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NHU CAU VAN HOA TINH THAN CUA BO DOI RA DA 6 CAC SU DOAN I I PHONG KHONG HIEN NAY Nguyen Van Tuan Khoa Tdm li hgc, Hgc vien Chinh tri 1. Dat van de Nhung nam qua, dupe su quan tam ciia Dang, Nha nudc va quan dpi, ddi sdng vat chat, tinh thin cua bp dpi Ra da da dupe cii thien dang kd. Tuy nhien, didu kien co sd vat chat, trang thiet bi phuc \ai cho boat dpng van hda tinh thin d cac don vi Ra da cdn nhidu ban che, nen nhu clu van hda tinh thin ciia bd dpi ehua dupe dap ling d miic cin thiet. Trong khi dd, do tac ddng mat trai ciia cp che thi trudng lam cho mpt bp phan thanh nien quan dpi, trong dd cd bd dpi Ra da cd nhiing bidu hien ve nhu clu van hda thieu lanh manh, sdm ddi hdi hudng thu, chay theo nhiing nhu clu thi hieu tim thudng, eoi nhe van hda truydn thdng, ca biet ed nhiing quan nhin mIc vao cac te nan xa hpi Vi vay, nghien ciru nhu clu van boa tinh thin cua bp dpi Ra da d eac Su doan Phdng khdng hien nay dd tim ra each thiic thda man, phat tridn nhu cau van hda tinh than lanh manh cho hp la rat eIn thiet. Nhu clu van hoa tinh thin cua bp dpi Ra da la nhirng ddi hdi khach quan ciia mdi quIn nhan cin dupe thoi man vd mat van boa tinh thin dd hp sdng, phat tridn va thue hien thing Ipi nhiem \ai san sang chien dau, chien dau bio ve Td qudc. Khi bp dpi Ra da dupe thoi man nhu clu van boa tinh thin se giiip eho hp phat tridn tri tue, tam hdn trong sang, ldi sdng lanh manh, yeu men gin bd quan dpi, don vi, tinh thin sing khoai, gilm bdt cang thing, met mdi sau nhimg ea true, kip true, thuc hien nhiem vu huan luyen, sin sang chien dau va ehien dau vdi hieu qui cao. Nhu elu van boa tinh thin cua bp dpi Ra da ngay cang phat tndn da dang, phong phii, nd xuat hien ciing mot liic d nhidu khfa canh, nhidu mat va nhidu miic dp khac nhau. Tuy nhien, trong pham vi bai vie't nay, chiing toi chi tap trung nghien ciiu cac nhu clu co ban cau thanh nhu clu van boa tinh than ciia bp dpi Ra da, bao gdm: nhu cdu chinh tri - dgo difc; nhu cdu nhdn thifc; nhu cdu giao tiep; nhu cdu vui chai gidi tri vd nhu cdu hogt dong tap the. 20 TAP CHI TAM Ly HOC SO 9 (126), 9 - 2009 De thue hien nhiem vu nghien ciiu dat ra, chiing t6i tien hanh khIo sat 400 can bp, quan nhan chuyen nghiep, ha sT quan, chien sT ciia 6 tram Ra da khu vue phia Ble. Cac phuong phap trung clu y kien blng bang hdi, toa dam, phdng van sau, phan tich ket qui hoat dpng, thdng ke toan hpc dupe sir dung dd nghien eiiu. 2. Ket qua nghien curu * Nhu cdu chinh tri - dao dire Day la nhu clu dupe nhidu khach the lua chpn nhat va xep d vi trf sd 1 trong blng xep hang cac nhu clu van hoa tinh thin cu the cua bd dpi Ra da ma chiing tdi khIo sat. Ket qua thd hien d bang 1: Bdng 1: Ket qud ddnh gid cua cdc khdch theve nhu cdu chinh tri - dao difc cua bd ddi Ra da STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cac nhu cau cu the Mong mudn dupe hpc tap, quan triet cac Nghi quyet cua Dang Mong mudn dupe hidu biet phap luat ciia Nha nudc Mong mudn dupe hieu biet ve hoat dpng cua cac ddng chf lanh dao Dang, Nha nudc Mong mudn dupe dung trong hang ngu cua Dang cong san Viet Nam Mong mudn hieu biet va thuc hien diing dieu lenh quSn dpi Mong mudn dupe tham gia vao ban chap hanh mpt td chiic nao do trong dan vi Diem trung binh chung Diem TB 2,83 2,85 2,73 2,62 2,81 2,48 2,72 Thiir bac 2 1 4 5 3 6 Chii thich: Rdt mong mudn irng vdi 3 diem; binh thudng ifng vdi 2 diem; khong mong mudn ifng vdi 1 diem. Diem trung binh chung cdng eao chirng td nhu cdu chinh tri - dgo difc cua bo doi Ra da cdng ldn. Ket qua tren cho thay, bp dpi Ra da rat quan tam den nhu clu chinh tri - dao diic va coi dd la npi dung khong thd thieu trong ddi sdng hang ngay cua hp (DTB = 2,72, miic eao nhat). Trong cac nhu elu cu the eau thanh nhu clu chinh tri - dao diic, nhu clu hidu biet vd phap luat Nha nudc dupe hp quan tam nhidu nhat (DTB = 2,85); tiep theo la nhu clu dupe hpc tip quan triet cac nghi quyet cua Dang (DTB = 2,83) va nhu clu hidu biet, thuc hien diing didu lenh quan dpi (DTB = 2,81). Didu nay eho thay, mdi TAP CHI TAM LY HOC Sd 9 (126), 9 - 2009 21 ehii truang ehinh sach diing din ciia Dang, mdi ldi ndi va hanh ddng diing didu lenh cua quan nhan ddu mang lai cho bp dpi Ra da nidm^ vui va su tin tudng. Tuy nhien. nhu clu tham gia vao ban chap hanh mot td chiic nao dd trong don vi ft dupe bp dpi Ra da quan tam. Trao ddi vdi chiing tdi, phan ldn chien sT cho ring: hp quan tim nhidu den chii truong, chfnh sach cua Ding vl nd true tiep anh hudng den su phat tndn kinh te - xa hpi cua dat nudc, den ddi sdng cua nhin dan va cua chfnh bin thin hp. tuang lai eiia hp sau ngay ra quan phu thuoc nhidu vao che dp, chfnh sach cua Ding, Nha nudc. . , r-l '^ Nhu cdu vui chdi gidi tri • 'f Cimg vdi nhu clu ehfnh trj - dao dire, nhu clu \Tai chai gili tri la mot loai nhu clu ndi trpi ciia bp dpi Ra da. Ket qui bidu hien ciia nhu clu nay dupe thd hien nhu sau: Stt 1 2 .3 4 5 6 7 8 ! Bdng 2: Cdc logi hint Loai hinh vui chai, giai tri Xem ti vi Nghe nhae Dpc sach bao Chai the thao Viet thu cho ban be Tro chuyen vai ddng dpi Hat karaoke Ra ngoai tham ban be Diem TB vui chc/i Can be Diem TB 2,72 2,42 2,60 2,67 1,80 2,25 2,12 1.90 2,31 gidi hi md bd ddi Ra da thu&ng tham gia », KTV Thir bac 1 4 3 2 8 5 6 7 HSQ, chien si Diem TB 2,55 2,68 2,46 2,78 2,65 2,37 Thu bac 4 2 5 1 3 8 2,40 : 7 2,45 6 1 2,54 1 Tdng hpp chung Diem Thu TB 1 bac 2,63 2 55 • 2,53 2,72 2.22 2,31 2 3 4 1 7 5 2,26 j 6 1 • 2,18 i 8 2,42 ! Chii thich: Thudng xuyen img vdi 3 diem; doi khi img vdi 2 diem; khong tham gia img vdi 1 diem. Chu thich ndy duge sir dung cho cd bdng 3 vd 4. : !'>:} Ket qua tren cho thay. cac loai hinh \aii chai gili trf ma bp dpi Ra da dupe tham gia rat da dang. Trong dd. hai loai hinh vui chai phd bie'n duac nhidu khach thd thudng xuyen tham gia nhat la cboi thd thao (DTB = 2,72; thii bac 1): xem ti vi (DTB = 2.63; thii bac 2). Loai hinh vui chai, gili tri ma cac 22 TAP CHI'TAM Ly HOC, Sd 9 (126), 9 - 2009 khach thd it dupe tham gia nhat la ra ngoai tham ban be (DTB = 2,18; thir bae 8). Ket qui khIo sat cdn cho thay, d cac khach thd khac nhau, miic dp tham gia cae loai hinh vui ehoi, gili tri ciing ed sir khac nhau, trong dd, miic dp tham gia cac loai hinh vui ehoi, giai tri cua ehien sT ldn hon cua can b6 (2,54 so vdi 2,31). Qua trinh quan sat boat dpng vui chai, gili tri cua cae quan nhan d cae tram Ra da khac nhau, ke't hop vdi phdng van sau mpt sd can bp, chien sT ehiing t6i thay: nhu clu vui ehoi, gili tri cua bp dpi Ra da kha da dang, phong phii, nhiing thue te nhu clu nay eiia hp ehua duoc thoa man, hp thudng xuyen ehd thd thao nhung ehii yeu la cae m6n thd thao mang tinh ca nhin nhu tap xa, ta, chay. Cac mon the thao yeu thfeh va mang tfnh tap thd nhu bdng da, bdng ehuydn rat ft duoc tham gia. Nguyen nhan la do khd khan vd san bai, vd luc lupng tham gia. Dpc-sach, bao ciing la hinh thiie vui ehoi, gili tri dupe nhidu khach the tham gia, nhung thue te thdi" gian dpc sach hang ngay ciia bp dpi Ra da kh6ng nhidu, nghTa la cd su mlu thuIn giua nhu clu va viec dap irng nhu eau dpc sach, bao ciia hp. Trao ddi vdi chiing toi, nhidu can bp, chie'n sT cho ring: sd lupng sach, bao kh6ng nhidu, ehiing loai ngheo nan, npi dung thieu hap din; cac loai bao hay cung rat ban che vd sd lupng va chiing loai; cac loai bao ngay thudng xuyen den cham, th6ng tin thieu tinh cap nhat. Ket qui didu tra cdn cho tha'y: bp dpi Ra da rat it ra ngoai doanh trai tham ban be, ngudi than trong cac ngay nghi, gid nghi, didu nay khong cd nghTa la hp khdng ed nhu clu. Khi hdi chien sT d cac tram Ra da vd van dd nay, chiing toi ddu nhan dupe cau tra ldi tuong ddi gidng nhau: "ehiing t6i rat mudn ra ngoai doanh trai tham ban be, nhung do didu lenh, dieu le quan dpi, npi qui qui dinh ciia don vi kh6ng cho phep, ban nua, don vi ddng quan qua xa khu dan cu, di lai khd khan, canh true thudng xuyen nen thdi gian gianh cho tham ban be, ngudi than rat ban che^'. * Nhu cdu ndng cao nhdn thirc Nhu elu nang cao nhan thiic duoc 81,5% khach thd lua chpn va xep thii 3 trong bang xep hang. Ke't qua thu dupe d bang 3. Ket qui blng 3 cho thay, nhu clu nhan thiie eua bp dpi Ra da kha phong phli, da dang nhung kh6ng cao (DTB = 1,96). Trong do, cac npi dung dupe bp dpi Ra da chii trpng nlng cao nhan thiic la: tim hidu vd nhiem vu ciia don vi (DTB - 2,29; xep bac 1); nang cao trinh dp nghiep vu ciia ban than (DTB = 2,17; xep bae 2). Phdng van sau can bp, chien sT d mpt sd tram Ra da chiing t6i thay: nhu clu nang cao trinh dp nhan thiic ciia bp dpi rat ldn, ldn hon rat nhidu so vdi thuc trang hpc tap nang cao trinh dp nhan thiic ciia hp hien nay. Sd dT nhu vay la do co sd vat cha't phuc vu hpc tap nang cao nhan thiic cdn thieu nhidu, each thiic td chiic de thoa man nhu clu nhan thiic cho cac quan nhan cdn ban che. TAP CHI TAM LY HOC, Sd 9 (126), 9-2009 • 23 Bdng 3: Thifc trgng nhu cdu ndng cao nhdn thifc ciia bd doi Ra da Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cac bieu hien Thucng xuyen dpc cac loai sach, boo Khoa hpc Thucng xuyai dpc cac tai lieu ve chuyoi moi n^ep vu Thudng xuyen nghe chuang tnnh giao due tren radio, tmydnhinh Thudng xuyen dpc cac sach, bao vd van hoa, nghe thuat Thudng xuyen tu tim hidu ve nhiem vu ciia dan vi Thudng xuyen hoc tap them may tfnh Thudng xuyen hpc tap them ngoai ngu Diem TB Can bo Diem TB 2,30 2,70 2,25 1,82 2,50 2,32 1,50 2,19 Thur bac 4 1 5 6 2 3 7 Chien si Diem TB 2,03 1,65 1,59 1,87 2,09 1,46 1,40 1,72 Thii bac 2 4 5 3 1 6 7 Chung Diem TB 2,16 2,17 1,92 1,84 2,29 1,89 1,45 1,96 Thur bac 3 2 4 6 1 5 7 Ke't qua tdng hop tii blng 3 cdn cho thay: thuc trang nhu clu nang cao nhan thiic cua can bp va ky thuat vien cao ban so vdi nhu elu nang cao nhan thiic cua ha sT quan, ehien sT (DTB 2,19 so vdi 1,72). Trong dd, d tirng npi dung cu the thi nhu cau cua can bp va chien sT cung cd su khac nhau. Chlng ban: nhu clu nang cao tnnh dp chuyen m6n nghiep vu d can bp, sT quan cao ban rat nhidu so vdi nhu clu nay d ha sT quan, chie'n sT (2,70 so vdi 1,65); nhu clu hpc tap nang cao hidu biet va sir dung may tinh cua can bp va ky thuat vien cung cao ban nhieu so vdi nhu clu cua chien sT (2,32 so vdi 1,46). Nhung, nhu clu nlng cao trinh dp van hoa, nghe thuat ciia sT quan lai thap ban so vdi ha sT quan, chie'n sT (1,82 so vdi 1,87). Mpt ndi dung quan trpng va dang thu hiit dupe su quan tam hpc tap cua gidi tre nude ta hien nay nhung ft dupe su chii y ciia bp dpi Ra da la hoc tap nang cao trinh dp ngoai ngu (DTB = 1,45 va xep d thii hang thap nhat). Trao ddi vdi chiing tdi, hlu bet can bp, chien sT d cae tram Ra da deu cho ring: npi dung nay ft hen quan den chuyen mdn, nghiep vu ciia hp nen khd tao ra ddng luc dd hp hpc tap. Mat khac, do khd khan vd tai lieu va ngudi hudng din nen da sd can bp, chien sT Ra da khdng thudng xuyen hpc tap noi dung nay. * Nhu cdu hoat dpng tap the 24 TAP CHI TAM Ly HOC, Sd 9 (126), 9 - 2009 Hoat dpng tap thd la nhu elu khong thd thieu trong ddi sdng ciia bp dpi Ra da. Ket qui trung clu y kien eho thay: Bdng 4: Mile do cdn thiet tham gia cdc hogt ddng tap the Stt 1 2 3 4 5 Npi dung boat dpng tap the Sinh boat Dang, Doan Chcd thd thao ddng dpi Giao luu vdi thanh nien, sinhviai Hpi thao nghiep vu Hoat dpng giiip dan Diem TB Can bp Diem TB 2,65 2,25 1,77 1,90 2,50 2,21 Thii bac 1 3 5 4 2 Chien si Diem TB 2,46 2,78 2,48 1,81 2,68 2,44 Thu bac 4 1 3 5 2 Chung Diem TB 2,55 2,51 2,12 1,85 2,59 2,32 Thii bac 2 3 4 5 1 Ket qui bang 4 cho thay, bp dpi Ra da cd nhu clu cao vd boat dpng tap thd (DTB - 2,32), hlu bet cac hoat dpng tap thd mang tinh phd bie'n ciia bp dpi ddu dupe hp danh gia cao va tich cue tham gia. Npi dung boat dpng dupe cae 'quan nhan danh gia cao nhat va tham gia thudng xuyen la hoat dpng giiip dd nhan dan dia phuang (DTB = 2,59; xep bac 1). Ket qua nay phin anh dung ban chat truydn thdng cua quan dpi ta tir nhan dan ma ra, vl nhan dan ma chien dau, phuc vu. Tie'p theo la sinh boat Ding, Doan (DTB = 2,55; xep bac 2). Hpi thao nghiep vu la boat ddng dupe td chiic thudng xuyen va duoc ehuln bi chu dao, nhung dupe it khach thd lira chpn nhat (DTB = 1,85; xep bac 5). Theo eac quan nhan cho biet thi dd la npi dung phai luyen tap vat vl, tinh chat kh6 khan, hinh thiic don dieu, ft hap din gidi tre. Ket qua tren ciing cho thay, nhu clu tham gia boat dpng tap thd ciia chie'n sT cao ban ciia can bp (DTB 2,44 so vdi 2,21). Tuy nhien, d tirng npi dung cu thd thi nhu clu ciia hai loai khach thd nay cd sir khac nhau. Chlng ban, nhu clu sinh boat Dang, Doan d can bp cd DTB = 2,65; xep bac 1, trong khi do cimg d npi dung nay, chien sT cd DTB = 2,46 xep bac 4. Nhung d npi dung giao luu vdi sinh vien, thanh nien dia phuong thi chien sT cd nhu clu cao hon rat nhidu so vdi can bd (2,48; xep bac 3 so vdi 1,77; xep bac 5). Tri ldi phdng van cua chiing t6i, nhidu chie'n sT cua cac tram Ra da cho biet: hp rat mudn dupe giao luu vdi sinh vien cac trudng Dai hpc, Cao ding, nhung do thdi gian canh true va huan luyen ciia bd dpi Ra da rat chat che nen nhu clu nay cua hp hiem khi duoc dap ling. * Nhu cdu giao tiep TAP CHI TAM LY HOC Sd 9 (126), 9 - 2009 25 Bp dpi Ra da hlu bet nim trong dp tudi thanh men. da sd hp ddng quIn xa nha nen giao tiep trd thanh nhu clu quan trpng va khdng the thieu trong ddi sdng smh boat ciia hp. KhIo sat tren cac npi dung: 1) Ddng chi mong mudn dugc giao tiep v&i ai? 2) Trong cdc gi& nghi, ngdy nghi ddng chi thu&ng dugc giao tiep v&i ai? Ke't qui thu dupe nhu sau: Bdng 5: Mong mudn giao tiep ciia bd ddi Ra da v&i cdc nJidm khdch the khdc -nhau Stt 1 2 3 4 1 • 1 Khach the giao tiep Giao tie'p voi ddng doi Giao tiep vdi chi huy Giao tiep vai thanh nien, nhan dan dia phuang Can bo Tan suat {N= 80) 80 62 30 Giao tiep vdi sinh vien 28 % 100 77,5 37,5 35,0 Chien sT Tan suat (S= 320) 320 130 230 270 % 100 40,6 71,8 84,3 Chung Tan suat (N= 400) 400 192 260 298 % 100 48 65 74,5 Bdng 6: Khdch the^giao tiep cua bd ddi Ra da trong cdc gi& nghi, ngdy nghi Stt 1 2 3 4 Khach the giao tiep Giao tiep vai ddng dpi Giao tiep vai chi huy Giao tie'p vdi thanh nien, nhan dan dia phuang Giao tiep vai sinh vien Can bo Tan suat (N = 80) 78 46 24 18 % 97,5 57,5 30,0 22,5 Chien si Tan suat (N = 320) 316 110 30 10 % 98,7 34,4 93 3,1 Chun Tan suat (N = 400) 394 156 54 28 g % 98,5 39,0 13,5 7,0 Ket qua thu duoc tir bang 5, 6 cho thay: nhu clu giao tiep cua bd ddi Ra da vdi cac nhdm khach thd rat ldn, nhung khi nang dap ling cac nhu clu dd ciia hp trong cac gid nghi, ngay nghi chua tuong xirng. Tat cl mong mudn giao tie'p ciia hp vdi cac nhom khach thd ddu chua dupe thoi man trong cac gid nghi, ngay nghi. Mdt sd mong mudn giao tiep cua bp dpi Ra da dupe dap ung d mire 26 TAP CHI' TAM Ly HOC, Sd 9 (126), 9 - 2009 thap nha't la: giao tiep vdi sinh vien (7% so vdi 74,5%); giao tie'p vdi thanh nien, nhan dan dia phuang (13,5% so vdi 65%). '^'' Ket qui tren cUng cho thay, ngudi chi huy, ddng dpi, ddng huong, nhan dan, thanh nien dja phuang, sinh vien cac trudng Dai hpc, ban be, ngudi than ddu la khach thd giao tiep cua bp dpi Ra da. Khach the giao tiep thudng xuyen ciia bp dpi Ra da rat hep, hp chu yeu giao tiep vdi chi huy va ddng dpi trong don vi, cdn viec giao tiep vdi mot sd khach the khac nhu nhan dan, thanh nien dia phuang va sinh vien cac trudng Dai hpc didn ra rat ft. Trong sd chien sT dupe hdi, chi cd 10/320 (3,1%) chien sT tri ldi dupe giao tiep vdi sinh vien. Trao ddi vdi chiing t6i, mdt sd ddng chi can bd d cac tram Ra da va tro ly cac Tmng doan Ra da cho ring: do dia hinh ddng quIn xa dan cu va do tfnh chat nhiem vu dae thii nen nhu elu giao tiep cua bp dpi Ra da rat ldn, nhung thuc te khach thd giao tiep ciia hp rat hep, nhu clu giao tiep ciia hp chua dupe thoa man, khach thd giao tiep kh6ng da dang, chu yeu la nam gidi Va ciing didu kien lam viec nhu nhau. Thuc te tren dd din den kha nang giao tie'p, irng xir ciia bp dpi Ra da kem hnh boat, thieu tu tin khi giao tiep vdi khach thd khac gidi, nhat la vdi nu thanh nien, sinh vien. Thuc trang nay edn cho thay ddi sdng van hoa tinh than ciia bp dpi Ra da ngheo nan, nhung nhu clu cin thiet va hop ly ciing chi dupe thoa man d miic khiem tdn. 3. Ket luan Khao sat 400 can bp, quIn nhan chuyen nghiep, ha sT quan, chien sT ciia 6 tram Ra da khu vuc phia Ble vd nhu clu van hoa tinh thin ciia bp dpi Ra da d cac Su doan Phdng kh6ng hien nay budc diu cd thd kdt luan: - Nhu clu van hoa tinh thin eiia bp dpi Ra da hien nay kha da dang, phong phli, nhung chi tap trung vao mpt sd nhu clu binh thudng gin lidn vdi cupc sdng ciia cae quIn nhan. Hlu het eac quan nhan it cd nhu elu bay bdng, lang man nhu: tham quan, du lich, xem bidu didn nghe thuat d cae trung tam van hoa ldn. - Nhu clu van hoa tinh than ciia bp dpi Ra da rat ldn, nhung khi nang dap img nhu clu ciia hp rat nhd, nhidu nhu clu binh thudng va rat cin thiet ddi vdi ddi sdng, sir phat tridn ciia hp nhung khd thuc hien. Di gdp phin thoi man va phat tridn nhu clu van hoa tinh than lanh manh cho bp dpi Ra da hien nay cin phli tien hanh ddng bp cac giai phap tam ly - xa hpi CO ban sau: TAP CHI TAM LY HOC Sd 9 (126), 9 - 2009 27 . Tie'n hanh cong tac giao dtic nhim nang cao trinh do nhan thiic moi mat cho cac quan nhin trong don \'i; . Thudng xuyen td chu:c tdt cac boat dpng vui chd giai tri, boat dong tap the trong don vi; . Thuc hien tdt cdng tac dan van, tranh thu su quan tam, img hp cua cap uy, chinh quydn dia phuang nai ddng quan. Ke't hop md rpng cac boat dpng giao luu ket nghTa vdi don vi ban, vdi sinh vien cac trudng dai hpc, cao ding; . Quan tam den ddi sdng mpi mat cua bp dpi. Bao dam tdt cac didu kien, phuang tien can thie't cho cac boat dpng van hoa tinh thin ciia dan vi. 2^ TAPCHITAM ly HOC Sd9 (126), 9 - 2009 . cac nhu clu co ban cau thanh nhu clu van boa tinh than ciia bp dpi Ra da, bao gdm: nhu cdu chinh tri - dgo difc; nhu cdu nhdn thifc; nhu cdu giao tiep; nhu cdu vui chai gidi tri vd nhu. trung tam van hoa ldn. - Nhu clu van hoa tinh than ciia bp dpi Ra da rat ldn, nhung khi nang dap img nhu clu ciia hp rat nhd, nhidu nhu clu binh thudng va rat cin thiet ddi vdi ddi. khdng ed nhu clu. Khi hdi chien sT d cac tram Ra da vd van dd nay, chiing toi ddu nhan dupe cau tra ldi tuong ddi gidng nhau: "ehiing t6i rat mudn ra ngoai doanh trai tham ban be, nhung