Chuyển dịch cơ cấu kinh tê nông nghiệp nông thôn theo hướng công nghiệp hoá, hiện đại hoá trên địa bàn huyện thuộc đồng bằng bắc bộ lấy ví dụ ở huyện ninh giang

BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN NGUYEN TRONG THUA CHLJYEN DICH CO CAU KINH TE NONG NGHIEP NONG THON THEO HU()NG CONG NGHIEP HOA, HIEN DAI HOA TREN DIA BAN HUYEN THUOC DONG BANG BAC BO LAY VI DU HUYEN NINH GIANG TINH HAI DUONG LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE Ma so: 5.02.01 DAI HOC KTQD_ THONG TIN THU VIEN Nguai Inrang dan klioa hoc: GIAO SU, TIEN SY PHAM QUANG PHAN HA NOI - 2006 LOI CfiM ON Luan van lhac sy kinh te "Chuyen dich ccrcau kinh tenong nghiep nong llidn theo hating cdng nghiep hod, hien dai hod tren dia ban huyen thuoc dong bang Bae bo - Lay vi du d huyen Ninh Giang tinh Hai Dtfctng" dupe hoan lhanh qua thdi gian hoc lap nghien curu tai trirdng Dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan Ha Noi cung qua trinh cong lac tai Huyen uy Ninh Giang tinh Hai Duong Toi xin bay to long biel on sau sic tdi Bo mOn Kinh te chi'nh tri, Khoa Dao tao dai hoc va sau dai hoc cung cac thiy giao, co giao cua truong Dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan; Giao sir, Tien sy Pham Quang Phan da true tiep hudng din, giup qua trinh hoan lhanh luan van Toi xin cam on cac dia phirong, cac co quan, ca nhfin lien quan da ung ho giup va tao dieu kien thuan lqi qua trinh thuc hien luan van Trong mol thoi gian khong nhieu mac du co nhieu co gang nghien cun long hop danh gia phan ti'ch song luan van khOng tranh khdi nhung thieu sot rat mong dupe sir chi bao, lham gia cua cac thay, co va dong nghiep de luan van hoan chinh va thiet ihirc Toi xin chan cam on! Tac giii luan van Nguyen Trong Thura MUC LUC Trang L0I M() DAU CHU'ONG NHUNG VAN DE LY LEAN VA THITC TlfcN CHUYEN DICH CO CAU KINH TE NONG NGHIEP NONG THON IREN DIA BAN HUYEN DONG BANG BAC BO 1.1- Co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon va chuyen click co can kink te nong nghiep nong thon: 1.1.1- Cm edit kinh te nong nghiep nong thon 1.1.1.1- Kinh te nong nghiep nong thon 1.1.1.2- Ccf cau kinh te 1.1.1.3- Ccf edit kinh te nong nghiep nong thon 1.1.2- Chuyen (licit cm cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon 1.1.2.1- Khdi mem chuyen dich ccf cau KTNNNT 1.1.2.2- Phan loqi ca cau KT NN NT 1.1.2.3- Sic can thiet chuyen dich ccf cau KT NN NT 11 1.1.2.4- He thong chi tieu ddnh gid chuyen dich CC KT NN NT 13 1.2- Cac nhan to anh kirong tdi str hink tkank va chuyen dick co 16 can kink te nong ngkiep nong Ikon 1.2.1- Nlibni cac nhdn to ve died kien tic nhien 16 1.2.2- Nhdin cac nhdn to kinh te - xd hoi 17 1.2.3- Nhdm nhdn to ve to chute - ky thuat 20 1.3- l ink hink ckuyen dick co cau kink te nong ngkiep nong tkon 21 tren dia ban kuyen cua vimg dong bang Bac bo 1.3.1 -Nlticng quan diem chi dqo ve chuyen dich CCKTNNNT theo humng CNH, 111)11 1.3.2- Tinli hiith chuyen dich co cau KTNNNT cua vung dong bang Bac bo theo humng CNII, HD11 1.3.3- Nhiing bai hoc kinh nghiem rut qua chuyen dich cm cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon 25 (HUONG TH VC tram; chuyen dich CO cau kinh te nong NGHlfeP NONG THON O HUYEN NINH GIANG- TINH HAI DUONG 26 2.1- Tiem nSng va dieu kien tac dong den qua trinh chuyen dich CCKTNNNT d huyen Ninh Giang tinh Hai Duong 2.2- Thue trang chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong 33 thon huven Ninh Giang - Tinh Hai Duong 2.2.1- Qua trinh chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon huyen Ninh Giang thdi ky 2001 - 2005 2.2.1.1- Nong nghiep, Ngit nghiep 33 2.2.1.2- Cong nghiep, lieu thi'i cong nghiep va xdy dung 39 2.2.1.3- Khdi cdc ngdnh dich vu 42 2.2.1.4- Co so tang 46 2.2.1.5- Cdc linh vuc van hod - xa hoi 50 2.2.2- Cdc lot the rd thdeh thuc ddt qua trinh chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon cua huyen Ninh Giang 2.2.2.1- Loi the ve kinh te - Xd hoi 52 2.2.2.2- Loi theveDK tunhien va ngudn luc ngudi 53 2.2.3- Bdnh gid chung ve sit chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong 58 nghiep- nong thon liuyen Ninh Giang- Tilth Hai Ditong *Danh gid chung 58 * Nhung ket qua dqt ditoc 59 * Nhitng nguyen nhdn ton tai va nguyen nhdn yen kem 62 ( HUONG 3: PHUONG HUONG VA CAC GIAI PHAP CHU YfsU THUC HAY CHUYEN DICH CO CAU KINH IE NONG NGHlfiP NONG THON 64 CUA HUYEN NINH GIANG DEN 2010 3.1- Phuong liudng chuyen dich kinh te nong nghiep nong Ilion cua liuyen Ninh Giang, tinh Hai Duong theo liudng CNH, HDI1 3.1.1- Quan diem vd muc tieu chuyen dich 3.1.2- Cdc phitong an chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon huyen Ninh Giang 64 64 66 3.2- Cac giai phap clui yeu thuc day chuyen dich co cau kinh te NNNT cua huyen Ninh Giang den nam 2010 3.2.1- Muc tieu va dinh hirdng 70 3.2.2- Giai phap chuyen dich co cau nganh 72 3.2.2.1- Giaiphap ve nong nghiep 72 3.2.2.2- Giai phap ve linh vuc cong nghiep xdy dung 78 3.2.2.3- Giai phap ve linh vUc dich vu vd thuerng mai 80 3.2.3- Giai phap ve linh vac ket cau tang 83 3.2.4- Giai phap ve cac linh vurc xa hoi 86 3.2.5- Giai phap ve chuyen dich co cau vung 88 * Quy hoach sti dung dat 88 * QH phan bo dat dai den nam 2010 91 * Ph at trien thi vd dan ett 94 * Mot so mo hinh phat trien 95 3.2.6- Mot so chirong trinh va de an cu the KET LUAN TAI LIEU TH AM KHAO 96 98 DANH MUC BANG BIEU Ten bieu So trang Bieu 1: Dan so trung blnh huyen Ninh Giang giai doan 2000 - 2005 29 Bieu 2: Dir bao dan so va nguon lao dong 29 Bieu 3: Ty le dfiu ttr vao cac vung ca nude 31 Bi6u 4: Dir kien mot so chi tieu giai doan 2001-2010 31 Bie’u 5: Co cS'u GTSXNN giai doan 2000-2005 33 Bic’u 6: Dien tich cay luong thuc hang nam 35 Bi4u 7: San luong luong thuc 35 Bie’u 8: Dien tich cSy hang nam 36 Bieu 9: Gia tri san xuA't cac nganh CN 40 Bieu 10 : Kho'i luong vSn tai 43 Bieu 11: Ty lc dong gop cua cac nganh khoi nganhdich vu 45 Bidu 12: GDP huyen thdi ky 1997-2002 52 Bie’u 13: Ty ie lao ddng phan theo trinh chuyen mon 54 Bie’u 14: Cac chi tieu cua Ninh Giang noi bo vungca nude 57 Bieu 15: Dir kien dan gia sue gia cam 76 Bieu 16: Tong hop Quy hoach su dung ddt 93 NHUNG CHC VIET TAT TRONG LUAN VAN Cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa CNH, HDH Chu nghla xa hoi CNXH Hop lac xa HTX Nong nghiep nong thon NNNT Kinh te xa hoi KTXH Tong san phdm xa hoi Iren dia ban GDP Co cau kinh te CCKT Nong nghiep NN Cong nghiep CN Dich vu DV Thircfng mai TM Ticu thu cong nghiep TTCN Giao thong nong thon GTNT Chung nhan quyen sir dung CNQSD An ninh Quoc phong ANQP Kicn co hoa kenh mirong KCHKM Vat lieu xay dirng VLXD Tieu hoc TH Trung hoc co so THCS Trung hoc thong TH PT The due the thao TDTT Trung irong TW Gia tri san xual GTSX Dan so - ke hoach hoa gia dinh DS-KHHGD Xual nhap khdu XNK Trach nhiem hull han TNHH BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN NGUYEN TRONG THUa CHUYEN DICH CO CAU KINH TE NONG NGHIEP NONG THON THEO HUONG CONG NGHIEP HOA, HIEN DAI HOA TREN DIA BAN HUYEN THUOC DONG BANG BAC BO - LAY VI DU HUYEN NINH GIANG TINH HAI DlTONG TOM TAT LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE H A NOI - 2006 L()I M0 DAU Tinh cap thiet cua de tai: Trong co cft'u GDP cua vung dong bang Bdc Bo ty cua nganh nong nghiep cao; san xuat nong nghiep lai chu yeu la trot, chan nuoi chua phat trien the’ hien d ty nganh chan nuoi thap Mat khac, nganh trdng trot ty cua cac loai cay co gia tri kinh te cao thap, Nhir viiy van de chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep, nong thon theo hudng cong nghiep hoa hien dai hoa la mot van de quan va co tinh cap thiet doi vdi vung BSc Bo Trong chuyen doi co cau kinh te nong nghiep, nong thon d dia ban huyen giu mot vi tri het sure quan Tir tinh hinh thuc tidn tren toi da chon de tai “Chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon theo hitting CNH, Hf)H tren dia ban huyen thudc ddng bang Bae bo - Lay vi du ti huyen Ninh Giang tinh Hai Ditang” lam luan van thac sy kinh te cua minh Tinh hinh nghien cuu: Xuat phat tir vai tro chuyen dich co cS'u kinh te nong nghiep, nong thon doi vdi su phat trien ndn kinh te da co mot so cong trinh nghien ciru vd co cau kinh te quoc dan va chuyen dich co cau nen kinh te quoc dan Tuy nhien chua co cong trinh nghien cuu nao di sau nghien cuu ky van de chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon d cap huyen qua trinh CNH-HDH (Dac biet d huyen Ninh Giang - Tinh Hai Duong) VI vay viec nghien cuu de tai co linh chat cap thiet va y nghTa ly luan thuc tidn tinh hinh hien Muc dich nghien ciru cua de tai: Tren co so he thong hoa mot so van de ly luan va phan tich thuc tidn cua chuyen dich co cau kinh te, tir de xuat phuong hudng va cac giai phap ve chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep, nong thdn d eft'p huyen vung dong bang Bac bo thdi gian tdi Di sau nghien ciru chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thdn d huyen Ninh Giang giai doan 2000-2005 den nam 2010 Doi tuong va pham vi nghien ciru: Tap trung vao danh gia chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep, nong thon thco nganh va theo vung lanh tho iron dia ban huyen, lay huyen Ninh Giang lam vi du Ph phap nghien curu cua luan van: De tai sir dung he thong phtrong phap nghien cun gom dieu tra, khao sat, thong ke, phan rich, tong hop Ngoai van dung va ke thira nhtrng ket qua nghien ciru da di trtrdc Nhtrng dong gop cua de tai: Tong hop nhtrng van de ly luan vd chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon Tren co so phan tich, danh gia kel qua chuyen dich tren dia ban huyen thuoc dong bang Bac bo (Lay huyen Ninh Giang lam vi du) xSy dung phirong hirdng va giai phap de chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep, nong thOn thcri ky cOng nghiep hoa, hicn dai hoa tren dia ban huyen Qua rut nhtrng bai hoc, kinh nghiem de phat trien va chuyen dich kinh te nong nghiep, nong thon d cap huyen vung ddng bang Bac Bo mot each toan dien va hieu qua Ket cau luan van: Ngoai phan mo dau va ket luan, noi dung cua luan van gom co ba chuong : Chuong 1: Nhung van de ly luan va thuc tien chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon tren dia ban huyen d ddng bang Bac Bd Chuang 2: Thuc trang chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon d huyen Ninh Giang - Hai Duong Chtrong 3: Phuong hudng va cdc giai phap chu yen thuc day chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thdn cua huyen Ninh Giang - Hai Duong den 2010 87 xa Trong lam la dao lao can bo chuyen mon va cong nhan ky thuat de du sure dap ung nhung doi hoi cua co che kinh te thi trudng - Da dang hoa cac loai hinh dao lao, md them trudng ngoai cong lap d khu vuc mau giao, trung hoc ccf sd va thdng trung hoc - Tao dieu kien thuan loi de giao vien yen lam nghe nghiep lung budc thuc hicn cac chuong trinh bdi dudng thudng xuyen nang cao pham chdt va nang lire cua ddi ngu giao vien theo chuan quoc gia * y te Quan diem chung la nang cao sue khoe cong ddng theo quan diem du phdng tich cue, giao due dinh dudng, ve sinh phdng benh, ren luyen than the’ nang cao hieu qua tri benh Phdng chong benh tat de khong cho cac loai benh dich truyen nhiem, ky sinh trung, benh truyen nhidm d tre em tai phat Ket hop y hoc hien dai vdi y hoc cd truyen, da dang hoa cac loai hinh kham, chua benh Xa hoi hoa nganh y te, giai quyet tot cac van de co lien quan nhu giao due sure khoe cai tao mdi trudng song va lao ddng lheo phuefng cham phdng benh hon chua benh Thda man nhu cau vd thuoc phdng va chua benh cho cu dan huyen dudi su quan ly chat che cua Nha nudc * Vd/z hoa thdng tin, the due the than Phat trien van hoa thong tin phai thuc hien tot linh than Nghi quyet TW (khoa VIII) ve "xay dung va phat trien ndn van hoa Viet Nam tien tien, dam da ban sic dan toe" Day manh cuoc van dong "Phong trao loan dan doan ket xay dung ddi song van hoa", tich circ trien khai thuc hien "De an xay dung ddi song van hoa co sd huyen Ninh Giang " Phat huy moi ngudn luc, timg budc cai thien va nang cao chat luong cuoc song cua cac tang Idp nhan dan huyen de phat trien kinh td-xa hoi, dap ung yeu cau cua su nghiep cong nghiep hoa-HDH nong nghiep va ndng thon Bao tdn va ton tao, quan ly va su dung cac di lich nham khoi day long tu hao van hoa dan toe cac tang Idp nhan dan, khoi phuc va phat trien cac hinh thuc van nghe dan gian Hudng cac le nghi, phong luc vao nhung hoat dong lanh manh lam phong phu nhu cau 88 van hoa cua cu dan Cung co va phat trien cac hinh thuc thong tin dai chung, day manh cong lac tuyen truyen giao due nhan dan chap hanh chu truong dudng loi cua Dang, chinh sach va phap luat cua nha nudc, xay dung nep song lanh manh, van minh, gia dinh van hoa Phat trien van hoa di doi vdi cdng tac quan ly ngan chan cac bieu hien phi van hoa, cac Ini luc me tin di doan va cac te nan xa hoi khac Tang cudng cdng tac quan ly Nha nudc tren linh vuc van hoa Day lui va phong chong co hieu qua cac te nan xa hdi, thuc hien tot Nghi dinh 87/CP va Chi thi 814/TTg cua Thu tudng Chinh phu tren linh vuc van hoa Ddng thdi, to chuc thuc hien tot chi thi 27-CT/TW cua Bo Chinh tri ve viec thuc hien nep song van minh viec cudi, vice tang va Id hoi Xay dung nha van hoa, cau lac bo xa Quan ly chat che va thuc hien tot churc nang boat ddng cua Trung lam van hoa huydn Tung budc xay dung cac cdng trinh van hda, tao them co sd vat chat va trang thiet bi mdi, phuong lien ky thuat hien dai de dap ung nhu cau cang tang cua cong ddng 3.2.5- Giai phap chuyen dich co cau viing * Qui hoach su dung dat Qui hoach phan bd sir dung dal dai la mot he thdng cac bien phap nham 16 chuc sir dung dat mot each co hieu qua, dap ung nhu cdu phat trien kinh te cua huyen Dd la co sd phap ly de phan dinh ranh gidi sir dung cac loai dat tren co sb khoa hoc lay muc lieu hieu qua (hieu qua kinh te va hieu qua xa hoi) lam can cir; la nhu'ng can cu cho vide hoach dinh cac chinh sach phat trien cac nganh kinh te tren lanh thd * Danh gid thuc trang sudung qui dat Tinh den tong dien tich tu nhien loan huyen cd 13.540,5 ha, bang 8,15% dien tich loan linh, duoc sir dung theo cac loai dal nhu sau: - Ddi ndng nghiep: Dal ndng nghiep co dien tich ldn nhat tat ca cac loai dal, khoang 9.042,9 ha, chiem 66,8% dien tich da't tir nhien Sau khoan ho theo Nghi quyet 10 ciia TW viec sir dung dat da co hieu qua hon, ngudi dan da tich cue khai 89 that kha iriel de cac loai dai bd hoang, dat chua sir dung de san xuat ndng nghiep Nhurng nam qua dal nong nghiep binh quan mdi nam giam 40 ha) Dat cay hang nam la 8.138,6 ha, chicm 90% dien lich dal ndng nghiep va bang 61.1% long dien lich Dat trdng cay hang nam chu yeu la dal trdng Ilia va cd xu the giam dan, mdi nam trung binh giam 50 vong nam gan day, dal trdng mau va cay cdng nghiep ngan chiem mot dien lich nhd chi' khoang 488,4 Dien lich gieo trdng ca nam khoang 18.540 ha, vdi he so sir dung dal 2,3 Ian, thap hon trung binh cua tinh Dal Irong cay lau nam, dat vudn, bao gdm dal trdng cay an qua chuyen, xen canh dal tram cay gidng, chiem ty le khong Idn, khoang 2,62% dat ndng nghiep, bang 1,7% dien lich tir nhien Vdi dien lich 238,8 dd trdng cay lau nam va dat vudn chu yeu nam khu dan cu, xen ke vdi dai d va thuong xuyen bi bien dong Con lai Iren 665,5 ha, chicm 7,4% dai ndng nghiep, bang 4,9% dai tu nhien la dai co mat nudc nuoi trdng thuy san - Dat chuyen dung Dai chuyen dung bao gdm dat xay dung, dai giao thdng, dai thuy loi, dai lam nguyen val lieu xSy dung, dai thudc di lich lich sir van hoa, dai dung cho muc dich an ninh quoc phong, co tdng dien tich 2.612,8 ha, chiem 19,3% dien tich dal tir nhien toan huyen Dat chuyen dung phan bd ddng deu tai cac xa, dat giao thong va thuy loi chicm ly Idn, den 80% Dal gianh cho xay dung tang nhanh nhu efiu phat tridn kinh le Hien loan huyen co khoang 138,3 ha, bang 5,29% dien lich chuyen dung, bao gom dai cac cong trinh lap the nhu iru sd UBND xa, trudng hoc, tram xa, nha van hoa, clip, nhu cau ve cac loai dai x