Luận văn phương hướng,biện pháp phát triển thị trường tiêu thụ nông sản phẩm hàng hoá của các huyện ngoại thành thành phố hải phòng

7T T ’— U i, ■ i - ' -* r ” *' X £iXa NYA Nym BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN HA NOI LA SONG TUNG PHUONG HUONG, BIEN PHAP phat trien thi truong tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cAc huyen ngoai thanh hai phong LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE Ha Noi thang 11/2001 BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO _ > TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN HA NOI LA SONG TUNG PHUONG HUONG, BIEN PHAP phat trien thi truong tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cAc huyen ngoai thanh ph6 hai phong LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE CHUYEN NGANH : QUAN TRI KINH DOANH THUONG MAI GIAO VIEN HUONG DAN : PGS, TS DANG DINH DAO TH JHa Noi thang 11/2001 MUC LUC Trang Phan ma dau Chuang I : Nhung van de ca ban ve phat trien thi truOng tieu thu ndng pham hang hoa 1.1 Ban chat va vai tro phat trie’n cua thi truOng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa 1.1.1 Quan niem ve thi truing va thi truY^ng tieu thu nong pham 1.1.2 Vai tro cua viec phat trien thi trux^tng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa 11 1.2 Co cau tlii ti'uUmg nong pham hang hoa va cac bien pliap 113 phat trien thi truOng * , 1.2.1 Ca ctu thi truOng 13 1.2.2 Cac bien phap phat trien thi truong 23 1.3 Dac diem tin truring tieu thu nnng ppam hang hho va ccc 28 nhnn to anh huring 1.3.1 DCc diem thi trudng tieu thu nOng pham hang hoa 28 1.3.2 Cac ^an to anh huang den phat trien thi tm^g tieu thu nOng pham hang hoa 30 Chuang II : Thuc trang cua thi truOng tieu thu nOng pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai rhngh Hai Phong 36 2.1 Khai quat tinh hinh kinh te xa hoi cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong co anh huring den thi tnunng tieu thu nnng pham a dia ban Hai Phong 36 2.1.1 Dieu kien dia ly te nhien 36 2.1.2 Dac ddem kinn t£ kk tlmatsan xxat nnon pphrn 43 2.1.3 DCc diem ky thuat che bien nOng pham 44 2.1.5 DCc diem va ket cau tang luu thong nOng pham 2.1.6 DCc diem ve cung cau canh tranh, gia ca va sdc mua nOng san thuc pham cua dan cu cac huyen ngoai 46 2.2 Phhn rich dure trangthi Irtriung title th^nnon pphin hhan hha cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong 50 2.2.1 Nguon hang tieu thu tren thi trudng nong pham cua cac huyen 50 2.2.2 Nhu cau tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen 54 2.2.3 Tinh hinh gia ca nong pham hang hoa tren thi trudng cac huyen 57 2.2.4 Tinh hinh canh tranh tren thi trudng tieu thu nong pham cua cac huyen va van de hieu qua 59 2.2.5 Quan he kinh te tren thi trudng tieu thu nong san 61 2.2.6 To chUc luu thong nguon nong san cua cac huyen 63 2.3 Nghien ctfti giai ppap nhhm ppat tritin thi truUnn tieu tPh nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong 66 2.3.1 Day manh cong nghiep hoa qua trinh che bien mat hang nong pham 64 2.3.2 Qui hoach vanh dai thuc pham cho cac huyen 66 2.3.3 Doi moi va ap dung cong nghe moi hien dai vao san xuat kinh doanh, nang cao cha't luqng san pham cua hang hoa 2.3.4 Chuynn dich co cau cay 2.3.5 To chuc cac he thong luu thong mat hang nong pham hang hoa cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong 67 67 2.4 Nhunn ddnP gm cobbn qqa nnhheu cuui thi trudnn tieu thh nong pham hang hoa cua Hai Phong 66 Chuang III : Phuong huong va bien phap chu yeu nham phat trinn thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong 73 3.1 Muc tieu va phuong huong phat tr^nn kinh te xa hoi cua cac 73 huyen ngoai Hai Phong va su can thiet phai mo rong thi trudng tieu thu nong pham thdi gian toi 3.2 Mot so quan dinm va phuong huOng phat trinn thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa 77 3.3 Cac bien phap chu y£u nham phat trinn thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong 85 3.4 Tao lap moi trudng va dieu kien dn phat trinn thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa 102 Ket luan 106 Danh muc tai lieu tham khao 108 PHAN Md DAU I TINH cap THIET CUA DE tai : Thanh Hai Phong dupc lap th nam 1888 Trai qua qua trinh xay dung va phat trien den nay, Hai Phong dupc Trung uong xac dinh la Cang, trung tam kinh te, cong nghiep, thuong mai va dich vu, du lich cua vung Duyen Hai BSc Bo, la cua ngo chfnh bien cua cac tinh phfa BSc, la dau moi giao thong quan cua mien Bac va ca nudc Dong thdi la mot thi co vi tri quoc phong yeu, la mot cac cuc tang trudng cua vung kinh te diem Ha noi - Hai Phong - Quang Ninh 15 nam thuc hien dudng loi doi mdi cua Dang, Hai Phong da dat dupc nhung tuu dang ke ve phat trien kinh te xa hoi, gia tri tong san pham xa hoi (GDP) tang trudng vdi toc cao (8,5%/ nam nam gan day), San xuat cong nghiep, nong lam thuy san tiep tuc dupc phat trien Nhieu khu cong nghiep nhieu du an deu dupc dau tu phat trien tai Hai Phong Hai Phong co dien tich tu nhien la 1507 km2 vdi dan so khoang 1,7 trieu khu vuc nong thon chiem 1.409 km2 co huyen ngoai gom : Vinh Bao, Tien Lang, An Hai, Kien Thuy, An Lao, Thuy Nguyen va huyen dao Cat Hai, Bach Long Vi vdi dien tich chiem tren 90% tong dien tich toan Trong thdi gian qua, chuyen dich co cau kinh te nong nghiep nong thon va dich vu cham va hieu qua thap Vi vay cong nghiep hoa - hien dai hoa nong nghiep, nong thon la mot nhung van de vo cung quan Trong du thao bao cao chfnh tri tai Dai hoi lan thu XII cua Ban chap hanh Dang bo ve dinh hudng phat trien kinh te 2001 - 2010 neu ro : Phat tri^n nong thon Hai Phong theo hudng phuc vu thi va xuat khau, giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao dong Day manh ap dung tien bo Khoa hoc - cong nghe, doi mdi giong va co cau cay trong, vat nuoi, nang suat lua dat tren 11 tan/ ha, gia tri thu du'Oc tren don vi dien tfch dat tren 40 trieu dong/ ha, giai quyet tot van de tieu thu nong san hang hoa, dien hoa va thuy lqi hoa Dong thdi thuc trang hieu qua kinh doanh cua cac mat hang nong pham cua cac huyen ngoai cua th trudc den cham phat tr^en Trong thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa chua tim duqc nhung bien phap de md rdng dan den chua su dung het dien tfch canh tac va hieu qua chua cao Chinh vi vay, qua thdi gian nghien chu ly luan va tham nhap thuc te, toi manh dan chon de tai : " Phuong hudng va Bien phap phat trien thi trudng tieu thu nOng pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai thanh, Hai Phong" nham muc dich phan tfch danh gia toan dien ve thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa thuoc cac huyen ngoai thanh, Thanh Hai Phong thdi gian qua de rut nhung kinh nghiem va de xuat mot so bien phap phat trien thi trudng tieu thu II MUC DfCH, NHIEM VU CUA LUAN V&N: Muc dich cua luan van la tren co sd phan tfch dac diem, vai tro va thuc trang cua thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong, xac dinh phuong hudng va de xuat mot so bien phap chu yeu de phat trien thi trudng nhung nam tdi Vdi muc dich do, nhiem vu cua luan van la : - Phan tfch ly luan ve thi trudng va thi trudng tieu thu nong pham, dac diem thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong va vai tro cua no doi vdi su phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua Thanh Hai Phong - Phan tfch thuc trang thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai Thanh Hai Phong - Xac dinh phuong hudng va de xuat mot so' bien phap chu yeu nham phat trien thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong m DOI TUONG va pham vi nghien cuu : Doi tuong nghien cum cua de tai la : Thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cac huyen ngoai thanh, Hai Phong Pham vi nghien cun la nhung san pham nong nghiep cua cac huyen : Vinh Bao, Tien Lang, An Hai, Kien Thuy, An Lao, Thuy Nguyen va hai huyen dao Cat Hai, Bach Long Vi IV PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU CUA LUAN VAN : Luan van dupc thuc hien tren co so nhung luan diem co ban cua chu nghia Mac-Lenin, cac quan diem cua Dang va Nha nudc ta ve chu truong, chinh sach phat trien thi trudng noi chung, thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa noi rieng Dac biet la cac van kien, nghi quyet cua Dang bo cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong ve van de nong nghiep th nam 1995 den Ngoai viec di khao sat thuc te, su dung cac so lieu thong ke, tham khao cac de tai, bao cao lien quan den luan an, chung toi da su dung phuong phap phan tich tong hop, phong van chuyen gia, phan tich thong ke, so sanh, ly luan gSn vdi thuc tien viec giai quyet nhung van de dat cua thng chuong V NHUNG DONG GOP KHOA HOC CUA LUAN VAN : Neu len nhung nhan thuc mdi ve thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hien va chi xu hudng van dong cua thi trudng tuong lai Phan tich dac diem, vai tro, thuc trang thi trudng tieu thu nong pham va mau thuan chu yeu qua trinh tieu thu nong pham cua cac huyen ngoai thanh Hai Phong, dong thdi, xac dinh phuong hudng va de xua't nhung giai phap co ban de giai quyet mau thuan Lam ro tinh he thong, tinh dong bo cua cac giai phap qua trinh phat trien thi truv'yng tieu thu nong pham cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong the hien O chd : Phat trien thi trudng phai gfin vdi viec xay dung ket cau tdng kinh te - xa hoi o nong thon, vdi cong nghiep che bien va cac chfnh sach quan ly kinh te vi mo cung vdi he thong luat phap kinh te cua Nha nude VI KET CAU CUA LUAN VAN : Ngoai phan mo dau, ket luan, danh muc tai lieu tham khao va phu luc, luan van gom ba chuong, cu the la : Chuong : Nhung van de co ban ve phat trien thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa Chuong : Thuc trang cua thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai thanh Hai Phong Chuong : Phuong hudng va bien phap chu yeu nham phat trie'n thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong — EQ— CHUONG I : NHUNG VAN HE CO BAN VE PHAT THI TRUING TIEU THU NONG PHAM HANG HOA i.i ban chat va vai tro phat trien cua thi truOng _ A _ A A? X Z hieu hru totg tram hang roa 1.1.1 Quan niem ve tl^i tru’dng via thi trudng tieu thu ndng pham: 1.1.1.1 Thi trudng: Thi trudng la mot pham tru cua kinh te hang hoa, la linh vuc trao doi san pham lao dong, la tong the nhung thoa thuan cho phep ngudi ban va ngudi mua cac hang hoa va dich vu gap thoa man cac nhu cau cho Vi vay Thi trudng khong nhat thiet la mot dia diem cu the mac du chung co the co dia diem cu the Thi trudng co lien quan den su song cua san xuat hang hoa Do do, mdi quoc gia co san xuat va luu thong hang hoa deu quan tam den viec xay dung va hoan thien mot thi trudng (bao gom thi trudng nudc va thi trudng ngoai nudc) ma trudc het la thi trudng nudc d Viet Nam, th sau Dai hoi Dang toan quoc lan thu’u VI den nay, Dang luon nhat quan chu truong phat trien nen kinh te hang hoa nhieu phan, van hanh theo co che thi trudng co su quan ly cua Nha nudc theo dinh hudng xa hoi chu nghia, vai tro thi trudng luon duoc coi vi "San xuat hang hoa la moi trudng cho su ton tai va phat tr^en cua nen kinh te nhieu phan Mat khac, co che thi trudng la moi trudng cho su ton tai va phat trien cua nen kinh te hang hoa Boi vay, xay dung va phat trien nen kinh te nhieu phan khong the khong de cho nen kinh te van dong theo co che thi triridig Co che thi trudng co nghia la thha nhan vai tro cua thi trudng viec dieu tiet hoat dong kinh te Cac don vi kinh te, cac chu the san xua't kinh doanh Doi mdi phuong thiic hoat dong cua thuong nghiep HTX : Hoat dong cua thuong nghiep HTX mot mat la : hoat dong kinh doanh phai co lai, nham thu hut cang nhieu nong dan va cac doi tuong khac tham gia, mat khac hoat dong cua thuong nghiep HTX la phuc vu san xuat va ddi song cua nong dan Vi vay hoat dong cua thuong nghiep HTX phai xuat phat tir nhu cau cua thi trudng, khach hang de chu dong khai thac nguon hang, dap ung cang tot cho san xuat va ddi song xa hoi, nang cao hieu qua kinh doanh , mat khac tren co sd phat huy vai trd tu chu cua ho ndng dan, thuong nghiep HTX hudng hoat dong -cua minh vao nhung hieu qua hon so vdi thuong nghiep HTX 3.3.6 Phat trien he thong cong nghe che bien phuc vu cac huyen ngoai Hai Phdng Nang cao kha nang canh tranh cua nong pham la giai phap co ban de md rong thi trudng tieu thu nong pham cua Hai Phdng d thi trudng nudc va quoc te Dieu ddi hoi phai siic phat trien mot nen nong nghiep hang hoa toan dien gdn vdi cong nghiep che bien de tao nhieu loai nong san vdi chat luong cao, gia Hai Phdng vdi khu vuc ndng nghiep rong ldn, san xuat nhieu ndng san, lai la vung kinh te diem cua khu vuc kinh te Bdc Bo, ddi hoi nganh cong nghiep che bien nong- lam-thuy san can qui hoach phat trien tuong x'udng vdi vi tri cua minh Phat trien cOng nghiep che bien nong-lam-thuy san tao co cau kinh te hop ly, nhflm nang cao chat luong ndng san, dong thdi dua ndng san vuon thi trudng ben ngoai de ndng nghiep cd dieu kien phat trien tot Vdi dien tich gan 100 ngan dat gia cay luong thuc, neu ap dung cac bien phap tang nang sua thi kha nang san luong luong thuc cua Hai Phdng khong chi dam bao chuong trinh quoc gia ve an ninh luong thuc ma cd the thuc hien tham gia chuong trinh xuat khau gao vung dong 100 bang song Hong Vi vay cong nghiep che bien luong thuc can phai dat vdi cac noi dung cu the : - Phoi, sa'y, bao quan nong san sau thu hoach - Xay, xat gao dac san, tham gia chuong trinh xuat khau gao vung dong bang song Hong, xay xat gao tieu dung noi dia - Che bien banh da, cac thuc pham an lien phuc vu nhu cau tai chO va cung cap cho thi trudng vung kinh te Bac Bo Cong suat cua cac co so che bien la phai cung co, nang cap nha may xay Hai Phong, dam bao cong sua't 20.000 tan/ nam san pham gao cua nha may du tieu chuan xuat khau Trang bi may say co 0,5 - 1,0 ta'n/me va loai 3-4 tan/me cho nong dan, dam bao 30% san pham sau thu hoach duoc phoi say Tang cudng nang luc cac kho bao quan thoc goc, dap ung so luong luong thuc du tru quoc gia Thanh pho' Huy dong 3.000 may xay xat gao loai cong sua't nho cua tu nhan, dam bao xay xat 500.000 tan gao/nam phuc vu tieu dung cho nhan dan tren dia ban Thanh Che bien rau qua vdi muc tieu xuat khau 30.000 ta'n rau cac loai vao nam 2010 (san xua't tai chO va thu hut nguyen lieu th cac dia phuong thuoc Dong Bang song Hong) vi vay phai cung co, nang ca'p he thong kho lanh bao quan rau qua tuoi vdi day chuyen dong bao bi phu hop de xua't khau, cong sua't 200 tan Xay dung nha may che bien ca chua cong sua't 200 ta'n/ngay Che bien thit gia suc, gia cam : nam 2000 san luong thit hoi dat 62.400 tan che bien xua't khau 5.000 ta'n Du kien nam 2010 san luong thit hoi dat 98.160 ta'n che bien xua't khau 15.000 ta'n Vi vay can phai md rong cong sua't va doi mdi trang thiet bi cac co sd nhu Xf nghiep thuc pham Hai Phong, Cong ty hop Ha Long 101 Trong chien luoc phat trien kinh te Hai Phong da xac dinh thuy san la nganh kinh te mui nhon, xay dung Hai Phong trung tam dich vu thuy san ve giong, thiic an, khoa hoc cong nghe, che bien xuat khau cua Thanh hien la tren 70 tan/ngay Luong san pham ddi hoi 25.000 - 30.000 tan nguyen lieu/nam Du kien den nam 2010 cong suat thiet bi can khoang 100 tan/ngay Vi vay phai thng budc md rong, nSng cap, bo sung de hoan thien cac day chuyen thiet bi nhu Xf nghiep dong lanh 42 thuoc Cdng ty che bien thuy san xuat khau Hai Phong, hoan thien day chuyen thiet bi dong lanh nhanh cua Y d Tong cong ty thuy san Hai Phong phuc hoi nang luc san xuat cua cac xudng che bien thiic an gia sue, gia cam, nuoi tom, ca d cac co sd nhu Cdng ty Che bien thuy san xua't khau, Cdng ty Co phan hop Ha Long Ndng pham qua che bien se lam tang them gia tri, dd gias ca cua no cung se tang len Chfnh vi tam quan cua cua san ndng nghiep qua che bien, nen Dang ta chu trudng : "Phat trien toan dien ndng, lam, ngu nghiep g&n vdi cdng nghiep che nong, lam, thuy ndng nghiep hang hoa toan dien g&n vdi cdng nghiep che bien la nham day nhanh 3.4 TAO LAP MOI TRUdNG VA DIEU KIEN DE PHAT TRIEN THI TRIONG TIEU THU NONG PHAM HANG HOA: Trong nhung nam gan day, cung vdi mdi trudng kinh te he thong chu truong chfnh sach cua Dang va Nha nudc ta duoc the che hoa luat cung nhu nhung van ban dudi luat ve dat dai, siic lao dong tai nguyen va von, cd cau tang khoa hoc cong nghe, dao tao, giao due, thi trudng da tao mdi trudng kinh te, phap ly cho nen ndng nghiep va ndng thon ta phat trien dung hudng - dem lai hieu qua kinh te - xa hoi cho ndng dan, ndng nghiep va ndng thon d cac vung dat nudc, nhien 102 hoat dong thuc tidn nhung van de can tiep tuc bo sung, hoan thien - Can phai uu tien phat trien he thong tai chinh d nong thon de hd tro cho cac hoat dong san xuat nong nghiep va phi nong nghiep - Tang cudng cai thien ket cau tang d nong thon vdi su dong gop cua tung dia phuong ca ve tien cua, stic lao dong dau tu chieu sau khoa hoc cong nghe cho san xuat nong nghiep, trudc het cong nghe sinh hoc va cong nghe che bien - Phat tri^n he thong dich vu thong tin tu van sau rong nong thon - Tang cudng tao lap moi trudng cho thi trudng tieu thu nong san pham Khong ngung md nong thi trudng tieu thu nong pham va ngoai nudc, tang cudng luu thong giao luu nong san tren tat ca cac vung dap ting nhu cau san xuat va tieu dung, thuc day chuyen dich co cau kinh te, phan cong lao dong xa hoi, tang cudng ap dung va doi mdi cong nghe Da dang hoa cac kenh luu thong va cac cap de luu thong hang hoa, chu cac hinh thtic luu thong vua va nho tuong ting vdi quy mo cung - cau d thi trudng khu vuc vdi quy mo san xuat va co sd tang Dong thdi tung budc xay dung cac kenh va cap luu thong hang hoa ldn nham thuc day md rong thi trudng va thong nhat thi trudng toan quoc, dap ting nhu cau cua thi trudng the gidi Phai hoan thien cac to chtic thuong mai trung gian, tao kenh tieu thu hang hoa ldn nhung khong doc quyen va hoat dong co hieu qua, gop phan giai quyet quan he cung cau d tam ca nudc, hudng dan san xua't (bao gom ca hd tro von, khoa hoc cong nghe cho cac ho nong dan, bao tieu san pham ) Trong he thong thi truxdng noi tren, can coi vai trd mo hinh thi trudng dac thu - cho nong thon va thi Tuy theo dieu kien giao luu, dung luong hang hoa tren thi trudng, gdn cac cho ldn, cac tu diem giao thong, hien dai hoa thi trudng thong qua hinh thtic phat trien cac 103 cum kinh te thuong mai dich vu vdi ccf sd che bien bao quan, lirng budc hinh va cac trung tarn ban buon nong san hang hoa Xay dung hoan thien luat phap phu hop vdi hoat dong cua thi trudng, dam bao su on dinh va nhat quan nhieu phan, thuc hien md cua tung budc phu hop kha nang ben vdi xu hudng tu kinh te thuong mai khu vuc va toan cau De tao lap mdi trudng canh tranh binh ding, can phai hinh luSt thuong mai, luat chong doc quyen va dau co, luat bao ve ve ngudi tieu dung San xuat nong nghiep von cd tinh thdi vu din den tinh thdi vu thu hoach va trao doi (cung cau tren thi trudng luon luon khong cong bang) Dieu ddi hoi Chinh phu phai can thiep vao cung cau cua thi trudng nong san pham hang hoa Ching han, lap quy binh on gia de hd trq lai suat tien vay de mua nong san du tru lien kho de on dinh cung cau tren thi trudng Thi trudng luon van dong va phat trien, nhu cdu mdi luon xuat hien Mot su thay doi cua mdi trudng canh tranh hay mot su bien dong cong nghe mang lai nhung dieu kien vira thuan, vira nghich cho nen san xu£t nong nghiep nudc ta Cac doanh nghiep, trang trai, chu ho san xua't, kinh doanh nong nghiep nudc ta chua cd kha nang thich ung nhanh ddi song kinh te - xa hoi cua nong dan, nong nghiep, nong thon Vi vay, Nha nudc phai la chu the nhan biet, chuan doan yeu cau phat trien tuong lai thi trudng; du toan chien luoc, ke hoach hoa thi trudng san pham d giai doan nao cua nhu cau; cd doi sach vdi nhung thay doi anh hudng cua thi trudng san pham Cd the, cac doanh nghiep, trang trai, chu ho mdi danh gia, kiem tra duoc nang luc hien tai va tuong lai cua minh Ho mdi tap trung, chon loc nguon luc vao san pham va thi trudng phu hop Trudc mat, Nha nudc phai cd doi ngu can bo cong tac nghien cun, cong tac tiep thi va xuc tien thuong mai de md rong thi trudng xua't khau nong san hang hoa 104 Can co nhung dam phan md rong thi trudng mdi, ki cac hiep dinh cap Nha nudc Xuat khau dai han vdi khoi luong ldn, tao nen thi trudng tieu thu san pham on dinh, vung ch Sc, co hieu qua Dong thdi "uu tien da'u tu nang cap, md rong cac kho chiia; thiet bi phoi say, bao quan sau thu hoach; cac co sd che bien thuoc cac phan kinh te ndng nghiep di doi vdi chan chinh hoat dong theo hudng gan ket hai hoa, hieu qua cua nha may vdi loi ich cua nong dan, phai duoc coi la mot yeu cau quan dd’ md rong thi trudng tieu thu nong san cho nong dan va nang cao chat luong hang hoa xuat khau" [10; 20] Cac doanh nghiep che bien la thi trudng tieu thu san pham true tiep va quan nhat cua nong dan Nhung san pham duoc che tac hang hoa cd gia tri cao, dap ling nhu cau thi trudng Thuc hien cong nghiep hoa va hien dai hoa nong nghiep theo hudng san xuat hang hoa, phat trien nen ndng nghiep toan dien, chuyen dich co cau kinh te ndng nghiep va nong thon hop ly, tao nen mot nen ndng nghiep cd nang suat, chat luqng cao, ndng thon cd nhieu nganh nghe, ndng dan cd viec lam, tang thu nhap Nhieu chu chuong chfnh sach cua Dang va Nha nudc ddi nham thuc day qua trinh phat trien nen nong nghiep theo hudng nhieu nganh nghe, nhieu quy mo, nhieu chung loai, hudng ve san xuat hang hoa vdi kha nang phat trien cong nghiep hoa nong nghiep, dd thi hoa ndng thon nhung chfnh sach hang dau luon luon bao dam an toan luong thuc quoc gia moi tinh hudng, mdi vung da't nudc - phat trien mot nen ndng nghiep sach - ben - vung kinh te - xa hoi Mat khac, qua trinh phat trien dd phai gdn lien vdi dd thi hoa ndng thon; cdng nghiep tang nhanh va co ca'u san xua't hang hoa phat trien se lam anh hudng, thay doi quy luat tu nhien von cd, vi vay Dang va Nha nudc cd chfnh sach nhat quan: bao ve, tri moi trudng sinh thai la nhiem vu cap bach hien va lau dai cua toan xa hoi, la nghia vu, quyen lqi cua moi ngudi, moi co sd, dia phuong, moi vung va ca nudc X 105 KET LUAN Trong co che thi trudng, thi trudng co vai trd la cau noi giu san xuat va tieu dung, la noi thuc hien tai san xuat cac yeu to san xua't, la nhan to quyet dinh su tang trudng va phat trien kinh te noi chung, nganh ndng pham noi rieng Trong dieu kien san xuat hang hoa, thi trudng la san xuat khong tieu thu duqc Do vay, thi trudng la mot nhung yeu td quan quyet dinh hieu qua kinh doanh co che thi trudng Trong linh vuc tieu thu ndng pham cung nhu cac hang hoa khac de dat duqc hieu qua kinh te cao san xuat va kinh doanh can phai md rong thi trudng ca nudc lan ngoai nudc, xay dung duqc mot he thong thi trudng xua't khau on dinh, vdi nhung mat hang ndng pham chu yeu co kim ngach xua't khau ldn, co siic canh tranh tren thi trudng, nham on dinh san xua't, gop phan thuc hien chien luqc hudng manh ve xua't khau cua dat nudc De tai “Phuong hudng, bien phap phat trien thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai thanh pho' Hai Phdng” da khai quat duqc nhung van de co ban ve ly luan phat trien thi trudng tieu thu ndng pham hang hoa Tren co sd thay duqc viec phat trien thi trudng tieu thu nong pham d Hai Phdng la viec vo cung can thiet Bang phuong phap nghien chu khoa hoc nhu dieu tra, khao sat, thong ke chuyen gia, phan tich, tong hop vdi nguon tu lieu phong phu va cap nhat, Luan van da phan ti'ch chi tiet thuc trang thi trudng tieu thu ndng pham cua cac huyen ngoai Hai phdng tir nam 1995 den X 106 Tir chi duoc nhung mat manh, mat yeu cung nhu thung thuan loi va kho khan cua cac huyen ve van de tieu thu san pham nong nghiep cho ngudi nong dan Luan van da dua duoc nhung phuong hudng va bien phap kha thi co can cii khoa hoc va thuc tien de phat trien thi trudng tieu thu nong pham hang hoa cua cac huyen ngoai cung nhu ca Hai phdng noi chung Do la viec nang cao kha nang canh tranh cua mat hang nong pham nhu nSng cao chat luong, gia nong pham, to chuc he thong luu thong nong pham hang hoa, cong nghe che bien nong pham Tir san xuat nong nghiep d cac huyen ngoai Hai Phdng chuyen sang co che thi trudng, thi trudng tieu thu nong pham cua Hai Phdng phat trien kha nhanh, tao nhung chuyen bien tfch cue viec san xuat nong pham cung ung cho tieu dung, bao dam an ninh luong thuc thuc pham quoc gia Tang thu ngoai te dap ung dupe nhu cau san xuat va ddi songs cho nhan dan Thanh Vi vay la bp mat kinh te xa hoi nong song vat chat, van hoa, xa hoi cua dan cu vung cang dupe cai thien Tuy nhien thi trudng lieu thu nong pham cua cac huyen nhieu yeu kem nhu sire canh tranh yeu, gia ca cung nhu chat lupng chu'a dap ung dupe nhu cau, cac doanh nghiep thuong mai qui mo nho, von ft, thi trudng Thanh pho' kem tinh hap dSn de thu hut nhu cau mua, ban d cac dia phuong khac, thi trudng nudc ngoai xue tien cham chap, coong tac nghien cdu md rong thi trudng to chuc don le, kem hieu qua, cong nghiep che bien lac hau Tir nhung yeu kem tren, luan an xac dinh mot so' phuong hudng co ban de cac bien phap phat trien thi trudng tieu thu nong pham cua cac huyen ngoai Hai Phong chien lupc phat trien nong thon theo hudng phuc vu thi va xua't khau cua Thanh 107 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO PTS Mai Van Buu, PTS Phan Kim Chien (Chu bien 1999) Quan ly nha nvtdc ve kinh te (Giao trinh sau dai hoc, NXB Khoa hoc va Ky thuat, 1999) PGS PTS Nguyen Duy Bot (Chu bien) giao trinh Thuong mai quoc te - NXB Thong ke, 1997 Dang cong san Viet Nam: Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc ldn thii VIII NXB Chinh tri quoc gia Ha Noi, 1996 Dang cong san Viet Nam: Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc lan thii IX NXB Chinh tri quoc gia Ha Noi, 2001 Dang bo Hai Phong - Bao cao chmh tn cua BCH khoa X PGS PTS Dang Dinh Dao (Chu bien) - Giao trinh kinh te thuong mai NXB Thong ke, 1998 PGS PTS Hoang Minh During - Giao trinh quan tri Doanh nghiep thuong mai - NXB Giao due 1998 PTS Nguyrin Ultra Loc -Giao trinh quan tri Doanh nghiep thuong mai - NXB Giao due 1998 UBND Hai phring - Bao cao kinh te xa hoi cua HaiPhong 1999 - 2000 10 UBND Hai phring - Qui hoach va phat trien tong the kinh te - xa hoi Hai Phring 1995 - 2000 11 UBND huyen Vmh Bao - Bao cao kinh te xa hoi cua huyen 12 UBND huyen Tien Lang - Qui hoach phat trien tong the kinh te - xa hoi huyen Tien Lang 1995 - 2000 13 UBND huyen Kien Thuy - Qui hoach phat trien tong thri kinh te - xa hoi huyen Kien Thuy nam 1995 - 2000 14 UBND huyen Thuy Nguyen - Qui hoach phat tririn tring the kinh te - xa hoi huyen Thuy Nguyen nam 1995 - 2000 108 15 UBND huyen An Lao - Qui hoach phat trien tong the kinh te xa hoi huyen An Lao nam 1995 - 2000 16 UBND huyen An Hai - Qui hoach phat trien tong the kinh te xa hoi huyen Kien Thuy An Hai nam 1995 - 2000 17 TS Nguyen Xuan Quang - Giao trinh Marketing thirong mai QTDNTM NXB Thong ke - 1999 18 Vien Nghien cun quan ly kinh te TW - Bao cao kinh te Viet Nam - 1999 19 Vu chfnh sach nong nghiep - phat trien nong thon Chien lucre phat trien nong nghiep den 2010 va viec hoa nhap moi trifdng chien lirqc phat trien 20 Hoang Tuyet Minh - Tran MinhNhat - Vu Tuyet Lan - Chfnh nghiep 2000 21 So Nong nghi-ep va phat trien nong thon : Qui hoach phat trien san xuat nong - lam - thuy san Hai Phong 1996 - 2001 22 So Thirong mai Hai Phong : Bao cao tong hop soat qui hoach 2000 23 TS NguySn Van Son - Cac giai phap chien luoc nang cao hieu qua xuat khau gao Viet nam - NXB Thong ke - 2000 24 Nien giam thong ke 1997 - NXB Thong ke 1998 25 Nien giam thong ke 1998 - NXB Thong Ke 1999 26 Nien giam thong ke 1999 - NXB Thong Ke 2000 27 Nien giam thong ke 2000 - NXB Thong Ke 2001 28 Thdi bao kinh te Viet nam so 8, 133, 9, 88, 5, 14, 7, 112, 122, 142, 3, 44 109 I5ieu so : DONG THAI VE SAN XUAT VA TIEU THU SAN LUONG LUA CUA CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HAI PHONG TU 1995- 2010 Dem vi tinh: Tan San lifting Huyen Nam 2000 Nam 1995 Nam x Tieu thu tai cac huyen ngoai Tieu thu ngoai huyen San lifong Tieu thu tai cac huyen ngoai Nam 2010 Tieu thu ngoai huyen San lifting Tieu thu tai cac huyen ngoai Tieu thu ngoai huyen Vinh Bao 102.455 49.076 53.379 115.881 51.051 64.803 138.557 48.143 90.414 Tien Lang 67.879 39.266 28.613 72.854 40.677 32.177 105.589 38.519 67.070 Thuy Nguyen 72.230 74.850 -2.620 80.838 77.805 3.033 95.073 73.427 21.646 An lao 50.041 32.086 17.955 54.974 33.306 21.668 66.802 31.476 35.326 Kien Thuy 62.133 45.499 16.634 74.704 47.229 27.511 87.414 44.634 42.780 An Hai 49.514 56.703 -7.189 55.293 58.968 - 3.675 55.437 55.624 -187 l t CAC MAT HANG NONG SAN HANG NAM -NAM 2010 PHAN THEO HUYEN THUOC THANH PHO HAI PHONG Don vi tinh: Tail * Loai cay Tong so Huyen T Nguyen Huyen An Hai Huyen An Lao Huyen Kien Thuy Huyen Tien Lang Huyen Vinh Bao Huyen Kien An Cac Huyen Cat Hai nori khac 109425 19394 13154 12497 17235 19912 25442 808 143 840 96640 16884 9690 114 87 15 485 18022 23421 728 103 820 a Cay lua 88640 15964 8440 10467 14715 16702 20951 702 130 596 + Lua dong xuan 43103 7503 4203’ • 5071 7138 8136 10443 311 298 250 110 1000 7577 8566 10508 391 103 298 250 110 1000 Tons so Cay hang nam Trong do: Lua dac san Lua mua 140 1500 45537 8461 4237 5396 140 Trong do:Lua dac san 1500 b Cay man 8000 920 1250 1020 770 1320 2470 216 224 + CSy Ngo 3000 150 250 350 100 600 1350 200 + Cay khoai Lang 3000 470 600 400 400 430 670 16 14 + Cay khoai tay 2000 300 400 270 270 290 450 10 10 Rau cac loai 9500 2160 3000 660 1600 1000 1000 60 20 Trong do:Rau xua't khau 3000 800 700 450 450 250 350 Cay CNHN 3285 350 464 350 150 890 1021 20 - Cay dau tuong 1820 300 400 300 50 250 500 20 40 61 50 50 50 550 60 400 - Cay coi 115 - Cay lac 350 - Cay thuoc lao 1000 14 50 50 50 40 40 TINH HINH TIEU THU NONG PHAM HANG HOA CHU YEU CUA CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HAI PHONG NAM 2000 Dcfn vi tinh : Ta'n Cac huyen Huyen VTnh Bao San lircfng Tieu thu tai cho 115.881 51.051 Thit cac loai 5.700 Ca cac loai Luang there quy thoc Trimg cac loai Rau xanh cac loai % San liTOng Tieu thu tai cho 40.677 55,8 80.830 77.805 2.700 3.278 -12 5.800 35,8 4000 1493 37,3 4.7 23,5 16 3.7 13.464 26,9 34.200 10.800 San ItTOng Tieu thu tai cho 44 72.854 4114 72,1 5.200 1.866 20 50.000 Mat hang Huyen Thuy Nguyen Huyen Tien Lang % Huyen An Lao San li/cfng Tieu thu tai cho 96 54.974 6.270 -8,1 3800 2.850 23 5.5 31,5 25.000 Huyen Kien Thuy % San li/cfng Tieu thu tai cho 33.306 60,5 74.740 47.229 2.500 2.684 -10,7 5000 75 3.400 1220 35,8 7.1 -29 13 3.0 20.520 82 1.6000 8.784 % Huyen An Hai San liTOng Tieu thu tai cho % 63 55.293 58.968 -6,6 3.806 76,1 4.600 4.752 -3,3 5000 1.730 34,6 2.500 2.156 86,2 23 20 4.3 21.5 5.4 -8.0 54,9 25.400 12.456 49 70.000 15.552 22,2 % Bieu so : TINH HINH TIEU THU MOT SO MAT HANG NONG PHAM CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH - THANH PHO HAI PHONG NAM 2000 / Huyen DV tinh Huyen VTnh Bao Huyen Tien Lang Huyen Thuy Nguyen Huyen An Lao Huyen Kien Thuy Huyen An Hai Mat hang Laong thac quy thoc Tan 51.051 40.677 77.805 33.306 47.229 58.968 Thit cac loai Tan 4.114 3.278 6.27 2.684 3.806 4.752 Ca cac loai Tan 1.866 1.493 2.850 1.220 1.703 2.156 4.7 3.7 7.1 3.0 4.3 5.4 13.464 10.800 20.520 « 8.784 12.456 15.552 Tring cac loai Rau xanh cac loai Tr.qua Tan Bi£u so : *> AZ , _ , w AV Z * - DU KIEN SAN LUONG CAC LOM CAY HANG NAM - NAM 2010 THANH PHO HAI PHONG - PHAN THEO QUAN HUYEN THI XA Don vi tinh: Tan LOAI CAY TRONG HUYEN T.NGUYEN HUYEN AN HAI HUYEN HUYEN TIEN H.VINH HUYEN HUYEN CAC NOI LAO KIEN THUY LANG BAO KIEN AN CAT HAI KHAC HUYEN AN 557.848.6 95.073.5 55.473,0 66.802.0 87.414.0 105.589.5 138.557.6 4.265.5 515,0 4.158.5 ca nam 525.054,6 91.553,5 50.623,0 62.639,5 84.501,5 99.997,0 127.775,1 4.172,0 515,0 3.278,0 Lua dong xuan 272.700,0 45.018,0 27.319,5 32.961,5 42.828,0 52.884,0 67.879,5 2.021,5 0,0 1.788,0 1.125,0 495,0 4.500,0 41.673,5 47.113,0 59.895,6 2.150,5 515,0 1.490,0 1.000,0 440,0 4.000,0 Tone SL LT qui Cay thuc - Lua + TONG SO luong thoc Trong do: Lua dac san + Lua mua Trong do: Lua dac san 6.750,0 252.354,6 630,0 46.535,5 6.000.0 23.303,5 29.678,0 560,0 - Cay mau Cay NgO 750,0 1.250,0 1.750,0 500,0 3.000,0 6.750,0 + Cay Khoai lang 14.800,0 41.986,0 6.580,0 8.400,0 5.600,0 5.600,0 6.020 9.380,0 224,0 182,0 + Cav Khoai tay 29.990,0 4.500,0 6.000,0 4.050,0 4.050,0 4.350,0 6.750,0 150,0 140,0 Rau cac loai 228.000,0 51.840,0 72.000,0 15.840.0 38.400 24.000,0 24.000 1.440,0 480,0 Tr.do: Rau xua't khau 60.000,0 16.000,0 14.000,0 9.000,0 9.000,0 5.000,0 7i000,0 2.912,0 480,0 640,0 480,0 80,0 400,0 800,0 - Cay Coi 561,0 0,0 56,0 0,0 0,0 200,0 305,0 - Cay Lac 420,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 72,0 75,0 880,0 640,0 + 800,0 Cay CNHN - Cay Dau tuong - Cay Thuoc lao 1.595,0 32„0 48,0