(Đồ án hcmute) ảnh hưởng việc phủ màng chitosan đến chất lượng của chuối laba (musa cavendish) sau thu hoạch

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP NGÀNH CÔNG NGHỆ THỰC PHẨM ẢNH HƯỞNG VIỆC PHỦ MÀNG CHITOSAN ĐẾN CHẤT LƯỢNG CỦA CHUỐI LABA (MUSA CAVENDISH) SAU THU HOẠCH GVHD: VŨ TRẦN KHÁNH LINH GVHD: ĐÀO VŨ TRƯỜNG SƠN SVTH: TRẦN VÂN TÚ MSSV: 15116061 SKL 0 Tp Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 8/2019 an TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH KHOA ĐÀO TẠO CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO NGÀNH CƠNG NGHỆ THỰC PHẨM KHĨA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP MÃ SỐ: 2019 - 15116061 ẢNH HƯỞNG VIỆC PHỦ MÀNG CHITOSAN ĐẾN CHẤT LƯỢNG CỦA CHUỐI LABA (MUSA CAVENDISH) SAU THU HOẠCH SVTH: TRẦN VÂN TÚ MSSV: 15116061 GVHD: TS VŨ TRẦN KHÁNH LINH TS ĐÀO VŨ TRƯỜNG SƠN THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH – 08/2019 i an i an ii an iii an iv an v an vi an vii an viii an 3.7.Khảo sát ảnh hưởng màng phủ chitosan đến thay đổi lượng đường khử chuối laba trình bảo quản HÀM LƯỢNG ĐƯỜNG KHỬ (G/100G MẪU ƯỚT) KHẢO S ÁT HÀM LƯ ỢNG ĐƯ ỜNG KHỬ 14.00 12.00 10.00 C 8.00 S05 6.00 S10 S15 4.00 S20 2.00 0.00 NGÀY Hình 3.7: Biểu đồ khảo sát ảnh hưởng màng phủ chitosan đến hàm lượng đường khử chuối laba trình bảo quản Kết khảo sát lượng đường khử phủ hợp với khảo sát hàm lượng đường tổng tiến hành ngày bảo quản Ở tất mẫu, lượng đường khử tăng tinh bột phân giải tạo thành loại đường, có loại đường khử glucose, fructose, maltose, Trong ngày đầu bảo quản, q trình tiền hơ hấp chưa diễn mạnh nên lượng đường khử tạo thành thấp sang giai đoạn hô hấp tăng (từ ngày đến ngày 7), lượng đường khử tăng đáng kể Mẫu chuối phủ màng chitosan có hàm lượng đường khử tăng so với mẫu đối chứng Giữa nồng độ chitosan khảo sát, theo dõi dõi đồ thị thấy lượng đường khử tạo thành mẫu S05 tương đương S10; mẫu S15 tương đương S20 Tuy nhiên, nồng độ chitosan 2%, hàm lượng đường khử tăng Sự gia tăng lượng đường khử giải thích tinh bột enzyme phân giải thành đường khử loại đường không khử chuyển thành đường khử nhờ trình đảo ngược [155] Kết thí nghiệm khảo sát hàm lượng đường khử đưa ảnh hưởng màng chitosan nồng độ 2% tốt 37 an 3.2.8 Khảo sát ảnh hưởng màng phủ chitosan đến thay đổi lượng tổng carbohydrate chuối laba trình bảo quản HÀM LƯỢNG TỔNG CARBOHYDRATE (G/100G MẪU ƯỚT) KHẢO SÁT HÀM LƯỢNG TỔNG CARBOHYDRATE 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 C S05 S10 15.00 S15 S20 10.00 5.00 0.00 NGÀY Hình 3.8: Biểu đồ khảo sát ảnh hưởng màng phủ chitosan đến hàm lượng tổng carbohydrate chuối laba trình bảo quản Sau thu hoạch, trình chín làm biến đổi thành phần carbohydrate chuối Ngoài thủy phân tinh bột, pectin cellulose bị enzyme phân giải thay đổi cấu hình nên dẫn đến hàm lượng tổng carbohydrate có thay đổi [179] Qua Hình 3.9, hàm lượng tổng carbohydrate giảm dần tất mẫu từ ngày đến ngày Sự hao hụt mẫu đối chứng xảy nhanh mạnh nên lượng tổng carbohydrate lại thấp đến ngày Ở nồng độ chitosan 1.5%, trừ ngày 5, tổng carbohydrate cao mẫu khác ngày bảo quản lại Ảnh hưởng đến hàm lượng tổng carbohydrate lớn nồng độ chitosan 1.5% quan sát đồ thị Hình 3.8 Kết cho thấy hàm lượng CO2 nội sinh tế bào giảm ảnh hưởng màng phủ chitosan lên chuối laba nên q trình hơ hấp tổng hợp sucrose giảm dẫn đến hàm lượng tổng carbohydrate giảm [180] 38 an CHƯƠNG 4: KẾT LUẬN VÀ KIẾN NGHỊ 4.1.Kết luận Chuối laba với nguồn dinh dưỡng hương vị phong phú, nguồn đặc sản tỉnh Lâm Đồng, có giá trị xuất cao Để trì chất lượng chuối laba sau thu hoạch, tiến hành ứng dụng lớp màng phủ ăn chitosan phủ lên chuối Chúng tơi thực thí nghiệm nhằm khảo sát ảnh hưởng việc phủ chitosan đến chất lượng chuối trình bảo quản đồng thời lựa chọn nồng độ chitosan tối ưu cho q trình bảo quản Qua kết thí nghiệm, nhận thấy nồng độ chitosan 2% tạo thành lớp phủ có ảnh hưởng rõ rệt tốt đến chất lượng chuối laba Cụ thể, thông số chênh lệch màu sắc, độ cứng, hàm lượng khoáng tổng, độ ẩm, hàm lượng đường tổng đường khử chứng minh khả làm chậm q trình hơ hấp, q trình chín chuyển hóa sinh hóa sinh tổng hợp ethylene xảy sau thu hoạch Lớp phủ chitosan khơng ảnh hưởng đến hao hụt khối lượng Tuy khảo sát hàm lượng carbohydrate tổngcó kết chưa thật phù hợp với kết khác nhìn chung lớp phủ chitosan có ảnh hưởng tốt đến chất lượng chuối laba tương tự với nghiên cứu công bố chuối loại trái khác sau thu hoạch 4.2.Kiến nghị Chúng nhận thấy tiềm lớn màng chitosan việc bảo quản chuối laba sau thu hoạch Chúng hy vọng từ kết đạt sau trình nghiên cứu khảo sát này, việc phủ màng chitosan ứng dụng rộng rãi cho sản phẩm chuối laba, nhằm đảm bảo chất lượng tốt cho đặc sản vùng đất Lâm Đồng đến tay người tiêu dùng nước, đem nguồn lợi kinh tế cho đồng bào vùng cao nói riêng nơng nghiệp Việt Nam nói chung Ngồi ra, hy vọng nghiên cứu nên mở rộng ứng dụng chitosan đến nhiều loại trái đặc sản nước ứng dụng kết hợp chitosan với hợp chất khác để gia tăng hiệu lớp màng phủ 39 an TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO [1] Jiwan S Sidhu and Tasleem A Zafar (2018) Bioactive compounds in banana fruits and their health benefits Food Quality and Safety Pp: 183–188 [2] Debabandya Mohabatra, Sabyasachi Mishdra, Namrata Sutar (2010) Banana and its by-product utilisation: an overview Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research (JSIR) Vol.69(05) Pp: 323-329 [3] Đỗ Đăng Giáp, Phạm Ngọc Vinh, Trần Trọng Tuấn, Nguyễn Thị Huyền Trang, Phạm Ngô Ánh Thư, Thái Xuân Du (2012) Tăng hệ số nhân nhanh chồi chuối laba (musa sp.) 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Đề tài: ? ?Ảnh hưởng việc phủ màng chitosan đến chất lượng chuối laba (Musa Cavendish) sau thu hoạch? ?? với nội dung cụ thể bao gồm: + Khảo sát ảnh hưởng việc phủ màng chitosan đến tính chất vật... sát ảnh hưởng việc phủ màng chitosan đến tính chất vật lý chuối laba sau thu hoạch 19 2.3.2 Thí nghiệm - TN2: Khảo sát ảnh hưởng việc phủ màng chitosan đến thành phần dinh dưỡng chuối. .. tiêu khảo sát ảnh hưởng việc phủ màng chitosan đến chất lượng chuối laba (Musa Cavendish) sau thu hoạch với nồng độ chitosan khác nhằm lựa chọn nồng độ tối ưu để ứng dụng chuối laba Nội dung