[...]... Contents Physicochemical Treatment Processes for Water Reuse Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran, Huu Hao Ngo, Durgananda Singh Chaudhary, and Yung-Tse Hung 635 1 Introduction 635 2 Conventional Physicochemical Treatment Processes 636 2.1 Principle 636 2.2 Application of the Physicochemical Processes in Wastewater Treatment and Reuse 651 3 Membrane Processes. .. 2.4 Optimal Dose 682 3 Dewatering Processes 684 3.1 Dewatering Processes 684 3.2 Sludge Thickening 685 3.3 Sludge Dewatering 687 4 Stabilization Processes 691 4.1 Hydrolysis Processes 691 4.2 Digestion Processes 695 5 Thermal Processes 699 5.1 Sludge Incineration... usually placed after the coarse (bar) screens From: Handbook of Environmental Engineering, Volume 3: Physicochemical Treatment Processes Edited by: L K Wang, Y.-T Hung, and N K Shammas © The Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ 1 2 Frank Deluise et al Fig 1 Location of screens and comminutors in a wastewater treatment plant 2 TYPES OF SCREENS 2.1 Coarse Screens Screens may be classified as coarse or fine Coarse... Processes 658 3.1 Principle 658 3.2 Application of Membrane Processes 661 References 675 17 Introduction to Sludge Treatment Duu-Jong Lee, Joo-Hwa Tay, Yung-Tse Hung, and Pin Jing He 677 1 The Origin of Sludge 677 2 Conditioning Processes 678 2.1 Coagulation 678 2.2 Flocculation ... operation of the treatment facilities As discussed in previous sections, screens used in water and wastewater treatment facilities or in pumping stations are generally classified as fine screens or bar screens Fine screens are those with openings of less than 0.25 in These screens have been used as a substitute for sedimentation tanks to remove suspended solids prior to biological treatment However,... 231 2 Theory and Principles 233 2.1 Stoichiometry of Oxidation–Reduction Processes 234 2.2 Thermodynamics of Chemical Oxidation 236 2.3 Kinetic Aspects of Chemical Oxidation 240 3 Oxygenated Reagent Systems 243 3.1 Aeration in Water Purification and Waste Treatment 243 3.2 Hydrogen Peroxide and Peroxygen Reagents 246 3.3 High-Temperature... 256 4.1 Chromic Acid Oxidation 256 4.2 Permanganate Oxidation 258 5 Recent Developments in Chemical Oxidation 261 5.1 Ozone (O3) Processes 261 5.2 Ultraviolet (UV) Processes 262 5.3 Wet Oxidation 263 Contents xiii 5.4 Supercritical Water Oxidation 264 5.5 Biological Oxidation 264... Significance of Sedimentation in Water and Wastewater Treatment 380 2 Types of Clarification 380 3 Theory of Sedimentation 381 3.1 Class 1 Clarification 382 3.2 Class 2 Clarification 386 3.3 Zone Settling 387 3.4 Compression Settling 390 4 Sedimentation Tanks in Water Treatment 390 4.1 General Consideration... SPECIFICATIONS AND EXPERIENCE ENGINEERING DESIGN DESIGN EXAMPLES NOMENCLATURE REFERENCES 1 FUNCTION OF SCREENS AND COMMINUTORS In order for water and wastewater treatment plants to operate effectively, it is necessary to remove or reduce early in the treatment process large suspended solid material that might interfere with operations or damage equipment Removal of solids may be accomplished through the... Dissolved Air Flotation Lawrence K Wang, Edward M Fahey, and Zucheng Wu 431 1 Introduction 431 1.1 Adsorptive Bubble Separation Processes 431 1.2 Content and Objectives 434 2 Historical Development of Clarification Processes 435 2.1 Conventional Sedimentation Clarifiers 435 2.2 Innovative Flotation Clarifiers 437 3 Dissolved .