© ISO 2016 Heat treatable steels, alloy steels and free cutting steels — Part 4 Free cutting steels Aciers pour traitement thermique, aciers alliés et aciers pour décolletage — Partie 4 Aciers pour dé[.]
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 683-4 Second edition 2016-07- 15 Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels — Part 4: Free-cutting steels Aciers pour traitement thermique, aciers alliés et aciers pour décolletage — Partie 4: Aciers pour décolletage Reference number ISO 683-4:2016(E) © ISO 2016 ISO 683-4:2016(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved Unless otherwise specified, no part o f this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country o f the requester ISO copyright o ffice Ch de Blandonnet • CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyright@iso.org www.iso.org ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) Page Contents Foreword iv Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Classification and designation 4.2 Designation C las s ificatio n Information to be supplied by the purchaser 5.3 Ordering example Manufacturing process 6.1 General f 6.2.2 Particular heat-treatment condition f Requirements 7.1 Chemical composition, hardness, and mechanical properties 7.1.1 General 7.1.2 Chemical composition 7.1.3 Mechanical properties 7.4 Grain size 7.5 Internal soundness f 7.7 Shape, dimensions, and tolerances Inspection f f f 8.3.2 Visual and dimensional inspection Test methods 9.2 Hardness and mechanical tests 9.2.1 Hardness 9.2.2 Mechanical tests 9.3 Retests 10 Marking Annex A (normative) Ruling sections for mechanical properties 14 Annex B (normative) Supplementary or special requirements 17 M andato ry in fo rmatio n O p tio ns /s up p lementary o r s p ecial requirements 6.2 H eat treatment and s ur ace co nditio n at delivery 6.2 N o rmal co nditio n at delivery 6.3 Traceab ility o 7.2 M achinab ility 7.3 Weldab ility 7.6 S ur ace quality 8.1 Tes ting p ro cedures and typ es o 8.2 Frequency o 8.3 S p ecific ins p ectio n and tes ting 8.3 9.1 the cas t cuments tes ting Verificatio n o the hardnes s and mechanical p ro p erties C hemical analys is (informative) Annex C Designation of steels given in this part of ISO 683 and of comparable grades covered in various designation systems 19 (informative) Annex D Dimensional standards applicable to products complying with this part of ISO 683 20 Bibliography 21 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii ISO 683-4:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies) The work o f preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters o f electrotechnical standardization The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part In particular the different approval criteria needed for the di fferent types o f ISO documents should be noted This document was dra fted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part (see www.iso.org/directives) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o f the elements o f this document may be the subject o f patent rights ISO shall not be held responsible for identi fying any or all such patent rights Details o f any patent rights identified during the development o f the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents) Any trade name used in this document is in formation given for the convenience o f users and does not constitute an endorsement For an explanation on the meaning o f ISO specific terms and expressions related to formity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 4, Heat treatable and alloy steels This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 683-4:2014), o f which it constitutes a minor revision ISO 683 consists of the following parts, under the general title Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and freecutting steels: — Part 1: Non-alloy steels for quenching and tempering — Part 2: Alloy steels for quenching and tempering — Part 3: Case-hardening steels — Part 4: Free-cutting steels — Part 5: Nitriding steels — Part 14: Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs — Part 15: Valve steels for internal combustion engines — Part 17: Ball and roller bearing steels — Part 18: Bright steel products iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 683-4:2016(E) Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels — Part 4: Free-cutting steels Scope This part of ISO 683 f billets, slabs), bars and wire rod, manufactured from the free-cutting steels listed in Table and supplied f f ff f Table 1, rows to This part of ISO 683 covers three groups of free-cutting steels for mechanical purposes as listed in Table a) not intended for heat treatment, b) suitable for case-hardening, and c) suitable for quenching and tempering Free-cutting steels are often used as bright bars For these products, refer to ISO 683-18 gives the te ch nic al del iver y re qui rements i n one o the tre atment condition s given or the d i erent typ e s o or s em i-fi ni she d pro duc ts (e g blo om s , pro duc ts i n , namely I n s p e c i a l c a s e s , va ri ation s i n the s e te ch n ic a l del iver y re qui rements or add ition s to them c an s ubj e c t o f an agre ement at the ti me o f enqui r y and order (s e e 5.2 and Annex B) form the I n add ition to th i s p ar t o f I S O , the genera l te ch n ic a l del iver y re qu i rements o f I S O 4 are appl ic able Normative references T he fol lowi ng i nd i s p en s able c u ments , i n whole or i n p ar t, are normatively re ference d i n th i s c u ment a nd are for its appl ic ation For date d re ference s , on ly the e d ition cite d appl ie s For u ndate d re ference s , the late s t e d ition o f the re ference d c u ment (i nclud i ng any amend ments) appl ie s ISO 377, Steel and steel products — Location and preparation ofsamples and test pieces for mechanical testing ISO 404, Steel and steel products — General technical delivery requirements ISO 643, Steels — Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size ISO 4885, Ferrous products — Heat treatments — Vocabulary ISO 4948-1, Steels — Classification — Part 1: Classification of steels into unalloyed and alloy steels based on chemical composition ISO 4948-2, Steels — Classification — Part 2: Classification of unalloyed and alloy steels according to main quality classes and main property or application characteristics ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature ISO 6929, Steel products — Vocabulary ISO 9443, Heat-treatable and alloy steels — Surface quality classes for hot-rolled round bars and wire rods — Technical delivery conditions © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) ISO 10474, Steel and steel products — Inspection documents ISO 14284, Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition ISO/TR 9769, Steel and iron — Review of available methods of analysis ISO/TS 4949, Steel names based on letter symbols Terms and definitions For the purposes o f this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 377, ISO 4885, ISO 4948-1, ISO 4948-2, ISO 6929, ISO 14284 and the following apply 3.1 ruling section section for which the specified mechanical properties shall apply Note to entry: Independent o f the actual shape and dimensions o f the cross-section o f the product, the size o f its ruling section is always given by a diameter This corresponds to the diameter o f an “equivalent round bar” That is a round bar which will show the same cooling rate as the actual ruling section of the product concerned at its position for taking the test pieces, when being cooled from austenitizing temperature 3.2 free-cutting steels steels characterized by good machinability with high metal removal rate, mostly obtained by higher than normal contents of sulphur Note to entry: Other elements besides sul fur can be added for further improving the machinability Classification and designation 4.1 Classification The classification o f the relevant steel grades is allocated in accordance with ISO 4948-1 and ISO 4948-2 All steels covered by this part o f ISO 683 are classified as non-alloy quality steels 4.2 Designation For the steel grades covered by this part o f ISO 683, the steel names given in the relevant tables are allocated in accordance with ISO/TS 4949 5.1 Information to be supplied by the purchaser Mandatory information The manu facturer shall obtain the following in formation from the purchaser at the time o f enquiry and order: a) the quantity to be delivered; b) the designation o f the product form (e.g slab, bloom, billet, round bar, wire rod); c) either the designation of the dimensional standard and the dimensions and tolerances selected from this (see 7.7 ) or the designation of the drawing or any other document, covering the dimensions and tolerances required for the product; d) a re ference to this part o f ISO 683, i.e ISO 683-4; © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) e) the designation of the steel grade given in Table ; f ) standard designation for a test report 2.2 or, i f required, any other type o f inspection document in accordance with ISO 10474 5.2 Options/supplementary or special requirements A number o f options are specified in this part o f ISO 683 and listed below I f the purchaser does not indicate the wish to implement any o f these options, the products will be supplied in accordance with the basic specification o f this part o f ISO 683 (see 5.1) a) I f a heat-treatment condition other than the untreated condition is required, the symbol for this other condition (see Table 1, column 2) b) Any supplementary requirement that shall comply with the symbol and, where necessary, the details o f this supplementary requirement (see Annex B) c) Suitability o f bars and rod for bright drawing (see 7.6.4) d) Any requirement relating to removal o f sur face de fects (see 7.6.5) 5.3 Ordering example EXAMPLE 50 hot-rolled round bars according to ISO 1035-1, with a nominal diameter of 40 mm and a nominal length of 000 mm, with diameter tolerance according to class S and with length tolerance according to ISO 1035-4, class L2, made of steel grade ISO 683-4, 35S20 (see Table 2) in the heat-treatment condition +U (see Table 1), product analysis/option (see B.5) with a test report 2.2 in accordance with ISO 10474 50 round bars ISO 1035 – 40,0S × 000L2 steel grade ISO 683-4 – 35S20 option B.5 Inspection document ISO 10474 – 2.2 Manufacturing process 6.1 General The manu facturing process o f the steel and o f the products is, with the restrictions given by the requirements in 6.2 and 6.3, left to the discretion of the manufacturer For minimum reduction ratio or minimum thickness deformation ratio of rolled and forged products, see B.6 6.2 Heat treatment and surface condition at delivery 6.2.1 Normal condition at delivery Unless otherwise agreed at the time o f enquiry and order, the products shall be delivered in the untreated condition that means “as hot-worked” 6.2.2 Particular heat-treatment condition I f so agreed at the time o f enquiry and order, the products shall be delivered in one o f the particular heat-treatment conditions given in Table 1, rows and 6.3 Traceability of the cast Each product shall be traceable to the cast (see Clause 10) © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) Requirements 7.1 7.1.1 Chemical composition, hardness, and mechanical properties General Table f f f requirements according to Tables to (chemical composition, maximum hardness, mechanical properties) give s a s ur vey o 7.1.2 combi nation s o u s ua l tre atment cond ition s at del iver y, pro duc t orm s , and Chemical composition T he chem ic a l comp o s ition de term i ne d b y c a s t a na lys i s sh a l l comply with the va lue s i n Perm i s s ible devi ation s b e twe en the l i m iti ng va lue s are given in Table for c as t ana lys i s and the va lue s for Table pro duc t ana lys i s T he pro duc t ana lys i s s l l b e c a rrie d out when s p e c i fie d at the ti me o f the enqu i r y and order (s e e B.5) WARNING — Due to hazardous effects to health and environmental problems of Pb, it is recommended to instead use steels only with sulfur and other innocuous free-cutting element additions 7.1.3 Mechanical properties Mechanical properties for free-cutting steels are given in Tables to 7.2 Machinability T he s te el s covere d b y th i s p ar t o f I S O have go o d mach i nabi l ity a nd ch ip -bre a ki ng ch arac teri s tics However, the mach i nabi l ity de cre as e s with i nc re a s i ng c arb on, s i l icon and mangane s e contents , wh i le cold re duc tion i mprove s the mach i nabi l ity o f the s te el s no t i ntende d for he at tre atment a nd NO TE genera l ly N o n-le ade d s te el s with comp a rab le chem ic a l co mp o s ition h ave s te el 10 S2 identic a l me ch a n ic a l pro p er tie s , but o ften lower m ach i n ab i l ity th a n le ade d s te el s 7.3 Weldability B e c au s e o f thei r h igh s u l fur and s phor us content, for welding fre e - c utti ng s te el s are norma l ly no t re com mende d 7.4 Grain size Un le s s o ther wi s e agre e d at the ti me o f enqu i r y and order, the gra i n s i ze sh a l l b e le ft to the d i s c re tion o f the ma nu fac turer I f a fi ne grai n s tr uc tu re i s re qu i re d for c a s e -h arden i ng s te el s or s te el s and tempering, the special requirement in B.3 shall be ordered I f d i re c t harden i ng tre atment i s u s e d 7.5 for c a s e -h arden i ng s te el s , for quench i ng a fi ne gra i n s tr uc tu re s hou ld b e ordere d Internal soundness Where appropriate, requirements relating to the internal soundness of the products shall be agreed at B.4) the ti me o f enqu i r y a nd order (s e e © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) 7.6 Surface quality 7.6.1 applied All products shall have a smooth surface finish appropriate to the manufacturing processes Minor surface imperfections, which can occur under normal manufacturing conditions, such as prints originating from rolled-in scale, are not to be regarded as defects 7.6.2 7.6.3 Bars and wire rod are delivered with surface class 1za2 according to ISO 9443, unless otherwise agreed at the time o f enquiry and order It is more di fficult to detect and eliminate sur face discontinuities in coiled products than in cut lengths This should be taken into account when agreements on sur face quality are made I f suitability o f bars and rod for bright drawing is required, this shall be agreed at the time o f enquiry and order 7.6.4 7.6.5 The removal o f surface de fects by welding is not permitted If surface discontinuities are repaired, the method and maximum depth of removal shall be agreed at the time o f enquiry and order 7.7 Shape, dimensions, and tolerances The shape, dimensions, and tolerances o f the products shall comply with the requirements agreed at the time o f enquiry and order The agreements shall, as much as possible, be based on corresponding International Standards (see Annex D), or otherwise on suitable national standards Inspection 8.1 Testing procedures and types of documents Products complying with this part o f ISO 683 shall be ordered and delivered with one o f the inspection documents specified in ISO 10474 The type o f document shall be agreed upon at the time o f enquiry and order I f the order does not contain any specification o f this type, a test report 2.2 shall 8.1.1 be issued 8.1.2 I f, in accordance with the agreements made at the time o f enquiry and order, a test report 2.2 is to be provided, this shall cover the following information: a) confirmation that the material complies with the requirements o f the order; b) results o f the cast analysis o f the concerned cast for all elements specified in steel grade Table for the I f in accordance with the agreements in the order an inspection certificate 3.1 or 3.2 is to be provided, the specific inspections and tests described in 8.2, 8.3, and Clause shall be carried out and the results shall be confirmed in the inspection certificate 8.1.3 In addition, the inspection certificate shall cover the following: a) confirmation that the material complies with the requirements o f the order; b) results o f the cast analysis o f the concerned cast for all elements specified in steel grade; © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved Table for the ISO 683-4:2016(E) c) the result o f all inspections and tests ordered by supplementary requirements (see Annex B ); d) the symbol letters or numbers relating the inspection certificate, test pieces and products to each other 8.2 Frequency of testing The amount o f testing, the sampling conditions, and the test methods to be applied for the verification of compliance with the requirements shall be in accordance with the prescriptions of Table 8.3 Specific inspection and testing 8.3.1 Verification o f the hardness and mechanical properties The hardness requirements and/or mechanical properties given for the relevant treatment condition in Table , column 6, sub-column 6.2, shall be verified, with the following exception The requirements given in Table , footnote a (mechanical properties of reference test pieces), shall only be verified i f the supplementary requirement given in B.2, is ordered 8.3.2 Visual and dimensional inspection A su fficient number o f products shall be inspected to ensure compliance with the specification Test methods 9.1 Chemical analysis The choice o f a suitable physical or chemical analytical method for the analysis shall be at the discretion o f the manu facturer In cases o f dispute, the method for product analysis used shall be agreed taking into account the relevant existing International Standards The list o f available International Standards on chemical analysis is given in ISO/TR 9769 9.2 Hardness and mechanical tests 9.2.1 Hardness For products in the untreated condition, the hardness shall be measured in accordance with ISO 6506-1 9.2.2 Mechanical tests The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 6892-1 For the specified yield strength in the tables o f mechanical properties in this part o f ISO 683, the upper yield strength (ReH ) shall be determined I f a yield phenomenon is not present, the 0,2 % proo f strength (Rp0,2 ) shall be determined 9.3 Retests Retests for steels for quenching and tempering and criteria are specified in ISO 404 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) Table (continued) % mass fraction a Steel name C 15SMn13 17SMn20 Si Mn P 0,12 to 0,18 0,40 0,90 to 1,30 0,060 0,14 to 0,20 0,40 1,20 to 1,60 0,060 Steels for quenching and tempering 0,32 to 0,39 0,40 0,70 to 1,10 0,060 35S20 35SPb20 36SMn14 36SMnPb14 35SMn20 35SMnPb20 38SMn28 38SMnPb28 44SMn28 44SMnPb28 46S20 46SPb20 0,32 to 0,39 0,40 1,30 to 1,70 0,060 0,32 to 0,39 0,40 0,90 to 1,40 0,060 0,35 to 0,40 0,40 1,20 to 1,50 0,060 0,40 to 0,48 0,40 1,30 to 1,70 0,060 0,42 to 0,50 0,40 0,70 to 1,10 0,060 S 0,08 to 0,18 0,15 to 0,25 Pb — — 0,15 to 0,25 0,15 — to 0,35 — 0,10 to 0,18 0,15 to 0,35 0,15 to 0,25 0,15 — to 0,35 0,24 to 0,33 0,15 — to 0,35 0,24 to 0,33 0,15 — to 0,35 0,15 to 0,25 0,15 — to 0,35 NOTE Elements not quoted shall not be intentionally added to the steel without the agreement o f the purchaser, other than for the purpose o f finishing the heat All reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent the addition o f such elements from scrap or other materials used in manu facture which a ffect the mechanical properties and applicability However, i f agreed, the manu facturer can add elements such as Ca, Se, Te, etc for the purpose o f improving the machinability These elements have to be reported in the inspection document a Maximum values unless otherwise indicated b Since silicon has an adverse e ffect on machinability, it is not intentionally added to specified limits, but i f the formation o f special oxides is guaranteed, a Si-content o f 0,10 % to 0,40 % can be agreed c At the time o f enquiry and order, it can be agreed that either a grade with 0,06 % to 0,11 % P or a grade with max, 0,05 % P shall be delivered Table — Permissible deviations between the product analysis and the limiting values for the cast analysis Element C Si Mn P S Pb Permissible maximum content according to cast analysis Permissible deviations a % mass fraction ≤0,30 0,30 < C ≤ 0,50 ≤0,05 0,05 < Si ≤ 0,40 ≤1,00 1,00 < Mn ≤ 1,70 ≤0,06 0,06 < P ≤ 0,11 ≤0,33 0,33 < S ≤ 0,40 % mass fraction ≤0,35 −0,02 ±0,02 ±0,03 ±0,01 ±0,03 ±0,04 ±0,06 ±0,008 ±0,02 ±0,03 ±0,04 +0,03 a ± means that, in one cast, the deviation can occur over the upper value or under the lower value o f the specified range in this table, but not both at the same time © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) Table — Mechanical properties of free-cutting steels not intended for heat treatment Steel name b Diameter Hardness a mm HBW max 154 154 154 140 169 169 169 169 154 d ≤ 16 9S20 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 11SMn30 11SMnPb30 11SMn37 11SMnPb37 a b ≤ d ≤ 10 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 Untreated Tensile strength Rm MPa 330 to 520 330 to 520 320 to 520 310 to 470 380 to 570 380 to 570 380 to 570 370 to 570 360 to 520 In cases of dispute, the tensile strength values are the decisive factor I n th i s tab le , g rade s a l lo ye d wi th fu r ther e le me nts fo r b e tte r m ach i n ab i l i t y a re no t e x p l ic itl y me ntio ne d , b ut the me ch a n ic a l p ro p er tie s a re a l s o va l id fo r the m (s e e Table 2) Table — Mechanical properties of case-hardening free-cutting steels Steel name b Untreated Tensile strength Hardness a Diameter mm HBW max 156 156 156 156 146 181 178 178 172 160 181 178 178 172 160 ≤ d ≤ 10 10S20 10SPb20 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 ≤ d ≤ 10 15SMn13 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 ≤ d ≤ 10 17SMn20 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 a b Rm MPa 360 to 530 360 to 530 360 to 530 360 to 530 350 to 490 430 to 610 430 to 600 430 to 600 430 to 580 420 to 540 430 to 610 430 to 600 430 to 600 430 to 580 420 to 540 In cases of dispute, the tensile strength values are the decisive factor In th i s tab le , g rade s a l lo ye d wi th fu r ther e le ments fo r b e tter e x p l ic i tl y me ntio ne d , b ut the me ch a n ic a l p ro p e r tie s a re a l s o va l id © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved fo r m ach i n ab i l it y a re them (s e e Table 2) no t ISO 683-4:2016(E) Table — Mechanical properties of free-cutting steels for quenching and tempering Steel name b Diameter mm ≤ d ≤ 10 35S20 35SPb20 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 ≤ d ≤ 10 36SMn14 36SMnPb14 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 ≤ d ≤ 10 35SMn20 35SMnPb20 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 ≤ d ≤ 10 38SMn28 38SMnPb28 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 ≤ d ≤ 10 44SMn28 44SMnPb28 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 ≤ d ≤ 10 46S20 46SPb20 10 < d ≤ 16 16 < d ≤ 40 < d ≤ 63 < d ≤ 10 a b Untreated Tensile Hardness a strength HBW max 210 204 198 196 190 225 225 219 216 216 225 225 219 216 216 228 219 213 213 204 (266) (252) 241 231 228 234 228 222 213 207 Rm MPa 550 to 720 550 to 700 520 to 680 520 to 670 500 to 650 580 to 770 580 to 770 560 to 750 560 to 740 550 to 740 580 to 770 580 to 770 560 to 750 560 to 740 550 to 740 580 to 780 580 to 750 560 to 730 560 to 730 550 to 700 630 to 900 630 to 850 630 to 820 620 to 790 610 to 780 590 to 800 590 to 780 590 to 760 580 to 730 560 to 710 In cases of dispute, the tensile strength values are the decisive factor I n th i s tab le , g rade s a l lo ye d wi th fu r ther e le ments fo r mechanical properties are also valid for them (see Table 2) 10 Quenched and tempered Tensile properties Re MPa 430 430 380 320 320 480 460 420 400 360 — 420 365 335 — 480 460 420 400 380 520 480 420 410 400 490 490 430 370 370 Rm MPa 630 to 780 630 to 780 600 to 750 550 to 700 550 to 700 700 to 850 700 to 850 670 to 820 640 to 790 570 to 720 — 620 to 820 590 to 790 540 to 740 — 700 to 850 700 to 850 700 to 850 700 to 850 630 to 800 700 to 850 700 to 850 700 to 850 700 to 850 700 to 850 700 to 850 700 to 850 650 to 800 630 to 780 630 to 780 A % 15 15 16 17 17 14 14 15 16 17 — 14 16 17 — 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 12 12 13 14 14 b e tter m ach i n ab i l i ty a re no t e x p l ic i tl y me ntio ne d , b ut the © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) T a b l e — T e s t c o n d i t i o n s f o No v e r i Requirements f i c a t i o n o f c o m p l i a n c e w i t h t h e v a r i o u s r e q u i r e m e n t s Samplingb Test method Amount of testing Sample Tests products per per test sample unit product See tables Test unit a Chemical composition Hardness in the untreated condition (as rolled) Tables and Tables 4, 5, and C C+D 1 Mechanical properties of products in the untreated or quenched and tempered condition Tables 4, 5, and C+D +T 1c NO TE a r ( T he c a s t a n a l ys i s i s gi ven b y the m a nu fac tu rer; B.5) The hardness shall be measured, if possible, at the circumference of the product at a distance of × diameter from one end and, in cases of products with square or rectangular cross-section, at a distance of 0,25 × w (width of the product) from one longitudinal edge In cases of dispute, the tensile test is to be done The test pieces for the tensile test shall be taken in accordance with Figure a n a l ys i s , s e e fo r p ro duc t According to ISO 6506-1 The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 6892-1 on proportional test pieces having a gauge length of (S0 = area of the cross-section of the test piece.) L = , √S Ver i fic atio n o f the re qu i reme nts i s o n l y ne ce s s a r y i f a n i n s p e c tio n cer ti fic ate i s o rde re d T he te s ts s h a l l b e c a r r ie d o ut s ep a rate l y fo r e ach c a s t a s i nd ic ate d b y “C ”, e ach d i me n s io n a s i nd ic ate d b y “D ”, a nd e ach he at- tre atme nt b atch a s i nd ic ate d b y “T ” Products with different thicknesses can be grouped if the thicknesses lie in the same dimensional range for mechanical properties and if the differences in thickness not affect the properties In case of doubt, the thinnest and the thickest product shall be tested b The general conditions for selection and preparation of test samples and test pieces shall be in accordance with ISO 377 and ISO 14284 c I f the p ro duc ts a re co nti nuo u s l y he at tre ate d , o ne s a mp le p ro duc t s h a l l b e ta ke n least one sample product for each cast © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved fo r e ach t o r p a r t, the re o f, b ut at 11 ISO 683-4:2016(E) Table — Conditions for heat treatment of case-hardening free-cutting steels a Steel name e Carburizing temperature b °C 10S20 10SPb20 15SMn13 17SMn20 Corehardening temperature Casehardening temperature Quenching agent 830 to 870 880 to 920 780 to 820 Water, oil, emulsionc °C 880 to 980 Double hardening Direct and simple hardening temperature °C Temperingd °C °C 150 to 200 The temperatures given for carburizing, direct and simple hardening, core hardening, case hardening, and tempering a a re fo r g u id a nce; the ac tu a l temp eratu re s cho s e n s h a l l b e tho s e th at wi l l g i ve the p ro p er tie s re qu i re d The carburizing temperature will depend on the chemical composition of the steel, the mass of the product, and the carburizing medium If the steels are direct hardened, in general a temperature of 950 °C is not exceeded For special procedures, for example under vacuum, higher temperatures, for example 020 °C to 050 °C, are not unusual b c T he ki nd o f que nch i ng agent de p e nd s , of d e fu r n ace fo r e xa mp le , o n the s h ap e o f the p ro duc ts , the co o l i n g co nd itio n s a nd the qu a nti t y fi l l i n g Time for tempering as a guide: h minimum I n th i s tab le , g rade s a l lo ye d wi th fu r the r e le ments fo r treatment conditions are also valid for them (see Table 2) b e tter m ach i n ab i l it y a re no t e xp l ic i tl y mentio ne d , b ut the he at- Table — Conditions for heat treatment of free-cutting steels for quenching and temperinga Quenchingb Steel name d 35S20 35SPb20 36SMn14 36SMnPb14 35SMn20 35SMnPb20 38SMn28 38SMnPb28 44SMn28 44SMnPb28 46S20 46SPb20 Temperingc °C 860 to 890 Water or oil °C 540 to 680 850 to 880 Water or oil 540 to 680 840 to 870 Water or oil 540 to 680 Medium The temperature are for guidance, but the actual temperatures chosen shall be those that will give the properties required b Time for austenitizing as a guide: 0,5 h minimum c Time for tempering as a guide: h minimum a d In th i s tab le , g rade s a l lo ye d wi th fu r the r e leme nts fo r b e tter e x p l ic i tl y me ntio ne d , b ut the he at- tre atme nt co nd itio n s a re a l s o va l id 12 m ach i n ab i l it y fo r the m (s e e a re no t Table 2) © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) Dimensions in millimetres a a) Round and similar shaped sections a b) Rectangular and square sections Key a tensile test piece sample rough specimen test piece For small products (d or w ≤ mm) , the tes t p iece s hall, i f p o s s ib le, co ns is t o f an un- machined p art o f the b ar Figure — Location of the test pieces in bars and rods © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 13 ISO 683-4:2016(E) Annex A (normative) Ruling sections for mechanical properties A D e f i n i t i o n See 3.1 A.2 Determination of the diameter of the equivalent ruling section A.2.1 If the test pieces are taken from products with simple cross-sections and from positions with A.2.1.1 to A.2.1.3 quas i two - dimens io nal heat flo w, s hall ap p ly A.2.1.1 For rounds, the nominal diameter of the product (not comprising the machining allowance) shall be taken as the diameter of the ruling section A.2.1.2 For hexagons and octagons, the nominal distance between two opposite sides of the crosssection shall be taken as the diameter of the ruling section A.2.1.3 For square and rectangular bars, the diameter of the ruling section shall be determined in accordance with the example shown in Figure A.1 14 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO 683-4:2016(E) Dimensions in millimetres Y Key X width Y thickness diameter of the ruling cross-section EXAMPLE For a rectangular bar with a section of 40 mm × 60 mm, the diameter of the ruling section is 50 mm Figure A.1 — Diameter of the equivalent ruling section for square and rectangular sections for quenching in oil or water A.2.2 Fo r o ther p ro duct fo rms , the ruling s ectio n s hall b e agreed at the time o f enquiry and o rder NOTE For this purpose, the following procedure can serve as a guideline The product is hardened in accordance with usual practice It is then cut so that the hardness and structure at the position of the ruling s e c tion pro vide d fo r ta ki n g te s t pie ce s c a n b e de ter m i ne d From a no ther p ro duc t o f the typ e u nder co n s ideration a nd o f the s a me c a s t, a n end- quench pie ce i s ta ken fro m the pre s c rib e d p o s ition a nd te s te d i n the u s u a l way Then, the distance is determined at which the end-quench test piece shows the same hardness and structure as the ruling section at the position provided for taking test pieces On the basis of this distance, the diameter of the ruling section is then estimated using Figures A.2 and A.3 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 15 ISO 683-4:2016(E) Dimensions in millimetres Y Key X distance from the quenched end Y bar diameter surface 3/4 radius centre NOTE Source: Reference [10] Figure A.2 — Relationship between the cooling rates in end-quench test pieces (Jominy test pieces) and in quenched round bars in mildly agitated water Dimensions in millimetres Y Key X distance from the quenched end Y bar diameter surface 3/4 radius centre NOTE Source: Reference [10] Figure A.3 — Relationship between the cooling rates in end-quench test pieces (Jominy test pieces) and in quenched round bars in mildly agitated oil 16 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved