1. Trang chủ
  2. » Luận Văn - Báo Cáo

Báo cáo khoa học:Cống hiến to lớn của chủ tịch Hồ Chí MInh về độc lập dân tộc và chủ nghĩa xã hội doc

10 956 1

Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)

THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU

Thông tin cơ bản

Định dạng
Số trang 10
Dung lượng 391,65 KB

Nội dung

NgUdi da hanh ddng khdng met mdi trong sudt cube ddi, vdi nghj Idc phi thddng, vUdt qua mpi gian nan thd thach, vdi niem tin khdng gl thay ddi vao xu the phat trien cua lieh sd, nha^t la

Trang 1

CONG HIEN TO LON CUA CHU TjCH HO CHI MINH

V!6 BOc LAP DAN T O C VA C H U N G H I A XA H O I

PGS TS T6 Huy RiJa*

Chu tich Ho Chi Minh ia sU ket tinh nhu'ng gi tot dep, du tu nha't cua tri tue va tU tudng, tinh cam va dao ddc, nhan each va loi song cua con ngu'di va dan toe Viet Nam Ngu'di tieu bieu cho cdt each va ban linh cQa dan toe, cho ban sic van hda cua dan toe Viet Nam td truyen thdng de'n hien dai

Chu tich Ho c h i M i n h dpe dien van l<hai mac Dai hoi dai bieu tean quo'c lan thuf 3 cua Dang (thang 9 nam 1960)

Anil: TU lieu

1- Ho Chi IVllnh, nha tuTti^cfng

mac-xit sang tao

Dd la Cdn ngddi Viet

Nam dep nha't, gian dj va

vT dai, hien than eua nhdng

gia trj van hda ehan - thien

- my khdng nhdng eua dan

tpc Viet Nam ma cdn thupc

ve nhan loai

Uy v i e n Bp C h i n h tri, Bi t h u Tmng

ifong Dang, TnJdng Ban Tuyen giap

T n j n g uong, Chu tich Hpi dpng Ly

luan T m n g UPng

Khi da tlm tha'y con dddng each mang va nhan thdc ddpe chan ly eua thdi dai each mang nhd giac ngd chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin, vdi

sd cd vu cua Cach mang Thang Mddi Nga (1917), Nguyen Ai Qudc - Hd Chf Minh da ddn tat ea nd Idc

va tinh Idc cua ddi minh de thdc hien den cung ly tUdng

va muc tieu each mang: dbc lap dan tpc va ehu nghTa xa

hdi, ddc lap dan tdc gan lien vdi ehu nghTa xa hdi

Bdi the, sU nghiep ma

Hd Chl Minh theo dudi va hien dang khdng ehi la giai phdng dan tpc ma cdn phat trien dan tpc Viet Nam, thdc hien chu nghTa xa hpi

va chu nghTa cpng san bang each mang vd san do dpi tien phong eua giai cap cdng nhan la Dang Cpng san lanh dao

t P CHI THONG TIH OOI NGOtlSO TS

2010

Trang 2

I HI/6NG DAN CHi DAO

T d mdt ngddi yeu nddc,

ngddi e h i e n sT da'u tranh

cho dpe lap, t d do cua d a n

tdc Viet N a m , Nguydn A i

Q u d c - H o Chf M i n h t r d

t h a n h mdt ngddi cpng san,

vdi lap trddng kien d j n h

eua ehu nghTa M a c -

Le-nin Ngddi y thdc sau sac

rang, each m a n g V i e t N a m

la mpt bd p h a n cua each

m a n g the g i d i , dau tranh

v l ddc lap, t d d o , hanh

phue eua nhan d a n va dan

tdc Viet N a m cung d d n g

thdi gdp p h i n vao phong

trao each m a n g the g i d i ,

vao ebng cude giai phdng

cac dan tdc bj ap bde T d

tudng giai p h d n g dan tpc

cua NgUdi khdng e h i rpi

sang eon dddng da'u tranh

cua d a n tdc Viet N a m ma

cdn cd anh hudng to Idn va

sau sac tdi cupc da'u tranh

giai p h b n g cua eac dan toe

bj ap bde d cac nude thupc

dja va phu thudc bdi chu

nghTa de qud'e, chu nghTa

thdc dan trong the ky 2 0

Trong hoat ddng thUc tien

each m a n g , H d Chf M i n h

khdng chl tranh da'u eho

d a n toe m i n h ma edn tranh

da'u cho t d do va cbng ly, v l

quyen sdng, quyen t d do,

m d u eau h a n h p h u e , v l

p h a m gia eon ngddi eua

cac dan toe tren toan the

g i d i Ngddi la hien than va

bieu tddng can dep cua chu

nghTa yeu nUdc va ehu

nghTa qudc te chan c h f n h

V I le d d , H d Chf M i n h

khdng ehl la lanh tu cua

d a n tdc Viet N a m ma edn

la ngUdi ban Idn, than thiet

eua nhan dan cac dan tpc tren the gidi T d tddng va sd nghiep cua NgUdi ed sdc c d

vu va anh hUdng dac biet sau sac ddi vdi eae dan tdc

bj ap bde dang da'u tranh ehd'ng ehu nghTa de qudc

va ehu nghTa thdc d a n v l doc lap t d d o , vl hda b i n h , dan chu va t i e n bd xa h d i The gidi tdn v i n h NgUdi

la anh hung giai phbng d a n tdc va d a n h nhan van hda kiet xua't eua Viet N a m Sinh t h d i , NgUdi da tdng ndi vdi d d n g bao m i n h :

"Tdi chl cd mpt sd h a m mud'n, ham mudn tdt bac,

la lam sao cho nddc ta dddc hoan toan ddc lap, d a n ta dupe hoan toan tU do, d d n g bao ai eung ed cdm an ao

m a c , ai e u n g dUdc h p c

hanh" eo cupc song am

no, tu do, hanh phuc, dUde hudng quyen tU do dan ehu

ma hp xdng dang ddpe hudng vdi td each ngddi chu va lam chu xa hpi Dd thdc sU la hoai bao, la khat vpng manh Net, the hien mdt td tudng Idn, mpt ly tddng nhan dao cao quy cua NgUdi NgUdi da hanh ddng khdng met mdi trong sudt cube ddi, vdi nghj Idc phi thddng, vUdt qua mpi gian nan thd thach, vdi niem tin khdng gl thay ddi vao xu the phat trien cua lieh sd, nha^t la tin vao sdc manh vo tan cua quan chung dudi sd lanh dao cua Dang Cdng san trong sU nghiep da'u tranh each mang, bien tU tUdng, ly

tudng thanh hien thdc Ngudi cung tdng ndi rd,

"Idng thddng yeu eua tdi dd'i vdi nhan dan va nhan loai khdng bao gid thay ddi"- Khi td biet the gidi nay, trong ban Di ehuc Ijch sd, NgUdi de lai mudn van tinh than yeu cho ta't ca ddng bao, ddng chf trong nUdc; gdi Idi chao than ai den eac ddng chf, bau ban va nhan dan d khap mpi ndi tren trai da^t Tinh cam dd lam xue ddng mudn trieu ta'm Idng

Ho Chf Minh la nha td tddng mac-xft kien djnh va day ban iTnh sang tao Trong lao ddng, hpc tap va tranh da'u, NgUdi da tham djnh ly luan bang thdc tien,

td thUe tien ma phat trien ly luan, dat de'n sU nhuan nhuydn gida ly luan va thUe tidn trpng tU tUdng de bien

tu tddng thanh phddng phap, thd'ng nha't hdu cd gida tu tudng vdi phddng phap, gida nhan thdc vdi hanh dpng, tao nen ban ITnh sang tao va phong each dae sac cua minh NgUdi da tdng nghien edu

va khao duyet nhieu hpc thuyet de rdi nhan ra, chl

ed ehu nghTa Mae, chu nghTa Le-nin va chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin la chan chfnh nha't, each mang nha't, thiet thUe va triet de nha't NgUdi quye't djnh tin then chu nghTa dd, Ida chpn chu nghTa dd trong hanh trang

sd nghiep cua minh Chuan

bj ve mat tu tudng, ly luan, chfnh trj va td chdc cho sU

T I P CHI IHONG TIN OOI NGOtlSO

2010

Trang 3

Hl/dfNG DAN CHI DAO i

ra ddi Dang Cdng san d

Viet Nam, Ngudi da khang

djnh rang, phai gid ehu

nghTa cho vdng Dang phai

cd chd nghTa lam cdt de soi

dudng, gidng nhu con tau di

bien phai ed ban chf nam

Mdt trong nhdng diem

dae sac quy gia d Ho Chf

Minh la NgUdi tin ehu

nghTa Mac - Le-nin nhUng

tin va hanh ddng mdt each

sang tao chd khdng giao

dieu Ngddi ludn dat ehu

nghTa Mac - Le-nin trong

tinh hoa tU tUdng cua thdi

dai, trong van hda nhan

loai Ngddi xa la vdi mpi

bieu hien biet phai, giap

dieu, chat hep va cUc doan

NgUdi can dan can bd dang

vien va mpi ngUdi ehung ta,

nam vdng nhdng nguyen ly

ed ban cua chu nghTa Mac

- Le-nin, thau thai nhdng tri

thdc dp thi phai nam lay

tinh t h i n va phddng phap

cua chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin

de dng xd vdi cun ngddi va

cdng viec chp dung Phai

sang tap chd khdng sap

chep, may mdc Dd khdng

chl la khoa hpc va each

mang ma cdn la dao ddc,

sau xa la van hba, la nhdng

gia trj nhan van chu nghTa

d t l m thdi dai, d tinh hoa

van hda nhan loai ddpe the

hien trpng hpc thuye't cua

cac bae thay kinh dien Mae

- Le-nin Rd rang, trong

chieu sau tu tudng Hd Chf

M i n h , cb mdt chu nghTa

nhan van Ho Chf Minh can

phai dddc nhan thdc va van

dung sang tao ma mdi

Hpi thap khpa hpc qupc te vdi chu de "Di san Hp Chi Minh trpng thdi dai ngay nay" dp Hpc vien Chinh tri - Hanh chinh Quoc gia HP Chi Minh

tochiJc, ngay 12-13/5/2010

Anti: PV

chung ta dang theo dudi hien nay

Nghien cdu di san td tddng va sd nghiep eua Ngddi trong boat ddng thUe tien, ehung ta nhan tha^y nha tu tudng mac-xft sang tao Ho Chf Minh, nha nhan van ehu nghTa vT dai Hd Chf Minh chfnh la mdt mau mUe eua ngUdi epng san hien dai, ngudi cpng san cd hpc thdc va trf tue hien dai, nhd dd cd niem tin khoa hpe sau sac va triet de dd'i vdi chu nghTa xa hdi va chu nghTa cdng san, vUdn tdi

t l m cad td tddng cua thdi dai Can bd mau thjt vdi Td qud'e, dan tpc va nhan dan minh, thau hieu va thau cam cude sd'ng eua nhan dan, so phan cua dan tpc, d

Ho Chf M i n h , Idng yeu nude thuong dan cd cdi ngudn td truyen thdng da trd thanh lUc day manh Met

nha't de NgUdi tie'p nhan nhdng td tUdng Idn, tien tien cua thdi dai va di tdi chu nghTa xa hdi, chu nghTa cdng san Dac diem nay trpng hanh trlnh td tddng

Ho Chf Minh gdi ra rat nhieu dieu cho cac the he nhdng ngddi each mang do Ngddi khai tam, khai sang, giao dge va ren luyen Ld-gfc tu tudng va Ijch sd boat dpng each mang Hd Chf Minh dudi anh sang cua ehu nghTa Mac - Le-nin, eua Cach mang Thang Mddi va thdi dai mdi da chp tha'y, trong thdi dai ngay nay, yeu nUde thddng dan ta't ye'u dan den sU lUa chpn con dUdng phat trien

xa hdi chu nghTa va epng san ehu nghTa Ngddi cbng san cang the hien dung dan ban chat giai cap edng nhan bao nhieu cang nang Idng gan bd va trung thanh

U P CNI TNONG TIN DOI HGOtlSO IS

Trang 4

I Hl/dfNG DAN CHi DAO

vdi n h a n dan va dan tdc

m i n h bay n h i e u , bdi ban

chat va sdc m a n h cua giai

c a p cdng nhan dddc nudi

d u d n g va phat trien t d trpng

ngpn ngudn truyen thd'ng

yeu nUde cua d a n tdc m i n h ,

giai cap d trong Idng d a n

tpc va khi giai cap edng

nhan t i e p thu dUde c h a n ly

cua thdi dai se dda dan tdc

m i n h tdi chu nghTa xa hpi

va chu nghTa cdng san N h d

dd, y thdc va t i n h c a m dan

tpc c h a n c h f n b se bat gap

va hda quyen vdi chu nghTa

qudc te chan e h i n h

N h d n g giae ngp ly luan

eung vdi nhdng trai n g h i e m

thdc tien trong da'u tranh

each m a n g da h i n h t h a n h d

H o Chf M i n h , vdi t d each

nha td tddng va nha boat

d d n g each m a n g , n h d n g

p h a t kie'n I d n , c d a n h

hddng trdc t i e p va quyet

d j n h tdi chieu hUdng phat

trien eua each m a n g nUde

ta D d la ddc lap dan tdc

gan lien vdi chu nghTa xa

hpi - quy luat phat trien eua

each m a n g Viet N a m Q u y

luat d d da chT ra eon dddng

phat trien eua dan tpc ta

trong thdi hien dai la qua

d p bd qua che dp tU ban

ehu nghTa, t i e n t d i ehu

nghTa xa hdi sau khi da

hoan t h a n h each m a n g giai

p h d n g dan tdc D i e u kien

de thdc hien t h a n g ldi qua

t r l n h each m a n g db la ket

hdp sdc m a n h dan tdc vdi

sde m a n h t h d i d a i , va trddc

bet phai cd mpt d a n g each

m a n g , dpi t i e n phong cua

giai cap cdng n h a n , eua

d a n tpc lanh dao, mpt dang each m a n g kieu m d i lay chu nghTa M a c - Le-nin lam nen tang tU tUdng va k i m ehl nam h a n h d d n g Cach

m a n g k h d n g p h a i la sd

nghiep chi rieng nhdng ngddi cdng san thdc hien

ma la sd nghiep cua nhan dan, cua ca dan tpc, dp dd, phai coi doan ket, dai doan ket toan dan tdc la mdt tU tddng chie'n lUdc, mpt dddng ldi chien Idpc cua each mang Viet Nam, gan lien doan ket toan dan tdc vdi doan ke't qudc te, lay doan ket trong Dang lam ndng cdt va hat nhan Mdt ket luan quan trpng dUpc

Hd Chf Minh rut ra va nang len tam chie'n lUde, thanh mpt triet ly nhan sinh va hanh ddng, dd la, mudn xay dUng thanh cdng ehu nghTa xa hdi thi phai danh bai chu nghTa ca nhan

Theo Id-gfc dd Dang phai thdc sd la mdt td chdc each mang tien tien, cd td chdc chat che, cd ky luat td giac

va nghiem minh, la Dang chien da'u va hanh ddng vl dan Dang la dao ddc va van minh Gddng mau khdng ehl la mpt pham chat ma edn la phddng phap lanh dao td't nha^t, cd sdc thuyet phgc nhan dan tdt nha^t cua Dang Ly luan

va phUdng phap ay d tam tu tddng dd chi phdi phddng cham dng xd va hanh ddng

Ho Chf Minh, ndi ft lam nhieu, ldi ndi phai di ddi vdi viec lam, cd ly ed tinh

kien quye't chdng chu nghTa

ca nhan nhdng lai rat mUc quan tam va tdn trpng tdng

ea nhan, biet cham IP thdc hien nhdng Ipi feh va nhu

e l u hdp ly, chfnh dang cua tdng ngddi, tdng ehu the nhan each

Tu tudng Hd Chf Minh, qua nhdng trlnh bay tren day la mdt he thdng chat che ve Id-gfc va tha'm nhuIn sau sac quan diem thUe t i i n , quan diem phat trien, la td tUdng each tan, hien dai va thddng xuyen ddi mdi Dd khbng ehi la dddng Idi chfnh trj ehien Idde ma edn la dao ddc va van hda

Ngddi khdng ch? dda

dan toe minh td nd le tdi tU

do ma cdn lam cho dan tpc Viet Nam yeu quy cua NgUdi ddng van hang ngu cac dan tdc tien phong trong thdi dai mdi

2- Sang tao noi bat ciia Ho Chi Minh ve doc lap dan toe va chu nghe xa hpi

Cd the ndi, ddc lap dan tpc gan lien vdi chu nghTa

xa hpi dupc cdi la sdi ehl

dd, xuyen subt trong he thd'ng tu tudng Ho Chi Minh Hinh thanh tU tUdng nay de djnh hUdng nd, thanh quan diem va dddng ldi chfnh trj dd'i vdi Hd Chf Minh la ca mpt qua trlnh Ngddi vda hpe tap va nghien edu ly luan, vda tham gia eac phong trao da'u tranh chfnh trj eua

T t P CHi IHONG TIN OOI HGOtlSO

2010

Trang 5

Hl/GfNG DAN CHI DAO i

c d n g n h a n va lao ddng d

n h d n g ndi ma NgUdi da d i

qua, da true t i e p lan ldn va

trai n g h i e m sudt ma'y t h a p

ky trong cude hanh t r l n h

t l m dudng cdu nUdc, cdu

dan Bang eon dUdng lao

d d n g , NgUdi lam du m p i

nghe, d i qua nhieu m i e n

da't khac nhau, lai nhieu

nam d A n h va d Phap, t h a m

gia eae sinh boat cua c d n g

n h a n , t h d t h u y e n , d ngay

trung t a m cua ehu nghTa tU

ban va ehu nghTa thUe d a n ,

NgUdi cd dieu kien quan sat

trdc tiep tha'y c a n h sd'ng

cua nhdng ngddi lao d p n g

dddi ach ap bde, bde Ipt tan

bap cua t d ban d c h f n h

qudc ddi vdi eae dan tdc

thudc dja va phg thupc

ThUe tidn nay rat quan

trpng ddi vdi nhan thdc cua

NgUdi ve ban chat cua c h u

nghTa tU ban va thUc d a n

eung nhu hinh thanh d

Ngddi tinh hdu ai giai ea^p

dd'i vdi nhdng ngddi eung

khd; du m l u da, tieng ndi

khac nhau nhUng hp deu cd

chung mpt canh ngd, mpt

than phan nd le, do dd

eung cd chung ke thd, cung

cd khat vpng giai phdng de

gianh lay quyen sd'ng trong

ddc lap, td dp

Trong qua trlnh tlm

dddng cdu nUdc, cdu dan va

djnh hudng dddng Idi chfnh

trj giai phdng dan tdc,

Nguydn Ai Quo'c - Hd Chf

Minh khdng chi boat ddng

d chau Au, d cac nUde

phUdng Tay ma NgUdi cbn

boat dpng d phUdng Dbng,

chau A, tlm hieu thUc t i i n cac phong trao da'u tranh d Trung Qud'e va Thai-Ian

Dd la nhdng ed lieu gidp chp Ngddi SP sanh, phan tfch, tlm ra nhdng diem tddng ddng va khac biet trong cae ket ca'u kinh

te - xa hdi, eac mau thuan giai cap va dan tdc d nhdng khu vUc dja - chfnh trj tieu bieu, ndi dien ra nhdng phan hda va mau thuan giai cap, dan tdc rat khac nhau gida phUdng Tay

va phUdng Ddng, gida chau

Au tu ban chu nghTa vdi chau A dang edn tdn tai rat nhieu tan tfch phong kien

va dang la dd'i tddng khai thac, nd djch eua ehu nghTa thUe dan

Md'i quan tam dae biet ndi bat cua NgUdi la tinh hinh Ddng DUdng, dac biet

la Viet Nam khi dd mat dpe lap chu quyin va dang bi ehu nghTa thdc dan de nen, thd'ng trj

Do dd, dd'i vdi Nguyen

Ai Qud'e - Hd Chf Minh, viec nghien cdu, khao sat the gidi ben ngoai, khu vdc

va qudc te, trddc het nham hddng tdi giai phdng va phat trien dan tpc minh, dat each mang Viet Nam trong phpng trao each mang the gidi, sao eho phu hdp vdi trao luu, xu the chung cua thdi dai

Vay sang tao va cd'ng hien ljch sd cua Ho Chf Minh ve tU tUdng dpe lap dan tpc va chu nghTa xa

hdi la nhdng gl? Cd the ndi tdi nhdng diem ndi bat sau day:

Mot, nhan thdc sang tao ve chij nghTa Mac va chu nghia Mac - Le-nin

Nghien cdu cae tac pham ly luan cua Mac, NgUdi nhan tha'y mdt trong nhdng du diem dae sac nha't eua Mae va chu nghTa Mac la phep bien chdng TrUdc het, dd la phep bien chdng eua phat trien xa bpi, la khoa hpe va each mang cua sU phat trien, xda

bd trat td xa hdi eu bat edng

va tan bao, hUdng tdi xay ddng trat tU xa hpi mdi, dan chu, cdng bang va nhan dao, xdng dang nha't vdi con ngddi Dd la chu nghTa edng san Ngddi cung dac biet de eao hpe thuyet each mang cua Le-nin, ca trf tue khpa hpe, tfnh triet de each mang va ca dao ddc, nhan each eua ngUdi sang lap ra hpc thuyet Dang kieu mdi, lanh dao thanh edng eudc each mang vT dai nhat trpng Ijch sd d the ky 20, bie'n ehu nghTa xa hpi td mdt hpe thuye't ly luan thanh hien thUe, thanh mdt che dp xa hpi mdi

Nhd da ndi d tren, nha

td tddng mac-xft sang tap

H P Chf Minh da nhln nhan ehu nghTa Mac, chu nghTa epng san mpt each khoa hpc va tham nhuan quan diem thUe tien, quan diem Ijch sd - cu the Ngddi nhan rd, ehu nghTa Mac la ke't tinh tinh hoa trf tue va

U P CHi THONG TIN OOI NGOtlSO 2010 IS

Trang 6

I Hl/dfNG DAN CHi DAO

t u t u d n g cua t h d i d a i , eua

v a n hda n h a n loai Song,

N g d d i c u n g dat ra m p t v a n

de he't sdc n g h i e m tuc eua

n h a n t h d c khoa hpc Thep

d a n h gia cua NgUdi: " M a c

da x a y d d n g hpe thuye't

cua m i n h tren mpt triet ly

nha't d j n h cua l j c h s d ,

n h d n g Ijch sd nap? Ljch sd

chau A u M a chau A u la

gl? D d chda p h a i la toan

the n h a n l o a i " ^

NgUdi dat van de ve sU

can thiet phai van d u n g

quan d i e m va phUPng p h a p

duy vat bien chdng cua chu

nghTa M a c de xem xet sU

khae nhau c d ban gida ke't

ca'u kinh te va ket ca'u xa

hdi - giai cap gida phUdng

T a y v d i p h d d n g D d n g

NgUdi cung neu rd, m a i

day, khi chu nghTa t d ban

phUdng Tay lam thay ddi

phUdng D d n g thi da'u tranh

giai cap ed t r d nen quye't

Net khdng? va NgUdi khang

d j n h , dai the la ed, neu xet

gUdng cua N h a t Ban NgUdi

cdn giai t h f c h rang, that ra

la c d , v l sd Tay phUdng hda

ngay cang tang va ta't ye'u

eua p h d d n g D d n g - ndi

each khae, chu nghTa M a c

se cdn d u n g ca d d d

Neu phan hda giai cap

da trd nen rd ret va dd'i

khang giai cap t d sd phan

hda ay la sau sac va gay gat

(tu san va vb san) d phUdng

Tay trong nen san xua't tU

ban chu nghTa thi d phddng

D d n g va V i e t N a m lai

khdng han la n h d vay CJ

day, ndi bat len mau thuan

gida dan tdc Viet N a m vdi chu nghTa tU b a n , chu nghTa thdc dan xam Idpc va be Id tay sai ban nUdc va d d la mau t h u i n chd yeu Do d d ,

d phddng D d n g , trong d d cd Viet N a m dac trdng ndi bat

va nhu c l u ca'p thie't, d d la giai p h d n g d a n ' t p c , la giai quye't mau thuan gida d a n tdc vdi chu nghTa tU b a n , ehu nghTa thUc dan x a m lupc de gianh ddc lap, xda

bd t i n h trang thudc dja va phg thude dddi ach dd h d ,

t h d n g trj cua thdc d a n

D d la ly do giai t h f c h v l sao, Ngddi chu trUPng dpan ket ta't ca cac giai c a p trong dan tpc de tao ra sdc m a n h giai p h d n g Trong khi t i n tddng chac ehan rang, ly luan eua chu nghTa M a e la

dung dan khdng chi d phuong Tay ma cdn d phddng Ddng, Ngddi edn

cd dd bao d i y man cam rang, chu nghTa cpng san thfch dng de hdn chfnh trong thdc tien phUdng Ddng, chau A va Viet Nam Mdt trong nhdng cd

sd luan chdng cho gia thuye't dd la sdc manh doan ket dan tpc, truyen thd'ng cpng ddng da td ra ra't g i n gui vdi ban cha't cua chu nghTa cpng san

Nhdng luan diem neu tren dUpe Nguyin Ai Qud'e ndi rd vao nam 1924, khi NgUdi da la mdt ngddi epng san, hpat dpng trong Dang Cdng san Phap, trong ban nghien edu chfnh sach thupc dja cua Dang, du

tha'y tu chat va ban iTnh sang tao cua ngUdi edng san tre tudi vdi sdc bdt pha cua

tu duy va tU tUdng vddt trddc thdi dai nhd the nao Sau nay, NgUdi cdn cd nhiiu luan diem sang tao khac ddi vdi viec nhan thdc ban chat khoa hpc va each mang cua ehu nghTa Mac -Le-nin Cd the neu mdt vai

VI dg tieu bieu NgUdi nhln nhan chu nghTa Mae - Le-nin trong ddng ehay cua sU tien hda tU tUdng, biet thau thai ta't ca nhdng gl tie'n bd, du tu, tinh hoa eua

tu tudng va van hda nhan loai de vda hieu rd sd 4Dhong phd cua tU tUdng, van hda nhan loai, vda thay

sd phat trien nhay vpt cua nhdng tU tUdng mac-xft vd'n khdng tach rdi, khdng d ben ngoai ma d trong tdng

sd va tdng hpp eua toan bd nhdng gia trj tinh hoa dd Chang the ma, Ngddi cd the tin theo Mac - Le-nin nhung v i n het sde tran trpng tu tudng td bi, bac ai cua dao Phat, khoan dung van hda cao ca eua chda

Je-su, tinh t h i n thdc tien trong Tam dan ehu nghTa cua Tdn Trung Sdn Rd rang, Hd Chf Minh la nha mac-xft khdng biet phai, giao d i i u , biet tiep nhan van hda de nam lay tinh t h i n va phUdng phap cua chu nghTa Mae -Le-nin Vdi Ho Chf Minh, ehu nghTa Mae - Le-nin khbng chi la khoa hpc va each mang ma edn la dao ddc va van hda Ngudi da tdng ehi rd, dpe hang tram,

TtP CHI THONG TIN OOI NGOtlSO

2010

Trang 7

hang nghln quyen sach

Mac - Le-nin ma an d vdi

nhau khbng ed tinh cd

nghTa thi lam sao gpi la

hieu chu nghTa Mae -

Le-nin dupe Ngudi cung la

nha tu tudng mac-xft ndi

bat nha't khi tie'p can chu

nghTa xa hdi, chfnh tri eua

giai cap cdng nhan va ban

chat cda Dang cpng san td

gbc dp dap ddc hpc va van

hda dao ddc Ngddi ndi,

ehu nghTa xa hdi dd'i lap vdi

ehu nghTa ca nhan, tUtUdng

xa hdi chu nghTa ddi lap vdi

tu tudng ea nhan chu nghTa,

chfnh trj edt d doan ket va

thanh khiet Dang la dao

ddc, la van minh

Chan ly - mdt y,a'n de

cua nhan thdc luan khoa

hpe, dupc Hd Chf Minh md

rdng sang binh dien dao

ddc hpc Cai gl tdt eho dan,

cd lpi chp dan, cai dd la

chan ly Phuc vg nhan dan,

lam ebng bpc trung thanh

va tan tuy eua dan la phgc

tung chan ly cao nha't, la

Ida chpn mpt le sdng eao

thupng nha't

Van dgng ehu nghTa

Mae - Le-nin, NgUdi dac

biet chd trpng yeu c l u sang

tao, khdng may mdc rap

khubn, mudn vay, phai hieu

rd hoan canh, nhdng dieu

kien ljch sd cg the va dae

diem cua tdng qudc gia,

dan tpc NgUdi can dan

ehung ta phai ehu y hpe tap

kinh nghiem cua Lien Xb,

Trung Qud'e va cae nudc

anh em nhUng khdng dUde

sao chep ma phai cd tinh

t h i n ddc lap td ehu NgUdi ndi rd, ta va Lien Xd rat khac nhau v i trlnh dp phat trien, v i ljch sd va van hda

Trong cdng cupc xay dUng ehu nghTa xa hdi, lam khac vdi Lien Xd, van la ngUdi mac-xft

Nhan thdc ddng dan, van dung sang tao va phat trien chu nghTa Mae - Le-nin vao hoan canh, d i i u kien Ijch sd dae thu eua Viet Nam la diem xua't phat va thUe t i i n , v i y thdc

he eua Hd Chf Minh Dd ehang nhdng la ed sd de ed nhdng phat kie'n sang tao, nhdng cdng hien cua Ho Chf Minh v i tU tUdng ddc lap dan tdc va chu nghTa

xa hdi ma cdn la sU cd'ng hien dae sac cua NgUdi gdp p h i n lam phong phu chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin va khp tang ly luan each mang the gidi

Hai, vach tran ban chat cua chu nghTa tit ban, chu nghTa de quoc, thi/c dan va iihang dinh tu" tifdng ve each mang giai phdng dan tgc d thuoc dia phai phoi hap chat che vdi each mang vo san d chinh qudc;

each mang giai phong dan tgc d thuoc dia cd tinh doc lap, tl/chu va cd kha nang gianh thing Igi tru'dc each mang vo san d" chinh quoc

Nguyin Ai Qud'e - Hd Chf Minh la ngUdi da vie't tae pham ly luan mac-xft

"Ban an ehe dp thdc dan Phap" rat ndi tieng vao nam 1925 Tac pham nay

Hl/dfNG DAN CHI DAO •

la sd tdng ket Ijch sd, mpt cao trang ddi vdi chu nghTa thdc dan, de sau dd 20 nam, vao nam 1945, Ngddi viet "Tuyen ngdn dpe lap", khai sinh ehe dp dan chu cpng hda eua nddc Viet Nam dpe lap, ddng thdi la

sd cap chung che dp thdc dan d Viet Nam sau hon 80 nam tdn tai cda nd

Trong phan tfch eua NgUdi: "Chu nghTa td ban

la mdt eon dia cd mdt eai vdi bam vao giai cap vd san d chfnh qude va mdt vdi khac bam vao giai cap

vd san d cac thupc dja Neu ngUdi ta mudn giet eon vat ay, ngUdi ta phai ddng thdi cat ca hai vdi Neu ngUdi ta ehi eat mdt vdi thdi thi eai vdi kia van tiep tgc hut mau eua giai cap vd san, con vat van tiep tue sdng va eai vdi bj eat ddt lai se mpc ra""*

Cung nhd vay, each mang phai ed sU phd'i hpp

d ea chfnh qud'e va thudc dja, gid'ng nhu mot con chim hai canh, mdt canh

vd d thupc dja, mdt canh

vd d chfnh qud'e Sd d i i n dat cg the va gian di tren day da ham chda td tddng

ve tfnh triet de cua each mang ehd'ng chu nghTa tU ban, thUe dan va tfnh ta't ye'u eua sd phd'i hop phong trao each mang d cac nddc thupc dja, phu thudc

va d cac nUdc td ban chu nghTa Dd la bieu hien lap trUdng each mang triet de

va chu nghTa qud'e te cua

U P CNI THOHG TIN BOI NGOtlSO

Trang 8

I Hl/dfNG DAN CHI DAO

giai cap cdng nhan tren

toan the gidi

Nguyen Ai Qudc - Hd

Chf Minh da nhan rd, ddi

vdi nhdng ngddi lao ddng

va vd san d khap mpi ndi,

du m l u da cd khac nhau

nhdng hp d i u ed chung mdt

ke thu va cdng ed chung

mdt mgc tieu tranh da'u

Dequd'c thdc dan, d dau

dau cung la ac quy, phai

danh dd nd di Cdn anh em

vd san d dau dau edng la

ban be, anh em, ddng chf

eua nhau

"Tren ddi nay chi cd hai

gid'ng ngddi: gidng ngddi

bde lot va gidng ngddi bj

bde lot Ma eung chi ed mdt

mdi tinh hdu ai la that ma

thdi: tinh hdu ai vd san"^

NgUdi d i cap tdi tinh

hinh Ddng DUdng va nhdng

ed sd chd sd chfn mudi

each mang d dd Dd vda la

nhdng khang djnh khoa

hpc, vda la nhdng dU bap

chfnh trj man cam NgUdi

da tdng viet: "NgUdi Ddng

DUPng khdng chet, ngddi

Ddng Duong v i n sdng,

sdng mai mai SU d i u ddc

ed he thdng cua bpn tU ban

thUe dan khdng the lam te

Met sde sdng, cang khdng

the lam te liet tUtUdng each

mang cua ngUdi Ddng

Dddng Ludng gid td nddc

Nga thd thuyin, td Trung

Qud'e each mang hoac td

An Dp chien,da'u dang thdi

den giai dpe cho ngUdi

Ddng Dddng"^ Theo danh

gia cua NgUdi: "Dang sau

sd phgc tung tieu cdc, ngUdi Ddng Dddng giau mdt cai

gl dang sdi sgc, dang gao thet va se bung nd mpt each ghe gdm, khi thdi ed de'n Bd phan du tu cd nhiem vu phai thue day eho thdi cd dd mau de'n Sd tan bao cua ehu nghTa td ban da chuan bj da't rdi:

ehu nghTa xa hdi chi cdn phai lam eai viee la gieo hat gidng cua cdng cude giai phdng nda thdi"^ Cho den khi, Luan cddng Le-nin dupe NgUdi ha'p thg nhU tlm tha'y cam nang, NgUdi

da xac djnh rd rang eon dudng giai phdng dan tpc la CPU dddng each mang vd san, ed the gianh dUdc thang ldi trUdc, neu biet dUa tren ndi lUc eua chfnh dan toe minh

Ba, Nguyen Ai Quoc

-Ho Chi Minh da giai quye't thanh cong mdi quan he giO'a dan tgc vdi giai cap, givla giai phdng dan tgc vdi giai phong giai cap tren lap tru'dng giai cap cong nhan

Nhieu luan diem cho tha'y tfnh he thd'ng va sU nha't quan eua Ho Chf Minh v i va'n de dpe lap dan tdc va each mang giai phdng dan tpc

Thdi dai da he md, da chl ra each thdc giai quyet van de dd Dd chfnh la giai cap cdng nhan thdc hien sd menh Ijch sd eua nd

Cai mdi va ban ITnh sang tao cua Ho Chf Minh

la d chd:

- Khdng tach rdi giai ca'p khdi dan tdc Neu khdng gianh dddc dpe lap chu q u y i n chp dan tdc thi chang nhdng dan tdc v i n mai mai trong vdng nd le

ma giai cap cdng khdng thoat khdi tinh canh nd le

va bj giam ham trong kiep ngda trau So' phan dan tpc va giai ca'p g i n l i i n vdi nhau

- Giai phdng dan tdc tren lap trddng giai cap cdng nhan, ddng vdng tren nen tang y thdc he cua giai ca'p edng nhan, vUdt qua y thdc he phong kien da ldi thdi va cung vUdt qua nhdng ban ehe eua y thdc

he tu san Giai quyet va^n

de dan tdc va giai phdng dan tdc tren lap trddng giai cap cdng nhan, theo y thdc

he eua giai cap cdng nhan nen each mang giai phdng dan tdc vdi mue tieu gianh dpe lap dan tdc phai dp giai ca^p edng nhan va dpi tien phong eua nd la Dang Cdng san lanh dao

Cung do dd, con dddng tien len cua dan tpc va eua

xa hpi Viet Nam chi ed the

la eon dddng xa hdi chu nghTa, gan l i i n dpe lap dan tdc vdi chu nghTa xa hdi bang each qua dp len chu nghTa xa hpi, bd qua che dp

td ban ehu nghTa

Theo dd, tU tUdng Hd Chf Minh da md ra eon dddng phat trien td't dep nha't cho dan tdc Viet Nam: dpe lap dan tdc va chu nghTa xa hdi Tu tudne Hd

T t P CHI THONG TIN OOI NGOIIISO

2010

Trang 9

Hl/dfNG DAN CHI DAO I

Chf M i n h da dat n i n m d n g

ly luan eho each m a n g Viet

N a m trong t h d i dai m d i , da

cha'm d d t cupc k h u n g

hoang t r i i n m i e n t d gida

the ky 19 de'n d i u the ky

20 ve dudng Id'i edu nUde,

dddng Id'i phat trien d nUde

ta, da t l m tha'y con dudng

phat trien d u n g da'n, hdp

ly, cd trien v p n g nha't, phu

hpp vdi trao lUu t i e n hda

chung eua nhan loai va xu

the phat trien cua thdi d a i

Bon, nhd cd ly luan va

phu'ang phap each mang

dung dan, Ho Chi Minh da

cung vdi Dang, lanh dao

nhan dan va dan tgc ta

danh bai chu nghia thifc

dan kieu cu va mdi, difa

dan tgc ta vao hang ngu

cac dan tgc tien phong ciia

the gidi, da xay dutig chu

nghia xa hgi phu hgp vdi

hoan canh va dieu kien

cua nUdc ta

T u tudng H d Chf M i n h

ve ehu nghTa xa hdi cd

nhdng sang tao dae sac, ed

gia trj va y nghTa hien d a i ,

khdng ehl vdi nUde ta ma

cdn dd'i vdi eac nddc xa hpi

ehu nghTa khae trong loai

hinh " p h a t trien rut n g a n "

va "qua dp gian t i e p " , bd

qua che dp t d ban ehu

nghTa, thUe hien tdng bddc

td dan chu nhan dan tdi

chu nghTa xa h p i

Trong d i san tU tUdng H d

Chf M i n h , c d k h d n g ft

nhdng luan d i e m sau sac,

lam rd eau tra ldi ddi vdi

n h d n g cau hdi ldn cua thdi

dai dat ra: ehu nghTa xa hdi

la gl? Va xay d d n g c h u nghTa xa hpi nhU the nao?

Cd ca mpt he v a n d i ly luan ve chu nghTa xa hdi t d ban chat, muc tieu, dae trdng, con d u d n g , phddng thdc, m d h i n h va bddc d i cung n h u giai p h a p xay dUng chu nghTa xa hdi trong

sU k i t hdp gida t f n h p h d bien vdi tfnh dae t h d , t f n h giai cap - dan tpc - n h a n dan vdi tfnh t h d i dai va tfnh nhan loai trong the gidi dUdng dai ngay nay

Ho Chf M i n h , nhU da

n d i , da b d sung va phat trien ly luan ehu nghTa xa hdi khoa hpe eua chu nghTa

M a c m p t each t i e p c a n eung d d n g t h d i la quan

n i e m v i chu nghTa xa h p i

D d la tiep can dao ddc hpe

Ngddi da d d c a m t d rat sdm mdt van d e , ma ngay nay ta cang tha'y rd t f n h he trpng dd'i vdi sU phat trien cua chtj nghTa xa h p i : " t h a n g lpi cija chu nghTa xa hdi khdng the tach rdi t h a n g ldi cua cupc da'u tranh t r d bd chu nghTa ca n h a n " ^ Cung n h u vay, khdng d a m bao thUe hanh d a n chu rpng rai t h i khdng the c h d n g dddc quan lieu, lang phf, t h a m d, t h a m nhung Chu nghTa xa hdi la dd'i lap vdi ehu nghTa ea

n h a n T h a n h bai cua chu nghTa xa hdi tuy thudc vap viee nhu'ng ngddi xay d d n g ehu nghTa xa h d i , nha't la dpi ngu tien p h o n g cd du dung khf va quyet t a m de danh t h i n g t h d "giac ndi

x a m " ma Ngudi coi la ke

thu nguy h i e m nha't hay khdng? Do d d , chu nghTa xa hpi khdng ehi ia k i n h te -mdt nen kinh te p h d n v i n h , giau ed, mpt the che c h f n h trj dan chu - phap q u y i n ,

d a m bao q u y i n l a m chu thdc cha't cua nhan d a n , mdt xa hdi cdng b a n g , b i n h dang cho sd phat t r i e n hai hda ea nhan va edng d d n g ,

ma cdn la mpt nen tang dao ddc trong sach, tha'm sau vao cac quan he xa h d i , la mdt he gia trj van hda, k i t hpp dddc t r u y i n thd'ng, ban

s l e dan tpc vdi nhdng t i n h hpa cua t h d i dai v l ddc lap

- t u do - hanh phue c h o m p i con ngUdi, mpi dan tpc SU sau sac va t i n h te van hda, dae biet la van hda dap ddc cda Ho Chf M i n h la d e h d ,

N g d d i k h a n g d j n h m d t

n h i e m vg c h i e n Idde trong tie'n t r l n h xay dUng ehu nghTa xa h d i , d d la n h i e m

vu "trdng n g d d i " , dao tao, giao dge, ren luyen can bp, cpj d d la cdng viec gd'e cua

D a n g , va thUe h a n h dao ddc each m a n g dddc Ngddi quan t a m sud't ddi nhU mpt

c h i e n lupe, ca tU tUdng lan hanh ddng C h i e n lUpc d d

la cdt ldi cua c h i e n lUpc eon ngUdi, ehien lUdc xay

d d n g , phat t r i e n , d d n g t h d i

la chie'n lUdc bao ve chu nghTa xa h d i , lam cho each

m a n g D a n g each m a n g , ngddi each m a n g cd sdc

m a n h t d bao ve

NgUdi ehl rd, ban cha't sau xa va tfnh IAJ viet ndi bat cua chu nghTa xa hpi la thdc

rtP CHi THOHG IIH BOI NGOtlSO

2010

Trang 10

hien va phat huy quyen lam

chu cua nhan dan

Ngddi khang djnh,

khdng gl quy bang dan,

khdng gl manh bang sdc

manh doan ket cua nhan

dan, va dan chu la quy bau

nha't tren ddi cua dan La

ehu the gd'e eua mpi quyin

lde, nhan dan phai la chu

sd hdu eua dan ehu, phai la

chu xa hpi, ehu Nha nUdc,

giam sat dddc Nha nude

eua minh NgUdi cdn nhan

manh, thUe banh dan ehu

rpng rai se la chiee ehia

khda van nang de giai

quye't mpi khd khan Vay

la, NgUdi da tha'y vai trd

ddng lde eua dan ehu dd'i

vdi tien bp va phat trien,

dd'i vdi chu nghTa xa hpi

Ly luan xay ddng chu

nghTa xa hpi eua Ho Chf

Minh tha'm nhuan sau sic

khdng chl tfnh khoa hpc va

each mang ma cdn la dao

ddc, la van hda, tdc la nhan

van Ngddi tdng ndi: "ehu

nghTa xa hpi cdng vdi khoa

hpc, chle ehan se dUa loai

ngUdi den hanh phuc vd

tan "^ Phai xay dUng xa

hdi xa hdi chu nghTa sao

chp ddi sd'ng vat cha't ngay

cang tang, ddi sd'ng tinh

t h i n ngay cang td't, xa hdi

ngay cang tie'n bd van

minh Ta't ca d i u nham vao

hanh phue eua nhan dan

"NhUng neu nUdc dpe lap

ma dan khdng hddng hanh

phuc td do, thi ddc lap cung

chang cd nghTa ly gl"^°

Mau chd't cua xay ddng

chu nghla xa hdi, theo Ho

Chf Minh la phai dda vao dan, dem tai dan, sdc dan

de mdu cau hanh phuc cho dan Viec gi cd ldi cho dan phai quyet lam cho bang dddc Viec gl cd hai tdi dan phai quyet tranh cho bang dUdc

Q u y i n lam chu cua dan, hanh phde cua dan,

sU phat trien tU do, dan chu, cdng bang trong xa hpi - dd la nhdng gia trj dam bao eho ehe dp phat trien ben vdng va chu nghTa xa hdi thdc sd la mpt

xa hpi van hda eao, trong

dd, eon ngUdi la con ngUdi

xa hdi chu nghla, nhan dan lam ehu, dan tdc trd thanh mpt dan tdc thdng thai

Nam, tW tw&ng Ho Chi Minh ve doc lap dan tgc gan lien vdi chu nghia xa hgi the hien mgt quan he bien chuTig, tham nhuan sau sac quan diem thUc tien - phat trien va ddi mdi

Nhdng luan giai cd dpng, ham xue cua Ho Chf Minh cho tha'y, dpe lap dan tdc la t i i n d i , la d i i u kien cua chu nghla xa hpi,

dd la n i n tang chfnh trj, la

ed sd dan tpc eua ehu nghTa xa hdi Theo dd, chu nghTa xa hpi sinh thanh, phat trien va hoan thien

la dam bao thdc chat, d i y

du va b i n vdng nha't eua ddc lap dan tdc Dd cung

la thudc do dan chu va td

do cua phat trien xa hpi, mdt xa hdi van minh, hien dai ma Ijch sd tlm tha'y sd bieu hien td't nha't d ehu

nghla xa hdi Chu nghTa xa hdi, dd cung chfnh la each thdc td chdc xa hdi tdt nha't (td'i du) de lam cho To qude, da't nUde, qudc gia -dan tpc trddng tdn, eon ngUdi ca nhan va cdng ddng xa hdi dddc phat trien

td do, toan dien mpi kha nang sang tao, dddc thg hudng hanh phuc vat chat, tinh t h i n trong mpt mdi trUdng lanh manh, tdt dep nha't Dd cung chfnh la ham y sau xa trong mdt chan ly ldn ma Ho Cht Minh neu ra: "Khdng cd gl quy hPn ddc lap tU dp" Gia trj a'y cung chfnh la chu nghTa xa hdi, mdt ehu nghTa xa hdi phat trien thdng qua ddi mdi, sang tao va hien dai hda •

Chu thich

1 Ho Chi M i n h : Toan tap, NXB CTQG, H 2009, tap 4 , tr 161

2 Vo Nguyen G i a p , (chij bien):

Tu tLfdng H6 C h i M i n h va con dudng each mang Viet Nam, NXB C T Q G , H 1997,

tr 2 3 1 - 2 3 2

3 Ho Chl Minh: Toan tap, NXB CTQG, H I 995, Tap 1, tr.465

4 Ho Chi M i n h : Toan tap, Sdd, tap 1, tr 298

5 H 6 Chi M i n h : Toan tap, Sdd, tap 1, tr 266

6 H 6 Chi M i n h : Toan tap, Sdd, tap 1 , tr 28

7 Ho Chi M i n h : Toan tap, Sdd, tap 1, tr 28

8 H6 Chl M i n h : Toan tap, tap 9, NXB CTQG, H 2009, tr 2 9 1

9 Ho Chi M i n h : Toan tap, Sdd, lap 9, tr 1 3 1

10 Ho Chi M i n h : Toan tap, Sdd, tap 4, tr 56

TtP CHI IHOHG IIH BOI NGOillSO

2010

Ngày đăng: 29/03/2014, 13:20

TỪ KHÓA LIÊN QUAN

TÀI LIỆU CÙNG NGƯỜI DÙNG

TÀI LIỆU LIÊN QUAN

w