THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
BLOOD
TRANSFUSION IN
CLINICAL PRACTICE
Edited by Puneet Kaur Kochhar
Blood Transfusion in Clinical Practice
Edited by Puneet Kaur Kochhar
Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Copyright © 2012 InTech
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Notice
Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors
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accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no
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Publishing Process Manager Sandra Bakic
Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic
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First published March, 2012
Printed in Croatia
A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechopen.com.
Blood Transfusion in Clinical Practice, Edited by Puneet Kaur Kochhar
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-0343-1
Contents
Preface IX
Part 1 ABO in the Context Blood Transfusion 1
Chapter 1 ABO in the Context of Blood Transfusion and Beyond 3
Emili Cid, Sandra de la Fuente,
Miyako Yamamoto and Fumiichiro Yamamoto
Part 2 Blood Transfusion in Medicine and Surgery 23
Chapter 2 Blood Transfusion Therapy in
High Risk Surgical Patients 25
João Manoel Silva Junior and Alberto Mendonça P. Ferreira
Chapter 3 Blood Transfusion Practices in
Major Orthopaedic Surgery 35
Saqeb B. Mirza, Sukhmeet S. Panesar and
Douglas G. Dunlop
Chapter 4 Transfusion Reduction in Orthopedic Surgery 61
Ruud H.G.P. van Erve and Alexander C. Wiekenkamp
Chapter 5 Scope of Blood Transfusion in Obstetrics 83
Subhayu Bandyopadhyay
Chapter 6 Uterine Atony: Management Strategies 97
Pei Shan Lim, Mohamad Nasir Shafiee,
Nirmala Chandralega Kampan, Aqmar Suraya Sulaiman,
Nur Azurah Abdul Ghani, NorAzlin Mohamed Ismail,
Choon Yee Lee, Mohd Hashim Omar and
Muhammad Abdul Jamil Mohammad Yassin
Chapter 7 Effects of Blood Transfusion
on Retinopathy of Prematurity 129
Ebrahim Mikaniki, Mohammad Mikaniki and
Amir Hosein Shirzadian
VI Contents
Part 3 Preventing Transfusion Transmitted Infections 141
Chapter 8 Transfusion-Transmitted
Bacterial, Viral and Protozoal Infections 143
Pankaj Abrol and Harbans Lal
Chapter 9 Implicating the Need for
Serological Testing of Borna Disease Virus and
Dengue Virus During Blood Transfusion 155
S. Gowri Sankar and A. Alwin Prem Anand
Chapter 10 Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses (HTLV) 175
Marina Lobato Martins,
Rafaela Gomes Andrade, Bernardo Hinkelmann Nédir
and Edel Figueiredo Barbosa-Stancioli
Part 4 Alternative Strategies to
Allogenic Blood Transfusion 189
Chapter 11 Bloodless Medicine and Surgery 191
Nathaniel I. Usoro
Chapter 12 Autotransfusion: Therapeutic
Principles, Efficacy and Risks 205
A.W.M.M. Koopman-van Gemert
Chapter 13 Impact of Acute Normovolemic
Hemodilution in Organ and Cell Structure 223
D.A. Otsuki, D.T. Fantoni and J.O.C. Auler Junior
Chapter 14 Cryopreservation of Blood 233
Miloš Bohoněk
Part 5 Immunomodulatory
Effects of Blood Transfusion 243
Chapter 15 Effect of Blood Transfusion
on Subsequent Organ Transplantation 245
Puneet K. Kochhar, Pranay Ghosh and Rupinder Singh Kochhar
Chapter 16 Posthepatic Manipulative Blood Extraction
with Blood Transfusion Alleviates Liver
Transplant Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and
Its Induced Lung Injury 255
Changku Jia
Preface
Blood transfusions form an integral part of clinical (medical and surgical) practice
worldwide. The first well-documented blood transfusion experiment was carried out
by the physician Richard Lower (who transfused blood from the cervical artery of a
dog into the jugular vein of another dog) in 1667 in Oxford. The earliest experiments of
transfusions in human beings were reported from Paris in the same year. Since then,
there has been considerable progress in blood transfusion science. Over a century ago,
studies of Karl Landsteiner (who described the ABO blood group system), formed the
basis of modern hematology. Subsequently, over 250 red cell antigens have been
discovered. Despite all this sophisticated knowledge, many aspects of transfusion
science still remain an enigma.
Over the last few decades, the knowledge of this immensely complicated blood
transfusion science has grown tremendously, and transfusion science has become
an increasingly important domain. Simultaneously, we have seen a significant
increase in publications, reviews, and textbooks covering scientific knowledge in
the subject.
In the recent years, the advanced developments in technology have provided a vast
range of sophisticated specialist services (both diagnostic and therapeutic) in modern
blood banks. Thus, transfusion medicine has now become a specialist area,
encompassing other important fields of medicine such as hematology, immunology,
microbiology, etc.
This book is not an exhaustive textbook on the subject of blood transfusion; instead it
discusses various aspects of transfusion medicine in clinical practice (including role of
ABO blood group system, transfusion practices in various systemic surgeries such as
orthopedics, cardiac surgery, obstetrics, etc., and alternatives available to reduce
allogenic blood transfusions, brief discussion of transfusion related infections and
lastly the role of transfusion in immunomodulation) in different chapters. Thus, this
book is an endeavor to provide the readers a comprehensive text on the subject of
transfusion medicine in clinical practice.
X Preface
I am thankful to my colleagues who have contributed to this book and to the
publishing process manager, Ms. Irena Voric, who has worked for the compilation of
this book with utmost dedication.
Dr. Puneet Kaur Kochhar
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi,
India
. BLOOD TRANSFUSION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE Edited by Puneet Kaur Kochhar Blood Transfusion in Clinical Practice Edited by Puneet Kaur Kochhar Published by InTech. online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechopen.com. Blood Transfusion in Clinical Practice, Edited by Puneet Kaur. 1062 coding nucleotides, and only 4 of them resulting in amino acid substitutions (Arginine, Glycine, Leucine and Glycine in A transferase and Glycine, Serine, Methionine and Alanine for B
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