(Đồ án hcmute) design and development of aloe vera peeling and dicing system

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT TP HỒ CHÍ MINH KHOA CƠ KHÍ CHẾ TẠO MÁY ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP NGÀNH CÔNG NGHỆ CHẾ TẠO MÁY THIẾT KẾ VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN ALOE VERA HỆ THỐNG PEELING AND DICING GVHD: PGS.TS NGUYỄN TRƯỜNG THỊNH SVTH: LÊ HỒNG HIẾU MSSV: 12143067 DƯƠNG HÙNG DŨNG MSSV: 12143028 NGUYỄN HẢI ĐĂNG MSSV: 12143473 S KL0 Tp Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 01 năm 2016 an MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING GRADUATION PROJECT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALOE VERA PEELING AND DICING SYSTEM Advisor: Assoc.Prof., Dr NGUYEN TRUONG THINH Students: LE HONG HIEU 12143067 DUONG HUNG DUNG 12143028 NGUYEN HAI DANG 12143473 Ho Chi Minh City, January 2017 an MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF MACHINERY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY GRADUATION PROJECT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALOE VERA PEELING AND DICING SYSTEM Advisor: Assoc.Prof., Dr NGUYEN TRUONG THINH Students: LE HONG HIEU 12143067 DUONG HUNG DUNG 12143028 NGUYEN HAI DANG 12143473 Ho Chi Minh City, January 2017 an HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIET NAM Independence - Liberty - Happiness FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING GRADUATION PROJECT OBJECTIVES Advisor: Assoc Prof., Dr NGUYEN TRUONG THINH Students: LE HONG HIEU Student ID: 12143067 DUONG HUNG DUNG Student ID: 12143028 NGUYEN HAI DANG Student ID: 12143473 Project “Design And Development Of Aloe Vera Peeling And Dicing System” Input Information  Capacity 5000 kg/hr  Aloe haven’t been peeled and filleted Objectives  Research the Aloe vera machine in Viet Nam and in foreign  Meet the capacity of 5000 kg/hr  Develop the system base on the objectives Results  Aloe peeling and dicing system with capacity 5000 kg/hr  Peeling effect > 90% Date: 7/9/2016 Deadline: 8/12/2017 DEAN OF FACULTY HEAD OF DEPARTMENT ADVISOR (sign) (sign) (sign) an COMMITMENT Project: ALOE VERA PEELING AND DICING SYSTEM Advisor: Assoc Prof., Dr NGUYEN TRUONG THINH Student: LE HONG HIEU Student ID: 12143067 Class: 129430A Phone number: 0979.381.314 Addresss: Mo Duc town, Mo Duc District, Quang Ngai Province Email: 12143067@student.hcmute.edu.vn Student: DUONG HUNG DUNG Student ID :12143028 Class: 129430A Phone number: 0977357714 Address: An Binh Ward, Di An district, Binh Duong province Student: NGUYEN HAI DANG Student ID: 12143473 Class: 129430A Phone number: 01645704496 Address: Thanh Binh Village, Vung Liem district, Vinh Long province Email: 12143473@student.hcmute.edu.vn Deadine: 8/2/2017 Commitment: “Aloe vera peeling and dicing system is researched and developed by us, we don’t copy any paper or research without listing on references If there is any violation, we would like to take full responsibility.” Ho Chi Minh City, January 24 2017 Sign an ACKNOWLEDGEMENT  Graduation project is the result of all knowledge that students have been taught in their studying at university This is the opportunity for students to bring their knowledge into practical research Graduation project helps students improve their knowledge and compare their knowledge taught at university with practical process “Aloe peeling and dicing system” has been finished after months of researching and It is not only the effort of our team but also the encouragement of the teachers in my Faculty We really want to give our special thanks to Advisor Nguyen Truong Thinh who always stands by our side, helps us very much during graduation project time We also give our respect to all teachers in university for hepling us to finish this project an ABSTRACT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALOE VERA PEELING AND DICING SYSTEM Aloe vera is a tropical or sub-tropical plant with turgid lace-shaped green leaves with jagged edges and sharp points The plant contains two separate juice materials, a yellow latex (exudate), extracted from the vascular bundles at the junction between the rind and the fillets, and a transparent mucilaginous gel, extruded from the inner pulp Nowadays, the need of products from Aloe processing is very large As a result, the raw material area is appearing more and more so it is enough Aloe for factories to remain manufacturing continuously When Aloe vera leaves are harvested, it contains dirt and other impurities The yellow fluid secretion from the harvested leaves should be completely removed from the leaf for its prolage layer below the green rind avoiding the vascular bundles and the top rind is also removed with the help of cutter The bottom rind is similarly removed After being peeled the rind, Aloe vera will be diced to support for any next processes, such as making Aloe yogurt, Aloe health drink, Aloe juice… It is not only save time but also be easy to be preserved and transported In this project, designing process of Aloe vera peeling and cutting system is described The content of this paper includes chapters At the first, chapter introduced the aloe vera and why we need to develop Aloe vera peeling and dicing system It highlights the detail design solutions considering the peeling principle Besides, chapter describes a method of design and development of Aloe peeling and dicing system Next chapter shows technology procedure Chapter presents the electrical recruit Chapter gives the results and discussions after completing the machine and get experiments, next it also describes the results archived and the advantages of the new Aloe peeling and dicing mechanism Finally, Chapter highlights the conclusions as well as the need for the further research and studies Students an Table of contents CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION I WHAT IS ALOE VERA 1 Aloe Vera Structure of Aloe vera leaf II PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PROJECT III PROJECT OBJECTIVES Overall objective Detail objective Scope of project IV SOMES PEELING PROCESSES OF ALOE MACHINE V THE SYSTEM OF ALOE VERA PEELING MACHINE VI THE RESEARCHES RELATING TO THE PROJECT In foreign In Viet Nam VII THE NECESSARY OF PROJECT CHAPTER II: MECHANICAL DESIGNING 11 I ENERGY THEORY OF FRACTURE FOR AN LASTIC FILM-KENDALL’S MODEL 12 II DESIGNING THE PEEING MECHANISIM 15 Aloe peeling principal 15 Designing the flexible roller 15 Motor and trasmission ratio 18 Designing chain transmissions 22 Roller test 25 Bearings 28 III DESIGNING THE FILLET MECHANISM 29 Aloe fillet principle 29 Designing the fillet mechanism 29 Motor and transmisson ratio 30 Designing chain transmissions 35 Fixed roller and leaf-leading roller test 38 Bearings 41 an IV ALOE VERA DICING MECHANISM 42 Dicing priciple 42 Design the vertical cutting roller 43 Design the horizontal cutting roller 44 Motor and transmissions 45 Designing chain transmissions 50 Vertical cutting roller test 54 Bearings 57 Horizontal cutting roller test 58 Bearings 61 V DESIGNING THE CUTTER 63 Angle 63 Cutting force 63 VI DESIGNING THE LEAF-FEEDING CONVEYOR-BELT 65 Crossing area 65 Conveyor-belt speed 65 Conveyor power 65 Conveyor width 66 Angle 66 Force on conveyor 66 CHAPTER III: TECHNOLOGY PROCEDURE 68 I DESIGNING THE TECHNOLOGY PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING FLEXIBLE ROLLER 68 II DESIGNING THE TECHNOLOGY PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING THE FIXED ROLLER 72 III DESIGING THE TECHNOLOGY PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING THE VERTICAL CUTTING ROLLER 75 IV DESIGING THE TECHNOLOGY PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING THE HORIZONTAL CUTTING ROLLER 78 CHAPTER IV: DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL RECRUIT 81 I CONTROLL SYSTEM 81 II ELECTRICAL RECRUIT 81 III ELECTRIC DEVICES 83 IV PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION CONTROLL CIRCUIT 83 an CHAPTER V : RESULT AND DISCUSSION 84 I PARTS 84 II RESULT 88 III THE STRENGTHS OF THE PROJECT 91 IV THE WEAKNESSES OF THE PROJECT 91 CHAPTER VI : CONCLUSION AND FURTHER RESEARCH 92 I CONCLUSION 92 II FURRTHER RESEARCH 92 III SUGGESTION 92 REFERENCES 94 an L1 13 R1 L2 Figure 4.2: Aloe vera electrical recruit 82 an 14 K0 CC CB U V K1 W Inverter W V U M K2 W V U M K3 M K4 W V U M R2 21 22 K5 K0 W V U M W V U Inverter K0 S2 S1 S0 A2 A1 13 11 12 11 13 11 11 K11 12 K11 A2 A1 H0 K1 S4 S3 13 11 12 11 A2 A1 K11 13 H1 14 K1 K2 S6 S5 A2 A1 13 11 12 11 K11 13 H2 14 K2 K3 S8 S7 K11 A2 A1 13 11 12 11 13 H3 14 K3 ` K4 S10 S9 K11 A2 A1 13 11 12 11 22 21 ` H4 14 13 K4 K5 S12 S11 K11 A2 A1 13 11 12 11 24 23 H5 14 13 K5 III ELECTRIC DEVICES Table 4.1: Electric devices No Name CB (circuit breaker) Fuse Button Emergency stop button Contactor Inverter Relay Light Number 12 6 Note IV PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION CONTROLL CIRCUIT When S1 is pressed, K0 is on, Inverter 1,2 are on, H0 is on When S3, S5, S7, S9, S11 are pressed the motors are on When S4, S6, S8, S10, S12 are pressed, the motors are off Press S2 to stop all the system Using R1, R2 to change the speed of motors 83 an CHAPTER V : RESULT AND DISCUSSION I PARTS Figure 5.1: Aloe vera vertical cutting roller Figure 5.2: Aloe vera horizontal cutting roller 84 an Figure 5.3: Aloe vera dicing mechanism Figure 5.4: Fixed roller 85 an Figure 5.5: Flexible roller Figure 5.6: Peeling mechanism 86 an Figure 5.7: Aloe vera bone Figure 5.8: Some another parts 87 an II RESULT Figure 5.9: Aloe vera peeling and dicing system Table 5.1: Specifications of system No Characteristic Dimensions: W*D*H (mm) Value 1200x1000x1200 Power (kW) Capacity (kg/hr) Material Weight (kg) Voltage (V) 1.83 5000 Stainless steel 200 220 After being disgned and developed, the system meets 99% compared with it objectives, the Aloe rind is removed 99% capacity is over 5000kg/hr (the objectives are: Aloe peeling and dicing system with capacity 5000 kg/hr and Peeling effect > 90%) 88 an Figure 5.10: Aloe vera after being peeled Figure 5.11: Results after being diced After being done research with three peeling mechanisms, there are 56 Aloe leaves are peeling after 20 seconds, so the capacity is: 0,5x56x3x60 = 5040(kg/h) Average weight of a Aloe vera leaf is 500 gram After experiment on 50kg Aloe vera, the average weight of the inner is 432 gram The objective size of Aloe vera is 8x8x8, after design and develop we have the results: 89 an M (gam) 3,25 3,12 2,83 2,62 2,53 2,28 2,1 Bottom 1,73 1,56 1,17 Middle 0,97 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th Height Length Width Top Figure 5.12 : Size and weight of Aloe vera dice per a leaf According to the given data, the length and width of Aloe vera dice are quite equal, but the height of is changing Because of the special shape, the depth of the bottom of Aloe vera is much more its top So the weight of Aloe vera dices varies from the bottom to the top The biggest weight of aloe vera dice with the size 8x8x8 is 3,25 gam The aloe vera dice is increasingly less to the top With 50 kg Aloe Vera we have: ALOE VERA DICE SIZE 6x7x8 7% other 3% 7x7x7 12% 8x8x8 36% 8x7x8 19% 8x8x7 23% Figure 5.13 : Size of Aloe vera dice per a leaf 90 an III THE STRENGTHS OF THE PROJECT Aloe peeling and cutting system is designed and developed with many strengths Firstly, the system has high appication Aloe vera after being removed the rind and dicing can be used for producting many products, such as Aloe vera yogurt, Aloe drink… It not only save time, be easy to be preserved and transported but also make sure the food safety Secondly, cost of Aloe peeling and cutting system is cheaper than similar products on the market up to 75% Beside, the hinges are fitted on the casing to observe the process Another outstainding advantage is the capacity: 5000 kg/hr applied by peeling mechanisms Moreover, motors are used for peeling mechanisms so the system can run flexiblely base on the amount of material by turning on or off each mechanism Finally, simple mechanisms is used for this project so it is easy to asemble, mainternance and repair IV THE WEAKNESSES OF THE PROJECT Beside the strenghts, there are some small weaknesses of the system The project is designed and manufactured in a short time and have not been adjusted so the product sometimes is not as expected and the speed is high so there is noise in working 91 an CHAPTER VI : CONCLUSION AND FURTHER RESEARCH I CONCLUSION The new design is successfully able to solve the current problem: high cost, timeconsuming and food safety The developed Aloe vera peeling and dicing system had eliminated the manual labour in procesing of Aloe peeling and dicing The problem of food safety is made sure and the mixing gel with chemical compound is reduced Experimental results showed that the proposed peeling and dicing mechanisms were very efficient and effective The working speed of this system is fast enough for practical on-line peeling and dicing system Further researches may be focused on integrating this system with more previous and next systems II FURRTHER RESEARCH Although the Aloe Vera peeling and cutting system is finished, it still need to be improved to achieve the maximum efficiency in production There are some developments which can be applied for this project Firstly, it need to improve the automatic loading Image analysis can be used to determine the direction of Aloe vera leaves, reverse the direction and remove the leaf damage In this project, Aloe vera leaves after being cut and tops and buts will be put on the lines of the conveyor by two or three employers If the automatic is put on action, it will solve this problem and improve the efficiency Moreover, it also makes the system operating stablely Secondly, continue completing the system for mass production and, improving the dicing mechanism, reducing the cost but still reaching the high efficiency Because of the limitations of a graduation project, the system is scheduled for a single production build III SUGGESTION The project “Designing the Aloe vera peeling system applying to international standard ” is a highly practical one The effect of reducing workers in the initial 92 an process is so positive that prosperously, this topic will be carried out a large amount of products to sell in market With the inevitable limitations of the objective and subjective reasons of a thesis, the sincere feedbacks from teachers will be valuable lessons for us in future work 93 an REFERENCES [1] Chemical characterization of the immunomodulation polysaccharide of Aloe L [2] V K Chandegara, A K Varshney, Aloe vera L processing and products: A review Researchgate-Vol 3, No 4, pp 492-506, December 2013 [3] Pinghuai Liu, Deli chen and Je shi, Chemical Constituents, Biological Activity ans Agricultural Cultivation of Aloe vera, 16 May 2013 [4] Dr Vallabh Chandegara and Anil Kumar Varshney, Design and Development of Leaf Splitting Unit for Aloe Vera Gel Expulsion Machine - Article in Journal of Food Process Engineering · June 2014 [5] Launa Natalia Gonzalez Bustacara, Study of The Effect of The Environment Realtive Huminity on The Angle Dependent Peeling Strength of Pressure Sensitive Adhesives (PSA), August 2015 [6] Trường Đại Học Bách Khoa Đà Nẵng, Giáo trình thiết bị cán [7] Trịnh Chất- Lê Văn Uyển, Tính tốn thiết kế hệ dẫn động khí [8] ĐH Sư phạm Kỹ Thuật TP.HCM, Nguyên Lý Chi Tiết Máy [9] Nguyễn Văn Dự, Hướng Dẫn Tính Tốn Băng Tải, 2011 [10] Hồ Viết Bình, Phan Minh Thanh, Hướng Dẫn Thiết Kế Đồ Án Công Nghệ Chế Tạo Máy [11] Nguyễn Đắc Lộc, Lê Văn Tiến, Ninh Đức Tôn, Trần Xuân Việt, Sổ Tay Công Nghệ Chế Tạo Máy – Tập 1, 2001 [12] Nguyễn Đắc Lộc, Lê Văn Tiến, Ninh Đức Tôn, Trần Xuân Việt, Sổ Tay Công Nghệ Chế Tạo Máy – Tập 2, 2001 [13] Nguyễn Đắc Lộc, Lê Văn Tiến, Ninh Đức Tôn, Trần Xuân Việt, Sổ Tay Công Nghệ Chế Tạo Máy – Tập 3, 2001 [14] Nguyễn Ngọc Đào, Trần Thế San, Hồ Viết Bình, Chế Độ Cắt Gia Cơng Cơ Khí, 2002 94 an an an ...MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING GRADUATION PROJECT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALOE VERA PEELING AND DICING SYSTEM. .. the demand of manufacturing Aloe peeing system, the project is researched to design and develop a Aloe peeling and dicing system 10 an CHAPTER II: MECHANICAL DESIGNING Aloe vera peeling system includes:... Project ? ?Design And Development Of Aloe Vera Peeling And Dicing System? ?? Input Information  Capacity 5000 kg/hr  Aloe haven’t been peeled and filleted Objectives  Research the Aloe vera machine