GIỚI THIỆU VỀ ESSAYS Giới thiệu chung Phần 2 của kỹ năng viết Vstep yêu cầu viết sản sinh – viết 1 bài luận có độ dài ít nhất 250 từ về 1 chủ đề cho sẵn, sử dụng lý do và ví dụ cụ thể để minh họa cho[.]
GIỚI THIỆU VỀ ESSAYS Giới thiệu chung - Phần kỹ viết Vstep yêu cầu viết sản sinh – viết luận có độ dài 250 từ chủ đề cho sẵn, sử dụng lý ví dụ cụ thể để minh họa cho lập luận - Thời gian: 40 phút - Bài viết luận chiếm 2/3 tổng số điểm thi viết Thang điểm chấm 20 điểm Trước viết, dành phút phân tích đề lên dàn ý chi tiết: - Đọc kỹ đề để xác định xem luận thuộc thể loại nào: opinion/ argumentative essays (bài luận trình bày quan điểm); advantages/disadvantages (bài luận ưu nhược điểm); cho quan điểm yêu cầu thảo luận quan điểm đưa quan điểm cá nhân problems-solutions (bài luận vấn đề giải pháp); causes-effects (bài luận nguyên nhân hệ quả) - Tìm ý: liệt kê ý nháp sau chọn lọc lấy 2-3 ý lớn, ý lớn dùng để viết câu chủ đề cho đoạn văn Các ý khác gộp lại làm câu hỗ trợ cho câu chủ đề làm ví dụ Bố cục luận: I Mở (3 câu) - Giới thiệu chung chủ đề: general statements (2-3 câu) - Câu thesis statement: (trả lời câu hỏi đề bài/ yêu cầu đề bài) (1 câu) II Thân (2-3 đoạn) Mỗi đoạn văn tiếng Anh phải có câu - Đưa lập luận giải yêu cầu đề Mỗi lập luận viết thành đoạn sử dụng lý ví dụ cụ thể để minh hoạ Nên viết từ 2-3 đoạn phần thân III Kết luận - Tóm tắt ý - Đưa nhận xét ý kiến cá nhân Some topics for V- STEP Essays Opinion essays- discussion essays – explanation essays - Some people think that children should begin to study a foreign language at an early age Others believe that children should spend most of their time playing What is your opinion? – Playing computer games gives children some skills that may not be taught at school Others are worried about the negative effects of computer games Discuss two sides of computer games – To solve traffic problems, Vietnamese government should tax private car owners heavily and use the money to improve public transportation What are the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution? Recent development in technology leads to the fact that humans are replaced by machines What are some problems caused by this trend and what are the solutions to this? – Some say that we have to think carefully before deciding to eat fast food for health problems Others think this kind of food is a good choice for those with a busy life Which opinion you agree with? – Levels of crimes among the young people are increasing rapidly in big cities What are the reasons for this? Suggest some solutions – What are the positive and negative impacts of playing computer games and what can be done to reduce the bad effects? - Some suggest that schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers Others disagree What you think? What are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets? – 10 In some countries, some young people use illegal drugs at an early age What are the causes, effects and solutions for this? 11 Some young people now like watching films with violence What are the problems and solutions for this trend? 12 Nowadays, many people are under stress What are the causes and effects of this? 13 In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students Do you think this is a good idea? 14 Some young children spend a lot of time practicing sports Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this 15 Do you think that using a computer every day can have more negative than positive effects on young children? - Three types of essay questions Opinion essays – hỏi quan điểm bạn vấn đề, đồng ý hay không đồng ý, đồng ý mức nào- a Đưa ý kiến cá nhân từ đoạn mở b Câu hỏi có dạng thông dụng sau Do you agree or disagree? What you think (of the statement)? What is your opinion about…? Which of the views you agree with? “Should” starting questions? Should children be educated at home? Discussion essays thảo luận ưu nhược điểm vấn đề, cho quan điểm, thảo luận quan điểm nói Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of … ? What are the benefits (ưu điểm) and drawbacks (nhược điểm)? Discuss both views and give your personal opinion Discuss the negative aspects and positive aspects of …… Ý kiến cá nhân đặt đoạn kết luận Explanation essays Problems (vấn đề)- solutions (giải pháp)/ Causes (lý do)-effects (hệ quả) đề yêu cầu viết mặt (nguyên nhân hệ quả) kèm giải pháp OPINION ESSAYS 1.INTRODUCTION- OPINION 2.BODY (2-3 PARAGRAPHS) 2.1 BODY 2.2 BODY 3.CONCLUSION Some suggest that schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers Others disagree What you think? OPINION ESSAY I THINK THAT schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers CÁCH VIẾT ĐOẠN MỞ BÀI (3-4 câu) A General statements (câu chung để giới thiệu chủ đề viết) 2-3 câu Có thể viết lại đề phải paraphrase (sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa viết lại sử dụng cấu trúc khác) thay đổi vài từ đừng copy y nguyên câu đề B Thesis statement: câu nêu ý luận, câu trả lời câu hỏi nêu đề Some say that schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers Others disagree What you think? A- OPINION IN INTRODUCTION Should/ Shouldn’t STUDENTS SHOULD COMMENT ON THEIR TEACHERS TO ADVISE/ ADVICE Students are teachers advised to comment on their SUBJECT + (BE- IS/ ARE/ AM) ADVISED TO +V (Students are supposed to comment on their teachers Students are expected to comment on their teachers.) S+ (BE- IS/ ARE/AM) + ADVISED/ SUPPOSED/ EXPECTED+ TO V It is a good their teachers idea for students to comment on It is good for… (It is beneficial for … It is a good practice for …) Commenting on teachers is good for students Commenting on teachers is A good IDEA for students Some suggest that schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers Others disagree What you think? A- OPINION IN INTRODUCTION People hold different about the fact that comment on teachers opinions students Or: People hold different opinions about students commenting on their teacher Some think that students are not ADVISED to so OTHER PEOPLE, however, suggest that it is a good idea for students to comment on their teachers I find the second/ first view much better for the following reasons On balance, MY OPINION IS THAT this practice is both good and bad for the following reasons + More practice 1.Should children learn a new foreign language soon? 2.In some countries, teenagers have jobs when they are still at school What you think People hold different opinions about children learning a foreign language Some think that children are not advised to so Other people, however, suggest that it is a good idea for children to study/ get exposed to a new/different language I find the second view much better for the following reasons 2 People teenagers hold having different jobs opinions Some think about that teenagers are not ADVISED to so when they are school Others, however, SUGGEST that it is a good idea for students to get jobs + I find the second/ first view much better for the following reasons + On balance, MY OPINION IS THAT this practice is both good and bad for the following reasons I Introduction People hold different opinions about N/ NP// Ving/ Wh Some think that (vế có xu hướng khơng đồng ý ) Others, however, suggest that (vế có xu hướng đồng ý ) - I find the second/ first view much better for the following reasons - On balance, my opinion is that II Body: Paragraph 1: AT THE BEGINNING, it is clear that ( câu chủ đề 1/ lý thứ ) To be more detailed, thêm đến 3-4 câu để chứng minh Paragraph In addition to the first view, WE CAN SEE THAT (câu chủ đề 2/ lý thứ 2) To make this view much clearer, one good reason for this might be that + thêm đến 3-4 câu để chứng minh Conclusion All in all, it is my opinion that + Khẳng định lại ý kiến cách viết lại câu cuối phần mở This can be explained by the fact that +- Tổng kết lại ý nói phần Thân ... disadvantages of keeping pets? – 10 In some countries, some young people use illegal drugs at an early age What are the causes, effects and solutions for this? 11 Some young people now like watching... trend? 12 Nowadays, many people are under stress What are the causes and effects of this? 13 In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students Do you think this is a good idea? 14 ... đề yêu cầu viết mặt (nguyên nhân hệ quả) kèm giải pháp OPINION ESSAYS 1. INTRODUCTION- OPINION 2.BODY (2-3 PARAGRAPHS) 2 .1 BODY 2.2 BODY 3.CONCLUSION Some suggest that schools should ask their