a practical sanskrit introductory

[...]... at all de nite, and has come to be a matter of conventional usage; nevertheless many verbs do retain the formal distinction between parasmai-pada active voice and tmane-pada middle voice a parasmai-pada ekadvibahuvacana vacana vacana prathama- nayati nayatah nayanti purusa madhyama- nayasi nayathah nayatha purusa uttamanaymi nayvah naymah a a a purusa a tmane-pada eka- dvibahuvacana... Latin cum together with and sonre to sound a 14 A Practical Sanskrit Introductory kanthya tlavya mrdhanya dantya osthya a u guttural palatal cerebral dental labial ka kha ga gha na _ ca cha ja jha na ~ ta tha da dha na ta tha da dha na pa pha ba bha ma The table is also arranged horizontally by rows: the rst, for example, comprises ka, ca, ta, ta, and pa The rst, third and fth rows are... to start becoming familiar with the alphabetical order The order is best memorized in groups as shown below: a  i  u u r  l  e ai o au am ah a  r l ka kha ga gha na _ ca cha ja jha na ~ ta tha da dha na ta tha da dha na pa pha ba bha ma ya ra la va a sa sa s ha 24 A Practical Sanskrit Introductory 3 .A. 6 Devangar Alphabet a Here are the rst ten consonants in devangar script Each symbol... alphabetical order this follows the sibilants and is the last letter of the alphabet: a sa sa ha s Lesson 3 .A 23 3 .A. 4 Summary of the Consonants The de nitive qualities of the consonants are given in tabular form: kanthyatlavyamrdhanyadantyaosthya u a guttural palatal cerebral dental labial ka kha ga gha na _ ha ca cha ja jha na ~ ya a s ta tha da dha na ra sa Qualities ta pa unvoicedunaspirated... order a a b Practise reading and writing the sixteen mtrk in Roman script and a a devangar a c Translate the following sentences into English: 1 tisthanti vadatah ca 2 tisthathah vadvah ca a 3 vadmah tisthatah ca a 4 tisthasi vadathah ca 5 tisthatha vadathah ca 6 vadatah tisthmah ca a 7 tisthati vadanti ca 8 tisthasi vadvah ca a d Translate the following sentences into Sanskrit: ... dictionary a means `man', and with its sup-vibhakti endings appears as: eka-vacana dvi-vacana bahu-vacana pratham narah a narau narh a dvity a naram narau narn a Other nouns that take this form of declension are a va `horse', and vrksa `tree' s Where `tisthanti' is translated as `they pl. stand', the pronoun `they' is implied in the verb and it is not necessary to add an explicit Sanskrit pronoun... vadati ca a 2 tisthati vadasi ca 3 vadmi tisthasi ca a 5 vadasi tisthmi ca a 6 tisthmi vadmi ca a a e Translate the following sentences into Sanskrit: 1 He stands and I speak 4 You speak and he stands 2 You stand and he speaks 5 I stand and he speaks 3 You speak and I stand 6 I speak and you stand 1.B.4 Flash Cards The next sheet has the ash cards for the rst six vowels Cut these out and start... particular grammatical gender a linga: masculine pum-linga, feminine str-linga, and neuter napumsaka_ _ _ linga To the prtipadika form are added case-endings sup-vibhakti which _ a indicate the relationship of the noun to the verb There are seven such grammatical relationships; and, like the verb, each of these has a singular eka-vacana, dual dvi-vacana, and plural bahu-vacana form... O; Oe; A; ea A; Ea AM AH Lesson 2.B 2.B.1 More on Verbs As well as the division into purusa person, the verbs are divided into number vacana: in English there is singular and plural, while in Sanskrit there is singular eka-vacana, dual dvi-vacana, and plural bahu-vacana The personal endings are used to indicate both person and number, for example: eka-vacana prathama- tisthati purusa he she... considered to  be sadvivrta slightly open or ardhasprsta half-contact, which allows a restricted hissing ow of breath through the mouth The sibilants are aspirated mahprna and unvoiced aghosa a a kanthya tlavya mrdhanya dantya osthya a u guttural palatal cerebral dental labial | a s sa sa | The sa sounds like the sibilant in the English words `seek' and `kiss', sa like the `sh' in .