-
'^^m
Cam nhanveminhtriet
va minhtrietViet
DO
LAITHUY
T
he gidi hien nay
dang sdng van hoa
hau hien dai. Trong
khi cho'ng lai cac dai
tir
sir,
nhai la
chii
truang thay the ly
thuyet he thdng, ca'u tnic bang
ly thuyet mang ludi hay
tlidn
re,
thi viec ho hao phuc hung
minh triei, nhu la
cai ddi
lap
vdi triei hpc, cung la
d^
hieu,
vi
diSu
do, vo tlnh hay huu y,
nam trong chie'n lupc chung
ciia
hau hien dai. Viet Nam la
mpt dai nudc
chii
yeu con d
tinh trang tien hien dai, con
dang cong nghiep hda,
liieii
dgi
lida,
nen u'ng xir vdi hau
hien dai noi chung vaminh
triei noi rieng khong the gidng
nhu ling xir
ciia
mpt nudc da
trai qua hien dai va gid day
dang ddi mat vdi hau hien dai.
Bdi the, mpt mat chung ta cap
nhat vdi cac trao luu
ciia
the
gidi,
de biei
ngifdi
(rdi mdi)
biei
miiili
(1),
mat khac phai y
thiic dugc
dp
chenh
giiJa
ta va
the gidi,
de
co su nhan biei
thuc
sir,
tranh thai dp v6 vap
thai qua cung nhu
sir
quy kei
chdi bd.
Viet Nam la mpt dai nudc,
theo Tran Qudc Vuong, nong
dan, nong nghiep, nong thon,
nhai la nhirng cai nong ay lai
deu la tieu nong, nen rai
chudng thuc te, tham chf trd
thanh thuc
dung,
chua co su
phat trien
ciia
y thiic ca nhan,
6c duy ly va tu duy tu bien.
Bdi the, no khong co ton giao
ban dia, noi gi den ton giao
ldn, va, do do, khong co triei
hpc.
Cac tdn giao ngoai nhu
Phat giao, Nho giao, Lao giao,
Kito giao, cung nhu cac hpc
thuyet triei hpc khac nhau,
mpt khi nhap canh vao Viet
Nam, thi phan triei ly, duy
niem, hinh nhi thupng ft
nhi6u
dSu
bi giu lai d cira khaiu, di
qua dugc chi la phan thuc
hanh, nghi thiic, duy thuc,
hinh nhi ha. Bdi the, tai ca cac
cu, khong trir mot
ai,
Thich
Ca, Khdng Tir, Lao Tir,
les
us,
Marx deu nhanh chong bi
tiiili
tlidn Idng
.xd
bien thanh
cac vi than bao trp, ban phiic
giang hpa. Con cac hpc thuyet
triei hpc thi cung sdm roi vao
tinh trang chua chin
dd
ndu.
Cau noi day
true
giac
ciia
Vu
Trpng Phung, toi nghi, khong
phai la khong co hat nhan hop
ly: "Dai Co Viet ta la
cai
dai
can cdi, nhung ly thuyet va tu
tudng a dau dau, tdt dep the
nao mac long, cung
cii
den
day la thdi nat"(2).
Viet Nam ta, do khong co
sir
phat trien triei hoc nhu vay,
86
310
Thang 4-2010
-PIIM
PAN
VAN
HhA NinHF
TH'
'AT
lai cang khong noi de'n su phat trien da thanh
mpt he thdng qua duy iy, chat che de'n
mirc
khong thd dugc, nen chua co nhu cau thuc su.
ben trong trd ve hay di
de'n
minh
triei
nhu d
phuang Tay Con phong trao trd
ve
vdi minh
triet, nhai la minh triei Viet, hien nay, tuy
khdng phai la nhu cau
gia,
nhung, theo toi.
chii
yeu xuai phat
tir
sir
phan
iing,
biic
xuc nao do
vdi nhiing ly thuyet ndu do nguoi
biing
trdng
khdng mat tay. hay no khong hgp thiiy thd, hay
CO
su ion song muc dfch - phuang tien. Bdi the,
thay vi
phii
nhan triei hpc noi chung de thay the
no bang minh triei, Viet Nam can
phai
di bang
hai chan: vira ve vdi minh triei nhu mpt cai gi
do quen thupc,
ciia
ta,
vira
tim
hie'u
ngn
triei
hpc the gidi
de
tie'n tdi xay dung lay mot triei
hpc cho ta. Dl bang mpt chan,
tire
chuyen
tir
sir
me sang ly thuyet nay sang su me sang ly
thuyet khac, thi khong the di ldu va, quan trpng
hon, di xa dugc, va, xet cho ciing, thi khap
khieng cung khong phai la minh triei.
Hon nira, minh triei Viet, nhin tir thuc chai,
chil ye'u la minh triei ddn gian (indigenous
mind),
//;//;/(
triei thitc tien (ddi lap vdi minh
triei ly thuyei theo khai niem
ciia
Aristote)(3).
Minh triei gdn lien vdi kinh nghiem, diing hon
chi'nh la kinh nghiem, nen no cung gan vdi
chii
the
ciia
kinh nghiem do. Ngudi tieu nong Viet,
ma ngudi Viet Nam nao, lai vin theo Tran Qudc
Vugng, lai cha mang mpt cdn
tiiili
nong ddn,
dii
CO
phat trien den dau thi
xkn
la
iigitdi
tieu ky
(thuat ngu
ciia
Tran Dinh Hugu), nen the gidi
kinh nghiem
ciia
hp phan ldn la ngheo nan, han
hep,
tfnh phd quat khdng cao, nhai la hien nay,
khi chiing ta budc
\'ao
the
gioi
cong nghiep va
hau cong nghiep thi didu ay cang lp ro. Cho nen
thir
iniiili
triei trong ddi
.sdng
thudng ngdy nay
thudng chi
the
hien d chd biei "suy tfnh nhung
gi
la tdt, la thiei thuc cho minh de co dugc
mpt cupc sdng tdt" (dinh nghia minh triei thuc
tien
ciia
Aristote, ddn theo Hoang Ngpc Hieii).
Nhung,
diSu
quan trpng la nhung quan niem
"tdt", "thiei thuc", "cupc sdng tdt" lai bi quy
dinh bdi tinh
tiSu
ndng va tinh than lang xa.
Con, cu the hon, mudn noi "cupc sdng tdt"
ciia
minh triei Viet la "sdng tir te", "sdng hdn hoi"
thi lieu chiing ta. do doi hoi
ciia
trang thai nhan
the hom nay va nhu cau ly thuyet hoa, cd "gan
nghia" cho no khong. Minh triet, phan nao
cflng gidng nhu vo thirc, mpt khi da dugc/ bi ly
thuyet hoa, thi no khdng con la minh triei nu'a?
Phan
niinli
triei hdc hoc trong minh triei
Viet
lai
chil ye'u nit ra ttr triei ly cua cac ton
giao ldn du nhap vao Viet Nam va co phdn nao
dupc ban dia hoa. Triei ly phuang Dong, theo
Kim Dinh, mang nhu'ng dac diem
ciia
tu duy
minh triei. bdi no tdn tai nhu la
nhung
ldi giao
huan dudi dang vdn tdt kieu cham ngon, ldi noi
con gdn
lidn
vdi nhan than ngudi noi, tham chf
ldi noi (vo ngon) chinh Id nhan
each
ngudi noi,
mpt khi anh ta trd thanh tam guang. Nhu vay.
muc tieu
ciia
triei Dong la xiem duong chdn ly
qua con dudng thd nghiem,
true
giac,
chii
khong phai la tri thitc qua con dudng phan tfch,
phe phan nhu triei
Tay.
Minh triei bac hpc Viet,
vi the. la mpt tap hpp nhu'ng
cau
chdm ngon
thien ve dao ly. dao
diic,
each
iing
xir da tach
rdi khdi he thdng xuat than
ciia
no de cho ngudi
Viet tu do didn giai va tu do van dung. Khi no
phii
hgp vdi kinh nghiem
ciia
ngudi Viet, dugc
kinh nghiem dd lap day, thi nd sdng. Con khi no
trai
vdi kinh nghiem thuc tidn, thi no trd thanh
khdu hidu, ldi noi sudng: no chdi, hoac. diing
hem.
no sdng cai ddi sdng ky hidu
ciia
no de
phuc \'u mpt quyen
lire
nao do. Minh triei bac
hpc Viet, nhu vay, la da bj dan gian hoa.
Viet Nam hidn nay tut hgu ve ca kinh td',
trinh dp xa hpi ldn tu tudng.
Nhutig
nudc di sau
thudng rai
\'ao
hai trudng hgp: 1) neu hi dpng,
hoac
tir
bit mdt minh, khong nhdn ro dugc minh
hidn nay dang d ddu trong tien trinh
ciia
the
gidi.
thi rdi dd co nguy ca trd thanh
bai
thai
cdng nghd vd thiing rac tu tudng, va, do do,
khoang
each
vdi
the'gidi
se ngay cang ndi rpng,
tham chl khong bao gidi dudi kip, ddn dan se
trd thanh mpt khiic rupt thiia; 2) ndu
chii
dpng
va tinh tao thi se nit kinh nghiem dugc tir nhu'ng
sa say
ciia
ngudi di trudc, tidi kidm dugc mo hdi
nudc mdt, thdm chf xuang mau, tranh dugc
nhu:ng ludng song du luc tir nhflng con tau di
truoc,
tim ra cay gay rut dudng (chir khong phai
di tdt ddn ddu, hoac chd
sir
Ion
lai lay duoi lam
S6
310
Thang
4-2010
VAN
Pg
- SL/
Klt^N
dau nhu tro choi rdng rdn
ciia
tre con) de thu
dan khoang
each
voi
the'gidi.
Viet Nam hidn nay, d
linh
vuc chung ta
dang ban toi, toi nghi,' mpt mat phai
vu^a
phat
trien triet hpc
vira
phat huy minh triei, mac
dii
dieu nay rat kho khan, con lay minh tridi thay
cho tridi hpc thi qua dd dang bdi le chung ta
con chua co tridi hpc, mat khac phai
xay
dung
mpt xa hpi cong ddn, co trinh dp xa hpi hoa va
ca nhan hoa cao, co dan
chii
tham gia (chir
khong chi la dan
chii
dai dien) va dan
chii
vi ca
nhan (chii; khong phai dan
chii
dam dong, dan
chil vi cpng ddng), de lam moi trudng (4) phat
huy minh triei,
de
minh tridi khong trd thanh
nhimg ldi ma mj, suong
a
Ha
Npi,
9-2009
D.L.T
1.
Truoc day, chung ta da qua quen vai loi tu duy biei
iiiiiili
biei ngudi.
ngi clii'i ngogi
klidcli.
Dong
ligc
vi
tlie.
Tay
ligc
vi dung Gib day, co le, trong mot
the
giai lien
lap.
hen
chil the. cac pham
trii
khach quan,
chii
quan deu
da bi thay the bing cac pham
trii
khach - chu quan,
chii
-
khach quan, thl cung nen "doi moi tu duy". Boi neu chi
lay cai toi lam thuoc do. ma cai toi ay lai day han che.
tham chi khuyet tat,
"mpt
minh
minh
noi, mot minhminh
nghe" nhu vay, thi
liim .sao
do ndi the gioi.
2.
Vu Trong Phung. Truyen ngdn. Hpi nha van,
1996,
tr.327,
dim theo Hoang Ngpc Hien,
3.
Thirc ra, thuat ngft
ininli
triet ly
tluiyct ciia
Aristote,
theo loi, la kha mau thuan vi khi noi den ly thuyet minh
triet thl no dii la
triet
hpc
rOi,
Boi, minh trie't tu no la
khong
CO
ly thuyet, no chi
lii
kinh nghiem, con khi dii
niing ten thiinh ly thuye't, hoac liiy mpt ly thuyet niio do
de
soi
rpi
no thi no dii khong con
lit
no r6i!
4.
Hoiing
Ngpc Hien co not: "Mpt hien tirang quan
trpng trong doi song tinh thiin
ciia
nhan loai lit nhiing gi
khong duac nguoi ta nho de'n thl dan dan
.se bifi'n
mii't. Xa
hpi khong quan tam de'n
"sir
tir te",
"sir
hin hoi" thl dan
dan nhung ngiroi han hoi, tit
tesi;
bien mail; ngupc lai,
.xa
hpi con nho de'n nhirng phiim hanh nay, thi nhung nguoi
han hoi, tit
tese
xua't hien
khiip
nai". Toi cho ring khong
phiii
iigliT
de'n.
nliff
den. ma phai xiiy dung dupc mot co
die .xd
Iwi nhu the nao do de nhung nguoi
h;m
hoi. tir
t'e
dirpc ton trpng, co
quyiin lpi phii
hpp, thi nguoi
hiin
hoi lir
tc moi ton tai duac
vii
sau do ngiiy ciing dong
diio.
HdlNGH!LANTHl]ri2
BCHTir DANG KHOA
X
T
ir 22
d^n
28-3-2010, tai Ha Npi,
BCHTIJ
Dang khoa X da hpp
Hoi
nghi
Ifin thii
12 de thao luan nhieu van dd
quan trpng chuan bi cho Dai hpi dai bidu toan
qudc ldn thu: XI cua Dang.
BCHTU
da xem xet loan van du thao
Cuang dnh
.xdy
ditng ddt nifdc trong thdi ky
qua do ten chu nglua xd hdi, trong do tap
trung thao luan cdc van dd: dac trung cita xa
hpi xa hpi
chii
nghla; muc tidu tdng quat khi
kdi thtic thai ky qua dp; cdc phuang huong co
ban; vi trf, vai tro
ciia
cac thanh phdn kinh te
trong thdi ky qua dp ldn chu nghia xa hpi
BCHTLT
da xem xet toan dien du thao
Cliieii lugc phdt trien kinh te xd hoi
201J-
2020, tap trung thao luan, xac dinh muc tidu
ciia
chidn lupc; cdc quan diem phat trien vd
khdu dot pha; dinh hudng va cac giai phap
phat tridn
BCHTU
da thao luan, co ban tan thanh
dir
thao Bdo cdo chinh tri. ddng thdi dong gop
mpt sd y kie'n de tid'p tuc hoan thien
dii
thao,
tap
trung
vao mpt sd van de ldn: ve tidu de
cita Bao cdo chfnh tri va
miic
tidu tdng quat
cita nhiem ky Dai hpi
XI;
danh gia tdng quat
tinh
hinh;,muc
tidu phat trien nhanh vd ben
vung; nhung ydu td dam bao giu' vung dinh
hudng xa hpi chit nghia cita ndn kinh te; 6
nhiem vu trpng tdm
ciia
nhiem ky Dai hpi
XI
BCHTH
da thao luan, cho y kien veBao
cao tdng kei thi hanh Dieu
Id
Dang khoa X;
de xuat bd sung, sira ddi Dieu
Id
Dang; bdo
cao vd phuang hudng cong tac nhan
sir
BCHTU khoa
XI;
ve sd lugng dai bieu va
phan bd dai bidu cac dang bp
true
thupc trung
uong du Dai hpi dai bieu toan qudc ldn
thii XI
ciia
Dang.,,
J
PV
Sd310
Thang 4-2010
. cung khong phai la minh triei. Hon nira, minh triei Viet, nhin tir thuc chai, chil ye'u la minh triei ddn gian (indigenous mind), //;//;/( triei thitc tien (ddi lap vdi minh triei ly thuyei. toi lam thuoc do. ma cai toi ay lai day han che. tham chi khuyet tat, "mpt minh minh noi, mot minh minh nghe" nhu vay, thi liim .sao do ndi the gioi. 2. Vu Trong Phung. Truyen. nghia" cho no khong. Minh triet, phan nao cflng gidng nhu vo thirc, mpt khi da dugc/ bi ly thuyet hoa, thi no khdng con la minh triei nu'a? Phan niinli triei hdc hoc trong minh triei Viet