Điều kiển máy giặt sử dụng các thuật toán thông minh trên nền vi điều khiển

Le Thj Thu Huy€n vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 132(02): 37-42 DIEU KHIEN MAY GIAT S I ^ D y N G CAC T H U A T TOAN T H O N G M I N H TREN NEN VI DIEU KHIEN L6 Thi Thu Huy£n', Hoang Thi Thuang, Vu Thj Oanh Truang Bai HQC Cong nghe Thong tin vd Truyen thong - DH Thai Nguyen TOM TAT Mdy giat la mgt thilt bj ph6 biSn hi6n cac gia dinh No giup nguoi giai phong dugc sure lao d6ng vi tiet kifm thai gian Hau het moi ngu6i se nhan thay thdi gian giat may giat phu thugc vio rSt nhilu yeu to nhu: khoi lugng cua qu3n ao, bin ciia quAn Cac may giat sir dung (nhiing loai khong su dung dilu khiln md) c6 cac thdng s6 vl thdi gian giat ta hoin toan phai cai dat bang tay qua cdc niit an hoac cong tac, viec lam giam di tinh ty dgng hoa cung nhu hi6u suSt cua may giat Bai bao trinh bay cac y tudng vl viec kilm scat thdi gian giat sCr dung b^ dieu khien logic md va thuc nghilm kilm chung Bai bao md ta cac budc cd thi dugc su dung dl co dugc mdt thdi gian giat phit hgp Qua trinh hoan Xohxi dua tren nguyen tac lay dau vao khong chinh xac tir cac cam biin, dua vao bg dilu khiln md dl cd gia tri r5 diiu la thdi gian gi§t Phuong phap cd thi dugc sii dung thuc tl dl dilu khiln tu dgng may giat Til' khda: mdy giat, diiu khien md, vi dieu khien DAT VAN DE Ngay nay, nhilu trang thilt bi dugc si> dung bg logic mo nham nang cao hieu qua su dung ciia thilt bi Chijng ta co the tim thay logic mo cac thilt bi nhu camera, noi com dien, may hiit bui, Tir do, chung ta thay ring CO thi hoan toan ling dung logic mb de nang cao hieu qua su dung cho may giat Trong may giat nguoi ta thuong quan tam den hai dai lugng miic ban va kh6i lugng quan ao nhim tim thoi gian giat t6i uu cho may giat Muc ban (dirtiness of Clothes) dugc xac dinh qua dp due cua nude Trong bai bao chiing toi trinh bay vl cong nghe gijt sir dung bo dieu khien mb tren nen vi dilu khiln DSPIC30F5011 TONG QUAN VE CONG NGHE GIAT Qua trinh giat v^ ban chat ma noi la su pha vG lyre bam cua cac chit ban tren d6 vat giat Qua trinh dugc thuc hien nho nude, dung dich giat va luc ma sat co Ban than nude co the khic phuc luc bam co va luc tmh dien, ngoai co thi xky cac chat bin long va mgt phan chat ban rin Khi bpt giat tan nude, cac phan tu hoat tinh cua no cd the lam giam lire truong be mat ' Tel 0915 812587 Email: llthuyen@iclu.edu cua nude lam cho vat giat de tham nude, tham dau dong thdi bao vay chat dau va pha lire bam cCia chung tren vat giat Ngoai CO tac dung lam cho cac chat ban mem ra, ra va noi len Luc ma sat ca lam cho vat giat bi dao len, bien dang di va nhu vay dung djch giat de di chuyen sgi vai, cha xat len v^t do phat buy het tac dung ciia no la lam chat ban rdi khoi vat giat Nguyen ly ca ban vl tly bin ciia may giat la mo phong viec giat bang tay ma phat trien len, tuc la qua cac budc dao vat giat chau giat, xat, v6 chai nude va dudi tac dung hoat hoa b8 mat ciia dung djch giat lam cho vit bin tren d6 vat mat di Hinhl.l ve minh hga mo ta nguyen ly tay ban ptgnmJuDidlJl^ ^iim> Hinh I: Nguyen ly toy ban TONG QUAN VE LOGIC M6 Tap md F xac dinh tren tap nen X la mgt tap ma cac phan tu cCia no la mgt cap gia tri [x,^,,(x)), xeX va //, (x) la anh xa 37 Le Thj Thii Huyen vo Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE M,:X^(OJ) (1) Anh xa /Jj, dugc ggi la ham lien thuoc (hoac ham phu thugc) cua tap md F Nhu vay co the bieu dien duoc tap md F nhu sau: F = {(X,/(^(X))|A:SX} (2) Cac tham so lien quan den tap md Do cao tap ma: Dp cao tap md F dugc djnh nghTa tren tap nen X la gia trj: h =sup/i,,(jc) Ky hieu supfip(x) chi tat c a ' ^ c gia trj nho nhat tf&iig cac gia trj chan tren cua ham /J^, (x) Mot tap md co it nhat c6 it nhat mot phan tii CO phu thugc bang dugc ggi la tap md chinh tac nghTa la tap md c6 cao /? = I, ngugc l?i tap md dugc ggi la tap md khong chinh tac xac dinh qua dp due ciia nude ) e tu dgng hoa qua trinh tinh thdi gian giat ^ 'Ling ta co the sii dung nhiing phin ti^ sensors de phat hien nhiing tham so muc dp ban va khoi luong quan ao sau thdi gian gial dupe xac dinh tu cac dir lieu Tuy nhien, khong dl CO moi quan he toan hgc chinh xac giiia ban, khoi lugng quin ao va thdi gian giat Chiing ta giai quyet vin dl thiet ke bang each sii' dung logic md nhu hinh 3: Mien xac dinh cua tap md: Mien tin cay ciia tap md F dugc djnh nghTa tren tap nen X dugc ky hieu la T, la tap ciia tap nin X thda man: Dirtiness of clothes Hinh 3: Bd dieu khiin md cho mdy giat Chiing ta xay dung he thong md nhu sau: Co hai tri nhap vao : ( 1) Mot cho ban tren quin ao ( 2) Mgt cho khoi lugng quin ao Hai dau vao thu dugc tir phin tii sensors dp due va loadcell Do bin dupe xac dinh bdi sir su6t cua nude Nhu vay mot he Hinh 2: Mien tin cay vd mien xdc dinh cua tap md thong phan tu sensors nh^y co thi cung.cip XAY Dl/NG BO DIEU KHIEN MCJ nhiing diu vao can thilt dugc nhap vao cho Ngay nhieu trang thilt bj dugc nhung bp dieu khien md ciia chung ta vao no logic md dl cho viec sii Nhirng gia tri cho bin va loai chit bin la dung cac thilt bi dugc dl dang hon, hieu qua da dugc chuin hoa ( pham vi tii tdi 100) han Chung ta co the tim thiy logic md dugc cho bdi gia trj phan tu sensors cac thiet hi nhu camera, noi com di?n, may Vdi biin ngdn ngii Do bin cd cac tap md: hut bui, Tir do, chung ta thay ring co thi Bin it (D.Small) hoan toan ung dung logic md dl nang cao Ban vira (D.Medium) hieu qua su dung cho may giat Trong may giat ngudi ta thudng quan tam din hai dai lugng miic bin va kh6i lugng quin ao nham tim thdi gian giat t6i uu cho may giat Mirc bin (dirtiness of Clothes) dugc 38 Ban nhieu (D.Large) Vdi biin ngon ngu loai khdi luong cd cac tSp md: Nhe (M.Light) Le Thi Thu Huyin vd Dtg T?p chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Vua (M.Medium) i Bang 1: Bdng ludt hgp thdnh tinh thdi gian D.Small D.Medium D.Large M-Light T VeryShort T.Short T.Medium Nang (M.Heavy) Vdi bien ngon ngir ket luan xac dinh thdi gian giat CO cac tap md: 132(02): - M.Medium T Medium T.Medium T Long Giat ngin (T.Short) M.Heavy T Long T Long T.Vety Long Giat vua (T.Medium) Ham vien Ham vien ciia ban: D.Small (x) = — — nSii < a: < 50 Gi^t rit ngin (T.VeryShort) Giat lau (T.Long) Gi^t rit lau (T.Very Long) Tap luat hop thdnh Luat hgp thinh quyet dinh lam cho kha nang mgt md la bg dilu khiln dugc lap luat mgt tap hgp nhiing quy tac Noi chung, nhirng quy tic dua tren kinh nghi8m van hanh la chinh M$t quy tac ti8u bieu nhu sau : Neu khoi lufmg quan nhieu va su suot it thi thai gian giat can phai lau Tir nhiing sy ket hgp khac cua nhirng lu$t va nhiing dilu kien khac, chiing ta viet nhiing quy tic can thi8t de xay dung bO dieu khien may gi5t Ggi x: chi ban (0 ^ x < 100) y: chi la kh6i luong (0 < y < 100) z: Thdi gian giat (0 < z < 60) Ta CO luat cho may giat: Neu X la Large va y la Heavy thi z la VeryLong; NIU X la Medium va y la Heavy thi z la Long; Neu X la Small va y la Heavy thi z la Long; NIU X la Large va y la Medium thi z is Long; 50 nSii 50 < 1-