Personality Disorders Characterized by personality patterns that are pervasive (persistent), inflexible, and maladaptive.Obsessivecompulsive personality disorder: Individuals are preoccupied with orderliness, perfectionism, and control. They are often consumed by the details of everything and lose their sense of overall goals. They are strict and perfectionists, over conscientious, and inflexible. They may be obsessed with work and productivity and are hesitant to delegate tasks to others. This personality disorder should not be confused with obsessive compulsive disorder, a separate disorder. Associated features include indecisiveness, dysphoria, anger, social inhibition, and difficult interpersonal relationships.
PERSONALITY DISORDERS DR.M.ASHFAQ BURNEY MBBS,Dip Diab, MRCGP Personality Disorders Characterized by personality patterns that are pervasive (persistent), inflexible, and maladaptive Personality trait––an enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself that is exhibited in a wide range of important social and personal contexts Personality disorder— when these patterns become inflexible and maladaptive, causing impairment in social or occupational functioning or subjective distress General characteristics a Inflexible, inability to adapt b One way of responding c Lifelong d All areas of life e Maladaptive response to stress; response to social context f Can thrive if situation is right g Interactive, interpersonal disorders i Patients really annoy others ii Symptoms are ego-syntonic iii Patient seeks to change the world, not self There are clusters Cluster A: Peculiar thought processes, inappropriate affect Cluster B: Mood lability, dissociative symptoms, preoccupation with rejection Cluster C: Anxiety, preoccupation with criticism or rigidity Risk Factors / Etiology Personality disorders are the product of the interaction of inborn temperament and subsequent developmental environment Risk factors include- -Innate temperamental difficulties, such as irritability; -Adverse environmental events, such as child neglect or abuse; and -Personality disorders in parents Prevalence: All are relatively common Overall, 10% to 15% prevalence -more males have antisocial and narcissistic personality disorders, -more females have borderline and histrionic personality disorders Onset: Usually not diagnosed until late adolescence or early adulthood Course: Usually very chronic over decades without treatment -Symptoms of paranoid, schizoid, and narcissistic personality disorder often worsen with age; -symptoms of antisocial and borderline personality disorder often ameliorate Key Symptoms: Long pattern of difficult interpersonal relationships, problems adapting to stress, failure to achieve goals, chronic unhappiness, low self-esteem Associated Diagnosis- Mood disorders Treatment: Psychotherapy is the mainstay of treatment -Intensive and long-term psychodynamic and cognitive therapy are treatments of choice for most personality disorders -Use of mood stabilizers and antidepressants is sometimes useful for Cluster B personality disorders Differential Diagnosis: Major rule-outs are1.Mood disorders, 2.Personality change due to a general medical condition, and 3.Adjustment disorders 10 ... Cluster B personality disorders Differential Diagnosis: Major rule-outs are1.Mood disorders, 2 .Personality change due to a general medical condition, and 3.Adjustment disorders 10 SPECIFIC PERSONALITY. .. disorder Include 1.Histrionic personality disorder 2.Borderline personality disorder 3.Antisocial personality disorder 4.Narcissistic personality disorder 18 Histrionic personality disorder: .. .Personality Disorders Characterized by personality patterns that are pervasive (persistent), inflexible, and maladaptive Personality trait––an enduring pattern