Cuốn sách Một số dạng bài tập điền từ tiếng Anh có cấu trúc gồm 3 phần: Gap - Filling; fill each of the following blanks with one word; choose the best word or phrase to complete each sentence Keys. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo nội dung phần 1 cuốn sách.
k\ L V 1 ENGLISH GAP-FILL EXERCISE mmm mm ^3 NHÀ XUÂT BAN DAI HOC sir PHAM -m TRẦN MẠNH TƯỊNG BÀI TẬP ĐIỂN TỪ TIÍNG ANH -Dùng cho giáo viên, sinh viên học sinh THPT ôn thi tú tài ĐH - Luyện thi chứng quốc gia A, B, NHÀ XUẤT BẢN ĐẠI HỌC SƯPHẠM BAI TAP DIEN TLf ■ PART I: GAP - FILLING T E ST l bend strong slides problem rows fastens on to long off holds flexible wonderful I apart embarrassing j The zipper is a (1) _ invention How did people ever live without zippers? They are very common, so we forget that they are wonderful They are very (2) _ , but they open and close very easily They come in many colors and sizes In the 1890s, people in the United States wore high shoes with a (3) _ row of buttons Women’s clothes often had (4) _ of buttons too People wanted an easier way to put (5) _ and take (6) clothes Whitcomb L Judson invented the zipper in 1893 He was an engineer in Chicago He called the zipper a slide fastener However, it didn’t stay closed very well This was (7) _ and people didn’t buy many of them Then Dr Gideon Sundback from Sweden solved this problem A zipper has three parts There are dozens of metal or plastic hooks (called teeth) in two rows These are fastened (8 ) _ two strips of cloth The cloth strips are (9) _ They (10) ■ easily A fastener slides the hooks together When it along and (11) (12) the other way, it takes the hooks (13) Dr Sundback put the hooks on the strips of cloth The cloth (14) _ all the hooks in place They don’t come apart very easily This solved the (15) _ of the first zippers TEST world useful behind against life only carry object rainy ordinary off important old use fold up The umbrella is a very ordinary (1) _ It keeps the rain and the sun (2) _ people Most umbrellas (3) _ so it is easy to carry them However, the umbrella did not begin (4) _ as an (5) _ object It was a sign of royalty or importance Some Afiican tribes still (6) _ umbrellas in this way today Someone carries an umbrella and walks (7) _ the kings or (8) _ person Umbrella are very (9) _ The Chinese had them in the eleventh century B.C From there they traveled to India Persia, and Egypt In Greece and Rome, men wouldn’t use them They believed umbrellas were (10) _ for women When the Spanish explorers went to Mexico, they saw the Aztec kings using umbrellas English explorers saw Native American princes carrying umbrellas on the east coast of North America It seems that people in different parts of the (11) _ invented umbrellas at different times England was probably the first country in Europe where ordinary people used umbrellas (12) _ the rain England has a (13) _ climate, and umbrellas are very (14) there Everybody uses umbrellas today The next time you (15) _ one, remember that for centuries only great men and women used them Perhaps you are really a king or queen, a princess or prince TEST active breathe moist called colourful classified divided protected surrounded fertilized Snails belong to a large group of animals (1) molluscs Snails have soft bodies that are (2) _ by hard shells Snails may be (3) _ into two types: land snails and water snails It is very important for the snail to keep its body (4) _ otherwise, the snail will die Land snails can therefore be found in damp and shady places These snails are thus most (5) _ on rainy days or at night as the weather is much cooler then Most land snails feed on the leaves and buds of plants Some snails feed on decaying plant material Land snails are not (6) _ into two separate sexes Their bodies produce both eggs and sperm Such animals are said to be hermaphrodites However, a land snail cannot reproduce by itself The egg of a snail must be (7) _ by the sperm of another snail to produce an offspring Water snails not have a problem keeping their bodies moist because they are always (8) _ by water Most water snails (9) _ through lungs and thus have to come to the surface of the water to breathe Like land snails, most water snails feed on plants Some water snails are freshwater species, while others live in the sea The shells of snails which live in the sea are often very (10) _ TEST exercise pedals direction popular hurt space become fi’ont invented difficult pick up comfortable seat better brought Bicycles are (1) _ around the world People ride their bicycles for (2) _ ^ andenjoyment.In some places, people use a bicycle to get to work But whoinvented the first bicycle? In 1971, aFrenchman namedComte de Sivrac (3) and owned the first bicycle Mr Sivrac rode the bicycle in Paris The handles for the hands and the (4) _ looked like a horse and were wooden This bicycle was very (5) _ to move A rider had to (6) _ the (7) wheel to change direction (A bicycle moves on two wheels, a car on four) Finally, it had no brakes to stop it or (8) for the feet In 1817, a German named Baron von Drais de Sauerbrun made the first bicycle (9) _ The seat was more (10) _ The wheel could change (11) _ His ride in the forest took only one hour instead of three hours on foot! Sauerbrun (12) _ this kind of bicycle from Germany to France Then, Denis Johnson, an Englishman, made a bicycle for women It had (13) _ for their dresses to hang down But these bicycles still had no blakes or pedals, and people often got (14) _ These bicycles and the people who rode them were not very popular It took another forty-five yeais for the bicycle to (15) popular again Over 100 years later, bicycle riding is even more popular than ever There are bicycles in India and China In fact, there are more bicycles than cars in the United States today! TESTS future than Are balance about about for more about bad lot eat now People better How are we going to eat in the future? Because we now know (1) _ the importance of nutrition, we will probably continue to eat more fish and vegetables and less meat We will buy convenience foods in supermarkets because fi-ozen foods will be more nutritious and cannel foods will have less salt and sugar In the (2) _ , our diet will probably be even (3) _ interesting and healthful (4) it is (5) _ In many countries, food is a very common topic of conversation (6) _ are always discussing new dishes, restaurants, diet plans, and ideas (7) _ nutrition The arguments (8) _ the best diets and foods will continue: (9) _ vegetarians really healthy? Is a highfiber diet with a (10) _of raw fruits and vegetables (11) _ than a diet of cooked foods? Is a little alcohol good (12) _ relaxation, or is all alcohol harmful? Is some caffeine good for energy, or is caffeine always (13) _ ? can yellow vegetables really prevent cancer? Will eating garlic help avoid heart attacks? One thing we know for sure: The key to good nutrition is balance How we achieve that (14) _ ? We can choose foods from a variety of sources, and control the quantities that we (15) _ TEST whether out where full how from ask answer Dentists always (1) _ questions when it is impossible you to answer My dentist had just pulled out of my teeth and had told me their primary education at the age of six Education at this level lasts years and it is (3) _ for all children Middle schools teach students from grade to this educational level is generalized (4) most of the country - except in very remote provinces, which expect to popularize and standardize middle education fully within the next few yeas (5) is also a non compulsory schooling form in Vietnam High school, which consists of grades 10, 11 and 12 is standardized in all major urban regions, but is not (6) in rural provinces After high school terms, all students must attend a (7) _ test, held by Province’s education service This test often consists of subjects differently selected each year but has to contam the compulsory ones: Foreign Language (mostly English), Mathematics and Literature The Vietnamese government intends to merge this test with the university (8) _ test in 2009 University Entrance Examination is very important in Vietnamese student’s lives High school (9) _ have to take it after the SGE and get high results to be admitted to universities In addtion to universities, there are community colleges, art and technology institutes, professional secondary schools, and vocational schools which offers (10) fi'om a-few-month year courses manages succeed individual begins comparison directly operate process (sam company iidea different SMALL BUSINESS When consumers want to buy something — food, clothes, furniture, or books - they most often go to a retail store Retail stores sell (1) _ to the consumer Mainy retail stores are small business In the United States, ninety-sieven percent of the businesses are small businesses They are an important part of the marketing (2) _ small businesses are businesses that are small in (3) _ to large companies These small businesses (4) _ less than $2 million a year They are usually owned by an (5) or a partnership (two or more people who own the business together) The owner very often (6) _ the business, and there are not many employees In the 1960s, a new (7) _ for retail ownership became very popular in the United States This was the franchise store The franchise store allows an individual to own and (8) _ a small business with better chance of success If someone (9) a small business such as a restaurant or a dress shop, it is sometimes difficult to (10) _ alone With a franchise, the new owner has the name and the help of a well-known business and is more likely to succeed Many restaurant are fi-anchise businesses Some of them are Mac Donalds, Burger King, Kentucky Fried Chicken, and Pizza Hut Each restaurant has a (11) _ owner The owner owns the business, but the (12) _ gives-the owner the name and the menu and a lot of help with the business Franchises give owners of small business a better chance of success TEST 105 knows collect calculate charge age protection chance insures profit company INSURANCE PREMIUMS AND PROBABILITY Insurance is based on probability or odds The (1) _ of something happening is its probability For example, insurance companies (2) _ statistics which show how many people die at what (3) _ each year or how many fires there are each year The insurance company uses these statistics to (4) _ insurance premiums Premiums are the amount of money that an individual or business pays for insurance (5) Here is an example of how the (6) _ calculates the premiums It (7) _ that percent of the people who are 50 years old will die next year If the company (8) 1,000 people who are 50 years old, they know that 20 people will die If the twenty people are insured for $100,000 each, then the company must pay $2,000,000 Therefore, they will (9) _ the 1,000 insured people $2,000,000 plus the costs and (10) _ for the company This is a very simple example, but all insurance premiums are based on the probability or odds of something happening PART II FILL EACH OF THE FOLLOWING BLANKS WITH ONE WORD TESTl Learning a foreign language has been a most (1) _ experience for me, but (2) _ that I wouldn’t trade for anything Not (3) _ did learning another language teach me the value of hard work, but it also gave me insights into another culture, and my mind was opened (4) _ new ways of (5) things The most wonderful result of having learned a foreign language was (6) _ I could communicate with many more people than before Talking with people is one of my favorite activities, so (7) _ able to speak a new language lets me meet new people, I speak a foreign language, (10) _ of staring into space (11) _ English is being spoken, I can participate and make friends I am able to reach out to others and bridge the gap (12) _ my language and culture and theirs These parks are wonderful playgrounds (1) _ millions (2) _ people visit (3) every year There (4) places where you can camp without charge or you can rent a room (5) _ a hotel You can take long walks (6) _ the forests, take boat trips, or climb mountains You are (7) allowed to hunt in the parks, so (8) _ are many wild animals You can (9) in the streams (10) most (11) the parks The park keepers sometimes go (12) the visitors on walks to tell them (13) the animals, plants, and mountains They also (14) _ programs and talks at the campgrounds and in the hotels so (15) people may leam all about the park and the things that are in it TEST Helicopters have one distinct difference (1) _ all other vehicles, it is (2) _ they can fly vertically Helicopters can fly (3) _ jungles and forests, hills and mountains, and they can take off or (4) _ almost everywhere Because of this, they have been especially (5) to explorers In the jungles of South America, helicopters have helped explores in looking (6) _ new places to drill oil wells They are used to bring in very heavy drilling equipment and anything that may be (7) _ Big helicopters can lift loads up to ten tons They can go anywhere and hover over a chosen spot This (8) _ helicopters excellent flying cranes Helicopters have rescued (9) _ from the seas and mountains As they get more efficient, they will be found to be more and (10) usefril TEST Teacher’s Day (1) _ on the first of September each year Generally, it is (2) _ for schoolchildren to show (3 ) appreciation to their teachers who (4 ) painstakingly guided them in their (5) It is a time to (6) _ the b experiences students may have (7) _ their teachers scolding and punishing them Students (8) _ their teachers flowers and gifts Such gestures are small in (9) _ to the teachers’ dedication and hard work Parties are held and there is an (10 ) _of fim and amusement in the schools TESTS Books are written to (1) _ knowledge and good books enrich the mind By putting (2) _ under the influence of superior mind, we improve our mental powers Through good (3) we ieam that people everywhere are the (4) , in all ages and in all classes This knowledge improves our love (5) _others and helps 108 us to live in peace with them We also (6) _ that the world was made not only for man (7) but for every creature that can feel hunger and (8) , warmth and cold Through it may be possible for us to travel (9) _ the world and see the things happening today, it is (10) _ possible for us to see the things that happened in the past But good books (11) _ us to see not only into the most remote regions of the world today but also the world in (12) _ our ancestors lived TEST Ask most people (1) _ is happening to the world’s population and they are likely to say it is exploding Ask them (2) there will be enough food next century and they will say no Ask them (3) _ the world’s energy supplies and they will say they are running (4) _ and we wdll all be sitting in the dark and cold next century Ask them what they think (5) _ raw materials and they will say we are using them up (6) _ a rate that will mean there are more (7) _ for our grandchildren These statements have two things (8) _ common lliey are too gloomy, if not about this centtiry then the next And they are all wrong Or so it is persuasively argued in a book (9) tries to chart our future (10) _ the next quarter century Most of the attention the book has received so far has concentrated (11) _ its forecasts for Britain and the prospect (12) _ five million unemployed “Mom, I’m fifteen I’m old ( 1) _ to wear makeup Believe me, all the girls at school wear makeup Some have tattoos and pierced ears, and noses and tongues, too Mom, I don’t have time to talk (2) _ this now - I’m late I’ve got to go See you later.” Sandy kissed her mother quickly on the (3) _ , picked (4) _ her books, and bolted out of the house As she (5) to catch the school bus, Sandy thought (6) _ her older brother Bill who was (7) _ at college He phoned her often so they could talk and (8) _ their problems but she hadn’t heard from him for a (9) _ She missed him Since Bill had gone to college, her mother bugged Sandy ( 10) _ more than before and she was arguing ( 11) _ her mother a lot m< re than ( 12) _ , too TESTS Be yourself Many how-to books ( 1) _ you to stride into a room and impress others with your (2) _ They instruct you to (3) _ them with “power handshakes” and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person If you follow all this advice, you’ll drive everyone crazy(4) _ yourself The trick is to be (5) you, at your best The most (6) people never change from one situation to another They’re the same whether they’re having a conversation, (7) _ their garden club or being interviewed for a job They (8) with their whole being; the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words Public speakers, however, often send mixed (9) _ My favorite is the kind who say, “Ladies and gentlemen I’m very happy to be here” - (10) looking at their shoes They don’t look happy They look angry, frightened or ( 11) • The audience always believe what they see over what they hear They think, “He’s telling me he’s happy, but he’s not He’s not being (12) .” TEST I now know he (1) _ in some things through me, his only son When I played ball (poorly), he “played’ too When I joined the (2) , he “joined” too And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office (3 ) _ me, he was really saying, “This is my son, but it is also me, and I could have done this, too, if things had been (4) _ those words were never said (5) _ He has been gone many years now, but I think of him often I (6) _ if he sensed my (7) to be seen with him during our walks If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how (8) _ I was, hov/ I regretted it I think of him when I (9) _ about trifles, when I am 111 envious of another’s good (10) , when I don’t have a “good heart” TEST 10 Freddy liked to go to the countryside to draw animals and plants One day, while (1) _ across a field, looking (2) _ rabbits to draw, he was so (3) in thought that he did not (4) _ a bull running towards him About a hundred metres (5) _ was a tree under (6) _ he usually sat to draw Suddenly, he heard a (7) _ noise behind him It was the bull! He knew that a bull could run much (8) _ than a man, but he also knew that a bull could not see very (9 ) and noticed only shape and movement To (10) _ the bull, he threw his bag away (11 ) _him The bull saw the sudden (12) and headed (13) _ the bag Freddy quickly climbed up the tree and watched the bull (14) _ his bag (15) _ the bull was satisfied and had gone away, he got down fi-om the tree and ran as fast as he could Everything in the bag was completely ruined TEST 11 I think most of us, at one time (1) _ another, have been to a circus (2) _ enjoyed the fim However, have you ever wondered (3) _ it is called ‘circus’ or what (4) _ it so entertaining? 112 ‘Circus’ comes (5) the words ‘Circus Maximus’ It (6) a vast circular stadium (7) _ originally, the ancient Romans held their chariot races and (8) _ feats of horsemanship Later, the stadium was used (9) _ a place for slaughtering human beings and animals Only much later, the place was (10) _ again by people to sing, juggle or (11) stories and jokes to entertain A circus is normally (12) in a large, colourful tent There (13) _ usually trapeze acts, animals performances and clown acts All these artistes (14) _ in a lot of effort; after all, clowning (15) or jumping from hoop to hoop is not something acquired naturally! TEST 12 The origins of the Olympic Games can be traced (1) _ to ancient Greece, to as (2) back as 776 B.C It was a Greek tradition to (3) _ athletic competitions every four days (4) _ honour of their gods or dead heroes There were also competitions to (5) _ their skills in music (6) poetry The prizes awarded to the (7) _ of each in those (8 ) _ were a crown of olive and a palm branch (9) this may seem meaningless in modem times, the true (10) _ lay in the honour of having won the event The winners were (11) as heroes in their hometowns; they were (12) _ places of honour on publicoccasions, hi some towns, they were even exempted (13) paying taxes The first modem Olympicswas in Athens in 1986 (14) ^then, nations fi'om around the world have been meeting (15) _ four years to compete (16) _ one another New Olympic records are (17 ) every time they meet The only (18) _ to this quadrennial event was in 1944, (19 ) the Olympic Games was not held (20) of the Second World War TEST 13 The country and the city have (1) and disadvantages People in the country live in more beautifiil (2 ) They enjoy peace and quiet, and can their work at their own pace because no one is in a (3 ) They live in larger, more comfortable houses, and their (4) are more fiiendly, and readyto help them when they need it their life can be (5) _and they can be isolated, a long way fi'om the nearest town, which is a serious problem if they are ill or (6) _ to take children to school The city has all the services the country lacks, but it also has a lot of (7) _ Cities are often ugly and (8) _ ; they not only have bad air but are also noisy Everyone is always in a (9) _ and this means that 114 people have no time to get to know each other and make ( 10) TEST 14 Isambard Kingdom Brunei was a famous nineteenth-century engineer He (1) _ bom in 1806 in Portsmouth, a seaport in the South of England In 1823, after studying (2) _ two years in Paris, he started (3) for his father, (4) was an engineer and inventor He had been bom near Rouen in France but in 1792 had left France for the USA and had later settled in England Both father and son were responsible for the design (5) _ construction of the first tunnel under the River Thames The digging of this tunnel was (6) _ in 1825 and completed twenty years later Today, it (7) part of the London Underground system Isambard Kingdom Brunei went (8) to design the Great Britain (1845), (9) _ was the first large ship to be built (10) _ iron instead of wood TEST 15 The country is more beautiful than a town and pleasant to live in Many people think so, and go to the country (1 ) _ the summer holidays though they cannot live (2 ) _ all the year round Some have a cottage built in a village (3) _ that they can go there whenever they can find the time English villagers are not all alike, but (4) _ some ways they are not very different from each other Almost every village has a church, the round or square tower of (5) _ can be seen for many miles around Surrounding the church is the churchyard, (6) _ people are buried The village green is a wide stretch of grass, and houses or cottages are (7) _ round it Country life is now fairly comfortable and many villages (8) _ water brought through pipes into each (9) _ Most villages are so close to some small towns that people can go there to buy (10) _ they can’t find in the village shops TEST 16 The Sahara is the world’s largest hot desert and the world’s second largest desert (1) _ Antarctica At over 9,000,000 square kilometres, it covers most parts of northern Afiica; an area (2) _ from the Red Sea, including parts of the Mediterranean coasts, to the outskirts of the Atlantic Ocean It is almost as (3) as the continental United States, and is larger than Australia The Sahara has an intermittent history that may go (4) _ as much as million years Some of the sand dunes can reach 180 meters (600 feet) in (5) _ People lived (6) _ the edge of the desert thousands of years ago since, immediately after the last ice age, the Sahara was a (7) _ wetter place than it is today Over 30,000 116 petroglyphs of river animals such as crocodiles (which still exist in parts of the desert) survive, with half (8) _ in the Tassili n’Ajjer in southeast Algeria Fossils of dinosaurs, including Afrovenator, Jobaria and Ouranosaurus, have also been found (9) _ The modem Sahara, though, is not as lush in vegetation, except in the Nile Valley, at a few oases, and in the northem highlands, where Mediterranean (10) _ as the olive tree are found to grow Some 2.5 million people live in the Sahara, most of these in Egypt, Mauritania, Morocco and Algeria TEST 17 People are not so honest as they once ( 1) _ They temptation to steal is greater than ever before - especially in large shops A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went (2) _ a large store on Monday mornings One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop (3) usual when the woman came in, so it (4 ) _ easier for the detective to watch her The woman firsat bought a few small articles After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses (5) the shop and handed it (6) _ an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as (7) _ Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop-assistant was her daughter The girl “gave” her (8) _ a fi-ee dress once a week! ... engineer (10 ) constructed a steam (11 ) Scotland (12 ) _ rich in coal and iron, so Glasgow (13 ) _ into a large city There are big (14 ) _ plants and (15 ) factories in the city TEST 12 ... They (10 ) ■ easily A fastener slides the hooks together When it along and (11 ) (12 ) the other way, it takes the hooks (13 ) Dr Sundback put the hooks on the strips of cloth The cloth (14 )... arrived (10 ) _ me He wasn’t sure whether he ought to (11 ) _ at the station or not He didn’t know how he (12 ) _ get in touch with me He (13 ) _ decided to leave a message (14 ) _