menh de quan he relative clauses

Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí ƠN TẬP NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH CƠ BẢN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ - RELATIVE CLAUSES Định nghĩa mệnh đề quan hệ - Mệnh đề (Clause) phần câu, bao gồm nhiều từ hay có cấu trúc câu Mệnh đề quan hệ dùng để giải thích rõ danh từ đứng trước - Mệnh đề quan hệ (mệnh đề tính từ) bắt đầu đại từ quan hệ: who, whom, which, that, whose hay trạng từ quan hệ: why, where, when Mệnh đề quan hệ dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước Xét ví dụ sau: - The woman who is wearing the T-shirt is my girlfriend (Người phụ nữ mặc áo phông bạn gái tôi) Trong câu phần viết chữ nghiêng gọi relative clause, đứng sau “the woman” dùng để xác định danh từ Nếu bỏ mệnh đề có câu hồn chỉnh: - The woman is my girlfriend (Người phụ nữ bạn gái tôi) Các dạng mệnh đề quan hệ tiếng Anh Có hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses): mệnh đề dùng để xác định danh từ đứng trước Mệnh đề xác định mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí câu, khơng có câu khơng đủ nghĩa Nó sử dụng danh từ danh từ không xác định khơng dùng dấu phẩy ngăn cách với mệnh đề Mệnh đề quan hệ khơng xác định (Non-defining relative clauses): mệnh đề cung cấp thêm thông tin người, vật việc xác định Mệnh đề không xác định mệnh đề khơng thiết phải có câu, khơng có câu đủ nghĩa Nó sử dụng danh từ danh từ xác định ngăn cách với mệnh đề hai dấu phẩy (,) hay dấu gạch ngang (-) Ex: Dalat, which I visited last summer, is very beautiful (Non-defining relative clause) (Đà Lạt, nơi mà thăm vào hà năm ngoái, xinh đẹp) Note: để biết dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, ta lưu ý điểm sau: - Khi danh từ mà bổ nghĩa danh từ riêng - Khi danh từ mà bổ nghĩa tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their) - Khi danh từ mà bổ nghĩa la danh từ với this , that, these, those Phân loại đại từ quan hệ tiếng Anh WHO: - làm chủ từ mệnh đề quan hệ - thay cho danh từ người - Cấu trúc: N (person) + WHO + V + O - Ví dụ: I told you about the woman who lives next door WHOM: Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí - làm túc từ cho động từ mệnh đề quan hệ - thay cho danh từ người - Cấu trúc: .N (person) + WHOM + S + V - Ví dụ: I was invited by the professor whom I met at the conference WHICH: - làm chủ từ túc từ mệnh đề quan hệ - thay cho danh từ vật - Cấu trúc: N (thing) + WHICH + V + O N (thing) + WHICH + S + V - Ví dụ: + Do you see the cat which is lying on the roof? + He couldn’t read which surprised me THAT: - thay cho vị trí who, whom, which mệnh đề quan hệ quan hệ xác định * Các trường hợp thường dùng "that": - sau hình thức so sánh Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí - sau từ: only, the first, the last - danh từ trước bao gôm người vật - sau đại từ bất định, đại từ phủ định, đại từ số lượng: no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anything, anybody, someone, something, somebody, all, some, any, little, none Ví dụ: + He was the most interesting person that I have ever met + It was the first time that I heard of it + These books are all that my sister left me + She talked about the people and places that she had visited * Các trường hợp không dùng that: - mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định - sau giới từ WHOSE: - dùng để sở hữu cho danh từ người vật, thường thay cho từ: her, his, their, hình thức 's - Cấu trúc N (person, thing) + WHOSE + N + V - Ví dụ: Do you know the boy whose mother is a nurse? Phân loại trạng từ quan hệ tiếng Anh Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí WHY: mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ lý do, thường thay cho cụm for the reason, for that reason - Cấu trúc: N (reason) + WHY + S + V Ví dụ: I don‟t know the reason You didn‟t go to school for that reason → I don‟t know the reason why you didn‟t go to school WHERE: thay từ nơi chốn, thường thay cho there - Cấu trúc: N (place) + WHERE + S + V (WHERE = ON / IN / AT + WHICH) Ví dụ: a/ The hotel wasn‟t very clean We stayed t that hotel → The hotel where we stayed wasn‟t very clean → The hotel at which we stayed wasn‟t very clean WHEN: thay từ thời gian, thường thay cho từ then Cấu trúc: N (time) + WHEN + S + V (WHEN = ON / IN / AT + WHICH) Ví dụ: Do you still remember the day? We first met on that day → Do you still remember the day when we first met? → Do you still remember the day on which we first met? Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí I don't know the time She will come back then → I don't know the time when she will come back Một số lưu ý mệnh đề quan hệ Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ có giới từ giới từ đặt trước sau mệnh đề quan hệ (chỉ áp dụng với whom which.) Ví dụ: Mr Brown is a nice teacher We studied with him last year → Mr Brown, with whom we studied last year, is a nice teacher → Mr Brown, whom we studied with last year, is a nice teacher Có thể dùng which thay cho mệnh đề đứng trước Ví dụ: She can't come to my birthday party That makes me sad → She can't come to my birthday party, which makes me sad Ở vị trí túc từ, whom thay who Ví dụ: I'd like to talk to the man whom / who I met at your birthday party Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định , bỏ đại từ quan hệ làm túc từ: whom, which Ví dụ: The girl you met yesterday is my close friend The book you lent me was very interesting Các cụm từ số lượng some of, both of, all of, neither of, many of, none of dùng trước whom, which whose Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí Ví dụ: I have two sisters, both of whom are students She tried on three dresses, none of which fitted her Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ có đáp án I Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or THAT: The men _ lives next-door are English The dictionary _ you gave me is very good Do you know the girls _ are standing outside the church? The police are looking for the thieve _ got into my house last night The chocolate _ you like comes from the United States I have lost the necklace _ my mother gave me on my birthday A burglar is someone _ breaks into a house and steals things Buses _ go to the airport run every half hour I can't find the key _ opens this door 10 I gave you a book _ had many pictures 11 I don't like the boy _ Sue is going out with 12 Did you see the beautiful dress _ she wore yesterday 13 The man _ she is going to marry is very rich 14 This is the bank _ was robbed yesterday Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí 15 He wore a mask _ made him look like Mickey Mouse II Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or WHOSE: He arrived with a friend waited outside in the car The man mobile was ringing did not know what to The car the robbers escaped in was a BMW The woman daughter was crying tried to calm her down The postman works in the village is very old The family car was stolen last week is the Smiths The cowboy is wearing a red shirt looks very funny A bus is a big car carries lots of people The volunteers, enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly 10 Children like music are often good at mathematics 11 The engineers designed the building received an award 12 The girl recited the poem is my niece 13 The townspeople, pride in their community is well- known, raised enough money to build a new town hall 14 The Pacific Ocean, might have been crossed by raft during the Stone Age, is the world's largest ocean Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí 15 The newspaper to we subscribe is delivered regularly III Put who/ whom/ which/ that/ where… in the blank The parents thanked the woman had saved their son The factory _closed last week had been there for many years Two men, neither of _I had been before, came into my office I like the ice-cream they sell in that shop He ate the food _ no one else wanted John has got a new mobile phone takes photos The village _ I ran out of petrol didn’t have a petrol station The job for _she has applied is in London John sold his computer, _he no longer need, to his cousin 10 Teddy has two cars, one of is very expensive IV Combine These Pairs Of Sentences Using Relative Pronouns: The first boy has just moved He knows the truth I don't remember the man You said you met him at the canteen last week The only thing is how to go home It make me worried Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí The most beautiful girl lives city I like her long hair very much He was Tom I met him at the bar yesterday The children often go swimming on Sundays They have much free time then They are looking for the man and his dog They have lost the way in the forest The tree has lovely flowers The tree stands near the gate of my house My wife wants you to come to dinner You were speaking to my wife 10 The last man has just returned from the farm I want to talk to him at once 11 The students will be awarded the present The students' reports are very valuable 12 The book was a lovely story I was reading it yesterday Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí Blair has passed the exam last week, is great news A who B that C which D whom 10 The book is in the car is his brother’s A who B that C which D whom 11 The man _ lives behind my house is a doctor A.that B who C which D whom 12 Peter, _ I played video games with on the weekend, was younger than me A.that B who Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí C which D whom 13 The old building is in front of my house fell down A of which B which C whose D whom 14 We’ll come in July the schools are on holiday A that B where C which D when X Viết lại câu cho nghĩa không đổi The man is her father You met him last week _ Zoe likes the blue T-shirt My sister is wearing it _ Show me the new hats You bought them last night Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí _ Zoe has a sister Her sister’s name is Juma _ That is a company It produces rings _ The children were attracted by the show It was performed so many _ My best friend can compose songs Ly sings folk songs very well _ Tet is a festival Tet often happens in late January or early February _ Zoe bought a new phone yesterday I can use it to send and receive messages _ 10 Jack is the boy He is giving my mom a gift XI Combine the following sentences using relatives pronouns Al Gore gave a long and boring speech He won the Nobel Prize Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí Social network sites will definitely change business They are very popular Last week, Jim Taylor interviewed Sally Thomson She is my neighbour Whiting House is an important local monument It was built in 1856 John F Kennedy was assassinated in 1963 He was president of the USA This is the man I met him in Paris I wanted the painting You bought it This is the chair My parents gave it to me She’s the woman She telephoned the police 10 He’s the person He wanted to buy your house Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí 11 We threw out the computer It never worked properly XII Match each pair of sentences with suitable relative adverb Last week I went to see the house I used to live in it He used to go to work late That’s why he was sacked I never forget the park We met each other for the first time at this park The report was prepared yesterday There was a heavy rain outside yesterday Her husband was aboard in September She bought this house at that time ĐÁP ÁN I Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or THAT: The men _who _ lives next-door are English The dictionary _which _ you gave me is very good Do you know the girls _who _ are standing outside the church? Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí The police are looking for the thieve _who _ got into my house last night The chocolate _which _ you like comes from the United States I have lost the necklace _which _ my mother gave me on my birthday A burglar is someone _that _ breaks into a house and steals things Buses _that _ go to the airport run every half hour I can't find the key _which _ opens this door 10 I gave you a book _which _ had many pictures 11 I don't like the boy _who _ Sue is going out with 12 Did you see the beautiful dress _which _ she wore yesterday 13 The man _whom _ she is going to marry is very rich 14 This is the bank _which _ was robbed yesterday 15 He wore a mask _which _ made him look like Mickey Mouse II Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or WHOSE: He arrived with a friend _who _ waited outside in the car The man _whose _ mobile was ringing did not know what to The car _which _ the robbers escaped in was a BMW The woman _whose _ daughter was crying tried to calm her down The postman _who _ works in the village is very old Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí The family _whose _ car was stolen last week is the Smiths The cowboy _who _ is wearing a red shirt looks very funny A bus is a big car _which _ carries lots of people The volunteers, _whose _ enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly 10 Children _who _ like music are often good at mathematics 11 The engineers _who _ designed the building received an award 12 The girl _who _ recited the poem is my niece 13 The townspeople, _whose _ pride in their community is well-known, raised enough money to build a new town hall 14 The Pacific Ocean, _which _ might have been crossed by raft during the Stone Age, is the world's largest ocean 15 The newspaper to which _ we subscribe is delivered regularly III Put who/ whom/which/ where/ that,… in the blanks The parents thanked the woman _who/that _had saved their son The factory _which/that closed last week had been there for many years Two men, neither of whom _I had been before, came into my office I like the ice-cream that/which they sell in that shop He ate the food that/which _ no one else wanted Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí John has got a new mobile phone _that/which _ takes photos The village where _ I ran out of petrol didn’t have a petrol station The job for _which she has applied is in London John sold his computer, which _he no longer need, to his cousin 10 Teddy has two cars, one of which is very expensive IV Combine These Pairs Of Sentences Using Relative Pronouns: The first boy who knows the truth has just moved I don't remember the man whom you said you met at the canteen last week The only thing which make me worried is how to go home The most beautiful girl, whose long hair I like very much, lives in this city The man whom I met at the bar yesterday was Tom The children often go swimming on Sundays when they have much free time They're looking for the man and his dog that have lost the way in the forest The tree which stands near the gate of my house has lovely flowers My wife, whom you were speaking to, wants you to come to dinner 10 I want to talk to the last man who has just returned from the farm 11 The students whose report are very valuable will be awarded the present 12 The book which I was reading yesterday was a lovely story Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí 13 The botanist will never forget the day when he found a strange plant 14 The person who looked for you three hours ago is phoning you 15 The man whose daughter is fond of dancing works for my father's company V Rewrite the following sentences by using relative clauses He worked for a woman who used to be an artist They called a doctor who lived nearby I wrote an email to my sister who lives in Italy Linh liked the waiter who was very friendly We broke a car that belonged to my uncle Ba dropped a cup which was new Nam loves books that have happy endings I live in a city that is in the north of Vietnam The man who is wearing a blue hat is in the class 10 The woman who is from India works in a hospital 11 My sister who lives in Japan has four sons 12 The man who was wearing a red shirt was rude 13 The phone that belongs to An is on the table 14 The TV that was my grandfather’s got broken Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí 15 The radio that was bought 35 years ago was stolen 16 The girl who gave Binh his phone is his daughter 17 This is the laptop which my mother has just bought 18 That’s the man whose car is a Ferrari 19 I know the woman who lives upstairs 20 It’s the dog that I always talk to at night 21 She opened the cupboard where she kept her best glasses 22 This is the house where General Giap lived 23 The flight that we were going to take was canceled 24 The lady that I saw in the shop was Vicki Zhao 25 The man whose dog is sick is a director 26 The violin that is missing was my birthday present 27 I’ve just reread the book which I first learned English from 28 The police officer has just arrested the man who robbed the bank 29 These are the shoes that I bought in HCMC VI Combine two sentences by using reduced relative clauses She bought the car her father had recommended He lost the pen I had given him Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí We called the delivery company Nga often uses Lam met a girl I used to employ Chi called the lawyer my mother knows He brought a woman I worked with last year We employed the pianist Hai introduced The cake I bought is on the table The wallet An found under the chair belongs to Lan 10 The food Huy cooked was delicious 11 The bike my parents gave me was stolen 12 The man I reported to the police was arrested 13 The teacher Ngan asked about her problem was right 14 The writer my brother dated was very pretty 15 The secretary Dzung likes is in the office 16 We ate the food I bought VII Make one sentence from two Use who/ which/ that/ where … I went to see a doctor who/ that had helped my father The woman who/ that wrote to me wanted my advice Mary was wearing the red dress which/ that was made in France Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí We stayed at the Sofitel hotel which/ that Mark recommended to us John is one of the closest friends whom I have known for three years New York is one of the largest cities in the USA where my sister is living Ann talked to the man who/ that won a lot of money The couple whose divorce was in the newspapers has got married again He is the architect who/ that designed the new city library 10 Jerry sent me the letter that/ which was very funny VIII Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences B A D B C A D B A 10 D 11 C 12 B IX Chọn đáp án - Chọn B (Who thay cho Mr Ken) - Chọn D (That thay cho her computer – mệnh đề xác định) - Chọn C (thiếu tân ngữ – whom thay cho the man) - Chọn B (Who thay cho her grandmother) - Chọn A (Who thay cho the woman) - Chọn B (thay cho those) - Chọn A (Which thay cho freedom) Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí - Chọn A (Which thay cho tokbokki) - Chọn C (Which thay cho việc Blair vượt qua kiểm tra) 10 - Chọn C (Which thay cho the book) 11 - Chọn B < Who thay cho the man> 12 - Chọn B D < Who / Whom câu chọn hai ý thay cho từ người> 13 - Chọn B < Which thay cho The old building> 14 - Chọn D < When từ phù hợp dùng câu> X Viết lại câu cho nghĩa không đổi - The man whom you met last week is her father - Zoe likes the blue T-shirt which my sister is wearing - Show me the new hats which you bought last night - Zoe has a sister whose name is Juma - That is a company which produces rings - The children were attracted by the show which was performed so many - My best friend can compose songs which Ly sings very well - Tet is a festival that often happens in late January or early February - Zoe bought a new phone yesterday which I can use to send and receive messages Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí 10 - Jack is the boy who is giving my mom a gift XI Combine the following sentences using relatives pronouns Al Gore, who won the Nobel Prize, gave a long and boring speech Social network sites, which are very popular, will defintely change business Last week, Jim Taylor interviewed Sally Thomson, who is my neighbour Whiting House, which was built in 1856, is an important local monument John F Kennedy, who was president of the USA, was assassinated in 1963 This is the man who/ whom I met in Paris I wanted the painting which/ that you bought This is the chair which/ that my parents gave me She’s the woman who/ that telephoned the police 10 He’s the person who/ that wanted to buy your house 11 We threw out the computer which/ that never worked properly XII Match each pair of sentences with suitable relative adverb Last week I went to see the house where I used to live The reason why he was sacked was that he used to go to work late I never forget the park where we met each other for the first time The report was prepared yesterday when there was a heavy rain outside She bought this house in September when her husband was aboard Mời bạn đoc tham khảo thêm nhiều tài liệu Tiếng Anh khác đây: Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 Thư viện Đề thi - Trắc nghiệm - Tài liệu học tập Miễn phí Luyện kỹ Tiếng Anh: https://vndoc.com/luyen-ky-nang Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh bản: https://vndoc.com/ngu-phap-tieng-anh Kiểm tra trình độ Tiếng Anh trực tuyến: https://vndoc.com/test/kiem-tra-tieng-anh Trang chủ: https://vndoc.com/ | Email hỗ trợ: hotro@vndoc.com | Hotline: 024 2242 6188 ... I bought them in HCMC VI Combine two sentences by using reduced relative clauses She bought the car Her father had recommended it He lost the pen I had given it to him We called the delivery company... 21 She opened the cupboard She kept her best glasses in there 22 This is the house General Giap lived here 23 The flight was canceled We were going to take it 24 I saw the lady in the shop She... found it under the chair 10 The food was delicious Huy cooked the food 11 The bike was stolen My parents gave me the bike 12 The man was arrested I reported him to the police 13 The teacher was