(Đồ án hcmute) design and manufacture pomegranate peeling machine

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP NGÀNH CÔNG NGHỆ KỸ THUẬT CƠ ĐIỆN TỬ DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE POMEGRANATE PEELING MACHINE GVHD: VŨ QUANG HUY SVTH: LÊ HỒNG DUY MSSV: 14146263 SVTH: NGUYỄN VIỆT DUY ANH MSSV: 14146006 SKL 0 7 Tp Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 3/2018 an UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS TECHNOLOGY GRADUATION THESIS DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE POMEGRANATE PEELING MACHINE ADVISOR: PhD VU QUANG HUY STUDENT’S NAME: LE HONG DUY STUDENT’S ID: NGUYEN VIET DUY ANH 14146263 14146006 ACADEMIC YEAR: 2018 MAJOR: MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Ho Chi Minh City, March 15th 2018 an SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence - Freedom - Happiness *** Ho Chi Minh City, March 15th 2017 MISSION OF THESIS Student’s name: Lê Hồng Duy Student’s ID: 14146263 Student’s name: Nguyễn Viết Duy Anh Student’s ID: 14146006 Major: Mechatronics Engineering Technology Class: 14146CL1 Advisor: PhD Vu Quang Huy Phone number: Delivery date: Submission date: Title of thesis: Design and Manufacture Pomegranate peeling machine The original data, documents: Main content: Product: Dean of Department Advisor i an SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence - Freedom - Happiness *** ADVISOR’S COMMENT Student’s name: Lê Hồng Duy Student’s ID: 14146263 Student’s name: Nguyễn Viết Duy Anh Student’s ID: 14146006 Major: Mechatronics Engineering Technology Title of thesis: Design and manufacture pomegranate peeling machine Advisor’s name: PhD Vu Quang Huy REMARK The content of thesis and the workload: Advantages: Disadvantages: Project defence approval: Evaluate: Grade: (by letters: ) Ho Chi Minh City, March 2017 Advisor (Name, signature) ii an SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence - Freedom - Happiness *** REVIEWER’S COMMENT Student’s name: Lê Hồng Duy Student’s ID: 14146263 Student’s name: Nguyễn Viết Duy Anh Student’s ID: 14146006 Major: Mechatronics Engineering Technology Title of thesis: Design and manufacture pomegranate peeling machine Reviewer’s name: REMARK The content of thesis and the workload: Advantages: Disadvantages: Project defence approval: Evaluate: Grade: (by letters: ) Ho Chi Minh City, March 2017 Reviewer (Name, signature) iii an Today, science and technology have been applied very widely in all aspects of life The achievements of science and technology have contributed greatly to the reform and development, raising the value of product quality and promoting the production process and improving the lives of people For a country with agricultural strength like Vietnam, the exploitation and processing of fruit has contributed a considerable part of our economy Recognizing this problem, our team has researched and developed the pomegranate peeling machine Pomegranate is a fruit that is difficult to remove its shell to get seeds In Vietnam, most of the pomegranate processing establishments are purely manual processes We created this machine in the hope of contributing to reducing the amount of work a worker has to do, improving the quality of the product produced, promoting the fruit processing industry Since the project is done with knowledge and time is limited, mistakes are unavoidable With the expectation of learning, I would like to receive the comments and instruct from the instructors more, so that we can have more experience to better in the next time I sincerely thank all the teachers, the friend and the brothers in The Hai Limited Liability Company who have guided and helped during all time we researched and developed this project I am also very grateful PhD Vu Quang Huy is the direct guide and instruct us extremely dedicated to complete this project about the pomegranate peeling machine Sincerely, Le Hong Duy Nguyen Viet Duy Anh Ho Chi Minh city, 27th April 2018 iv an Contents MISSION OF THESIS i ADVISOR’S COMMENT ii REVIEWER’S COMMENT iii PREFACE iv LIST OF FIGURES viii LIST OF TABLES xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 The necessary of topic 1.2 The reason of topic 1.3 The term of project 1.4 The target of project 1.5 Research method of topic 1.6 The process of design 1.7 Practical significance CHAPTER 2: OVERVIEW THE POMEGRANATE 2.1 General about the pomegranate 2.2 Etymology 2.3 Description 2.4 Fruit, arils and seeds 2.5 Cultural History 2.6 Culinary use 2.7 In traditional medicine 12 2.8 Nutrition 12 2.9 Research 14 2.9.1 Juice 14 2.9.2 Peel 15 2.9.3 Ellagitannins 15 CHAPTER 3: OVERVIEW THE POMEGRANATE PEELING MACHINE 16 3.1 Pomegranate peeling machine and peeling machine's structure of operations in industry 16 3.2 The pomegranate peeling machine made by Zhengzhou Yize Machinery CO 17 3.2.1 The rollers 17 3.2.2 The perforated tube and the paddles shaft 18 3.2.3 Frame and transmission motors 20 3.2.4 Specifications of the machine: 21 3.2.5 Advantages and disadvantages of the machine 21 3.3 The pomegranate peeling machine made by Pelamatic 22 3.3.1 Specifications of the machine 24 3.3.2 Advantages and disadvantages of the machine 24 CHAPTER 4: CALCULATE AND DESIGN THE POMEGRANATE PEELING SYSTEM 25 v an 4.1 Choose plan for pomegranate peeling system 25 4.1.1 Choose plan for part used to squeeze the pomegranate 27 4.1.2 Choose plan for part used to smash the pomegranate pieces 27 4.1.3 Preliminary design of the mechanical model frame 28 4.2 Operating principle of the pomegranate peeling machine 31 4.3 Design for size of parts in system 31 4.3.1 Squeeze part (Screw conveyor and Rollers) 31 4.3.1.1 Screw conveyor 32 4.3.1.2 Rollers 33 4.3.2 Smash part (Paddles shaft and Perforated tube) 34 4.3.2.1 Perforated tube 34 4.3.2.2 Paddles Shaft 35 4.4 Calculation and choice motor 36 4.4.1 Motor of Squeeze part 36 4.4.1.1 Determination power of motor 36 4.4.1.2 Choice motor 37 4.4.2 Motor of smash part 38 4.4.2.1 Determination power of motor 38 4.4.2.2 Choice motor 39 4.5 Choice Gears transmission 39 4.6 Calculation endurance of Chain transmission 40 4.7 Calculation, testing endurance of the frame 42 4.7.1 Design 43 4.7.2 Testing the endurance of frame 44 4.8 Design electrical circuit system: 46 4.8.1 Design electric circuit dynamics: 46 4.8.2 Electric circuit 48 CHAPTER 5: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT THE POMEGRANATE PEELING MACHINE 51 5.1 Make frame for the pomegranate peeling machine 51 5.1.1 Drill on square steel to install bearings 51 5.1.2 Welding and assembling of steel frame 53 5.2 Make the part used to squeeze the pomegranate 54 5.2.1 Make the screw conveyor 54 5.2.1.1 Uses and technical requirements of the screw conveyor 54 5.2.1.2 Machining machinery of the screw conveyor 54 5.2.2 Make the rollers 57 5.2.2.1 Uses and technical requirements of the rollers 57 5.2.2.2 Machining machinery of the roller 57 5.3 Make the part used to smash the pomegranate pieces 63 5.3.1 Make the perforated tube 63 5.3.1.1 Uses and technical requirements of the perforated tube 63 5.3.1.2 Machining machinery of the perforated tube 63 5.3.2 Make the paddles shaft 65 vi an 5.3.2.1 Uses and technical requirements of the paddles shaft 65 5.3.2.2 Machining machinery of the paddles shaft 66 5.4 Some pictures of the machining process 73 CHAPTER 6: EXPERIMENTS 113 6.1 Test the operation of the pomegranate peeling machine 113 6.1.1 Test the operation of the machine when it’s empty 113 6.1.2 Test the operation of the machine when supplying pomegranates first time 119 6.1.3 Test the operation of the machine when supplying pomegranates second time 122 CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION 125 Analysis results 125 Oriented development 125 7.2.1 Improved for the pomegranate peeling machine 125 7.2.2 Develop automation for the machine when used in industry 125 REFERENCE 126 vii an List of figures Figure 1 The pomegranate Figure Fruit of Punica granatum split open to reveal the clusters of juicy, gem-like seeds on the inside Figure 2 The pomegranate trees .5 Figure An opened pomegranate .6 Figure Illustration by Otto Wilhelm Thomé, 1885 .7 Figure A stall selling pomegranate juice in Xi'an, China 10 Figure A bowl of ash-e anar, a Persian/Iranian soup made with pomegranate juice .11 Figure Pomegranate Seeds Nutrition 12 Figure Pomegranate – Nutritional Facts per 100g .13 Figure Pomegranate Seeds Benefits 14 Figure Pomegranate pelling machine is made by Zhengzhou Yize Machinery CO 17 Figure The rollers 18 Figure 3 The perforated tube 19 Figure The paddles shaft 19 Figure Frame and transmission motors of the pomegranate peeling machine .20 Figure The pomegranate peeling machine made by Pelamatic 22 Figure the people take the old pomegranate parts out of the machine 23 Figure Pomegranate seeds 25 Figure The worker is putting pomegranates into the machine 26 Figure The machine is peeling the pomegranates 27 Figure 4 Preliminary design of the machine 28 Figure Left side view of machine 29 Figure Top view of machine 30 Figure Squeeze part 31 Figure Screw Conveyor 32 Figure Size of the screw 32 Figure 10 Roller and Cover .33 Figure 11 Size of roller 33 Figure 12 Smash Part 34 Figure 13 Size of perforated tube 35 Figure 14 Front view of paddles shaft 35 Figure 15 Left side view of paddles shaft .36 Figure 16 Rollers use gear transmission 39 Figure 17 Parameters of chain 50B series 40 Figure 18 Chain Drivers in Pomegranate peeler machine 41 Figure 19 Top view of frame 43 Figure 20 Left side view of frame 43 Figure 21 Specifications of UCP204 .44 Figure 22 Deformation of the frame when simulated by force according to Solidwork 2017 software 44 Figure 4.23 Simulate plastic deformation for the machine frame 45 Figure 4.24 Simulate the displacement of the details on the frame after being impact 46 Figure 4.25 Electric circuit of machine 48 Figure 4.26 Electric circuit when CB on 48 viii an CHAPTER 6: EXPERIMENTS 6.1 Test the operation of the pomegranate peeling machine 6.1.1 Test the operation of the machine when it’s empty Test the operation of the machine when it empty to conduct preliminary tests of the following criteria:  Check the stability of the frame when the machine is operating  Check the vibration of the two shafts and two rollers  Check the operation of parts: - Rotational speed of the parts - Stability of parts when the machine is operating Figure The screw conveyor and the rollers are running when the machine is empty 113 an Figure Checking the distribution board to ensure proper control 114 an Manual of the distribution board to control the pomegranate peeling machine:  Green button aka START button: Activate for the machine operation - After the START button is pressed, the signal is applied to the electric motor, activating the electric motor The machine is in active mode  Red button aka E-stop button: Stop the operation of the machine immediately - When the E-stop button is pressed, immediately disconnect all the power supplied to the electric motor, stopping the electric motor The machine is in stop mode - This is a button that holds the function The green button only works again when we cancel the hold function with the red button Rotate the red button clockwise to cancel the stop mode function which hold by red button  Red light: Indicates that the power is running and the machine is in stop mode - After activating the CB, starting with electricity running in the circuit, the light will turn red, signaling the current flowing in the circuit, reminding the user of electrical safety, not put user 's hand into the cabinet - This light will turn on when activating the CB or pressing E-stop  Green light: Indicates that the machine is in active mode - When the START button is pressed, this light will turn on, signaling the machine is in active mode - This light only goes turn off when pressing E-stop and the red light go turn on or switching off CB  Moreover, we can adjust the rotational speed of the rollers and the screw conveyor as we would like by turning the rotary knob of the inverter which placed in the distribution board 115 an Figure Checking the START button 116 an Figure Checking E-stop button 117 an Figure Test the operation of the machine when it’s empty  Results after test: - The frame is sturdy during operation - The parts vibrate slightly when the machine operate - The distribution board works perfectly - The buttons, the lights work well, correct with the requirements - The electric motors work as expected 118 an 6.1.2 Test operation of the machine when supplying pomegranates first time Carry out the first test The weight of pomegranate was put into the machine: 3kg Figure 6 Part of the machine is squeezing the pomegranate 119 an Figure Part of the machine is smashing pieces of the pomegranate which fall out from part Figure The pomegranate's shells fall out from part 120 an Figure The seeds obtained after the first test  Results: - Many seeds are still trapped in the pomegranate shell It accounts for about 30% of the seeds in 3kg pomegranates - Total time to peel 3kg pomegranate is 57 second - The machine is quite stable and smooth 121 an 6.1.3 Test operation of the machine when supplying pomegranates second time Carry out the second test Figure 10 Part of the machine is squeezing the pomegranate The weight of pomegranate was put into the machine: 5kg 122 an Figure 11 The seeds obtained after the second test Figure 12 The shells obtained after the second test 123 an Figure 13 The seeds obtained and the shells is falling out from part in second test  Results: - Many seeds are still trapped in the pomegranate shell It accounts for about 25% of the seeds in 5kg pomegranates - Total time to peel 5kg pomegranate is minute 14 second - The machine’s operation is quite stable and smooth 124 an CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION Analysis results The operation of the machine is quite good and smooth The seeds obtained is quite high However, it still does not fully obtain 80-90% of the seeds of the pomegranate Productivity of the machine has not been as expected The weight of the pomegranates are heavier will make longer peeling time But the capacity of the machine is relatively high It can peel approximately 0.2 tons/hrs Oriented development 7.2.1 Improved for the pomegranate peeling machine Because when the pomegranate falls to the 2nd part of the machine, the size of the pomegranate pieces is still too large, the shaft paddles can’t smash the pieces of pomegranate to make the seeds fall out completely So that, improving the performance of the machine, we need to reduce the distance between two rollers so they can squeeze the pomegranate into smaller pieces And when we reduce the distance between two rollers, we need to select a pair of gears smaller than the current gear With this option, we hope the performance of the machine will be significantly improved from 70-75% to 85-90% Another limitation of this machine is the electric circuit In our capacity, we can only use one inverter to control roller and screw conveyor The paddles shaft only operates under a certain parameter It is a challenge that we encountered during the editing time and the operating time with this machine It is difficult to find an optimal spin speed for the paddles shaft If possible, we will replace the contactor with an inverter to be able to calibrate, find out the most suitable parameters that give the optimal offset 7.2.2 Develop automation for the machine when used in industry Today, production processing and automation are gaining top priority in almost every factory, industrial So that, we need to develop this pomegranate peeling machine to put on automatic production lines Pomegranate seeds can be used to squeeze and get its drink or be processed as food or medicine We can use electronic balance to weigh the amount of seed collected to conveyor be able to automatically transfer to another seeds processing machine 125 an Reference [1] - Assoc Prof Trịnh Chất, PhD Le Van Uyen Thiết kế hệ dẫn động khí Tập Hà Nội, Nhà xuất giáo dục [2] - Wikipedia the free Encyclopedia [Online] Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomegranate [3] - E-commerce www.Alibaba.com [Online] Available: https://www.alibaba.com/showroom/pomegranate-peeling-machine.html [4] - Jithender, B., D.M Vyas, S Abhisha and Rathod, P.J 2017 Determination of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pomegranate (Var bhagwa) Fruit and Aril Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci 6(10): 879-885 [5] - Nader EKRAMIRAD, Javad KHAZAEI Some Mechanical Properties of Pomegranate Peel and Fruit Tehran, Iran [6] - Screw Conveyor Calculation [Online] Available: http://www.solidsprocessing.nl/applic/jh/schroef/berekening.php 126 an an ... OVERVIEW THE POMEGRANATE PEELING MACHINE 16 3.1 Pomegranate peeling machine and peeling machine'' s structure of operations in industry 16 3.2 The pomegranate peeling machine made... THE POMEGRANATE PEELING MACHINE 3.1 Pomegranate peeling machine and peeling machine ''s structure of operations in industry Peeling is the process of separating the soft outer shell of the pomegranate. .. pomegranate peeling machine made by Zhengzhou Yize Machinery CO 16 an 3.2 The pomegranate peeling machine made by Zhengzhou Yize Machinery CO Pomegranate peeling machine which made by Zhengzhou Yize Machinery