* Directed Speech:

* DIRECTED SPEECH * DIRECTED SPEECH Các bước tiến hành Thöïc hieän ñoåi ngoâi khi ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû caùc thì hieän taïi “ I am hungry” Tom says he is hungry (say Ñoäng töø töôøngthuaät) Ñoåi[.]

* DIRECTED SPEECH: Các bước tiến hành: - Thực đổi động từ tường thuật tại: “ I am hungry” Tom says he is hungry (say: Động từ tườngthuật) - Đổi ngôi, thì, thời gian, nơi chốn động từ tường thuật khư: “I was here last night.” Tom said he had been there the night before (said: Động từ tườngthuật) * Đổi ngôi: (Đổi theo hàng dọc) - Ngôi theo chủ từ - Ngôi theo túc từ - Ngôi giữ nguyên Ex: “I (ngôi 1)want to meet you (ngoâi 2) and your (ngoâi 2)sister at the meeting” Jack (chủ từ)told me (túc từ) he wanted to meet me and my sister at the meeting  Đổi I theo Jack → he  Đổi you / your theo me → me / my Subject Object Possessive adjective I (1) Me My You (2) You Your He (3) Him His She (3) Her Her It (3) It Its We (1) Us Our They (3) Them Their * Đổi Present tenses → Past tenses Simple Past → Past perfect Present perfect → Past perfect Will → Would Can → Could May → Might * Đổi thời gian nơi chốn: Today, tonight That day, that night Yesterday, last week, The day before, the previous day, the week before Tomorrow, next week The day after, the following day, the week after Ago Before Now Then This / these That / those Here There Forms of directed speech: Các dạng câu gián tiếp: IMPARATIVE: “Hurry up, Lan”, said he He told Lan to hurry up “Don’t eat too much”, Mary said to me Mary told me not to eat too much S + told/asked/order/requested + O + V-to inf - not to inf QUESTIONS: a Yes/No questions: “Have you seen this film?”, Mary said to me Mary told me if I had seen that film “Will Tom be here tomorrow?” She wondered if Tom would be there the day after S + asked/wondered/wanted to know + if + S + V (one tense back-luøi thì) b Wh- questions: “What’s your name”, she asked me She asked me what my name was “Where did you go last night?” She asked me where I had gone the night before S + asked/wondered/wanted to know + what/where/who/how + S + V (one tense back-luøi thì) STATEMENT: He said, “I don’t know what happened → He said he didn’t know what had happened S + said/told/ (that) + S + V (one tense back-lùi thì) * CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẶC BIỆT KHƠNG LÙI THÌ: - Khi tường thuật chân lý, thật hiển nhiên My teacher said to me: “The sun rises in the East and sets in the West” → My teacher told me that the sun rises in the East and sets in the West - Khi tường thuật kiện với In + năm qua khứ She said “I was born in 1999” → She said that she was born in 1999 - Khi tường tuật câu điều kiện loại 2, “If I were you I wouldn’t behave like that.” → She said if she were me she wouldn’t behave like that * CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ TƯỜNG THUẬT KHÁC ĐƯỢC DÙNG TRONG CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT: - ask / tell / invite (mời) / remind (nhắc nhở) / order (ra lệnh)/ beg (cầu xin) / warn (cảnh báo) / request (yêu cầu), threaten (đe doạ) + O + to inf “Would you like to have a cup of coffee?”, Nancy said to me → Nancy invited me to have a cup of coffee “Don’t forget to send my letter.”, Nancy said to me → Nancy remind me to sent her letter - offer / agree + to inf “Ok, I’ll help you with the decoration of the party”, Ron said to Susan → Ron agreed to help Susan with the decoration of the party - agree with S.O about Sth - apologise to S.O for doing Sth - thank S.O for doing S.th - congratulate S.O on doing Sth - accuse S.O of doing Sth - admit doing Sth - dream of doing Sth - insist on doing sth - blame S.O for doingSth - stop S.O from doing Sth - compliment S.O on Sth / doing Sth - suggest (tha)t S.O should Sth “I’m sorry because I’m late for the meeting”, Nancy said to her boss → Nancy apologized to her boss for being late for the meeting “I know that you have just pass the University entrance Examination Congratulations!” → Nancy congratulated me on passing the University entrance Examination EXERCISES: He said, “I don’t know what happened.” 'Oh, I'm too hot.' He said “She won’t come unless you invite her.” 'I like your coat I'm looking for one like that myself.' 'John left here an hour ago.' She told me “I saw her in the park two hours ago,” said he 'I've been spending a lot more time with my children.' 10 `Jim's arriving at our house tomorrow.' She told me 11 'You can stay in my house when I am on holiday.' 12 'I'm sorry I couldn't come to visit you last summer 13 'I was sure I'd left it here.' He said 14 'I grew these carrots myself.' He told me 15 'I must say that at first I was confused by the question.' 16 “I will tell you about this tomorrow, Mary” said Tom 17 “She won’t come unless you invite her.” 18 “I’m leaving here for Dalat next week,” said Mrs Lan 19 She said “I watch T.V every day” 20 “I must go now”, Minh said  ...Now Then This / these That / those Here There Forms of directed speech: Các dạng câu gián tiếp: IMPARATIVE: “Hurry up, Lan”, said he He told Lan to hurry up... said he didn’t know what had happened S + said/told/ (that) + S + V (one tense back-luøi thì) * CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẶC BIỆT KHƠNG LÙI THÌ: - Khi tường thuật chân lý, thật hiển nhiên My teacher said... were you I wouldn’t behave like that.” → She said if she were me she wouldn’t behave like that * CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ TƯỜNG THUẬT KHÁC ĐƯỢC DÙNG TRONG CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT: - ask / tell / invite (mời) / remind