MMDS theo phuong thurc dung chung anten (MATV-Main Antena Television) 3.2 GIAI PHAP TANG CLO\IG QUAN LY NHA NUQC DOI VOl HOAT DONG TRUYEN HINH VIET NAM 3.2.1 Xay dung luat truyen hinh De the che hoa cac hoat dong cua truyen hinh Viet Nam, Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam can nhanh chong phoi hop cung cac co quan chirc nang xay dung du thao Luat truyen hinh de trinh Quoc hoi vao nam 2005 Day vira la co so phap ly, vira la cdng cu quan ly Nha nudc ddi vdi hoat dong cua truyen hinh xa hoi Luat truyen hinh dieu chinh cac van de lien quan deh chiic nang, nhiem vu va quyen han cua Truyen hinh Viet Nam, van de chi dao cua Dang, Nha nudc ddi vdi hoat dong truyen hinh, quan he giua Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam vdi cac co quan quan ly Nha nudc, vdi cac dia phuong va cac hoat dong truyen hinh khac Tren co sd bo luat nay, mo hinh to chiic cua truyen hinh 75 Viet Nam se duoc xac dinh va th se hinh cac co che quan ly noi chung va co che tai chinh noi rieng, tang cudng cac nguon thu th cac hoat dong truyen hinh cung nhu kha nang huy dong von th cac nguon dau tu quoc te' Co the noi bo Luat truyen hinh se la co sd vung chac, lau dai cho su phat trien cua Truyen hinh Viet Nam the ky 21 3.2.2 Tang coding dau tur cor sS vat chat va cong nghe truyen hinh Nhung tuu cua truyen hinh Viet Nam thdi gian qua khong the tach rdi cac hoat dong nghien chu, hng dung cac tuu khoa hoc ky thuat cac linh vuc dien th, vi6n thong va tin hoc De dam bao su phat trien cua nganh qua trinh chuyen doi th cong nghe tuong tu sang cong nghe so', Dai truyen hinh Viet Nam can trien khai nhung hoat dong nghien chu dinh hudng cong nghe, nham xac dinh phuong hudng cho cac hoat dong dau tu cong nghe va phat trien nganh Can hng dung cong nghe thong tin chat luong cac hoat dong quan ly a Boi vdi cong nghe san xuat chuang trinh - Tang cong nghe so' phan, giao dien SDI, SDTI - Tang dan ti so' hoa thng cong doan san xuat chuong trinh - Den nam 2005, co 50% chuong trinh duoc san xua't hoan toan bang cong nghe so Den nam 2010 co 100% chuong trinh duoc san xuat hoan toan bang cong nghe so b Boi vdi cong nghe truyen dan phat song Th 2001 den 2005 - Phat thh nghiem may phat song so' tai Ha Noi, pho' Ho Chi Minh - Truyen thh nghiem chuong trinh truyen hinh tren mang internet (ITV); - Hoan chinh, ban hanh tieu chuan DVB, DVB-S, DVB-C va ITV ap dung tai Viet Nam; 76 - Cac doanh nghiep nude hoan chinh, on dinh san pham may phat hinh so, may thu so va cac loai thiet bi thu khac - Den nam 2005 hoan chinh viec xay dung quy hoach mang tan so cong suat may phat song tren toan lanh tho c Doi vcd cong nghe quan ly Xay dung mang tin hoc dien rong lien ket toan nganh, Trung tam tfch hop du lieu va ting dung cong nghe thong tin de quan ly moi hoat dong nghiep vu cua nganh 3.2.3 Nang cao chat luqng va dam bao so luqng ve nguon nhan luc Nghi quyet Hoi nghi lan thti III Ban cha'p hanh Trung uong Dang (Khoa VIII) ve chien luoc can bo thdi ky day manh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nudc da khang dinh: "can bo la nhan to quyet dinh su bai cua cach mang, gan lien vdi van menh cua Dang, cua dat nudc, cua che do, cai goc cua moi cong viec" Hien dai hoa dat nudc la phai "dao tao dong bo doi ngu can bo cac nganh, cac cap, cac linh vuc co day du pham chat va nang luc ngang tam nhiem vu to ldn va phtic tap hien nay" Nhiem vu duoc the che hoa tai Dieu 25, chuong III cua Phap lenh can bo, cong chtic: "Co quan, to chtic co tham quyen quan ly can bo, cong chtic xay dung quy hoach, ke hoach va to chtic viec dao tao, boi dudng de tao nguon von va nang cao trinh do, nang luc cua can bo cong chtic Quan triet quan diem do, nhung nam gan day, dac biet la hon nam qua, Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam dao tao boi dudng hang tram can bo ca ve ly luan chfnh tri, quan diem dudng loi cua Dang, ve quan ly hanh chfnh, quan ly kinh te, khoa hoc, luat phap, van hoa, nghe thuat nham xay dung duoc doi ngu can bo co du ban linh chfnh tri, pham chat cach mang, nang 77 luc tri tue va to churc thuc tidn gop phan thuc hien nhiem vu ma Dang va nhan dan giao cho tren mat tran chinh tri tu tuong So luong can bo duoc bo sung tur nguon dao tao cua Bo Giao due va dao tao (tot nghiep cac trudng dai hoc ky thuat cd the thoa man, nhung ddi vdi ky thua vien chuyen nganh va nghiep vu bao chi truyen hinh cung cac nganh nghe thuat khac cd lien quan den truydn hinh thi khong du De bu ddp su thieu hut nganh truyen hinh phai tu dao tao lay dudi nhieu hinh thde De dam bao cho su phat trien chung cua nganh truydn hinh nhung nam tdi , cong tac dao tao can bo phai duqc dac biet coi Sd luong cdng churc nganh truyen hinh can duqc dao tao lai (dao tao cap va dao tao cap nhat) la rat ldn de tirng budc xoa di khoang each giua nhan thurc cua ngudi lao dong nganh vdi nhip phat trien chung cua nganh Xuat phat tir nhung dac thu noi dung hoat dong rieng cua nganh, "Quy hoach dao tao boi dudng can bo cdng churc Truyen hinh Viet Nam' se di vao ddi tuong chinh: cdng churc chuyen mon thuoc linh vuc noi dung, cdng chirc chuyen mon thuoc linh vuc khoa hoc ky thuat va cdng churc chuyen mon thuoc linh vuc quan ly a Doi vdi doi ngu cdng chuc kho'i quan ly Can tang cudng boi dudng kien thurc ve quan ly nha nudc, boi dudng ve ly luan chinh tri, cap nhat kien thurc phap luat va dao tao ngoai ngu va tin hoc cho doi ngu b Doi vdi doi ngu cong chuc chuyen mon Tang cudng boi dudng chuyen mon nghiep vu,kien thde ly luan chinh tri va hanh chinh Nha nudc, phap luat, dao dure cdng vu, ngoai ngu va tin hoc De thuc hien dinh hudng tren, hang nam se cu, tuyen khoang tir 10 den 15 ngudi dao tao va ngoai nudc de den nam 2010 nganh Truyen hinh se cd khoang 150 chuyen gia gidi tren tat ca cac linh vuc: noi dung, ky thuat, 78 quan ly.Xuat phat th yeu cau Trung tam dao tao phat thanh- truyen hinh can duoc cung co va phat trien len Hoc vien Phat thanh- truyen hinh vao giai doan th 2001 den 2005 Can cung cd va nang cap trudng trung hoc Truydn hinh trudng Cao dang Truyen hinh; Thanh lap Hoc vien Truyen hinh tren co so hop nhat va nang cap cac co sd dao tao va nghien chu cua Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam hien Tang cudng doi ngu can bo, giao vien dac biet la giang vien kiem nhiem Mo rong quan he hop tac quoc te, dac biet la cac trudng dai hoc, cac vien nghien cuu, cac to chhc phat thanh, truyen hinh khu vuc Phoi hop vdi cac co sd nghien chu, dao tao nude cung nhu ngoai nudc de dao tao can bo sau dai hoc 3.2.4 Tang cudng quan ly hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh phu hop vdi co che thi trudng - Tiep tuc thuc hien Quyet dinh sd 87/2001/QD-TTg cua Thu tudng Chinh phu ve thuc hien thi diem khoan thu, khoan chi tai chinh ddi vdi hoat dong cua Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam -To chute quan ly he thong truyen hinh trd tien Dai truyen hinh Viet Nam quan ly thong nhat ca vd ky thuat va noi dungchuong trinh Phoi hop vdi cac dia phuong theo phuong thirc cung hop tac dau tu xay dung cac mang truyen dan CATV - Giai phap ky thuat quan ly thue bao Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam phat song cac chuong trinh truyen hinh tra tidn qua he thong DTH Quan ly chuong trinh va thue bao duoc thuc hien bang ky thuat khoa ma theo dia chi cd su dung the giai ma (Smart Card) Tai cac tram phan phoi CATV, MMDS cua cac tinh, se quan ly thue bao bang cac he thong khoa ma theo dia chi - Xay dung chien luoc phat trien dich vu truyen hinh tra tien, dich vu internet, truydn sd lieu phu hop vdi tilng giai doan 79 3.2.5 Hoan thien to chuc bo may hoat dong truyen hinh - Tiep tuc kien toan to churc bo may theo Nghi dinh mdi cua Thu tudng Chinh phu ve chuc nang, nhiem vu va to churc bo may cua Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam - Thanh lap Ban bien tap truyen hinh Cap, Ban bien tap phim truyen truyen hinh, Ban Bien tap chuong trinh tieng Dan toc, Ban bien tap chuong trinh thieu men, Ban quan ly khoa hoc ky thuat truyen hinh, Hoc vien truyen hinh - Thanh lap cac co quan thudng tru tai Niu ooc, Bang Coc, Bac Kinh, Pari (giai doan 2001- 2005) vung Bac My Chau Phi va mot so' khu vuc tren the gidi co dieu kien, nham tang cudng hoat dong thong tin do'i ngoai, phuc vu cong dong ngudi Viet Nam o nudc ngoai 3.2.6 Hoan thien co che chinh sach dau tu tai chinh cho truyen hinh Theo tinh toan, tong kinh phi thuc hien quy hoach Truyen hinh Viet Nam giai doan 2001- 2010 can 12.960 ti dong SO' kinh phi duqc huy dong th nhieu nguon khac nhu ODA, Ngan sach Nha nudc, Von lien doanh, Von huy dong th cac nguon khac, Nguon thu th hoat dong quang cao va truyen hinh cap Sau nam 2010 chung ta co so' von tich luy th viec tiet kiem chi, tang thu la 941,1 ty dong, day la nguon von lam tien de phat trien nhung nam tiep theo (do la chua ke nguon thu th le phi truyen hinh) Nhu vay, co the noi th sau nam 2005, Dai truyen hinh Viet Nam co the tu hoat dong ma it nhd tdi su dau tu cua nha nudc (vi cac cong trinh ldn Nha nudc da dau tu giai doan 2001- 2005) Th 2006 Dai truyen hinh Viet Nam co the tu chu ve tai chinh De day nhanh cho dau tu phat trien, dac biet la mang phat hinh quoc gia VTV co the vay von th quy hd trq phat trien cua Nha nudc Th nam 2001, Thu tudng Chinh phu da cho phep Dai THVN thi diem khoan thu, khoan chi doi vdi su nghiep truyen hinh nham tao co che quan ly mdi, tiet kiem hon nua cac nguon luc, phat huy quyen chu dong cong tac quan ly, su dung 80 co hieu qua kinh phi, tai san cua nha nudc, gan vdi cai each hanh chinh, tien luong va kha nang huy dong, khai thac nguon thu dam bao chirc nang, nhiem vu duqc giao Cac khoan thu cua Dai THVN bao gom: Thu th cac hoat dong quang cao; Thu tir dich vu truyen hinh tra tien; Thu le phi th khan gia xem truyen hinh: Viec trien khai thu le phi xem truyen hinh, cac quy dinh ve do'i tuong, cac mire le phi can duqc can nhac de dao bao khong anh hudng tdi nhu cau va kha nang xem truyen hinh cua moi tang ldp nhan dan; Cac nguon khac Hudng tang nguon thu tir quang cao, dich vu truyen hinh tra tien va thu le phi ngudi xem truyen hinh la nang cao tinh hap dan cua chuong trinh truyen hinh de vira phuc vu khan gia, vira thu hut quang cao; Nghien ciru, de xuat phuong thtre thu le phi truyen hinh mot each hop ly; Trude tien cd the to chirc thu thi diem tai Ha Noi va pho' Ho Chi Minh, sau trien khai cac tinh, ldn Tang nguon von dau tu cho truyen hinh tra tien va quan ly thue bao can tang cudng von vay ngan hang va cac to chirc cd vo'n vay uu dai; huy dong tir viec hop tac, lien doanh vdi cac do'i tac va tang dau tu tir nguon thu cd tir hoat dong dich vu truyen hinh tra tien De hoan cac muc tieu co ban cua quy hoach phat trien Truyen hinh Viet Nam de'n nam 2010, Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam can tap trung dau tu durt diem timg hang muc, cdng trinh (Ju tien cho cac cong trinh se dong vai tro chu dao he tho'ng truyen hinh quo'c gia, true tie'p gop phan dam bao cac muc tieu co ban ve dien phu song va thdi luong chuong trinh 81 KET LUAN Luan van da de cap duoc nhung van de chu yeu sau day Truyen hinh la mot loai hang hoa cong cong, co tac dong rong rai tdi dong dao quan chung nhan dan viec tuyen truyen chu truofng chfnh sach cua Dang va Nha nudc, thuc hien cac nhiem vu kinh te chfnh tri xa hoi va ngoai nudc, xay dung va bao ve di san van hoa dan toc, giao duc quan chung hinh nhan cach ngudi, dong thdi gop phan thoa man nhu cau giai trf, van hoa, nghe thuat cho quan chung nhan dan Vi vay, viec tang cudng quan ly nha nudc doi vdi hoat dong truyen hinhcan phai coi Nhung nam qua, Dang va Nha nudc ta da cham lo tdi su phat trien cua truyen hinh Cong tac quan ly nha nudc doi vdi hoat dong truyen hinhda co nhieu doi mdi Nhieu chu truong, chfnh sach duoc ban hanh nham mo rong hoat dong va nang cao chat luong truyen hinh Dai truyen hinh Viet nam cung nhu dai phat va truyen hinh cac dia phuong cung co nhieu co' gang viec xay dung co so vat chat ky thuat truyen hinh, dao tao boi dudng nguon nhan luc lam cong tac truyen hinh, doi mdi cong tac quan ly hoat dong Nhd vay, pham vi hoat dong va chat luong truyen hinh da tung budc duoc nang cao Tuy nhien, nhu cau ve truyen hinh cua nhan dan cang tang, khoa hoc cong nghe truyen hinh tren the' gidi cang phat trien manh me, cang doi hoi phai tang cudng cong tac quan ly nha nudc do'i vdi nganh truyen hinh Vi vay, viec xay dung luat truyen hinh, hoan thien he thong chuong trinh, phat song va truyen dan phat song ky thuat truyen hinh, nang cao trinh doi ngu, tang cudng cong tac to chtic quan ly, hoan thien co che' chfnh sach dau tu tai chfnh cang tot hon la nhung van de can duoc day manh nhung nam tdi 82 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Chi thi sd 32/1998/CT-TTg 23/9/1998 cua Thu tudng Chinh phu vd cong tac quy hoach tong the phat trien kinh te xa hoi thdi ky den 2010 Chi thi sd 58-CT/TW 17 thang 10 nam 2000 cua Bo Chinh tri ve day manh ung dung va phat trien cong nghe thong tin Cong van sd 7689 BKH/CLPT 06/11/1998 cua Bo Ke hoach va dau tu ve viec trien khai thuc hien Chi thi 32/1998/CT-TTg cua Thu tudng Chinh phu Cong van sd 2481/VPCP-VX 07/6/1999 cua Van phong Chinh phu ve viec xay dung "Quy hoach phat trien THVN den nam 2010" Nguy6n Quoc Huy (Nam 2000) Hoan thien td churc va quan ly hoat dong xuat nhcip khau vat tu thiet bi truydn hinh Viet nam Luan an tien sy Dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan Nguy£n Van Lam (1998) Hoan thien cong tac lap va tham dinh cac du an dau tu xay dung Dai truyen hinh Viet nam Luan an thac sy Quan tri kinh doanh Dai hoc Kinh te' quoc dan Pham Bich Loan (1996) Hoan thien co che' quan ly kinh te' nganh truyen hinh Viet Nam Luan an PTS khoa hoc kinh te' Trudng dai hoc Kinh te' quoc dan Nghi dinh sd 52/CP 16/8/1993 cua Chinh phu ve churc nang, nhiem vu quyen han va to churc bo may cua Dai truydn hinh Viet Nam Quy hoach truydn hinh Viet nam den nam 2010 Dai Truydn hinh Viet nam 10 Quy hoach td churc can bo va dao tao 2002-2010 Dai truydn hinh Viet nam 11 Quy hoach tai chinh Dai truydn hinh Viet nam nam 2000 den nam 2010 83 12 Quyet dinh so 925 QD/TC-THVN 19/11/1998 cua Tong Giam doc Dai THVN ve viec lap Ban quy hoach tong the phat trien Dai THVN den nam 2010 13 Quyet dinh so 87/2001/QD-TTg cua Thu tudng Chinh phu ve thuc hien thi diem khoan thu, khoan chi tai chinh doi vdi hoat dong cua Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam 14 Quyet dinh so 112/2001/QD-TTg 25 thang nam 2001 cua Thu tudng Chinh phu phe duyet de an tin hoc hoa quan ly hanh chinh Nha nudc giai doan 2001- 2005 15 Tran Binh Trong (1998) Giao trinh Kinh te chinh tri Mac-Lenin Tap NXB Giao due 1998 84 Thdi luong theo noi dung chuong trinh Phu luc 1: Thdi su, chinh tri Thoi luong San xuat moi Tong PS 1995 507 3.420 1996 650 1997 Khoa giao Chi phi Thdi luong San xuat moi Tong PS 5.349 136 1.027 3.049 3.496 239 652 2.938 7.546 1998 700 5.939 1999 1.106 2000 1.115 Van nghe, giai tri Chi phi Thdi luong Chi phi San xuat moi Tong PS 2.381 414 1.028 13.584 1.377 1.828 678 3.255 15.080 564 1.832 2.917 977 3.254 15.548 6.400 623 2.747 4.305 1.480 4.120 23.423 6.940 8.919 583 3.210 4.112 1.428 4.815 33.726 6.974 1.0577 923 3.226 5.708 1.655 4.838 53.792 Tong thdi luong theo kenh may phat Kenh 9-V1 Kenh 11-V2 Kenh 22-V3 h/nam h/ngay h/nam 1995 4.124 11.3 1.125 3.1 1996 4.967 13.6 2.120 5.8 1997 4.196 14.2 2.192 822 1998 4.785 13.1 4.156 11 1999 4.076 11.2 4.671 2000 4.197 11.5 4.818 May phat ve tinh h/ngay h/nam h/ngay h/nam CT doi ngoai phat ve tinh h/ngay h/nam h/ngay 7.070 19.4 365 6.042 16.6 365 2.4 6.726 18.4 1.460 3.993 10.9 12.17 33.3 1.460 12.8 4.657 12.8 12.84 35.2 1.460 13.2 4.680 12.8 12.89 35.3 1.460 (Bai truyen tinh Viet Nam - trung tam san xuat chuong trinh ) 85 - Phat song chuong trinh khu vuc Nam Khu vuc Hue (gid/ngay) Khu vuc Ha NSng (gid/ngay) Khu vuc Can Thu (gid/ngay) 1995 1996 9.5 1997 1998 8.5 7.5 1999 9.5 8.5 2000 9 Cu cau thdi luong tu san xuat, khai thac, phat lai qua tu'ng nam: Phat song quoc gia San xuat mdi Tong Tong % gid Tu Mua Khai san chuong thac xuat trinh 1995 920 137 2.124 1996 1.447 120 1997 2.042 1998 gid % % % chuong khai tu chuong chuong phat san song xuat 3.181 5.475 17 39 58 2.366 3.933 7.681 19 31 51 150 3.150 5.342 8.024 25 39 67 2.675 128 3.498 6.301 12.806 21 27 49 1999 2.952 165 3.465 6.582 14.965 23 1.3 27 43 2000 3.480 213 3.286 6.979 15.038 23 1.4 22 46 trinh trinh trinh thac mdi mdi 86 - Phat song khu vuc Dai TH Da Nang Dai TH Hue Nam Dai TH Can Tho Tu san Tong thoi % san Tu san Tong thoi % san Tu san Tong thoi % san xuat luong xuat xuat luong xuat xuat luong xuat 1995 273 1.825 15 344 2.299 15 362 2.482 15 1996 290 1.877 15.5 355 2.355 15 367 2.488 15 1997 232.5 1.693 13.7 399 3.481 11 339 2.489 14 1998 299 2.377 12.6 536 3.285 16 350 2.920 12 1999 312 2.555 12.2 493 3.103 16 328 3.468 2000 277 2.592 10.7 572 3.139 18 564 3.110 18 81 Phu luc 2: Ke hoach gid chuong trinh phat song Truyen hinh quang ba VTV VTV VTV 18 h/ngay 6-16 h/ngay 5.475 6.570 2.190 18 h/ngay 24 h/ngay 24 h/ngay 5.475 6.570 2.920 VTV Giai doan 2001- 2005 18,5 h/ngay 14-18 h/ngay Tong so gid/nam 6.570 Giai doan 2006- 2010 18,5 h/ngay Tong so gid/nam 5.570 88 VTV 12 h/ngay Tieng dan toc Khu vuc 2-8 h/ngay lOh/ngay x 12 h/ngay lOh/ngay x 10 3.650 3.650 x 10 - Thu quang cao va nguon khac 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 100 184 225 225 273 307 Tong 87.821 161.456 197.486 197.584 240.026 269.457 TH Quoc 54.804 97.461 122.452 141.080 186.003 221.617 Hue 2.085 5.215 6.516 4.959 5.494 5.369 Da Nang 11.619 24.318 26.720 22.326 30.510 31.971 Can Tho 19.313 34.459 41.798 29.219 18.018 10.500 Tang trudng gia - Tong cac nguon thu (ngan sach, quang cao va cac nguon khac) 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 100 155 187 165 212 231 Tong 165.365 256.590 309.936 311.201 350.150 382.111 TH Quoc 117.915 175.080 216.639 237.268 278.745 320.134 Hue 6.626 9.704 11.604 10.779 11.133 9.002 Da N2ng 15.394 29.291 32.152 26.804 36.155 35.126 Can Tho 25.430 42.515 49.541 36.350 24.116 17.849 Tang trudng gia Ghi chu: Nguon phu luc 1,2, Ddi truyen hinh Viet nam 90