1. Trang chủ
  2. » Giáo án - Bài giảng

influence of reconstructed residential building on indoor climate

8 1 0

Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)

THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU

Nội dung

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 825 – 832 :RUOG0XOWLGLVFLSOLQDU\&LYLO(QJLQHHULQJ$UFKLWHFWXUH8UEDQ3ODQQLQJ6\PSRVLXP :0&$86 ,QIOXHQFHRI5HFRQVWUXFWHG5HVLGHQWLDO%XLOGLQJRQ,QGRRU&OLPDWH 0iULD%XGLDNRYiD  a Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Nám slobody 19, 812 45 Bratislava, Slovakia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‹7KH$XWKRUV3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU/WG © 2016 The Authors Published by Elsevier Ltd This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) 3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKHRUJDQL]LQJFRPPLWWHHRI:0&$86 Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of WMCAUS 2016 Keywords:UHFRQVWUXFWHGUHVLGHQWLDOEXLOGLQJDLUUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\YHQWLODWLRQLQIODWV   &RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HOID[ E-mail address:EXGLDNRYD#IDVWXEDVN 1877-7058 © 2016 The Authors Published by Elsevier Ltd This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of WMCAUS 2016 doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.721 826 Mária Budiaková / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 825 –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±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haracteristic of research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ethodology of research 4XHVWLRQQDLUHVXUYH\ZDVFDUULHGRXWDIWHUUHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIUHVLGHQWLDOEXLOGLQJEHWZHHQ H[WHUQDO DLUWHPSHUDWXUHZDVIURPWRƒ& ,QWKLVSHULRGWKHLPSDFWRIRXWVLGHDOOHUJHQVZDVVPDOO,QWRWKHUHVHDUFKZDV LQYROYHG PDMRULW\ RI GZHOOHUV  SHUVRQV $PRQJ WKHP ZHUH FKLOGUHQ VWXGHQWV ZRUNLQJ SHRSOH ZLWK YDULRXV HGXFDWLRQOHYHODQGSHQVLRQHUV3DUWVRITXHVWLRQVZHUHDLPHGDWHYDOXDWLRQRIKHDOWK±DOOHUJLFDQGUHVSLUDWRU\GLVHDVHV EHIRUHUHSODFHPHQWRIZLQGRZVDQGLQVXODWLRQRIEXLOGLQJDQGLQWLPHZKHUHTXHVWLRQQDLUHVXUYH\ZDVFDUULHGRXW 827 Mária Budiaková / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 825 – 832 2.3 Analysis and results of research )LJUHSUHVHQWVWKHUHVXOWVRIQXPEHURIDOODOOHUJLFGLVHDVHV>@±RQHSHUVRQFDQKDYHPRUHDOOHUJLHV±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ária Budiaková / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 825 –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ária Budiaková / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 825 – 832  )LJ1XPEHURIUHVSLUDWRU\GLVHDVHVDQGFKURQLFREVWUXFWLYHSXOPRQDU\GLVHDVHEHIRUHDQGDIWHUUHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIUHVLGHQWLDOEXLOGLQJ  )LJ3HUFHQWDJHLQFUHDVHRIUHVSLUDWRU\GLVHDVHVDQGFKURQLFREVWUXFWLYHSXOPRQDU\GLVHDVH 2.4 Discussion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ethodology of research 0HDVXUHPHQWVWRRNSODFHEHWZHHQLQEHGURRPVRIVHOHFWHGIODWVZKLFKZHUHLQKDELWHGE\WZR ZRUNLQJSHRSOH0HDVXULQJORJJHUUHFRUGHGH[WHUQDODQGLQWHUQDODLUWHPSHUDWXUHJOREHWHPSHUDWXUHDQGDLUUHODWLYH KXPLGLW\>@>@ 830 Mária Budiaková / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 825 – 832 ([WHUQDODLUWHPSHUDWXUHZDVLQUDQJHIURPWRƒ&DQGRSHUDWLYHWHPSHUDWXUHIURPWRƒ&7KHUHZHUH IRXQGRXWKLJKYDOXHVRIDLUUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\7KHQYHQWLODWLRQKDELWVRIGZHOOHUVZHUHH[DPLQHGLQH[DPLQHGIODWV )RUGZHOOHUVRIUHVLGHQWLDOEXLOGLQJVWKHWUDLQLQJWRRNSODFHRQDERXWDSSURSULDWHYHQWLODWLRQ$IWHUWZR DQGIRXUZHHNVWKHUHZHUHFDUULHGRXWPHDVXUHPHQWRIDLUUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\LQH[DPLQHGEHGURRPVDQGVXUYH\DERXW QDWXUDO YHQWLODWLRQ KDELWV >@ 5HVHDUFK FRQWLQXHG E\ WHVWLQJ RI PLFURYHQWLODWLQJ SRVLWLRQ RI ZLQGRZ LQ H[DPLQHG EHGURRPV/DVWSDUWRIUHVHDUFKEHWZHHQWRRNSODFHLQSHQVLRQHUV¶EHGURRPV 3.2 Analysis and results of research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ƒ&LQDYHUDJHLQWLPHSHULRGIURPWRKLQEHGURRPV,WUHSUHVHQWVWKHGHFUHDVHLQDYHUDJHLQWKDWWLPHDERXW ƒ&ZLWKZKDWWKHGZHOOHUVZHUHQRWVDWLVILHG2ULJLQDOILYHSRVLWLRQWKHUPRVWDWLFYDOYHVEHJDQWRZRUNRQO\DVWZR SRVLWLRQHG,QWKHIRXUWKSRVLWLRQWKHKHDWHUVZLWFKHGRIIDQGLQWKHILIWKSRVLWLRQLWEHJDQWRKHDW   )LJ9DOXHVRIDLUUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\LQWZRKRXUVLQWHUYDOVDIWHUWZRDQGIRXUZHHNV 831 Mária Budiaková / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 825 – 832 )RUGZHOOHUVRIUHVLGHQWLDOEXLOGLQJVWKHWUDLQLQJWRRNSODFHRQDERXWDSSURSULDWHYHQWLODWLRQ$IWHU WZRDQGIRXUZHHNVWKHUHZHUHFDUULHGRXWPHDVXUHPHQWRIDLUUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\LQH[DPLQHGEHGURRPVDQGVXUYH\ DERXWYHQWLODWLRQKDELWV([WHUQDODLUWHPSHUDWXUHZDVLQUDQJHIURPWRƒ&7KHRXWFRPHVDUHVKRZQLQ)LJ DQGLQ7DEOH 7DEOH3HUFHQWDJHSURSRUWLRQRIGZHOOHUVGHSHQGLQJRQQXPEHURIYHQWLODWLRQSHUGD\ 3HUFHQWDJHSURSRUWLRQRI GZHOOHUV>@ $IWHUWZRZHHNV $IWHUIRXUZHHNV 1R YHQWLODWLRQ   9HQWLODWLRQ RQFH   9HQWLODWLRQ WZLFH   9HQWLODWLRQ WLPHV   9HQWLODWLRQ WLPHV   9HQWLODWLRQ WLPHV    )URPWKHRXWFRPHVLWLVREYLRXVWKDWILUVWWZRZHHNVDIWHUWUDLQLQJYHQWLODWLRQGLVFLSOLQHLPSURYHGZKDWEURXJKW GHFUHDVHRIUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\EXWQRWVXIILFLHQWO\$IWHUIRXUZHHNV¶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¶EHGURRPVEHFDXVHWKH\VWD\HGDWKRPHDQG FRXOGPHHWWKUHHKRXUYHQWLODWLRQLQWHUYDO±K([WHUQDODLUWHPSHUDWXUHZDVLQUDQJHIURPWR ƒ&7KHRXWFRPHVDUHVKRZQDW)LJ   )LJ9DOXHVRIDLUUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\LQWZRKRXUVLQWHUYDOV 3.3 Discussion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ária Budiaková / Procedia Engineering 161 (2016) 825 – 832 &RQFOXVLRQV 7KHUHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIUHVLGHQWLDOEXLOGLQJLVHQRUPRXVO\SRVLWLYHWKLQJPDLQO\LQWHUPVRIHQHUJ\VDYLQJDQGLQ WHUPVRIDHVWKHWLFDOYDOXDWLRQRIIDFDGH1HJDWLYHDVSHFWRIWKHUHFRQVWUXFWLRQLVDVWKHUHVHDUFKVKRZHGWKHKLJK YDOXHVRIDLUUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\WKDWFRQWULEXWHWRHPHUJHQFHRIDOOHUJ\RQPRXOGVDQGPLWHVEXWPDLQO\WRVXSSRVHG DOOHUJ\RQ DLUUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\ )XUWKHUPRUH LW FDQEH VXSSRVHG WKDWKLJK DLU UHODWLYH KXPLGLW\ KDVSURSRUWLRQ LQ HPHUJHQFHRIUHVSLUDWRU\GLVHDVHVDQGFKURQLFREVWUXFWLYHSXOPRQDU\GLVHDVH±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iQKLGL/.DMWiU.RPIRUWHOPpOHW7KHRU\RI7KHUPDO&RPIRUW0XHJ\HWHPLNLDGy%XGDSHVWS >@6WDQGDUG671(1,62(UJRQRPLFVRIWKHWKHUPDOHQYLURQPHQW,QVWUXPHQWVIRUPHDVXULQJSK\VLFDOTXDQWLWLHV >@-(&KULVWLDQ+7UHFKVHO0RLVWXUH&RQWUROLQ%XLOGLQJV3KLODGHOSKLD3$$670S >@+0OOHU%XU]OHU$OOHUJ\3UDJPD3UDJXHS >@+:0DFQHH,6WHSKHQ0'5HQQDUG)DVW)DFWV&KURQLF2EVWUXFWLYH3XOPRQDU\'LVHDVH+HDOWK3UHVV/LPLWHG8QLWHG.LQJGRP S >@6WDQGDUG671(1,QGRRUHQYLURQPHQWDOLQSXWSDUDPHWHUVIRUGHVLJQDQGDVVHVVPHQWRIHQHUJ\SHUIRUPDQFHRIEXLOGLQJV DGGUHVVLQJLQGRRUDLUTXDOLW\WKHUPDOHQYLURQPHQWOLJKWLQJDQGDFRXVWLFV >@=0DJ\DU75pYDL:KDWLVWKH%HVW&ORWKLQJWR3UHYHQW+HDWDQG&ROG6WUHVV"±([SHULHQFHZLWK7KHUPDO0DQLNLQ:HVW,QGLDQ0HGLFDO -RXUQDOSS >@'(WKHULGJH1DWXUDO9HQWLODWLRQRI%XLOGLQJV-RKQ:LOH\ 6RQV8QLWHG.LQJGRPS

Ngày đăng: 04/12/2022, 14:54

TÀI LIỆU CÙNG NGƯỜI DÙNG

TÀI LIỆU LIÊN QUAN