Fertilizer Statistics Methodology

Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Fertilizer Statistics Methodology Robert Mayo Senior Statistician FAO Statistics Division UNECE/FAO/Eurostat Workshop on Environment Statistics (Budva, Montenegro, May 2013) Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS The importance of fertilizers and fertilizer statistics and indicators • • • • • • • Environmental impacts Development of production capacities; Production, imports and exports; Deliveries; Stocks; Use in agriculture; Prices Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Essential nutrients • Large quantities of: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium; • Smaller quantities of: Sulphur, Calcium, Magnesium; • Very small quantities of: Iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron, molybdenum and chlorine Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Terminology • • • • • Nitrogen – N, Phosphates – P or P205, Potash – K or K2O, Calcium- CaO or Ca, Magnesium - MgO or Mg Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Classification • Straight fertilizers: N, P, or K; • Compound fertilizers: • NP compounds; • NK compounds; • PK compounds; • NPK compounds Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Essential elements • Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O); • Primary nutrients: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P205), Potassium (K20); • Secondary nutrients: Sulphur (S), Calcium (CaO), Magnesium (MgO) • Micronutrients: Boron (B), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Chlorine (Cl) Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Conversion factors for major nutrients P205 x 0.4364 = P P x 2.2919 = P 205 K20 x 0.8302 = K K x 1.2046 = K 20 CaO x 0.7147 = Ca Ca x 1.3992 = CaO Mgo x 0.6030 = Mg Mg x 1.6582 = MgO Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Commonly used straight nitrogenous fertilizers Straight Nitrogenous Fertilizers %N Ammonium sulphate Ammonium nitrate Ammonium sulphate nitrate Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) Sodium nitrate Calcium nitrate Urea Anhydrous ammonia (direct application) Aqua ammonia Urea ammonium nitrate 21 33.5 26 26 16 15.5 46 82 20.5 32 Ammonium chloride 25 %N 20 - 21 30 - 35 20.5 - 30 44 - 46 10 - 30 26 – 32 Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Commonly used straight phosphatic fertilizers Straight Phosphatic Fertilizers Single superphosphate (SSP) Concentrated superphosphate Triple superphosphate (TSP) Basic slag Ground rock phosphate (direct application) Fused magnesium phosphate % P205 18 30 or 32 46 14 30 20 % P205 16 - 22 23 - 39 45 - 48 - 18 23 - 35 19 - 20 Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Commonly used straight potassic fertilizers Straight Potassic Fertilizers Potassium chloride (muriate of potash) Potassium chloride with magnesium Potassium sulphate Potassium magnesium sulphate Ammonium Phosphates Diammonium phosphate (DAP) Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) Ammonium polyphosprate % K 20 60 40 50 22 or 30 % K20 59 - 61 39 - 41 48 - 52 21 - 30 Examples of grades 18–46-0 11-52-0 10-34-0 11- (50-55) - Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Commonly used potassium nitrate fertilizers Potassium nitrate 13 – - 47 NP, PK, NK and NPK compounds Numerous grades, for example: 20-20-0, 16-20-0, 13-13-21, 15-15-15, 17-17-17, 12-24-12, 20-10-10, 23-23-0, 25-5-5 Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Nutrient content and fertilizer grade • ammonium sulphate has 21% N 100 kg of ammonium sulphate product contains 21 kg N • superphosphate has 18% P205 100 kg of single superphosphate product contains 18 kg P205 • potassium chloride contains 60% K20 100 kg of potassium chloride product contains 60 kg K20 Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Nutrient content and fertilizer grade • For example, diammonium phosphate containing 18% N and 46% P205 is expressed as 18-46-0 • A compound fertilizer 12-6-6 contains 12 kg N, 6kg of P205 and 6kg of K20 • The "nutrient ratio" refers to the ratios of the three nutrient analyses e.g the 12-6-6 fertilizer referred to above has a 2:1:1 ratio Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Time periods • No standard time period for reporting fertilizer statistics; • Calendar year basis; • Split year basis - July/June; • Other time periods used; • Use of a standard, calendar year (January to December) advised This provides possibility to relate the fertilizer consumption to agricultural production, yield, etc FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Statistics Division Nutrient content calculation - N Fertilizer Nutrient Content Material Nutrient Tonnes N Straight nitrogenous fertilizers Ammonium sulphate 21 % N 2153 452 Calcium ammonium nitrate 26 % N 587 153 Urea 46% N 3286 1512 6026 2117 Sub Total FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Statistics Division Nutrient content calculation - P Fertilizer Nutrient Content Material Tonnes Nutrient P2O5 Straight phosphatic fertilizers Single superphosphate Triple superphosphate Sub Total 18% P2O5 18% P2O5 1511 272 3856 1774 5367 2046 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Statistics Division Nutrient content calculation - K Fertilizer Nutrient Content Material Tonnes Nutrient K2O Straight potassic fertilizers Muriate of potash 60 % K20 8200 4920 Sulphate of potash 50 % K20 2562 1281 10762 6201 Sub Total FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Statistics Division Nutrient content calculation – N, P, K Fertilizer Nutrient Complex Nutrient Content Materi al Tonne s Ammonium phosphate sulphate (16-20-0) 5618 899 1124 Diammonium phosphate (18-46-0) 4816 867 2213 NPK compound (20-10-10) 6400 1280 640 640 N Nutrien t P2O5 Nutrie nt K2O Sub Total 16834 3046 3977 640 Grand Total 38989 5163 9556 6841 Statistics Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Further information and acknowledgements Further information available at: FAO Statistics Division: http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/ess-agri/ess-resource-meth/en/ FAOSTAT Fertilizers: http://faostat.fao.org/site/575/default.aspx#ancor Acknowledgements: The input of Dominic Ballayan and Simona Mosco is very much appreciated in preparing this presentation