hvac water chillers and cooling towers

[...]... owner and his operating and maintenance staff, the architect, and the mechanical contractor with definitive and practical information and guidance relative to the application, design, purchase, operation, and maintenance of water chillers and cooling towers The first half of the book discusses water chillers and the second half addresses cooling towers Each of these two topics is treated in separate sections,... Finally, Operations and Maintenance (Part III) takes water chillers and cooling towers from commissioning through routine maintenance Chapters on purchasing equipment include guidelines and recommended specifications for procurement This is not an academic textbook, but a book designed to be useful on a dayto-day basis and provide answers about water chiller and cooling tower use, application, and problems... 109 v vi Contents COOLING TOWERS Part IV Fundamentals 9 Cooling Tower Fundamentals 10 Cooling Tower Components 115 129 Part V Design and Application 11 12 13 14 Tower Configuration and Application Cooling Tower Controls Condenser Water Treatment Special Tower Considerations 147 179 191 212 Part VI Operation and Maintenance 15 16 17 Cooling Tower Operation and Maintenance Buying a Cooling Tower In-Situ... refrigerant For water- cooled chillers, the condenser is a second shell -and- tube heat exchanger with refrigerant in the shell and condenser water in the tubes Condenser water is typically supplied at 70 – 858F and the flow rate is selected for a 10 –158F range A cooling tower is typically utilized to provide condenser water cooling, but other cool water sources such as wells, ponds, and so on, can be... requiring higher condenser water flow rates and larger cooling towers and condenser water pumps 9 Finally, an indirect-fired absorption chiller will be at least 50% more expensive to purchase than the equivalent electric-drive chiller Directfired absorption chillers will cost almost twice as much as an electric machine, and have the added costs associated with providing combustion air and venting (stack) Refrigeration... increased water temperature The chilled water temperature leaving the cooling coil (chilled water return) will be 8– 168F warmer than the entering water temperature 8 Chapter 1 (chilled water supply) at design load This temperature difference (range ) establishes the flow requirement via the relationship shown in Eq 1.1 F chw ¼ Q=ð500 £ RangeÞ ð1:1Þ where Fchw ¼ chilled water flow rate (gpm), Q ¼ total cooling. .. moisture content is called latent cooling The sum of the two represents the total cooling load imposed by a building space on the chilled water cooling coil The required temperature of the supply air is dictated by two factors: 1 The desired space temperature and humidity setpoint and 2 The sensible heat ratio (SHR) defined by dividing the sensible cooling load by the total cooling load Refrigeration Machines... dictated by the imposed cooling load and the selected temperature range The larger the range, the lower the flow rate and, thus, the less energy consumed for transport of chilled water through the system However, if the range is too large, chilled water coils and other heat exchangers in the system require increased heat transfer surface and, in some cases, the ability to satisfy latent cooling loads is reduced... design and troubleshooting guidelines, and reference data are provided Herbert W Stanford III Contents Preface iii WATER CHILLERS Part 1 Fundamentals 1 2 Refrigeration Machines Chiller Configurations 1 24 Part II Design and Application 3 4 5 6 Chilled Water System Elements Chiller Controls Thermal Storage Special Chiller Considerations 45 62 71 86 Part III Operation and Maintenance 7 8 Chiller Operation and. .. 858F condenser water supplied from the cooling tower, condensing temperatures are reduced to 94 –988F, reducing the lift required of the compressor and significantly improving the chiller COP compared to air-cooled machines Table 1.5 illustrates the relative efficiency and operating cost for the various types of electric-drive chillers with both air- and water- cooled condensing 1.4 ABSORPTION CHILLERS Approximately . design, purchase, operation, and maintenance of water chillers and cooling towers. The first half of the book discusses water chill ers and the second half addresses cooling towers. Each of these two. Vincent Wong 156. HVAC Water Chillers and Cooling Towers- Fundamentals, Application, and Operation, Herbert W. Stanford III Additional Volumes in Preparation Handbook of Turbomachinery .