Trọn bộ ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ôn thi THPTQG 2023 chi tiết, đầy đủ, giải thích rõ ràng, dễ hiểu. Bài tập chia theo cấp độ A1 B2+ kèm key Chế bản đẹp, dễ theo dõi Được cập nhật thường xuyên :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :)
TABLE OF CONTENT No 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 TOPICS Cấu trúc đề thi Phonetics Word Stress Part of speech (Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb, Determiners, Quantifiers) Word Form (Noun/ Verb/ Adjective/ Adverb Formation, Prefix & Suffix) Articles Conjunctions Preposition Collocations Idioms Synonym - Antonym Infinitive - Gerund Modal Verbs Tenses Types of clauses Conditional sentences Tag questions Comparison Relative clauses Passive voice Reported speech Inversion Language function Reading Comprehension Writing (Typical structures) Error recognition Một số kĩ làm thi PAGE 10 14 38 47 53 62 73 80 92 98 106 113 131 143 151 159 166 176 188 201 207 218 225 240 247 CẤU TRÚC ĐỀ THI THPTQG – Môn tiếng Anh - Thời gian làm bài: 60’ - Hình thức câu hỏi: multiple choice - Tổng số câu hỏi: 50 câu + 04 câu ngữ âm câu phiên âm câu trọng âm + 15 câu ngữ pháp từ vựng dạng câu đơn + 04 câu từ đồng nghĩa/ trái nghĩa + 02 câu chức giao tiếp + 05 câu ngữ pháp từ vựng dạng điền từ vào chỗ trống văn ngắn + 12 câu đọc hiểu (2 văn bản) + 03 câu nhận dạng lỗi sai + 03 câu nhận dạng câu đồng nghĩa + 02 câu nhận dạng câu kết hợp từ câu đơn TOPIC 1: PHONETICS I LÝ THUYẾT Phiên âm tiếng Anh International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) 1.1 Nguyên âm (Vowels) Là âm mà phát luồng khí từ quản lên mơi khơng bị cản trở, có thi phụ âm đứng để tạo thành tiếng a Nguyên âm đơn - /i/: hit, bit, sit - /i:/: sea, green - /ə/: ago, mother, together - /ɜ:/: birthday, early - /ʊ /: put, should, foot - /u:/: school, food, moon - /ɒ/: hot, job, box - /ɔː/: sport, more, store - /ʌ/: study, shut, must - /ɑ:/: start, father - /æ/: cat, chat, man - /e/: bed, send, tent b Nguyên âm đôi Phải tách thành âm riêng biệt đọc âm thật nhanh, không đọc dính liền âm đọc tiếng Việt Các nhóm ngun âm đơi: - /ɪə/: ear, eer, e /eə/: ea, a(re), ai(r) /ʊə/: oo, ou, u(re) - /eɪ/: a-e, ay, ea, ai, ei, ey, a /aɪ/: i, ie, ei, ui, uy, y /ɔɪ/: oi, oy - /əʊ/: ou, ow, o, oa /aʊ/: ou, ow => Phân biệt nguyên âm đơn (dài, ngắn) nguyên âm đôi giúp xác định: - ý nghĩa từ - chức ngữ pháp - trọng âm 1.2 Phụ âm (Consonants) - /b/: bag, baby - /d/: dog, daddy, dead - /ð/: mother, with, this - /p/: pupil, pay, stop - /t/: tea, teach - /θ/: thin, thick, something, birth - /z/: zoo, visit - /s/: see, summer - /m/: mother, map, come - /ʃ/: she, sugar - /n/: many, none, news - /k/: kiss, key - /l/: love, lucky, travel - /h/: hat, honey - /r/: river, restaurant - /j/: yes, yellow - /g/: get, game, go - /v/: visit, van - /f/: fall, laugh, fiction - /w/: wet, why - /dʒ/: village, jam, generous - /tʃ/: children, chicken, watch - /ʒ/: vision - /ŋ/: thank, sing * Note: - Âm hữu thanh: âm mà phát âm làm rung quản - Âm vô thanh: âm mà phát âm làm không rung quản Cách phát âm đuôi “-ed” “-s/es” Quy tắc chung: - Từ có tận âm hữu thường nối âm hữu âm phân loại - Từ có tận âm vơ thường nối âm vô âm phân loại 2.1 “-ed” - /id/: động từ có tận phụ âm /t/ /d/ E.g: wanted /ˈwɒn.tɪd / needed /ˈniː.dɪd/ - /t/: động từ có tận phụ âm vơ /p/, /f/, /k/, /s/, /θ/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/ E.g: stopped /stɒpt / laughed /lɑːft / cooked /kʊkt / watched /wɒtʃt/ - /d/: động từ có tận phụ âm nguyên âm lại E.g: played /ˈpleɪd/ opened /ˈəʊ.pənd/ * Note: Một số tính từ kết thúc –ed ln đọc /id/: aged /eɪdʒid/ (adj.): cao tuổi, lớn tuổi wretched /ˈretʃɪd/: khốn khổ, bần cùng, tồi tệ aged /eɪdʒd/ (Vpast): trở nên già, làm cho già cỗi blessed /blesid/: thần thánh, thiêng liêng 10 beloved /bɪˈlʌvɪd/: yêu thương crooked /krʊkid/: cong, oằn, vặn vẹo 11 cursed /kɜːst/: tức giận, khó chịu dogged /dɒɡdi/: gan góc, gan lì, bền bỉ 12 rugged /ˈrʌɡɪd/: xù xì, gồ ghề naked /neikid/: trơ trụi, trần truồng 13 sacred /ˈseɪkrɪd/: thiêng liêng, trân trọng learned /lɜːnid/ (adj.): có học thức, thơng thái, 14 legged /ˈleɡɪd/: có chân un bác learned /lɜːnd/ (Vpast): học ragged /ræɡid/: rách tả tơi, bù xù 15 hatred /ˈheɪtrɪd/: lòng hận thù wicked /wikid/: tinh quái, ranh mãnh, nguy 16 crabbed /kræbid/: càu nhàu, gắt gỏng hại 2.2 “-s/es” - /iz/: Nếu động từ có tận phụ âm: /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /ʒ/, /dʒ/ (Thường có tận chữ -o, -s, (-ss), -ch, -x, -sh, -z, - ge, -ce) E.g: watches /wɒtʃɪz/ washes /wɒʃɪz/ - /s/: Nếu động từ có tận phụ âm vô thanh: /θ/, /p/, /k/, /f/, /t/ E.g: cooks /kʊks/ stops /stɒps/ - /z/: Nếu động từ có tận nguyên âm phụ âm hữu lại E.g: loves /lʌvz/ plays /pleɪz/ * Note: Một số từ thêm -s có cách đọc hồn tồn thay đổi so với từ gốc/ quy tắc: say /sei/ says /sez/, /du:/ - does /dʌz/, house /haus/ - houses /hauziz/… Cách làm tập chọn từ có phần gạch chân phát âm khác so với từ lại - Chọn đọc từ có phương án A, B, C, D Ưu tiên đọc từ chắn cách phát âm - Sau phát âm, ghi xuống âm phần gạch chân từ - Chọn phương án có phần gạch phát âm khác so với từ lại E.g: A land B sandy C many D candy /lænd/ /ˈsændi/ /ˈmeni/ /ˈkændi/ => Ta thấy phần gạch chân phương án A, B, D phát âm /ỉ/, đáp án C có phần gạch chân phát âm /e/ Do đó, đáp án C * Note: Luyện tập phát âm ngày để quen với âm biến kĩ phát âm trở nên thục, kể đọc từ III BÀI TẬP Exercise Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions Level A2 A mended B faced C objected D waited A talked B naked C liked D asked A explored B named C travelled D separated A filled B missed C switched D watched A talked B passed C called D watched A played B matched C cleaned D opened A hated B watched C decided D wanted A finished B raised C cooked D stopped A enjoyed B loved C joined D helped 10 A stopped B watched C decided D flipped Level B1 11 A laughed B sacrificed C kicked D explained 12 A allowed B passed C argued D raised 13 A studied B approved C reminded D returned 14 A finished B escaped C damaged D promised 15 A finished B played C influenced D helped 16 A linked B declared C finished D developed 17 A approached B sacrificed C unwrapped D obliged 18 A watched B promoted C invited D decided 19 A wicked B cooked C sacred D started 20 A moaned B presented C viewed D robbed Level B2 – B2+ 21 A concerned B raised C developed D maintained 22 A involved B organized C impressed D carried 23 A advanced B surprised C orphaned D weighed 24 A crooked B sacred C learned D studied 25 A influenced B terrified C averaged D accompanied 26 A puzzled B wicked C beloved D confused 27 A processed B infested C balanced D reached 28 A dissolved B sacrificed C reformed D ploughed 29 A daunted B installed C committed D confided 30 A crooked B engaged C expected D attracted Exercise Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions Level A2 A names B lives C dances D tables A nights B days C years D weekends A pens B markers C books D rulers A attempts B nods C pigeons D bends A clerks B tools C stands D chairs A faces B overcomes C horses D passes A presidents B busy C handsome D besides A activities B watches C dishes D boxes A dolls B cars C vans D trucks 10 A pens B closets C sweets D lamps Level B1 11 A proofs B books C points D days 12 A helps B laughs C cooks D finds 13 A neighbors B friends C finds D photographs 14 A snacks B follows C spoons D writers 15 A streets B questions C books D makes 16 A cities B satellites C series D hobbies 17 A develops B concerts C laughs D discovers 18 A designs B streets C books D concepts 19 A proofs B regions C lifts D rocks 20 A involves B believes C appliances D facilities Level B2 – B2+ 21 A pools B trucks C umbrellas D workers 22 A programs B individuals C subjects D celebrations 23 A churches B devices C resources D wives 24 A barracks B labors C means D headquarters 25 A activities B species C resources D densities 26 A appeals B chairs C shops D schools 27 A houses B horses C matches D quantities 28 A walls B feminists C goods D fingers 29 A arms B legs C heads D chests 30 A brothers B parents C daughters D nephews Exercise Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions Level A2 A study B bury C cut D young A all B call C want D tall A brush B rush C push D crush A barn B harm C charm D fat A star B cater C half D departure A bar B charter C car D back A given B ridden C widen D kitchen A funny B rubbish C upper D student A send B member C term D November 10 A remind B get C met D debt Level B1 11 A against B martial C mature D above 12 A result B lunch C subject D student 13 A arrange B arrive C arise D area 14 A event B preserve C effect D effort 15 A toll B roll C doll D hole 16 A private B attract C romantic D marriage 17 A typist B typical C typo D stylish 18 A twice B machine C routine D magazine 19 A species B invent C medicine D tennis 20 A transfer B career C variety D afraid Level B2 – B2+ 21 A darkness B particular C market D remark 22 A ghost B hostage C lost D frosty 23 A muddy B punctual C studious D culture 24 A function B rubbish C frustrate D furious 25 A bulldog B Cuba C duty D mutual 26 A right B private C communist D minority 27 A repeat B scene C cede D complete 28 A national B landscape C courage D balance 29 A addition B advantage C adventure D advertise 30 A capacity B shortage C luggage D message Exercise Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions Level A2 A middle B mile C kind D time A spear B breakfast C fear D pear A shown B flown C grown D crown A accountant B amount C founding D country A post B local C prominent D hotel A download B growth C blow D shadow A childhood B silent C write D written A mind B while C sister D island A pie B heir C inquire D tie 10 A fame B baby C many D plane Level B1 11 A academic B grade C behave D examination 12 A appointment B choir C choice D point 13 A bowl B snow C crown D slow 14 A coarsen B road C coal D load 15 A slowly B tomorrow C allow D below 16 A comb B pole C fortunately D most 17 A sour B hour C pour D flour 18 A capable B ancient C angle D danger 19 A expand B vacancy C mate D category 20 A weary B bear C pear D swear Level B2 – B2+ 21 A knowledge B flower C shower D coward 22 A power B widow C arrow D slowly 23 A dough B mould C around D poultry 24 A bound B cough C ground D round 25 A hear B dear C pear D clear 26 A slave B cake C shape D slap 27 A invasion B liberation C photography D exchange 28 A counterfeit B courtesy C drought D outer 29 A fate B cape C tape D bacteria 30 A spine B feminine C valentine D undermine Exercise Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions Level A2 A both B bath C brother D birthday A station B cartoon C factory D after A vacation B beautiful C vegetable D understand A another B health C mathematics D theater A coach B headache C teach D such A castle B carrot C cycling D company A century B centimeter C comfortable D cigarette A century B customer C secretary D alcohol A especially B license C except D dancer 10 A nurse B opposite C surprise D surname Level B1 11 A insect B service C useful D tourism 12 A bridge B engineer C finger D manage 13 A architecture B chain C channel D chicken 14 A century B camping C activity D creature 15 A capital B competition C advice D alcohol 16 A usually B visitor C desert D museum 17 A discuss B certainly C discount D customer 18 A figure B magazine C geography D grammar 19 A absent B absolutely C advertise D atmosphere 20 A attach B branch C charity D stomach Level B2 – B2+ 21 A optimistic B terrorism C distinctive D initiation 22 A intellectual B integrate C stable D investor 23 A sympathy B method C without D theme 24 A currency B advocate C discrimination D civilize 25 A Islam B inspire C enthusiast D tourism 26 A moisture B architecture C capture D influential 27 A loyalty B drugstore C pollutant D radiation 28 A education B facility C ecology D nuclear 29 A constancy B enthusiasm C scream D consequence 30 A residential B cosy C suitable D preservation TOPIC 2: WORD STRESS I LÍ THUYẾT Tổng quan trọng âm - Tiếng Anh ngôn ngữ đa âm tiết, từ có âm tiết trở lên ln có âm tiết bật âm tiết lại Sự bật thể qua đặc điểm: + Độ dài (length) + Độ to (loudness) + Độ cao (high pitch) - Trọng âm giúp xác định ý nghĩa, chức ngữ pháp từ - Âm tiết: đơn vị phát âm, gồm nguyên âm phụ âm bao quanh đứng Số lượng âm tiết phụ thuộc vào số lượng nguyên âm Quy tắc vàng đánh dấu trọng âm - /ə/: âm “schwa” (âm yếu, đọc nhẹ/ lướt), không nhận trọng âm - /i/: thường không nhận trọng âm - Thứ tự ưu tiên đánh dấu trọng âm (Quy tắc vàng): Nguyên âm đôi /au, əu, oi, ai, ei, iə, eə, uə/ Nguyên âm dài /u:/, /i:/, /o:/, etc Nguyên âm ngắn (trừ âm /ə/ /i/) /i/ /ə/ => Quy tắc không luôn Tùy trường hợp cụ thể để xét trọng âm từ Các quy tắc khác - Danh từ Tính từ thường có trọng âm âm tiết đầu; Động từ thường có trọng âm âm tiết cuối - Âm /əu/ từ có 02 âm tiết: + Nếu âm lại /ə/ => âm /əu/ nhận trọng âm + Nếu âm cịn lại /ə/ => thường không nhận trọng âm E.g: narrow /ˈnærəʊ/ borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/ swallow /ˈswɒləʊ/, etc - Đa số tiền tố không nhận trọng âm không làm ảnh hưởng đến trọng âm từ gốc: un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, re-, pre-, post-, non-, over-… E.g: discover /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/ reply /rɪˈplaɪ/ remove /rɪˈmuːv/ rewrite /ˌriːˈraɪt/ => TH đặc biệt: underpass /ˈʌndəpɑːs/ underlay /ˈʌndəleɪ/… - Đa số hậu tố không làm ảnh hưởng đến trọng âm gốc + Các hậu tố khiến trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết trước nó: Hậu tố Ví dụ Hậu tố Ví dụ Hậu tố Ví dụ -tion/ Condition -graphy Photography -iency Efficiency sion -sion Dividion -etry Geometry -ian Technician -ic/ ical Terrific, musical -eous Advantageous -ium Gymnasium -ity Community -ious Delicious -nomy Economy -ial Essential -ety Anxiety -meter Kilometer -ual Individual -ance Reliance -ury Injury -itive Competitive -ience Impatience -ory Momery -logy Biology -ient Convenient -ute Contribute * Ngoại trừ: television /ˈtelɪvɪʒn/, Arabic /ˈærəbɪk/, politics /ˈpɒlətɪks/, lunatic /ˈluːnətɪk/ + Các hậu tố nhận trọng âm: Hậu tố Ví dụ Hậu tố Ví dụ Hậu tố Ví dụ -ade Lemonade -aire Millionaire -press (v) Express -oo Bamboo -self Myself -tract (v) Attract -ique Unique -ain (v) Maintain -sist (v) Assist -mentary Documentary -dict (v) Predict -mit (v) Commit -ee/ -eer Engineer -pel (v) Compel -ect (v) Affect -ese Vietnamese -fer (v) Prefer -vert (v) Convert -ette Cigarette -test (v) Detest -esque Picturesque -rupt (v) Erupt * Ngoại trừ: extraordinary /ɪkˈstrɔːdnri/, coffee /ˈkɒfi/, committee /kəˈmɪti/, employee /ɪmˈplɔɪiː/… + Các hậu tố khiến trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết cách 01 âm tiết: Hậu tố Ví dụ Hậu tố Ví dụ Hậu tố Ví dụ -ate Communicate -phy Photography -cy Privacy -ite Opposite -gy Geology -ty Community -tude Attitude -thy Sympathy -omy Astronomy -ative Initiative -ive Adjective -edy Comedy -ary January -ify Clarify -ise/ ize Revolutionize -uous Continuous * Ngoại trừ: extraordinary /ɪkˈstrɔːdnri/… + Các hậu tố không làm ảnh hưởng đến trọng âm từ gốc: -able, -age, -al, -en, -ful, -ing/ed, -like, -less, -ness, -ly, -ment… + Đối với từ có 03 âm tiết, (các) âm tận khơng nằm nhóm hậu tố thường nhận trọng âm bỏ qua tiết áp dụng quy tắc vàng cho 02 âm tiết liền trước: holiday /ˈhɒlədeɪ/ ˈhɒlədi/ - Trọng âm từ ghép: + Danh từ ghép: trọng âm rơi vào phần đầu E.g: blackbird /ˈblækbɜːd/ greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/ + Tính từ ghép: trọng âm rơi vào phần hai E.g: bad-tempered /ˌbæd ˈtempəd/ old-fashioned /ˌəʊld ˈfæʃnd/ + Động từ ghép: trọng âm rơi vào phần hai E.g: understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ II BÀI TẬP Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the words that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions 2-syllable words Level A2 A machine B lesson C village D enter A biscuit B finish C movie D again A travel B machine C bottom D carry A august B toilet C something D suggest A person B begin C message D river A invite B also C summer D weather A number B never C receive D people A woman B along C after D finish A answer B question C polite D order 10 A ready B famous C degree D picture Level B1 10 My father wishes I would become (become) a good teacher in the future Windy wishes she were (to be) very rich Linh wishes she had passed (pass) her exam yesterday We wish they felt (feel) better and more comfortable I wish my family had come (come) back home last week Linda wishes she would wish (visit) L.A with her parents next month Kien wishes he could/ would find (find) a new job with high salary in the future I wish I had taken (take) care of my girlfriend last night His sister wishes she knew (know) many songs and how to sing 10 Loan wishes she met (meet) my lawyer at the moment SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD It is necessary that children _ of their old parents A takes care B to take care C take care D took care It is essential that every student _ to learn English at university A had B have C has D to have Susan’s doctor insists _ for a few days A that she is resting B her resting C that she rest D her to rest It is necessary that he _ the books A find B doesn’t find C don’t find D did not find It has been proposed that we _ the topic A to change B changed C changing D change It’s important that every student _ all the lectures A attends B attend C has attended D attended It’s time we all _ now A leave B to leave C left D have left It’s important that he _ to take her medicine twice a day A remember B remembering C to remember D remembered I suggest that John _ the directions carefully before assembling the bicycle He doesn’t want the wheels to fall off while he is riding down a hill A reading B to read C read D have read 10 Mrs Mary demanded that the heater _ immediately Her apartment was freezing A repaired B be repaired C repair D repairing 11 It’s vital that the United States _ on improving its public education system What we now will affect our country for generations to come A focuses B focus C focusing D to focus 12 The monk insisted that the tourists _ the temple until they had removed their shoes A not entering B not to enter C not enter D entered 13 “Why don’t you ask her yourself?” => My friend suggests that I should ask her myself 14 She urged her husband to apply for the post in the government => She urged that her husband apply for the post in the government 15 They insisted on my coming early => They insisted that I come early 16 An accountant needs to master computer science => It is necessary that an accountant master computer science 17 It’s time for us to leave now => It’s time we leave now 18 Everyone finds it important for us to something save the environment 226 => It is important that we something save the environment 19 The headmaster insists on every schoolgirl’s wearing ao dai every Monday => The headmaster insists that every schoolgirl wears ao dai every Monday 20 They advise her to eat less meat and fat to keep herself healthy => It is advisable that she eat less meat and fat to keep herself healthy 21 Naturally, a child had better respect his parents => It is natural that a child respect his parents 22 He needs to come to the interview early => It is necessary that he come to the interview early 23 She must find it important to take two medicines every day => It is important that she take two medicines every day 24 It’s too late He must go home => It’s high time he he go home 25 Every student must wear uniform It is obligatory => It is obligatory that every student wear uniform 26 They recommended her to go to the best doctor in town => They recommended that she go to the best doctor in town 27 The man demanded to be told everything about the accident => The man demanded that he be told everything about the accident COMBINE SENTENCES Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions Sue and Brian met Shortly after that, he announced they were getting married A As soon as Sue and Brian met, they announced they were getting married B Right at the time Brian met Sue, he announced they were getting married C Scarcely had Sue and Brian met when he announced they were getting married D Until Sue and Brian met, they had announced they were getting married Our flight was delayed We decided to spend time at the duty-free shops A We have been spending time at the duty-free shops since our flight was delayed B We decided to spend time at the duty-free shops in case our flight was delayed C As our flight was delayed, we decided to spend time at the duty-free shops D Although our flight was delayed, we decided to spend time at the duty-free shops I didn’t pay attention to the teacher I failed to understand the lesson A I would have understood the lesson if I had paid attention to the teacher B Although I paid attention to the teacher, I failed to understand the lesson C I would have understood the lesson if I had failed to pay attention to the teacher D Unless I failed to understand the lesson, I would pay attention to the teacher He died in 1960 He received the bravery award in 1970 A He died in 1960 so he received the bravery award in 1970 B Before his death, he received the bravery award in 1970 C Because he died in 1970, he received the bravery award in 1970 D After his death, he received the bravery award in 1970 Electronic devices are bad for your eyes Their radiation is very harmful A Electronic devices that their radiation is very harmful are bad for your eyes B Electronic devices, whose radiation is very harmful, are bad for your eyes C Electronic devices which their radiation is very harmful are bad for your eyes D Electronic devices, which are bad for your eyes, their radiation is very harmful I didn’t recognize my uncle until he raised his voice A Not until I recognized my uncle did he raise his voice 227 B Only after my uncle raised his voice did I recognize him C My uncle raised his voice as soon as I recognized him D No sooner had I recognized my uncle than he raised his voice I was absorbed in the vivid story My grandfather told me that story A The vivid story told by my father interested me a lot B I was so absorbed in the vivid story that I told my grandfather C My grandfather told me a vivid story D The story that my grandfather told me was very absorbed He was very tired However, he agreed to help me with my work A As tired as he was, he agreed to help me with my work B Despite being very tired, he agreed to help me with my work C Because tired he was, he agreed to help me with my work D Tired though he was, but he agreed to help me with my work He didn’t take his father’s advice That’s why he is out of work now A If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not have been out of work now B If he took his father’s advice, he would not be out of work now C If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not be out of work now D If he takes his father’s advice, he will not be out of work now 10 They finish one project They started working on the next A Only if they had finished one project did they start working on the next B Had they finished one project, they would have started working on the next C Not until did they start working on the next project then they finished one D Hardly had they finished one project when they started working on the next 11 The proposal seemed like a good idea The manager refused it A The manager refused the proposal though it seemed like a good idea B The proposal didn’t seemed like a good idea, so the manager didn’t accept it C The manager didn’t like the proposal because it didn’t seem a good idea D Since the proposal seemed like a good idea, the manager refused it 12 The students may be intelligent They will not get used to dealing with practical situations A The students may be too intelligent to get used to dealing with practical situations B Intelligent as may be the students, they will get used to dealing with practical situations C Intelligent as they may be, the students will not get used to dealing with practical situations D The students will get used to dealing with practical situations although they are intelligent 13 Marry loved her stuffed animal when she was young She couldn’t sleep without it A When Marry was young, she loved her stuffed animal so much that she couldn’t sleep without it B When Marry was young, she loved her stuffed animal so as not to sleep with it C As Marry couldn’t sleep without her stuffed animal when she was young, she loved it D When Marry was young, she loved her stuffed animal though she couldn’t sleep without it 14 The fire-fighters made every effort to put off the flames The building burned down completely A Had it not been for the fire-fighters’ every effort, the building would have burned down completely B Making every effort to put off the flames, the fire-fighters completely burned down the building C The building burned down completely though the fire-fighters made every effort to put off the flames 228 D Since the fire-fighters made every effort to put off the flames, the building burned down completely 15 You don’t try to work hard You will fail in the exam A Unless you don’t try to work hard, you will fail in the exam B Unless you try to work hard, you will fail in the exam C Unless you try to work hard, you won’t fail in the exam D Unless you try to work hard, you will fail in the exam 16 I picked up my book I found that the cover had been torn A When picking up my book, the cover had been torn B The cover had been torn when my book picked up C Picked up, the book was torn D On picking up my book, I saw that the cover had been torn 17 Home schooling is apparently very successful Many people still believe in the benefits of traditional schooling A Because home schooling is apparently very successful, many people still believe in the benefits of traditional schooling B Even though home schooling is apparently very successful, many people still believe in the benefits of traditional schooling C As long as home schooling is apparently very successful, many people still believe in the benefits of traditional schooling D In spite of home schooling is apparently very successful, many people still believe in the benefits of traditional schooling 18 We cut down many forests The Earth becomes hot A The more we cut down forests, the hotter the Earth becomes, B The more forests we cut down, the Earth becomes hotter C The more we cut down forests, the Earth becomes hotter D The more forests we cut down, the hotter the Earth becomes 19 The new restaurant looks good However, it seems to have few costumers A The new restaurant would have more customers if it looked better B In order to get more business, the new restaurant should improve its appearance C In spite of its appearance, the new restaurant does not appear to attract much business D If it had a few more customers, the new restaurant would look better 20 The match on Sunday is very popular It was wise of him to buy the tickets in advance A Such is the popularity of the match on Sunday that he wisely bought the tickets beforehand B Since it is a popular match, he should have brought the tickets beforehand C Although he bought the tickets in advance, he wasn’t wise to for see the match popularity, D The match on Sunday is so popular that he had enough wisdom to buy the tickets in advance BEST REWRITTEN SENTENCE Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions He doesn’t have enough money to buy a new computer A The new computer is so expensive that he cannot buy it B Therefore, he would buy a new computer C So, he would buy a new computer D The new computer is so expensive but he can buy it I did not understand what the lecturer was saying because I had not read his book A What the lecturer wrote and said was too difficult for me to understand 229 B The lecturer’s book which I had not read was difficult to understand C I found it very difficult to understand what the lecturer said in his book D I would have understood what the lecturer was saying if I had read his book I have not met her for three years A The last time I met her was three years ago B It is three years when I will meet her C I did not meet her three years ago D During three years, I met her once This is the first time I attend such an enjoyable wedding party A The first wedding party I attended was enjoyable B I had the first enjoyable wedding party C My attendance at the first wedding party was enjoyable D I have never attended such an enjoyable wedding party before The last time I went to the museum was a year ago A I have not been to the museum for a year B A year ago, I often went to the museum C My going to the museum lasted a year D At last I went to the museum after a year His eel soup is better than any other soups I have ever eaten A Of all the soups I have ever eaten, his eel soup is the best B I have ever eaten many soups that are better than his eel soup C His eel soup is the worst of all soups I have eaten D His eel soup is good but I have ever eaten many others better She locked the door so as not to be disturbed A She locked the door in order that she wouldn't be disturbed B She locked the door to be not disturbed C She locked the door for her not to be disturbed D She locked the door so that not to be disturbed The roads were slippery because it snowed heavily A It snowed too heavily to make the roads slippery B The heavy snow prevented the roads from-being slippery C Thanks to the slip of the roads, it snowed heavily D The heavy snow made the roads slippery Because they made too many mistakes, they failed in the exam A They made very many mistakes that they failed in the exam B They made too many mistake for them to fail in the exam C They made so many mistakes that they failed in the exam D They made such many mistakes that they failed in the exam 10 Many people think Steve stole the money A It was not Steve who stole the money B Steve is thought to have stolen the money C Many people think the money is stolen by Steve D The money is thought to be stolen by Steve 11 Mary tried to keep calm although she was very disappointed A Mary was too disappointed to keep calm B Disappointed as she was, Mary tried to keep calm C Mary lost her temper because of her disappointment D Feeling disappointed, Mary tried to keep calm, but she failed 12 Even though it was raining heavily, the explorers decided to continue their journey 230 A It rained so heavily that the explorers could not continue their journey B The explorers put off their journey due to the heavy rain C The heavy rain could not prevent the explorers from continuing their journey D If it had rained heavily, the explorers would not have continued their journey 13 Housewives not have to spend a lot of time doing housework any more A Housework will never be done by housewives any more B Housewives have to spend more and more time to housework C Never have housewives spent as much time doing housework as they now D No longer housewives have to spend a lot of time doing housework 14 Because it was an interesting novel, I stayed up all night to finish it A I stayed up all night to finish the novel, therefore, it was interesting B Unless it were an interesting novel, I would stay up all night to finish it C Though it was an interesting novel, I stayed up all night to finish it D So interesting was the novel that I stayed up all night to finish it 15 Barry continued to smoke even though we had advised him to quit A Barry took our advice so he stopped smoking B If we had advised Barry, he would have quit smoking C Barry did not quit smoking because of our advice D Despite being told not to smoke, Barry continued to 16 Although I know they are from South Africa, I’m not sure if they speak French A I know that they are South Africans, so they must be able to speak French B Because they are from South Africa, they probably speak French C I believe that they are from South Africa, which means they are probably able to speak French D I’m not certain whether or not they speak French, but I’m aware that they are South Africans 17 He was sentenced to six months in prison for his part in the robbery A He received a six months in prison for his part in the robbery B He received a six-month sentence for his part in the robbery C For his participation in the robbery, he had been in prison for six months D For his participation in the robbery, a prison had been given to him for six months 18 Madeleine wears high heels to look taller A In order to look taller, Madeleine wears high heels B So that to look taller, Madeleine wears high heels C Madeleine wants high heels to make her taller D Madeleine buys high heels to look taller 19 They say that Nam is the brightest student in class A They said that Nam is the brightest student in class B They said that Nam to be the brightest student in class C Nam is said to be the brightest student in class D It is said that Nam to be the brightest student in class 20 They think that he has died a natural death A It is thought that he has died a natural death B They thought that he died a natural death C He is thought to have died a natural death D A & C are correct 231 TOPIC 25: ERROR RECOGNITION I LÍ THUYẾT Lỗi hòa hợp S – V (S – V agreement) => Phải xác định S V câu (đề thường cho V sai) - S cụm danh từ có “of” => V chia theo từ đứng trước “of” E.g: The study of languages am/ is/ are interesting to me - S từ liên kết với bởi: or, either or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also… => V chia theo S gần với V E.g: Neither he nor I am/ is/ are late - S từ nối với bởi: as well as, together with, along with, in addition to, including… => V chia theo S đứng trước từ E.g: Jean, together with her children, am/ is/ are leaving tonight - S là: one of, each of, every of, either or, everyone, someone, no one, everything, something, nothing… => V chia số E.g: - One of my family’s members am/ is/ are going to Singapore next month - Someone have/ has broken into the room - S A/ The number of: + A number of + N số nhiều => V chia số nhiều + The number of + N số nhiều => V chia số E.g: - A number of applicants have/ has already been interviewed - The number of cars is increasing day by day - Một số danh từ có “s” chất từ (tự thân từ vốn có “s”, “s” khơng biểu số nhiều) => V chia số E.g: Measles is/ are an infectious diseases caused by viruses - S cụm từ thời gian/ khoảng cách/ tiền tệ… chỉnh thể thống nhất, tên đối tượng/ tác phẩm => V chia số E.g: - 20 miles is/ are the length of the race - Tom & Jerry is/ are a famous cartoon - Một số danh từ khơng có s/es số nhiều E.g: Children (child), phenomenon (phenomena), criteria (criterion)… Lỗi dạng thức từ (Word form) - Nhầm lẫn adj >< adv => Adv.: bổ nghĩa cho V hành động (action V: go, eat, run… Adj.: với V tình thái (state V: look, seem, sound, taste, be, become, appear, smell…) - Một số adj có ly (lovely, friendly, lively, costly, deadly, elderly…) => dễ bị nhầm adv - Một số từ vừa adj vừa adv.: fast, hard, well… - Các cặp từ dễ nhầm lẫn: late – lately, hard – hardly, most – mostly, high – highly… - Adj-ing Adj-ed (đề xuất phát từ gốc từ) + Adj-ing: miêu tả đặc điểm, tính chất người/ vật, thường mang tính chủ động; + Adj-ed: miêu tả cảm xúc, thường mang tính bị động Lỗi cấu trúc song song (parallel structures) - Khi thông tin câu đưa dạng liệt kê => all thành phần danh sách phải tuân theo cấu trúc song song (đều danh từ/ tính từ/ động từ/ trạng từ, V-ing/ V-ed…) 232 E.g: Emma Watson is famous for her intelligent, kindness, and talent Lỗi trật tự từ - Has always been; - Usually st Lỗi danh động từ động từ nguyên thể (V, to V, V-ing) * To V: - Adj + to V: brave, careless, clever, foolish, generous, good, helpful, honest, intelligent, kind, nice, polite, silly, stupid, wrong… => Adj dùng cho người/ động vật + It + be + adj (for sb) + to V + S + be + to V + It + be + adj + of sb + to V - V + to V: agree, refuse, decide, hope, plan, intend want, wish… - V + O + to V: advise, allow, permit, persuade, convince, encourage, get… * V-ing: - Giới từ + V-ing E.g: She entered the room without knocking - V + V-ing: admit, avoid, deny, suggest, recommend, mind, appreciate, finish, complete… - Cụm từ + V-ing: can’t help, can’t bear, have difficulty, it’s no use/ no good, there’s no point… * V: - Have Sb st - Let/ make sb st Lỗi từ dễ nhầm lẫn (confusing words) - Considerable: đáng kể - Considerate: chu đáo, thận trọng - Sensible: hợp lí - Sensitive: nhạy cảm - Historic: có tính lịch sử (quan trọng) - Historical: thuộc lịch sử - Principle: quy định, quy tắc - Principle: hiệu trưởng - Further: thêm/ - Farther: xa - Dependent: phụ thuộc, dựa dẫm - Dependable: đáng tin cậy - Electric: thuộc điện - Electronic: liên quan đến thiết bị điện tử - Imaginary: hư cấu - Imaginative: sáng tạo, giàu trí tưởng tượng - Economic: liên quan đến kinh tế - Economical: tiết kiệm - Found: find – found - found - Found – founded - founded Lỗi ngữ pháp - Đề thi có câu tìm lỗi sai liên quan đến chủ điểm ngữ pháp học (thì, câu điều kiện, câu bị động, câu trực tiếp – gián tiếp, câu hỏi đuôi…) => Cần nắm quy tắc ngữ pháp để vận dụng vào giải dạng II BÀI TẬP Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions Level A2 The students suggested going for a picnic as soon as the first semester ended A B C D No one have solved such a difficult problem A B C D During their meat, they discussed what to at the weekend A B C D If you write the essay careful, you will get good mark 233 A B C D Ordinary Americans are friendly and not afraid to show its feelings A B C D The girl who were injured in the accident is now in hospital A B C D Thank you very much of the present that you sent me A B C D There wasn’t some directory in the telephone box from which I was phoning A B C D The man whose I was waiting for didn’t turn up A B C D 10 Women wear make-up to beautiful themselves A B C D 11 Mai and Lan have a row because they have misunderstood one another A B C D 12 The workers are building a new bridge which is 150 meters in high A B C D 13 It’s no use asking them keep quiet A B C D 14 This text is too long for me to read it A B C D 15 I can’t get used to doing so difficult exercises A B C D 16 My father doesn’t know speak English A B C D 17 She behaves as if she was a baby A B C D 18 You wanted me to tell you about what I was doing here and how was my life A B C D 19 The course is good, but more hard than I thought A B C D 20 Sleeping all day, to eat too much and never going out is unhealthy A B C D 21 What is the higher mountain in the world? A B C D 22 I wish my mother gives me presents more often A B C D 23 The teacher was pleasing with the result of your examination A B C D 24 The little boy didn’t know how lacing his shoes A B C D 25 You are quite so thin that you can slip between the bars A B C D 26 To turn on the light, I was surprised at what I saw A B C D 27 I would rather live on a farm than to live in a city A B C D 28 The school library is free and open for all the pupils and teaching staff A B C D 234 29 Why don’t you borrow books in the local lending library? A B C D 30 He had to admit that there were something in what mother kept saying A B C D Level B1 Its lack of irregular verbs makes Esperanto an unique language A B C D Perhaps no one will ever know what did happened that fateful night A B C D There was another revolutionary in microchip technology in 1971 A B C D No one stands a chance of beating Mansell in this year’s champion A B C D If he had done his homework, his parents might have let him to go to the party A B C D In the event, the extra insurance we took out wasn’t be necessary A B C D He speaks more persuasive than his brother does A B C D He forgotten about the gun until he got home A B C D Alan worked too hard at the office, and this led to his ill A B C D 10 I haven’t enjoyed myself so many for years A B C D 11 Although the dog appeared harmless, it, in fact, was quite dangerous A B C D 12 Nobody whom was at the meeting will say anything to the press A B C D 13 Thanks in Laura’s support, I was able to finish the project A B C D 14 Not many of the person in Britain speak a single word of my language A B C D 15 I will be sure you didn’t lock the front door Here is the key A B C D 16 Keeping calmly is the secret of passing your driving test A B C D 17 The fox was unsuccessful on reaching the grapes A B C D 18 It is believed for that the man escaped in a stolen car A B C D 19 I think that you are drawn up some excellent plans I must congratulate you A B C D 20 The critics were strong impressed by her performance A B C D 21 They had to be dismantle the vehicle to get them across the gorge A B C D 22 I wishes you would stop biting your nails, Brian! It really annoys me A B C D 235 23 Sarah wore dark glasses so to that no one would recognize her A B C D 24 I found it when I was looking through some old paper A B C D 25 The cost of living has increasing so much that he finds it difficult to live within his income A B C D 26 Uncle Ho’s earnest desire was that our country might progress at equality rate with other countries in the world A B C D 27 I am sure he shall not fail to keep his words A B C D 28 He very much surprised me when he said he was loving me A B C D 29 Throughout his speech, the boys were deeply attention A B C D 30 The old man is expecting with pleasure the visit of his grandchildrens A B C D Level B2 - B2+ Before pioneers cleared the land for farms, cities, and road, forests covered about 40 percent of what A B C D is now the state of Illinois The sea chantey, a type of folk music, not only described the pleasures of stations’ lives ashore, also A B C but the harsh conditions of life aboard ship D Mount Rushmore National Memorial in South Dakota has a heads of four presidents of the United A B C States carved into its face D Nest building is much less commonly among mammals than among birds A B C D The Awakening, a novel by Kate Chopin, shocked readers and cause a storm of criticism A B C D The Alaskan Highway was officially opened November 20, 1942, although much more work needed A B C D be done to complete it Sagebrush flourishes in the dry soil of the western plains, where other many plants cannot grow A B C D Modern directions of Shakespeare are not longer inhibited by earlier traditions of realistic settings A B C D Surveys show that the majority of passengers are pleasing that an agreement has been reached to A forbid smoking on commercial flights within the continental United States B C D 10 Tariffs preventing the most efficient use of the world’s resources by restricting division labor to 236 A B C national boundaries D 11 The Aleuts in western Alaska have always depended of the sea for food A B C D 12 Atoms that having different atomic numbers generally behave differently A B C D 13 Over the past few year, many towns in the United States have been joining with neighboring A B C communities to share the costs of government D 14 What makes for human skeleton hard and strong is the presence of the metallic element calcium A B C D 15 Many of Robert’s poems explore solitude, natural vigor, and silent in an immediate and modern idiom A B C D 16 To convert an angle measured in radians for an equivalent angle measured in degrees, multiply the A B number of radians by 57,296 C D 17 Serving as chief of the United States Children's Bureau from 1921 to 1934, Grace Abbott fought A B for the rights of women and children through the world C D 18 To people from temperate climates, tropical butterflies may seem incredible big A B C D 19 The first railroad in the United States were short wooden tramways connecting mines also quarries A B C with nearby streams D 20 The league of Women Voters of the United States identifies certain local, state, and nation issues A B C for study and action D 21 Fibers can come from plants, animals, or mineral ores, or they may be made from a variety of A B C chemical substance D 22 Edwin Franko Goldman was the first bandmaster to encourage leading contemporary compositions A B to write original works for a band C D 23 The tapir, an odd-toed, hoofed mammal, feed on plants, eating such things as grass, leaves, fallen A B C fruit, and moss in large quantities 237 D 24 For thousands of years, people have used some kind of refrigeration cooling beverages and A B C preserve edibles D 25 Because of it consists only of a relatively short strand of DNA protected by a shell of protein, a A B C virus cannot eat or reproduce by itself D 26 The oxygen in the air we breathe has no tasted, smell, or color A B C D 27 In 1977 Kathleen Battle was hired by the New York Metropolitan Opera, where her became the A B C D star soprano 28 The aardvark is a mammal that burrows into the ground to catches ants and termites A B C D 29 Because of the availability of trucks and easy access to modern highways, the locate of farms has A become relatively unimportant with respect to their distance from markets B C D 30 The homes created by the legendary architect Frank Lloyd Wright are still viewed as uniquely, A B C innovative, and valuable D 238 MỘT SỐ KĨ NĂNG LÀM BÀI THI - Khi bắt đầu tính làm bài, dành – 2’ nhìn qua tồn đề thi, kiểm tra xem đề có đủ trang hay khơng; - Lựa chọn câu dễ để làm trước (~25 câu): + Phát âm, trọng âm (4c) + Tình giao tiếp (2c) + Đa số câu phần trắc nghiệm hoàn thành câu (10/14c) + Bài đọc hiểu ngắn (5c) + Từ đồng nghĩa, trái nghĩa (4c) - Trả lời câu khó (~13 câu): + Sửa lỗi sai (3c) + Kết hợp câu (2c) + Câu đồng nghĩa (3c) + Trắc nghiệm hoàn thành đoạn văn (5c) - Dành thời gian nhiều (15 – 20’) cho câu dễ nhầm khó nhất: + Bài đọc hiểu dài (7c) + Phần trắc nghiệm hoàn thành câu (4/14c) * Note: - Phát âm: 1c – nguyên âm, 1c – s/es/ed - Trọng âm: 1c – từ âm tiết, 1c – từ âm tiết - Từ đồng nghĩa – trái nghĩa: từ vựng, phrasal verbs, idioms, đọc kĩ để hiểu ngữ cảnh - Trắc nghiệm hoàn thành câu: 10c – bản, 4c – idiom/ phrasal verbs - Trắc nghiệm hoàn thành đoạn văn: đọc kĩ để hiểu ngữ cảnh - Sửa lỗi sai: 2c – bản, 1c – thành ngữ/ dạng từ/ từ loại (chọn phương án chắn nhất) - Viết lại câu/ kết hợp câu: đảo ngữ, điều kiện, bị động, tường thuật…; ý nghĩa câu gốc đáp án phải giống (các phương án gây nhiễu dễ sai nghĩa cấu trúc) - Đọc hiểu: đọc qua văn => nắm ý chính, đọc câu hỏi => tìm từ khóa, quay lại văn để tìm câu trả lời; thứ tự câu hỏi ~ thứ tự thông tin bài, trả lời câu hỏi chi tiết trước, câu ý chính/ suy luận sau Việt Trì, ngày … tháng … năm ……… HIỆU TRƯỞNG PHÊ DUYỆT TỔ TRƯỞNG CHUYÊN MÔN PHÊ DUYỆT NGƯỜI SOẠN Trần Thu Thúy Bùi Thị Trung Anh 239 REFERENCES Chinh phục kì thi THPT QG – VTV learnenglish.britishcouncil.org ULIS’s Material for the National High School Exam 240 ...CẤU TRÚC ĐỀ THI THPTQG – Môn tiếng Anh - Thời gian làm bài: 60’ - Hình thức câu hỏi: multiple choice - Tổng số câu... /b/: bag, baby - /d/: dog, daddy, dead - /ð/: mother, with, this - /p/: pupil, pay, stop - /t/: tea, teach - /θ/: thin, thick, something, birth - /z/: zoo, visit - /s/: see, summer - /m/: mother,... Whose coat is this? - Look at those lovely flowers * General determiners - Từ hạn định không xác định - Gồm loại sau: + Mạo từ không xác định: a/ an => danh từ số E.g: - A man came this morning