TRAO
DOI
BAO
CHi
CUA CACCAP BO DANG
O
TINH NGHE
AN
TRONG NHU'NG NAM
1930-1932
ThS NGUYEN VAN
TRUNG
T
rong cudc diu tranh gianh dde lap
dan tgc, baochi each mang ludn la
vu khi tu tudng, tinh than sac ben chdng lai
ke thu. Ngay tu Hgi nghi Ban Chap hanh
Trung uong Dang lan
thil
hai (3 -
1931),
Dang ta nhan manh cdng tae can kip frong
thdi gian nay: "To chuc su tuyen truyen co
dgng cua Ddng eho rong. Td bdo cua
Trung uang cho din bdo cdc dia phuang
phdi lam cho co tinh chdt qudn chung,
phdn chiiu rd ret sinh hogt vd tranh ddu
ciia
qudn chung "'. Quan friet sau rdng,
thyc hien nghiem tuc cae chi thi, nghi quyet
ciia
Trung uong, cua
Xil
uy Trung Ky
ve
cdng tac cd ddng tuyen truyen, Tinh uy
Nghe An da chi dao sat sao caccap bd
dang thiet lap, phat frien eac td bao cua
minh frd thanh vu khi sac ben trong eude
dau tranh quyet liet vdi ke thu.
Tir Tinh
ily,
Khu bd Vinh - Ben Thuy
den hau bet cae huyen dang bg deu cd td
bao rieng
ciia
minh: Nghi An do (1930) va
Tien len
(1931) ciia
Tinh uy; Chudng vo
sdn (1931)
va Cd ddn dgo (1932) cua Khu
bg Vinh - Ben Thuy; Chi trieh (1932) cua
* Trudng Dai hoc Vinh
Huyen uy Nghi Lgc; Tia sdng (1930) va
Lao dgng
(1931)
cua Huyen
ily
Quynh
Luu; Nhd que
(1931) ciia
Huyen uy Thanh
Chuong; Sdn nghiip
(1930)
cua Huyen uy
Hung Nguyen; Gidc ngo
(1930)
cua Huyen
ily
Nam Dan, Dac biet, thdi gian nay
xuat hien mdt td bao bet siic dac biet la
"bao mieng" vdi cae ten ggi Di Lao tudn
bdo;
Nguc bdo ra ddi ngay tai Nha lao
Vinh - noi ma bgn de qudc Phap va tay sai
mudn khuat phyc tinh than each mang cua
cae chien
sT
yeu nudc.
Bao cbi eua eac cap bd dang NgheAn
thdi ky nay boat dgng trong dieu kien bi mat,
cac td bao cdn don gian ca ve ndi dung va
hinh thilc, mang dang dap cua td truyen don,
chu yeu dugc in thu cdng (in thach), sd lugng
phat hanh mdi sd khdng nhieu Nhung dudi
sy chi dao cua caccap bd dang, cae td bao
each mang da kip thdi chuyen tai dudng ldi
cua Dang den vdi quan chiing yeu nudc, la
ldi to cao danh thep ddi vdi tdi ac
eiia
bgn de
qudc va tay sai, la tieng ken thuc giuc quan
ehung tranh dau gianh lgi quyen. "3, 4 nam
nay mua mang mat rao, nam thi bi ban nam
thi bi lyt, chang nam nao dugc hoan toan
ca cQng bdi ban tay tan bao cua de qude
TAP CHi UCH
SU"
OANG
- S6 11/2010
51
TRAO DOI
Phap va bgn phong kidn dia chu kia ehi lo
bdn suu mdc thud, bdc lot ha hidp du dudng
chil
khdng lo
eun
ehua gi cho chiing ta
."^
"anh ehi em thanh nien lao ddng! tinh canh
cua ta khd lim
rdi!"^
Thdng qua phan anh
tinh hinh thyc te xa hdi, baochi keu ggi quin
chiing doan kdt chdng lai sy dan ap cua ke
thii:
"Dem hit luc luang ra md chong su dp
buc bdc lot
ciia
phe dich thu di gianh lgi
quyin
lgi ""
, "Vdy anh
em,
chi em muon
give
vimg quyin lgi da ddi duac; muon thuc hien
hit thdy nhitng khdu hieu ddu tranh
thi
phdi
tranh ddu hdng
ngdy,
tranh ddu eho kich Hit,
tranh ddu cho tdi ky
cung"^.
Khdng chi keu ggi quan chiing dau tranh,
bao chi each mang cua cae cap bg dang tai
Nghe Antrong thdi gian nay cdn kip thdi
dua tin ve cac cugc dau tranh cua quan chiing
nhan dan frong tinh. Ddng thdi, fren mgt sd
td bao cdn neu ro nhung thang lgi, ban che
qua cae cugc dau tranh de nit ra bai hgc kinh
nghiem, duy tri phong frao quan chung, franh
cho lyc lugng
each
mang khdi tdn that.
Giua
liic
bgn de qude, phong kien tang
cudng khiing bd, dan ap, mua chugc, dy dd,
dan den cac cudc dau tranh cua nhan dan
bude vao giai doan thoai frao, de kip thdi chi
dao quan ehung gay dyng, khdi phyc lai
phong frao each mang, bao Tiin len, ngay
12-9-1931,
cua Tinh uy NgheAn dang bai
"Ty ehi trich", phe phan nhiing sai lam,
khuyet diem cua
minb:
"Xet ra cdng viec
cila
ehung ta bay lau nay vi nhieu dieu sai lam
khuyet diem, lam cho phong trao tranh dau
cua chiing ta ngung lai ma thua dip dd de
qudc tin cdng. Gid day phong trao dau tranh
ngay mdt thyt
IQi
nguyen nhan nhu sau nay:
1.
Trongcac cugc tranh diu thudng ed
tinh chat thda hiep do dy va khdng friet de.
2.
it khi tranh diu vd chinh tri ma lai sg
tranh dau ve chinh tri.
3.
Khi franh diu kd hoach khdng thdng
nhat
6. Khi de qudc dung chinh sach cai luong
lira gat quan chung hay la dimg
thil
doan da
man dan ap quan chung khdng bet
siic
tuyen
truyen cd ddng cho that nao nhiet de giai
thich cho toan the anh em chi em hieu can
phai tranh dau mdi benh vyc dugc quyen lgi
cila
minh, va vach ro tham muu
ciia
de qude
cho hg hieu ma dinh ke hoach ddi phd eho
thdng
nhat"^.
Tren bao Guang vo
sdn,
ngay
29-7-1931,
Huyen uy Anh Son sau khi dua
tin ve thang lgi trong cudc dau tranh
cila
nhan dan ngay 21 va 30 - 5 (am lich), cung
da chi ra nhiing sai lam, khuyet diem cua
cac chi bd dang khi lanh dao nhan dan dau
franh: "Trudc khi tuan hanh khdng chiu thao
luan ke hoach cho triet de va khdng theo
chien luge khi ra tran ma bd tri; Khi de qude
tdi khdng biet chia ra nhieu toan ma vay bgc
lay de tuyen truyen cho linh; Khi linh da ra
mat tran, phan cdng ndng khdng chiu cuong
quyet xung dot, lai bd chay toan loan, thanh
thu bi
thiet
hai "'.
Viee kip thdi dang tai nhirng tin
tiic
tren
gdp phan giao dye can bd, dang vien va
quan chung, tang cudng sy lanh dao cua
eac td chuc dang va tinh than doan ket cua
nhan dan.
52
TAP CHi LjCH
SLF
DANG - SO
11/2010
TRAO OOl
Mdt thanh cdng ndi bat trong phong frao
each mang 1930 -
1931
d Nghe - TTnh la
thyc hien thing lgi trong thyc td lien minh
cdng - ndng - co sd dk ehinh quydn Xdvidt
ra ddi. Nhan ro tim quan trgng cua lien
minh cdng-ndng- binh trong cudc dau tranh
each mang, cae bao each mang cua Nghe
An thdi gian nay da neu len nhQng dan
chung cu the ve sy phdi hgp nhip nhang
cua phong trao cdng - ndng va cdng tac
binh van. Td Tiin len, sd 15, ngay
15-3-
1931,
da ra "Trung cdo" cua Tinh uy keu
ggi tang cudng lien minh cdng-ndng-binh
trong dau franh
each
mang: "Cdng, ndng,
binh la ngudi ddng mgt giai cap; Da ddng
mdt giai cap
tile
ddng mdt quyen lgi; Da
ddng mdt quyen lgi thi phai ddng nhau
benh vyc va giu gin lay; Mudn ddng nhau
benh vyc va giu gin
iiy
quydn lgi, thi phai
cung nhau lien hiep lai; Mat thiet lien hiep
ciing nhau thi cdng, ndng, binh can phai coi
nhau nhu
mdt"^.
Nhan dip nhung ngay le quan trgng trong
nude va the gidi, tren mdt sd td bao nhu
Song each minh, Tiin lin, Guang vo sdn,
Lao dgng da ed nhiing bai viet tuyen
tmyen, giao dye
chil
nghia Mac-Lenin, nang
cao trinh do giac ngd chinh tri cua quan
chiing, nhu "Bale cong xd 18-3-1871" va
"Lenin thdnh lap Quoc ti Cong sdn 19-3-
1919" (Tiin len, ngay 12-2-1932), "Ky
niim phu nd lao dgng van dgng" (Song
cdch minh, ngay 15-3-1932) Nhiing bai
viet nay dem den cho quan chung nhiing
hieu biet ve y nghia eua ngay truyen thdng
gin chat vdi thuc te each mang cua nude
nha.
Dudi sy ehi dao sat sao cua cae cap bd
dang tren mat tran tuyen fruyen ed ddng,
bao chi each mang NgheAn thdi gian nay
da kip thdi dua
chii
truang, chinh sach cua
Dang ddn vdi quan chung, phan anh rd cae
cugc dau tranh cua nhan dan lao ddng dudi
sy lanh dao cua Dang Baochi vd san trd
thanh thu vu khi sac ben ma caccap bd
dang NgheAn ludn coi trgng frong viec chi
dao va phat huy
sue
manh. Ra ddi va
trudng thanh frong nggn
liia
Xdviet Nghe -
TTnh, tdn tai trongnhung dieu kien eye ky
khd khan va cdn nhieu ban che trong ngay
dau thanh lap, nhungcac td bao cua cae
cap bd dang NgheAn da lam frdn frgng
frach la "nhiing ngudi cd ddng va tuyen
truyen tap the", phan anh vai frd,
sil
menh
ve vang
ciia
bao chi
each
mang frong cudc
dau tranh each mang cua Dang bg va nhan
dan tinhNghe An.
1.
Dang Cong san Viet Nam:
Vdn kien Ddng
Todn
tap,
CTQG, H, T.
3,
tr. 98
3,
7. Bao
Guang vo
sdn,
so ra ngay
1-7-1931;
ngay
29-7-1931,
luu tai Bao tang Tong
hgp
Nghe
An,
Ky
hieu LV 57
2,
4,
5.
Bao
Lao dong
so 2 ra ngay 20-9-1931
va so ngay 20-9-1930, luu tai Bao tang Tong hgp
Nghe An, Ky hieu LV 57
6, 8. Bao
Tien
len,
so ra ngay 15-3-1931; 12-
9-1931,
luu
tai Bao tang Tong hgp Nghe An, Ky
hieu LV 57.
TAP CHi UCH
SLF
OANG - S6
11/2010
53
. truang, chinh sach cua
Dang ddn vdi quan chung, phan anh rd cae
cugc dau tranh cua nhan dan lao ddng dudi
sy lanh dao cua Dang Bao chi vd san trd
thanh. phan anh vai frd,
sil
menh
ve vang
ciia
bao chi
each
mang frong cudc
dau tranh each mang cua Dang bg va nhan
dan tinh Nghe An.
1.
Dang Cong san