Thông tin tài liệu
Chapter 2: Descriptive Statistics Tabular and Graphical Presentations TRỊNH THỊ HƯỜNG Thuongmai University, Hanoi, Vietnam trinhthihuong@tmu.edu.vn January 12, 2021 T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Table of contents Statistics in Practice Summarizing qualitative data Summarizing quantitative data Cross-tabulations and scatter diagrams EXERCISES T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Statistics in Practice Statistics in Practice: 2019 Vingroup’s annual report T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Summarizing qualitative data Frequency distribution A frequency distribution is a tabular summary of data showing the number (frequency) of items in each of several non-overlapping classes The relative frequency of a class equals the fraction or proportion of items belonging to a class For a data set with n observations, the relative frequency of each class can be determined as follows: Relative frequency of a class = Frequency of the class n The percent frequency = Relative frequency of a class ∗ 100 A relative frequency distribution gives a tabular summary of data showing the relative frequency for each class A percent frequency distribution summarizes the percent frequency of the data for each class T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Summarizing qualitative data Bar charts and pie charts A bar chart is a graphical device for depicting categorical data summarized in a frequency, relative frequency, or percent frequency distribution The pie chart provides another graphical device for presenting relative frequency and percent frequency distributions for categorical data T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Summarizing quantitative data Frequency Distribution Number of classes Width of the classes Approximate class width = Largest data value − Smallest data value Number of classes Class limits Class midpoint Relative Frequency and Percent Frequency Distributions: Similar as in Qualitative data T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Summarizing quantitative data Histogram T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Summarizing quantitative data Cumulative distribution The cumulative frequency distribution shows the number of data items with values less than or equal to the upper class limit of each class A cumulative relative frequency distribution shows the proportion of data items, and a cumulative percent frequency distribution shows the percentage of data items with values less than or equal to the upper limit of each class A graph of a cumulative distribution, called an ogive T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Summarizing quantitative data Ogive T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Cross-tabulations and scatter diagrams Cross-tabulations A cross-tabulation is a tabular summary of data for two variables T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 10 / 12 Cross-tabulations and scatter diagrams Scatter diagram and trend line A scatter diagram is a graphical presentation of the relationship between two quantitative variables A trend line is a line that provides an approximation of the relationship T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 11 / 12 EXERCISES EXERCISES: Exercise 11, 12 and 13 (pages 45-46, Chapter 2 Work with Excel: practice with SoftDrink file and Audit file, follow Appendix 2.2 (page 75-79) You can take these data files in folder Excel in our google driver I also upload slides in Vietnames about Excel for your reference T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 12 / 12 ... contents Statistics in Practice Summarizing qualitative data Summarizing quantitative data Cross-tabulations and scatter diagrams EXERCISES T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Statistics. .. Similar as in Qualitative data T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Summarizing quantitative data Histogram T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Summarizing... distribution, called an ogive T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Summarizing quantitative data Ogive T.T.Huong (TMU) Business Statistics January 12, 2021 / 12 Cross-tabulations
Ngày đăng: 12/12/2022, 21:40
Xem thêm:
