Kinh nghiệm của các công ty phân phối hàng hoá của cộng hoà liên bang đức và vận dụng vào tập đoàn phú thái

LOI CAM DOAN , Toi xin cam doan: Luan van “Kinh nghiem cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua Cong Hoa Lien Bang Dire va van dung vao Tap doan Phu Thai” la cong trinh nghien ctru cua rieng toi Cac* so lieu luan van duqc sur dung trung thurc Cac so lieu co ngudn trich dan, ket qua luan van la trung thuc va chua timg cong bo cac cong trinh nghien cuu khac Ha Noi, 15 thang 12 nam 2011 Tac gia luan van Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy MUC LUC • • LCH CAM DOAN DANH MUC CAC TU VIET TAT TOM TAT LUAN VAN LOI NOI DAU CHlTONGl: NGHIEN CLfU KINH NGHIEM CUA CAC CONG TY PHAN PHOI HANG HOA CUA CHLB DUC VA BAI HOC RUT RA CHO CAC DOANH NGHIEP PHAN PHOI HANG HOA CUA VIET • • NAM 1.1 Phan phoi hang hoa cua cac cong ty phan phoi Viet Nam va sir can r r thiet phai nghien cihi kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Dire 1.1.1 Phan phoi hang hoa cua cac cong ty phan phoi Viet Nam va xu huong phan phoi hang hoa hien 1.1.2 Sir can thiet phai nghien cuu kinh nghiem phan phoi cua cac cong ty phan phoi cua CHLB Due 10 1.2 Kinh nghiem cua mot so cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Dire 13 1.2.1 Kinh nghiem cua tap doan Metro 13 1.2.2 Kinh nghiem cua cong ty Rewe 21 1.2.3 Kinh nghiem cua tap doan Otto 22 1.3 Bai hoc kinh nghiem rut cho cac Cong ty thirong mai Viet Nam 26 CHtfONG 2: THU*C TRANG TO CHUC VA HOAT DONG CUA CONG TY CP TAP DOAN PHU THAI 30 2.1 Gioi thieu ve cong ty Co phan Tap doan Phu Thai 30 2.1.1 Su hinh va phat trien cua Cong ty CP Tap doan Phu Thai .30 2.1.2 Chuc nang nhiem vu va linh vuc hoat dong kinh doanh cua Cong ty 32 2.1.3 Linh vuc hoat dong kinh doanh cua cong ty 33 2.2 Thirc trang to chirc va hoat dong cua Cong ty Co phan Tap doan Phu Thai 2.2.1 34 Thurc trang ve to chuc bo may quan tri cua Cong ty CP Tap doan Phu Thai 34 2.2.2 Thue trang to chuc lao dong cua cong ty .43 2.2.3 Thue trang ve cong tac xay dung chien luge 44 2.2.4 Thue trang to chuc kinh doanh 45 2.3 Danh gia thuc trang to chuc va hoat dong cua Cong ty CP Tap doan Phu Thai 49 2.3.1 Uu diem va nhugc diem 49 2.3.2 Nhung nguyen nhan dan den nhung ton tai 52 CHIJONG 3: PHUONG HIJONG VA GIAI PHAP AP DUNG KINH NGHIEM CUA MOT SO CONG TY CUA CHLB DU*C VAO CONG TY CP TAP DOAN PHU THAI 54 3.1 Dur bao moi truong kinh doanh va dinh huong phat trien hoat dong kinh doanh cua Cong ty Co Phan Tap Doan Phu Thai den 2015 54 3.1.1 Du bao moi truong kinh doanh cua tap doan Phu Thai den nam 2015 54 3.1.2 Dinh huong phat trien hoat dong kinh doanh cua Cong ty den 2015 55 3.1.3 Muc tieu hoat dong kinh doanh cua cong ty den nam 2015 56 3.2 Nhan to anh huo*ng tdi phan phoi hang hoa cua tap doan Phu Thai 57 3.2.1 Nhan to vi mo 57 3.2.2 Nhan to vi mo 60 3.3 Ap dung kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Due 66 3.3.1 Nhung kinh nghiem phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Due ma Cong ty CP Tap doan Phu Thai chua ap dung 66 3.3.2 Nhung kinh nghiem phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Due ma Phu Thai da ap dung nhung can hoan thien 67 3.4 Mot so dieu kien de ap dung kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Due 71 3.4.1 Dieu kien doi vdi Cong ty Phu Thai .71 3.4.2 Dieu kien doi voi co quan nha nunc nham nang cao kha nang phan phoi cua cac doanh nghiep thuomg mai Viet Nam 76 KET LU AN 85 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 87 DANH MUC CAC Tl VIET TAT Danh muc viet tat tieng Viet So TT Tir viet tat Nghia tieng Viet CHLB Cong hoa lien bang CP Co phan DKKD Dang ky kinh doanh DHDCD Dai hoi dong co dong GD Giam doc KI) Kinh doanh LD Lao dong QL Quan ly QLSX Quan ly san xuat 10 TGD Tong giam doc 11 TNHH Trach nhiem huu han Danh muc viet tat tieng Anh So Tur viet TT tat EBT Earnings Before tax Thu nhap tnroc thue EBIT Earnings Before interest and tax Thu nhap tnroc lai vay va thue EBITDA Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Thu nhap truce lai, thue suat Depreciation and Amortization va khau hao SCM Supply Chain Management Quan ly day chuyen cung ung G8 Group Nhom nen kinh te Ion G20 Group 20 Nhom 20 nen kinh te Ion NATO Nghia tieng Anh OECD WTO North Atlantic Treaty Organization Nghia tieng Viet To chuc hiep udc Bac Dai Tay Duong Organization for Economic Co­ To chuc hop tac va phat trien operation and Development kinh te World Trade Organization To chuc thuong mai the gidi DANH MUC CAC BANG BIEU, SO DO BANG BIEU Bang 1.1: Mot so chi tieu cua congty Tinh den 31/12/2010 15 Bang 1.2: Bao cao tai chinh nam 2010 cua tap doan Metro 20 Bang 1.3: Mot so chi tieu kinh te cua Tap doan Rewe 22 Bang 1.4: Cac chi tieu tong hop 23 Bang 1.5: Da kenh ban le 24 Bang 1.6: Dich vu tai chinh 24 Bang 1.7: Dich vu hau can 25 Bang 2.1: Danh muc san pham 33 Bang 2.2: Lao dong tai cong ty tinh den het thang 12 nam 2010 43 Bang 2.3: Mot so san pham phan phdi chinh o cong ty: 45 SO DO, BIEU DO So 1.1: Tong quan ve Metro Group va phan khuc cua no 14 So 1.2: Cac nganh hang cua trung tarn Metro Cash & Carry 18 So 2.1 So bo may quan tri cua cong ty 37 Bieu 2.1 : Doanh thu va chi phi cua Phu Thai ttr nam 2007 den het 31/12/2010 48 Bieu 3.1 : Muc tieu tang truong doanh thu va phat trien nguon nhan lire 56 TRl/dNG DAI HOC KINH Tts Qu6c DAN - CO - NGUYEN THI DIEU THUY KINH NGHIEM CUA CAC CONG TY PHAN PHOI HANG HOA CUA CONG HOA LIEN BANG DlfC VA VAN DUNG VAO TAP DOAN PHU THAI CHUYEN NGANH: KINH TE THE GICH VA QUAN HE KINH TE QUOC TE ( KINH TE DOI NGOAI) tomtatluAnvanthacsy • HA NOI-2011 • i LOI NOI DAU Tinh cap thiet cua de tai •’ Viet Nam la mot thi trudng tuong doi rong Ion vdi hon 86 trieu dan, mot nua d tudi duroi 30 va co so thich hang dau la mua sam Co toe tang trudng kinh te tuong doi ldn, khoang 7-8%/nam Tap doan Phu Thai la mot nha phan phoi hang dau nude cua Viet Nam hoat dong linh vuc phan phoi hang tieu dung nhung cung dang gap nit eA r nhieu kho khan su canh tranh gay gat tu cac cong ty phan phoi nude va r nude ngoai Chinh vi vay viec nghien cuu kinh nghiem cua cac tap doan nude ngoai de tir tim nhung diem phu hop de ap dung vao tap doan Phu Thai la mot van de co tinh thue tien cao Vi vay tac gia luan van de xuat nghien cuu de tai: “Kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua Cong hoa lien bang Dire va van dung vao tap doan Phu Thai” Muc dich nghien ciru e a r - Nghien cuu ve kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua Cong hoa lien bang Due de rut bai hoc phan phoi cho cac doanh nghiep phan phoi hang hoa cua Viet Nam noi chung va cua Phu Thai noi rieng - Phan tich thue trang phan phoi hang hoa tai tap doan Phu Thai ap dung kinh nghiem - Ap dung kinh nghiem phan phoi cua cac cong ty CHLB Due vao tap doan Phu Thai nham day manh hoat dong phan phoi cua tap doan 74 Phu Thai hien nay, doi ngu nhan luc tre tuoi dam dam trach phan ldn cac nghiep vu, vi tri quan Doi ngu co kha nang hoc hoi, nang dong, sang tao cong vdi nhiet huyet tuoi tre, long yeu nghe nen kha nang tiep thu cdng nghe nhanh Ho chinh la nhan luc ndng cot cua doanh nghiep viec di tat don dau va tiep thu cdng nghe Viec dau tu dao tao doi ngu nhan luc khong chi gidi ve chuyen mon linh vuc phan phdi ma co trinh ky nang cdng nghe thdng tin la nhiem vu song cua cac doanh nghiep nude cdng cuoc canh tranh manh me tren thi trudng phan phdi hien 3.4.1.3 Tang cudng lien ket gitra cac doanh nghiep nude nham cung r r r co va nang cao vi the tren thi trudng phan phdi hang hoa Lien ket la yeu cau luon duoc dat qua trinh phat trien Trong thuc te cac doanh nghiep phan phdi cua Viet Nam non yeu thi xu hudng lien ket se la mot giai phap tdi uu de nang cao nang luc canh tranh Lien ket se giup cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam ho tro, tang them sue manh chuoi phan phdi de cung phat trien Ngay 16-10-2007, tai Ha Noi, Hiep hoi Cac nha ban le Viet Nam (AVR) da chinh thuc mat vdi gan 100 hoi vien co su gop mat tfch cue cua Tap doan Phu Thai Trong dieu kien hien nay, su lien ket va hop tac giua cac doanh nghiep vdi tao he thdng se cho phep gia tang quy md, tao sue manh boi phan cua cac nhom, cac tap doan kinh te cung kinh doanh mot hoac mot sd san pham nhat dinh va cung thuc hien chien luge thuong hieu, xue tien thuong mai va quang ba san pham tren thi trudng nham dat duoc tinh chuyen nghiep, von, va kinh nghiem 3.4.1.4 Phat trien cac md hinh va phuong thuc phan phdi hien dai dap ung xu hudng tieu dung cua ngudi dan r r Nghien cuu thuc trang phan phdi hang hoa cho thay, hien tai muc tap trung r r r cung nhu sd luong va mat cua cac loai hinh phan phdi hien dai tuong ddi thap so vdi quy md dan sd va so vdi nhu cau cua ngudi dan Cac phuong thuc kinh doanh hien dai nhu chuoi cua hang ban le, thuong mai dien tu mdi dang giai doan dau cua qua trinh phat trien Trong xu hudng phat trien dich vu ban le hien 75 r x a > a r va dieu kien md cua thi truong dich vu, van de dat la can phai tang ve so luung, vua phai tang ve quy mo doanh nghiep cung nhu cac cua hang 3.4.1.5 Phat trien he thong hau can phuc vu hoat dong phan phoi Su phat trien cua hoat dong ban le ddi hoi phai co he thong hau can chuyen nghiep Kinh nghiem cac nude cho thay, cac tap doan da quoc gia deu rat quan tarn va dau tu ldn cho he thong Tren thuc te, nhieu doanh nghiep phan phdi Viet Nam chua nhan thay su can thiet phai dau tu xay dung he thong hau can de dap ung cho hoat dong ban le cua doanh nghiep, hoac cd quan tarn nhung nguon von han hep nen chua cd kha nang dau tu Chinh vi vay, hoat dong hau can cho he thong phan phdi nhu bao quan, kho lanh, xe chuyen dung cua cac doanh nghiep thieu, chua dong bo, khong dat chuan khu vuc va quoc te Trudc xu the tang trudng thuong mai va xu hudng md cua thi trudng ban le A A cho cac nha dau tu nude ngoai, va dieu kien dich vu logistics cua Viet Nam mdi giai doan dau cua su phat trien, cac doanh nghiep phan phdi Viet Nam noi chung va Phu Thai noi rieng can hoan thien he thong hau can theo hudng dau tu xay dung mot he thong logistics rieng ma cu the la thiet lap mot trung tarn phan phdi hang hoa rieng cho he thong cua hang cua doanh nghiep Vdi mot trung tarn logistics hoat dong chuyen nghiep, doanh nghiep hoat dong linh vuc phan phoi se nang cao dugc kha nang ung dung ky thuat cao vao quan ly ton kho, dat hang mot each khoa hoc, giam dugc nhieu chi phi khong can thiet lam tang hieu qua kinh doanh, qua nang cao nang luc canh tranh cua doanh nghiep e a r Ngoai ra, Phu Thai can xay dung, nang cap, hien dai hoa cac kho bai, kho lanh Xu the tang trudng thuong mai va md cua thi trudng dan den nhu cau kho bai, kho lanh cang ldn He thong kho bai, kho lanh dung tieu chuan ky thuat vua thuan tien xep do, van chuyen, vua giup bao quan tot san pham, hang hoa nham giam bdt hao hut, mat mat, hu hong Ngoai ra, doanh nghiep can trang bi cac thiet bi van chuyen, tiep nhan, bao quan, xep hang hoa tai cac kho hang Qua trinh hien dai hoa cac thiet bi cd vai trd quan trgng hoat dong hau can cua doanh nghiep 76 3.4.1.6 Chuyen hudng md rong thi trudng nong thon Nude ta vdi 86 trieu dan va 70% dan so sinh song d khu vuc nong thon da tao thi trudng phan phdi nong thon rong ldn Tren thi trudng, cung vdi thue te thu nhap cua cac ho dan d khu vuc nong thon thdi gian qua da tang len dang ke thi thi hieu cua ngudi dan cung thay doi tu cho chu yeu dung hang gia re va chap nhan chat-lugng thap den cho tang tieu dung nhtrng mat hang co thuong hieu va chat lugng tot O Viet Nam hien la nhieu doanh nghiep phan phdi hang hoa van dang loay hoay canh tranh d thi trudng thi von cang bao hoa vdi mure canh tranh cao, phan ldn tap trung hoat dong d cac ldn nhu Ha Noi, TP Ho Chi Minh Trong do, thi truang nong thon rat ldn nhung van chua dugc khai thac hieu qua Nguyen nhan chinh cua viec bo ngo thi trudng khu vuc nong thon la chi phi de thiet lap he thdng phan phdi la qua cao dia hinh qua rong ldn, thu nhap ngudi dan thap Vi vay Phu Thai nen chuyen hudng md rong thi trudng nong thon bang phuong thue hang den cac diem cong dong d cac vung non thon xa, ban hang true tiep cho ngudi dan de tao nhan thurc ve san pham, dong thdi phat trien dai ly tai dia phuong sau ban hang Chi can co mot vai dai ly tai dia phuong nhan phan phdi thi xem nhu hang hoa cua doanh nghiep da co didm ban mdi ma khong r y r r y ton qua nhieu cong sure Tat nhien doi vdi thi phan nay, hien tai, hang hoa se chua can thuong hieu ma can mure gia vira phai, hgp ly Phu Thai nen lua chon cac san pham phu hgp vdi thi hieu va kha nang chi tieu cua ngudi tieu dung dia phuong Nhu vay, van de quan nhat de chiem dugc niem tin va su trung cua khach hang nong thon la doanh nghiep phai dua hang hang hoa, san pham chat lugng tot, vdi gia ca phai chang phu hgp vdi mure thu nhap cua nong dan • • SI Ji • V • V ' 3.4.2 Dieu kien doi vdi cor quan nha nude nham nang cao kha nang phan r phoi cua cac doanh nghiep thuong mai Viet Nam •r • r r 3.4.2.1 Tiep tuc hoan thien he thdng chinh sach phu hgp vdi cam ket md cua thi trudng dich vu 77 Vdi muc tieu nang cao kha nang phan phdi cua cac doanh nghiep phan phdi su on dinh, can bang va hai hoa giua he thdng phan phdi hang hoa truyen thdng va he thdng phan phdi hang hoa hien dai; dam bao he thdng phan phdi van hanh co to chuc, hoat dong mdi trudng canh tranh lanh manh, cdng bang dudi A A A A A su quan ly, dieu hanh vi md cua nha nude dong thdi nham tao co sd kinh te va tien de ve to chuc quan ly cho qua trinh chu dong thuc hien cdng cac cam ket gia nhap WTO ve md cua thi trudng phan phdi hang hoa Viet Nam cung nhu cac cam ket khac ve hoi nhap kinh te quoc te, nhung nam trudc mat, can tiep tuc hoan thien he thdng chinh sach ve phan phdi hang hoa cu the: - Can sdm cd ke hoach xay dung Luat phan phdi va dua vao chuong trinh xay r r r y dung phap luat cua Nha nude Luat phan phdi can duoc xay dung theo quy tac canh /w A > r tranh cdng bang cua WTO va phu hop vdi su san sang cua nen kinh te - Ca sua ddi, bo sung luat Canh tranh (2004), bo sung khung phap ly cu the ve quan ly canh tranh tren thi trudng phan phdi - Can sua ddi, bo sung Luat Thuong mai (nam 2005), bo sung khung r a r r phap ly cu the ve thuc hien cac cam ket gia nhap WTO lien quan den he thdng phan phdi hang hoa Can luat hoa cac tieu chi chinh de kiem tra nhu cau kinh te ddi vdi trudng hop doanh nghiep phan phdi nude ngoai muon cd co sd phan phdi thu hai trd nen d Viet Nam - Can cu the hoa day du, ro rang quy trinh va tieu chi kiem tra nhu cau kinh te doi vdi viec lap diem ban le ngoai diem ban le dau tien cua doanh nghiep r a a phan phdi nude ngoai Dieu nham dam bao, mot mat, Viet Nam thuc thi nghiem tuc cam ket gia nhap WTO, de Viet Nam thuc su trd diem den cua cac tap doan nude ngoai Mat khac ENT trd mot cdng cu huu hieu dem lai lqi ich cho cac doanh nghiep ban le noi rieng va cho nen kinh te noi chung 3.4.2.2 Thu hut di ddi vdi viec kiem soat dau tu nude ngoai vao linh vuc phan phdi • 'yr r Qua nghien cuu ta thay doanh nghiep Viet Nam han che ve von, cdng nghe va kinh nghiem linh vuc phan phdi, dac biet la loai hinh phan phdi hien r r dai, rat it cac doanh phan phdi nude cd ky nang mang tinh chuyen nghiep 78 viec dau tu xay dung va van doanh Vi vay, rat can thiet va phu hop voi 16 trinh cam ket gia nhap WTO, Viet Nam can phai ma rong va thu hut cac nha dau tu nude ngoai vao ITnh vyc phan phoi Trong thi truong phan phdi hang hoa Viet Nam nhieu khoang cho cac nha dau tu va ngoai nuoc, thi thi truong phan phoi Viet Nam san sang hop tac de md cua hoi nhap va canh tranh binh dang mdi trudng phan phdi da dang, nhieu thay doi va bien dong de nang tarn Viet Nam tren ban the gidi ve phan phdi hang hoa Dieu khong chi giup Viet Nam co duoc nguon von di kern cdng nghe, kinh nghiem va phuong thuc quan ly du de dau tu xay dung va van hanh nhung doanh nghiep phan phdi dap ung duoc Tuy nhien, van de quan day la nha nude can tiep tuc hoan thien he r r r thong chinh sach phu hop vdi cam ket md cua thi trudng vdi nhung co che va nhung quy dinh de “chon loc” va “dinh hudng”, dam bao su hop ly ca ve thdi gian, ddi tuong, tao sir canh tranh, tiep can dau tu nude ngoai de day nhanh qua trinh hien dai hoa linh vuc phan phdi hang hoa cua nude nha 3.4.2.3 Khuyen khich phat trien cac doanh nghiep phan phdi hien dai A a Xay dung va hoan thien quy dinh ve tieu chuan loai hinh, quy hoach phat trien, tieu chuan thiet ke doi vdi loai hinh phan phdi hien dai 7 b Xay dung cu the tieu chuan va cac dinh muc De hudng dan xac dinh vi tri va khoang each giua cac co sd ban le, hien dai quy hoach cac co sd ban le phai phu hop vdi muc thi hoa, cdng nghiep r r hoa, thdi quen mua sam cua cac ddi tuong tieu dung va dam bao hieu qua kinh doanh cho cac doanh nghiep phan phdi Viec quy hoach xay dung cac co sd ban le hien dai cho co ban kinh phuc vu tdi iru, tranh tinh trang qua day hoac qua thua lam hieu qua kinh te xa hoi cua cac trung tarn phan phdi ban buon va cac co sb ban le r a 3.4.2.4 Thuc day lien ket hop tac ben vung giua cac doanh nghiep ban le, lien A r Z ket giuu nha san xuat, nha phan phdi de tao nhung tap doan quy md ldn, co thuong hieu tren thi truong r r \ r Thuc te cho thay cac don vi ban le nude chua nhieu, lai thieu tinh 79 chuyen nghiep va von it, he thdng hau can nhu kho bai, xe chuyen dung, ngudn hang rod rac, thieu dong bo va chua dat chuan; tang giao thong kem Cac nha phan phoi Viet Nam da nhan thue duoc nhu cau lien ket de canh tranh vdi nude r < thuong hieu”, chua tien xa tdi muc lap cac lien minh mua hang, it nhat la tren phuong dien chinh thue Nguyen nhan la cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam chua cd thdi quen cung nhu van hoa lien ket de tao sue manh chung Day la chuyen bien nhieu linh vuc, nhieu nganh chu khong rieng nganh phan phdi Trude thue trang chung cua cac doanh nghiep phan phdi hien nay, boi canh Viet Nam hoi nhap toan dien vao WTO, hudng di rat kha thi, nhien vai trd va su can thiep cua co quan quan ly Nha nude la het sue quan Van de dat d day la phai cd cac quy dinh phap luat hop ly linh vuc phan phdi, ma cu the la cac quy dinh lien quan den cac trung tam phan phdi, cac cua hang ban le quy md ldn, cac quy dinh lien quan tdi cac lien ket doc va cac quy dinh khac Rat can cd cac quy dinh lien quan den lien ket doc giua ngudi ban buon va ngudi ban le va giua ngudi san xuat va ngudi phan phdi dune xem la van de quan nhat linh vuc phan phdi vi cac mdi lien ket cd the de dang nhat phat sinh cac hanh vi phan canh tranh Viec tang cudng lien ket hop tac giua cac nha phan phdi nude; lien ket giua nha san xuat, nha phan phdi de on dinh nguon hang va thi trudng tieu thu 3.4.2.5 Nang cao vai trd cua nha nude viec day manh dao tao nguon r nhan luc linh vuc phan phdi Bat cu mot doanh nghiep nao noi chung va mot doanh nghiep ban le noi rieng nguon nhan luc cung chinh la nhan td quyet dinh su cong Trong dieu kien hoi nhap va phat trien, linh vuc phan phdi doi hoi can bo quan ly va doi ngu nhan vien nghiep vu phai cd trinh va ky nang thue hanh tuong ung Trong do, thue A X ? te luc luong lao dong Viet Nam chua dap ung duoc nhu cau phat trien Kinh nghiem cua cac nude phat trien cho thay cac dieu kien da san sang thi thi trudng phan phdi hang hoa hien dai se phat trien rat nhanh 80 Vi vay, de cac doanh nghiep phan phoi hang hoa Viet Nam co the phat trien mot each ben vung, ben canh su sang tao, nang dong cua ty ban than cac doanh nghiep, Nha nude co vai trd quan trong dinh hudng va ho try nham dam bao float dong kinh doanh phan phdi hang hoa dat hieu qua cao, dac biet la viec phat trien nguon nhan luc gidi linh vuc phan phdi dang cang trd nen r r \ canh tranh gay gat Chinh vi vay, rat can vai trd cua Nha nude viec: \ r r r •> rv - Da dang cac nguon von nude va quoc te de ho try cho cac chuung trinh dao tao, phat trien nguon nhan luc phan phdi hang hoa - Can cd chinh sach thuc day phat trien nguon nhan luc, chinh sach khuyen khich cac co sd nghien cuu, dao tao nham tap trung nghien cuu, xay dung va day manh cdng tac dao tao, bdi dudng de tang cudng nhan thurc, tang cudng kien thuc chuyen mon cho nhan luc linh vuc phan phdi hang hoa - Can cd chuung trinh ho try doi ngu giao vien va ddi mdi giao trinh cua mot sd trudng dai hoc kinh te, trudng cao dang, trudng day nghe theo kip xu hudng phat trien cua khu vuc va the gidi linh vuc phan phdi de dap ung nhu cau ve chat luyng nguon nhan luc - Ho try cac doanh nghiep phan phdi viec thue chuyen gia nude ngoai tien hanh dao tao, chuyen giao cdng nghe, cu can bo nhan vien di dao tao d nude ngoai 3.4.2.6 Phat trien dich vu Theo chien luyc phat trien kinh te Viet Nam giai doan 2010-2020, dich vu logistics da duyc xac dinh la mot nganh dich vu cd gia tri cao, duyc hien dai hoa va md rong Vai trd cua dich vu logistics la cdng cu lien ket cac hoat dong chudi gia tri toan cau nhu cung cap, san xuat, luu thdng, phan phdi, md rong thi trudng cho cac hoat dong kinh te; (2) tdi uu hoa chu trinh luu chuyen cua san xuat kinh r doanh tu khau dau vao nguyen vat lieu, phu kien tdi san pham cuoi cung tdi tay khach hang su dung; (3) dong vai trd quan trong viec dam bao yeu to dung thdi han, dia diem Tuy nhien, thuc te hien vdi khoang 800 doanh nghiep dang hoat dong linh vuc logistics nhung da phan la cac doanh nghiep cd quy md nho, thieu 81 chuyen nghiep, tinh lien ket han che nen dich vu logistics cua Viet Nam cung dang doi dien vdi nhieu kho khan tien trinh hoi nhap Cho den nay, chua co doanh nghiep nude nao du sure to churc, dieu hanh toan bo quy trinh hoat dong logistics 9 A A Do do, de phat trien dich vu logistics nham dap umg yeu cau cac doanh nghiep phan phdi hang hoa noi chung va cac doanh nghiep san xuat kinh doanh noi chung, tren goc vi md, can duoc tien hanh theo cac hudng: - Phat trien cac doanh nghiep dich vu logistics chuyen nghiep dam nhiem viec cung ung cac dich vu logistics nhu dich vu kho bai, dich vu giao nhan, dich vu hai quan, dich vu van tai - Phat trien cac trung tarn dich vu logistics tap trung nhieu doanh nghiep cd the phdi hop vdi mot each dong bo, cd the cung cap day du cac dich vu logistics phu vu phan phdi hang hoa nhu dich vu van chuyen hang hoa, phan loai hang hoa, bao quan, dong goi, xep do, giao nhan, thong quan - Xay dung cac tong kho dau mdi hang hoa vdi danh muc hang hoa phong phu, hinh thurc giao nhan thuan tien, co cac dich vu trudc, va sau ban hang cho doanh nghiep va khach hang De tao dieu kien cho dich vu logistics phat trien va cd kha nang hoi nhap, Nha nude can cd nhung chinh sach va giai phap thich hop - Ve vai trd cua Nha nude, trudc het, can tap trung xay dung va hoan thien hanh lang phap ly vdi cac quy dinh cu the, rd rang nham tao dieu kien thuan loi cho cac dich vu logistics phat trien ma trudc tien Nha nude can xay dung chien luuc phat trien dich vu logistics cua Viet Nam Viec xay dung va hoan thien cac van ban phap luat cd vai trd het sure quan trong viec tao lap mdi trudng canh tranh A cong bang, binh dang va lanh manh cho cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh dich vu logistics Thu hai Nha nude can cd co che giam sat viec thuc hien mot each hieu qua cac doanh nghiep dich vu logistics He thong phap luat can duoc dieu chinh de cang phu hop hon vdi yeu cau phat trien kinh te thi trudng va phu hop hon vdi nhung cam ket gia nhap WTO ddi vdi nganh dich vu logistic 82 - Hoan thien cong tac xay dung co so tang Day la dieu kien quan dd cac doanh nghiep co the thue hien cac dich vu hau can nham dua hang hoa tu noi san xuat den noi tieu thu cuoi cung Trong do, co so tang cua Viet Nam chua du kha nang dap ung duoc nhu cau phu vu luu chuyen hang hoa khoi luong va gia tri hang hoa tham gia vao qua trinh luu chuyen cang ldn - Day manh cac hinh thurc hop tac va ung dung cac tuu khoa hoc cong nghe, dac biet la cong nghe thong tin linh vuc dich vu logistics - Day nhanh viec dao tao nguon nhan luc cho nganh logistics, cac truang dai hoc khoi kinh te can sdm dua vao giang day, dao tao, chuyen nganh logistics - Phat trien dong bo thi truang dich vu logistics he thong thi truang dich vu a nude ta r 3.4.2.7 Khuyen khich su hinh va nang cao vai trd cua cac Hoi kinh doanh ban buon va ban le Trude het, can phai xac dinh lien ket la yeu cau cua tu ban than cac doanh nghiep qua trinh phat trien Chinh ap luc canh tranh boi canh hoi nhap doi hoi cac doanh nghiep ban si va ban le phai lien ket de ton tai va phat trien Viec hinh cac lien minh Ve lau dai, de giu dugc lgi the vdi cac cong ty nude ngoai, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam khong each nao han la phai lien ket lai vdi Lien ket ca theo hang ngang va hang doc, nghia la cac doanh nghiep cung mot nhom nganh lien ket lai vdi nhau, dong thdi nha san xuat cung lien ket vdi nha phan phdi de tao nen sue manh tdng the Cac nha san xuat lien ket se tan dung dugc ngudn tai nguyen va lgi the cua de cung phat trien Chang han cong ty thue pham cd lgi the ve nhan luc, cong ty thue pham cd lgi the ve von Khi lien ket vdi cd the trien khai cac chien luge marketing mot each toan dien Quan trgng nhat la cac kenh r r r phan phdi cua nhung nha san xuat cung lien ket lai khong hoat dong rieng re nhu trudc, chac chan se tao nen cho dung vung chai tren thi trudng, khong e ngai cac cong ty nude ngoai Hien da cd mot sd du an lien ket giua cac nha phan phdi nhu lien minh chien luge VDC (Trung tam phan phdi Viet Nam) CoopMart, 83 Hapro, Phu Thai va Satra lap Tuy nhien, co nhung kho khan cac nha san xuat va phan phoi khong muon chia se lqi ich, e ngai mat lqi nhuan va thi phan lien ket De tranh e ngai nay, nhat thiet can co su can bang ve quyen luc va lai ich giua cac ben tham gia Su can bang “quyen luc” the hien d doanh so, thi phan, lai nhuan, quyen trung bay, quyen phan phoi Moi vien tham gia vdi muc nao se nhan ket qua tuong xung vdi muc do 3.4.2.8 Ban hanh mot so chinh sach lien quan den linh vuc phan phdi r Ar r - Chinh sach ve dat dai: Do dac thu cua linh vuc phan phdi, dat dai va vi tri cua dat dai la rat quan trong, Cac dia phuong, nhat la cac ldn can quy hoach va bo tri du quy dat cho tang thuong mai Cung mot vi tri dat vdi gia ban, thue nhu nhau, neu doanh nghiep cung cd nhu cau, quan tarn uu tien giai quyet cho doanh ngiep phan phdi - Chinh sach ve tai chinh - tin dung Cac doanh nghiep phan phdi cd du an xay dung co sd tang duoc quyen tiep can cac nguon von binh dang nhu nhung doanh nghiep san xuat, kinh doanh khac; r r r a r i - Chinh sach ve thue Ddi vdi thue nhap khau cac trang thiet bi phuc vu cho qua trinh kinh doanh (thang cuon, he thdng lanh, xe nang hang, may tinh tien ) duoc mien thue nhu nha dau tu nude ngoai cung la linh vuc hoac cac doanh nghiep r r r x r x san xuat co du an thuoc dien khuyen khich dau tu Ddi vdi thue thu nhap, can ap dung mien giam theo luat nhu cac nha dau tu nude ngoai, cac doanh nghiep san xuat cd du an thuoc dien khuyen khich dau tu •> r X A - Phat trien nguon nhan luc Su dung cac nguon von va ngoai nude de ho trq cho cdng tac dao tao, phat trien nguon nhan luc cua cac doanh nghiep Cd chuung trinh ho tru ddi mdi doi ngu giao vien va giao trinh cua mot sd trudng dai hoc kinh te, trudng cao dang, day nghe theo kip xu hudng cua khu vuc va the gidi linh vuc r x r x x r phan phdi de dap ung nhu cau ddi vdi chat luong nguon nhan luc ve lau dai - Thdng tin va tu van To chuc he thdng thdng tin, cap nhat, phan tich va du bao xu hudng phat trien cua thi trudng, nhu cau tieu dung, thdi quen mua sam, co r r r t i r r cau he thdng phan phdi de trao ddi, tu van, cung cap thdng tin dinh hudng cho doanh nghiep 84 3.4.2.9 Nang cao chat luong va hieu qua cong tac quan ly nha nuoc linh vuc phan phoi r - Hoan cac the che quan ly nha nuoc thong qua viec xay dung cac van ban quy pham phap luat quy dinh chi tiet va huong dan thuc hien cac luat co lien quan Nha nude can ban hanh cac luat lien quan tdi linh vuc phan phoi nhu Luat Ban le, Luat Ve sinh an toan thuc pham, Luat Bao ve nguoi tieu dung, Day la nhung co so phap ly quan gop phan tao moi trudng kinh doanh canh tranh lanh manh giua cac doanh nghiep hoat dong linh vuc phan phdi r /■ a r r r - Xay dung co che quan ly kinh doanh va co che dieu tiet vi md, nhat la doi vdi cac mat hang thuoc dien quan dac thu, bang each su dung linh hoat cac cdng cu kinh te phu hop vdi cac dinh che phap ly quoc te de can thiep thi trudng co dau hieu bat on bdi cac hoat dong khach quan nhu lam phat tang cao, bat on thi trudng tai chinh, chung khoan Xay dung va cung cd cac co quan tham gia dieu tiet vi md thi trudng noi dia theo hudng hien dai hoa va chuyen nghiep r r r 3.4.2.10 Tien hanh md cua linh vuc phan phdi theo dung 16 trinh da cam ket Md cua linh vuc phan phdi co lo trinh, mot mat tao sue ep canh tranh, theo buoc cac doanh nghiep nude phai day manh qua trinh ddi mdi hoat dong thuong mai, day manh tang trudng, day manh qua trinh lien ket, day manh qua trinh tich tu va tap trung cac nguon luc va mat khac, tao dieu kien thuan loi, tranh thu thdi gian va su dung cac giai phap hop ly de khuyen khich va ho trg cho qua trinh vuon len cua cac doanh nghiep nude 85 X KET LUAN Viet Nam da chinh thue tra thanh vien thu 150 cua WTO cung vai dang tham nhap thi trudng va thi trudng phan phdi hang hoa Viet Nam dang nong len tirng Day vira la ca hoi vira la thach thue doi vdi cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh phan phdi hang hoa nude Tap doan Phu Thai hien la mot nhung doanh nghiep phan phdi hang dau nude Hoat dong cua tap doan Phu Thai thdi gian qua da dat dugc nhung ket qua quan Cac cong ty tang trudng lien tuc, hoan nghia vu nop thue vdi ngan sach Nha nude, on dinh viec lam va nang cao ddi song can bo cong nhan vien, dong vai trd quan ddi vdi su tang trudng cua nen kinh te Tuy nhien cong nhung nam qua chi la khdi dau cua chang dudng xay dung va phat trien Muc tieu cua tap doan Phu Thai la phai vuun len trd mot tap doan kinh te manh, cd du sue canh tranh nen kinh te hoi nhap Nhiem vu dat hien la cung cd va nang cao hieu qua kinh doanh, nang cao sue canh tranh cua tap doan Phu Thai, thue hien tich tu tap trung von, chuyen mon hoa sau va hop tac rong Hoan thien va ddi mdi cong tac quan ly, ddi mdi cong nghe va ap dung khoa hoc ky thuat hien dai vao qua trinh kinh doanh tao dieu kien cong ty hoat dong cd hieu qua, binh dang ca che thi trudng cd du sue manh de canh tranh vdi cac cong ty phan phdi va ngoai nude Vi vay viec nghien cuu kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phdi cua cac nude cd he thdng phan phdi hien r r ' ' vung chac mdi trudng canh tranh gay gat Noi dung de tai mong muon gop phan dua cac kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phdi hang hoa cua CHLB Due tu dd giup Phu Thai hoan thien han nua hoat dong va chinh sach cua minh Thdng r r r qua ket qua nghien cuu, doi chieu vdi muc dich nghien cuu cua luan van, tac gia da hoan nhung nhiem vu sau day: 86 De tai di sau nghien cuu ve thuc trang phan phoi cua cac cong ty phan r r phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Due tu rut kinh nghiem cho cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua Viet Nam De tai da nghien cuu, phan tich thuc trang phan phoi hang hoa cua tap doan Phu Thai, tir neu nen nhung uu nhuoc diem thuc trang to chuc hoat dong cua tap doan Phu Thai va chi nguyen nhan dan den uu nhuoc diem De tai sau nghien cuu kinh nghiem cau cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Due va thuc trang to chuc hoat dong cua tap doan Phu Thai da rut nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Due co the ap dung vao tap doan Phu Thai Ben canh tac gia cung neu mot so de xuat voi tap doan Phu Thai va co quan nha nuoc de co the ap dung kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Due vao tap doan Phu Thai De ap dung kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty phan phoi hang hoa cua CHLB Due vao tap doan Phu Thai can su nd luc co gang cua ban lanh dao cdng ty va toan bo anh chi em nhan vien cdng ty cung nhu su ho trg quan tarn cua cac co quan quan ly nha nuoc Co nhu vay tap doan Phu Thai noi rieng va cac cdng ty phan va co the canh tranh dugc voi cac cdng ty phan phdi cua nude ngoai dang va se kinh doanh tren lanh tho Viet Nam 87 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO I Ten sach tieng Viet Pham Thi Thanh Binh (2009), Phat trien dich vu hau can (logistics) tien trinh hinh cong dong kinh te ASEAN, Nha xuat ban khoa hoc xa hoi, Ha Noi Bo ke hoach va dau tu - Tong cue thong ke (2011), Kinh te - Xa hoi mdi truong Viet Nam 2011-2015, Nha xuat ban thong ke, Ha Noi Hoc vien chinh tri - Hanh chinh quoc gia Ho Chi Minh Vien kinh t6 (2011), Kinh te Viet Nam 2010 vuot qua suy giam, tao da phat trien ben vung sau dai hoi XI cua Dang, Nha xuat ban chinh tri quoc gia Nguyen Thi Nhieu (2006), Sieu thi phuong thuc kinh doanh ban le hien dai d Viet Nam, Nha xuat ban Lao dong - xa hoi Vu Dinh Tich (2004), Khu vuc dich vu he thdng tai khoan quoc gia va viec r r r van dung lap ke hoach, Nha xuat ban thong ke, Ha Noi Tran Thi Ngoc Trang (2008), Quan tri kenh phan phdi, Nha xuat ban Thong ke, Ha Noi Truong Dai hoc kinh te quoc dan (2010), Quan tri kenh phan phdi, Nha xuat ban dai hoc kinh te quoc dan, Ha Noi Phan To Uyen (2003/ Hoat dong kinh doanh cua cac doanh nghiep thuong mai Nha nude tren dia ban Ha Noi thuc trang va gidiphap, Nha xuat ban thong ke, Ha Noi Viet Nam sau ba nam gia nhap To chirc thuong mai the gidi, Nha xuat ban Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan II Trang thong tin website 10 Ban hang Metro Cash & Carry www.metrogroup.de/intemet/site/metrogroup/node/1 1163/Lde/index.html (20/07/2011) 11 Ban hang Media markt www.metrogroup.de/intemet/site/metrogroup/node/11177/Lde/index.html (20/07/2011) 88 12 Ban hang Real www.metrogroup.de/intemet/site/metrogroup/node/1 1170/Lde/index.html.(20/08/2011) 13 Ban hang Galeria Kaufhof ■www.metrogroup.de/intemet/site/metrogroup/node/11191/Lde/index.html (20/07/2011) 14 Bao cao tai chinh tap doan Metro www.metrogroup.de/intemet/site/annual20 10/node/l 12082/Lde/index.html (28/8/2010) 15 Cac chi so.www.ottogroup.com/en/die-otto-group/daten-und-fakten/kennzahlen.php (30/08/2011) 16 Mot so chi tieu kinh tieu kinh te cua tap doan Rewe.www.rewe-groupgeschaeftsbericht.de/2010/(30/08/2011) 17 Tdng quan ve tap doan Metro va phan khuc cua no metrosroup.de/internet/site/metrogroup/node/9280/Lde/mdex.html (20/08/2011) 18 Trang web cua tap doan Phu Thai.www.phuthaigroup.com