Lesson 1 Updated (1).Docx

GIỚI THIỆU VỀ ESSAYS Giới thiệu chung Phần 2 của kỹ năng viết Vstep yêu cầu viết sản sinh – viết 1 bài luận có độ dài ít nhất 250 từ về 1 chủ đề cho sẵn, sử dụng lý do và ví dụ cụ thể để minh họa cho[.]

GIỚI THIỆU VỀ ESSAYS Giới thiệu chung - Phần kỹ viết Vstep yêu cầu viết sản sinh – viết luận có độ dài 250 từ chủ đề cho sẵn, sử dụng lý ví dụ cụ thể để minh họa cho lập luận - Thời gian: 40 phút - Bài viết luận chiếm 2/3 tổng số điểm thi viết Thang điểm chấm 20 điểm Trước viết, dành phút phân tích đề lên dàn ý chi tiết: - Đọc kỹ đề để xác định xem luận thuộc thể loại nào: opinion/ argumentative essays (bài luận trình bày quan điểm); advantages/disadvantages (bài luận ưu nhược điểm); cho quan điểm yêu cầu thảo luận quan điểm đưa quan điểm cá nhân problems-solutions (bài luận vấn đề giải pháp); causes-effects (bài luận nguyên nhân hệ quả) - Tìm ý: liệt kê ý nháp sau chọn lọc lấy 2-3 ý lớn, ý lớn dùng để viết câu chủ đề cho đoạn văn Các ý khác gộp lại làm câu hỗ trợ cho câu chủ đề làm ví dụ Bố cục luận: I Mở (3 câu) - Giới thiệu chung chủ đề: general statements (2-3 câu) - Câu thesis statement: (trả lời câu hỏi đề bài/ yêu cầu đề bài) (1 câu) II Thân (2-3 đoạn) Mỗi đoạn văn tiếng Anh phải có câu - Đưa lập luận giải yêu cầu đề Mỗi lập luận viết thành đoạn sử dụng lý ví dụ cụ thể để minh hoạ Nên viết từ 2-3 đoạn phần thân III Kết luận - Tóm tắt ý - Đưa nhận xét ý kiến cá nhân Some topics for V- STEP Essays: Opinion essays/ Discuss essays/ EXPLANATION ESSAYS Some people think that children should begin to study a foreign language at an early age Others believe that children should spend most of their time playing What is your opinion? – OPINION Playing computer games give children some skills that may not be taught at school Others are worried about the negative effects of computer games Discuss two sides of computer games – DISCUSS To solve traffic problems, Vietnamese government should tax private car owners heavily and use the money to improve public transportation What are the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution? - DISCUSS Recent development in technology leads to the fact that humans are replaced by machines What are some problems caused by this trend and what are the solutions to this? – EXPLANATION Some say that we have to think carefully before deciding to eat fast food for health problems Others think this kind of food is a good choice for those with a busy life Which opinion you agree with? – OPINION ESSAY Levels of crimes among the young people are increasing rapidly in big cities What are the reasons for this? Suggest some solutions – EXPLANATION What are the positive and negative impacts of playing computer games and what can be done to reduce the bad effects? - EXPLANATION Some suggest that schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers Others disagree What you think? OPINION ESSAY What are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets? – DISCUSS 10 In some countries, some young people use illegal drugs at an early age What are the causes, effects and solutions for this? 11 Some young people now like watching films with violence What are the problems and solutions for this trend? EXPLANATION 12 Nowadays, many people are under stress What are the causes and effects of this? EXPLANATION 13 In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students Do you think this is a good idea? OPINION 14 Some young children spend a lot of time practicing sports Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this DISCUSS 15 Do you think that using a computer every day can have more negative than positive effects on young children? OPINION Three types of essay questions 1.Opinion essays – hỏi quan điểm bạn vấn đề, đồng ý hay không đồng ý, đồng ý mức YOUR OPINION IN INTRODUCTION- Opinion essays a It asks directly for the writer’s personal opinion – b It usually has the following forms  Do you agree or disagree?  What you think (of the statement)?  What is your opinion about…?  Which of the views you agree with?  “Should” starting questions? Should children be educated at home?  Discuss the extent which you agree or disagree with the given statement? 2.Discussion essays (D essays) thảo luận ưu nhược điểm vấn đề, cho quan điểm, thảo luận quan điểm nói - Ví dụ: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of … ? What are the benefits (ưu điểm) and drawbacks (nhược điểm)? Discuss both views and give your personal opinion Hãy thảo luận quan điểm nói đưa quan điểm em Discuss the negative aspects and positive aspects of …… YOUR OPINION IN CONCLUSION Explanation essays Problems (vấn đề)- solutions (giải pháp)/ Causes (lý do)-effects (hệ quả) (vấn đề giải pháp, lý do, hệ quả) đề yêu cầu viết mặt (nguyên nhân hệ quả) kèm giải pháp YOUR OPINION IN CONCLUSION Ví dụ: - What are some of the problems? - What solutions can you suggest for solving the problems? - Problem and solution essays - Cause and effect essays - (Mixed essays) OPINION ESSAYS 1.INTRODUCTION- OPINION 2.BODY 2.1 BODY 2.2 BODY 3.CONCLUSION Some suggest that schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers Others disagree What you think? OPINION ESSAY I CÁCH VIẾT ĐOẠN MỞ BÀI (3-4 câu) I THINK THAT schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers A General statements (câu chung để giới thiệu chủ đề viết) 2-3 câu Có thể viết lại đề phải paraphrase (sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa viết lại sử dụng cấu trúc khác) thay đổi vài từ đừng copy y nguyên câu đề B Thesis statement: câu nêu ý luận, câu trả lời câu hỏi nêu đề Ví dụ số đoạn mở mẫu Some people believe that TV programs are of no real value (ko có giá trị) for children How far you agree or disagree? Topic: watching TV Opinion/view: watching TV is not good for children These days, watching TV is a very popular (leisure activity) Some people say that it is no use watching TV for children I completely/totally disagree with the statement because of the following reasons Some say that schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers Others disagree What you think? A- OPINION IN INTRODUCTION Should/ Shouldn’t Students should comment on their teachers A/ THE STUDENT SHOULD COMMENT ON THEIR TEACHERS ADVISE/ ADVICE Students are ( NOT) advised to comment on their teachers (Students are supposed to comment on their teachers Students are expected to comment on their teachers ) S+ (BE- IS/ ARE/AM)+ ADVISED/ SUPPOSED/ EXPECTED+ TO V It is a good idea for students to comment on their teachers It is good for… (It is beneficial for … It is a good practice for …) Commenting on teachers is a good idea for students Commenting on teachers is good for students Some suggest that schools should ask their students to comment on their teachers Others disagree What you think? A- OPINION IN INTRODUCTION (People hold different opinions about the fact that students comment on their teachers.) People hold different opinions about students commenting on their teacher Some think that students are not ADVISED to so OTHER PEOPLE, however, suggest that it is a good idea for students to comment on/ ASSESS their teachers + I find the second/ first view much better for the following reasons + On balance, MY OPINION IS THAT this practice is both good and bad for the following reasons In some countries, teenagers have jobs when they are still at school What you think? People hold different opinions about teenagers having jobs Some think that teenagers are not ADVISED to so when they are school Others, however, SUGGEST that getting jobs is a good idea for teenagers + I find the second/ first view much better for the following reasons + In the final analysis, I am of the opinion that this practice is both good and bad for the following reasons Argumentative essays- opinion in Introduction I Introduction People hold different opinions about N/ NP// Ving/ Wh Some think that (disagreement) OTHER PEOPLE, however, SUGGEST that (agreement) - I find the second/ first view MUCH BETTER for the following reasons - ON BALANCE, I am of the opinion that… II Body: Paragraph 1: AT THE BEGINNING, it is clear that (topic sentence 1) To be more detailed, more sentences Paragraph In addition to the first view, WE CAN SEE THAT (topic sentence 2) To make this view much clearer, one good reason for this might be that + more sentences III Conclusion All in all, it is my opinion that + (restate your opinion)- Khẳng định lại ý kiến cách viết lại câu cuối câu phần mở This can be explained by the fact that + (summarize main points) - Tổng kết lại ý nói phần Thân  ... disadvantages of keeping pets? – DISCUSS 10 In some countries, some young people use illegal drugs at an early age What are the causes, effects and solutions for this? 11 Some young people now like watching... problems and solutions for this trend? EXPLANATION 12 Nowadays, many people are under stress What are the causes and effects of this? EXPLANATION 13 In some countries, teenagers have jobs while... you think this is a good idea? OPINION 14 Some young children spend a lot of time practicing sports Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this DISCUSS 15 Do you think that using a computer