(TIỂU LUẬN) ASSIGNMENT SIMPLE TENSE anyone who learns english needs to learn about the present tenses

1|Page HONG DUC UNIVERSITY Faculty Of Foreign Language ASSIGNMENT: SIMPLE TENSE Lecturer: Nguyễn Thanh Minh Subject: Advanced English Grammar MEMBERS OF GROUP: Hà Thị Kim Anh Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Tâm Nguyễn Phương Thúy Phạm Hà Huyền My Mai Thùy Dương Thanh Hóa, năm 2022 TABLE OF CONTENT 2|Page Part 1: Introduction Part 2: Development Overview of the present tenses Meaning of the present tenses Classification -> Usage: 3.1 Simple Tense 3.2 Present Continuous 3.3 Present Perfect 3.4 Present Perfect Continuous Part 3: Conclusion I INTRODUCTION 3|Page Nowadays speaking English is a key factor to become a successful person This means that English plays an important role in preparing people to become more versatile professionals Additionally, it allows them to communicate with people from around the world For example, in soccer games, the referee has to speak English in order to communicate with players from around the world Another example is that many of the world’s top films, books and music are published and produced in English Therefore by learning English one can have access to a great wealth of entertainment and will be able to have a greater cultural understanding Even though it is difficult to achieve a prefect pronunciation, it is important to understand the grammar structure of English This allow us to speak more clearly and to make ourselves understand Although learning English can be challenging and sometimes be very expensive, money is not wasted because one pays to learn something that will be a crucial part of one’s success Whether one lives in Latin America or in China, we should all learn English to have the opportunity of sharing experiences and even work with people from around the world To conclude, English allows us to enrich our knowledge of other cultures and to become successful people The English language is regarded as one of the most difficult languages to learn In order to learn English well and understand it deeply It is very difficult We can not only learn its basic rules of grammar but also study all of its aspects Grammar is often hard because it is a complex system of rules that govern how language should be used English grammar has many different parts in which the present tenses play a very important role The present tense makes your writing simpler, more direct, and more forceful The more you use conditional or future tense, the harder your audience has to work to understand your meaning Writing entirely in the present tense saves your audience work and helps make your point clearly The present 4|Page tenses is the basic knowledge to learn grammar, communicate or write sentences It has a very important role and is also very popular with English Anyone who learns English needs to learn about the present tenses So this is also the reason why my group decided to choose this topic II DEVELOPMENT 5|Page Overview of the present tense Definition of Present Tense The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines present tense as “the tense of a verb that expresses action or state in the present time and is used of what occurs or is true at the time of speaking and of what is habitual or characteristic or is always or necessarily true, that is sometimes used to refer to action in the past, and that is sometimes used for future events.” According to the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, the present tense is “the form of a verb that expresses an action that is happening now or at the time of speaking.” The Cambridge Dictionary defines present tense as “the form of the verb that is used to show what happens or exists now.” Meaning of the present tense What is the present tense? The present tense is a grammatical tense primarily used to discuss actions and events occurring at the present time However, these aren't its only functions The main functions of the present tense are: Describing actions and events which happen in the present - e.g I'm looking for my glasses, have you seen them? For reoccurring or habitual actions/events - e.g I normally go to the cafe on the river Connect past events with the present - e.g I've seen that film before Telling jokes or retelling events - e.g A man walks into a bar Talking about the future - e.g I'm seeing John next week Describing states - e.g I live in Mexico Let's look at a few examples in detail Classification 3.1 Simple Tense 3.1.1 Structural “TO BE” : Positive: S + are/is/am + N/adj Ex: They are Vietnamese Negative: S + are/is/am+not + N/adj Note: are not/is not=aren’t/isn’t Ex: I’m not a bad person 6|Page Question: a Yes/No question: Am/are/is + S + N/adj ? Ex: Are you a doctor? WH-question: WH-word + am/is/are + N/adj ? Ex: Who are you? b Regular verbs: Positive: S Ex: + do/does + V I go to work by car every day She usually gets up early Negative: + do/does + not + V S Ex: I not go to school by car She doesn’t work on Sunday Question: a b Yes/No question: Do/does + S + V ? Answer: Yes, S + do/does No, S + do/does + not Ex: Does she go to work by taxi? Do you like eating hotdogs? Wh-question: WH-word + do/does + V ? Ex: Where does he work? What you like doing in your free time? 7|Page (A Practical English Grammar pages 159 & Collector) 3.1.2 CHARACTERISTICS Remember that the verb is different after he, she and it Ex: She lives near hear It eats a lot of meal We don’t add -s to the main verb in questions and negatives Ex: Where does he work? Source: My Grammar Lab INTERMEDIATE B1/B2 page 78 3.1.3 USAGE We use the present simple for For facts (things that are always true) Ex: Water boils at 1000̊ C andfreezes at 00̊ C To describe opinions and ideas Ex: I think New York is exciting To describe likes and dislikes Ex: My grandfather likes the countryside I prefer the city To describe regular actions Ex: He works there once a month To describe habits Ex: Angelo is often late for work To describe routines Ex: Do you come to the studio every day? I go on holiday once a year Source: My Grammar Lab INTERMEDIATE B1/B2 page 78 3.1.4 SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE 8|Page Always (luôn luôn),usually (thường xuyên),often (thường xuyên),frequently (thường xuyên),sometimes (thỉnh thoảng),seldom (hiếm khi), rarely (hiếm khi) Every day, every week, every month, every year, every morning…(mỗi ngày, tuần, tháng, năm) Daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly (hàng ngày, hàng tuần, hàng tháng, hàng quý, hàng năm) Once/ twice/ three times/ four times… a day/ week/ month/ year,…… (một lần/ hai lần/ ba lần/ bốn lần …… ngày/ tuần/ tháng/ năm) Source: Collect 3.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS 3.2.1 STRUCTURAL Positive: S + am/are/is + V-ing -I am studying Math now - She is talking on the phone Negative: S + am/are/is + not + Ving - I am not cooking dinner He is not (isn’t) feeding his dogs Question: Yes/No question: Am/are/is + S + v-ing ? Ex: Are you taking a photo of me? -Is she cooking in the kitchen? b WH-question: WH-word + am/are/is + V-ing ? - 9|Page What are you doing? - What is he studying right now? (Source: A Practical English Grammar pages 153,154) - 3.2.2 CHARACTERISTICS The Present Continuous is one of the basic English tenses used to describe things that happen right at the moment we speak, or around the time of speaking, and the action has not ended (continues to happen) 3.2.3 USAGE We use the present continuous for: Describe an action that is taking place while speaking, or around the context of the time in which you are speaking Describes an unpleasant action, usually with the adverb "always" Describes a planned action Express an action that is certain to continue in the future Source: Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh trình độ A 3.2.4 SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE When in a sentence there are adverbs of time: In the context of communication there are words Source: Collect 3.3 PRESENT PERFECT 3.3.1 STRUCTURAL Positive (+): S + have/has + V-ed/PP Ex : I have done homework Negative (-): S + haven't/hasn't + V-ed/PP Ex : I have not done homework 10 | P a g e Interrogative (?): Have/Has + S + V-ed/PP ? Ex : Have you done homework ? How long + have/has + S + V-ed/PP ? Ex : How long have you done homework ? Từ để hỏi (question words): Question Words + have/has + S + V-ed/PP ? 3.3.2 CHARACTERISTICS We use the present perfect for actions or events that started in the past and are still happening in the present, or happened in the past and are still connected with the present - emphasizing the result of the action action or event that happened 3.3.3 USAGE This tense may be said to be a sort of mixture of present and past It always implies a strong connexion with the present and is chiefly used in conversations, letters, newspapers and television and radio reports (cre: A Practical English Grammar page 166) Describe an action that has been completed up to the present time without mentioning when the action happened Expressing an action that started in the past and is continuing in the present Expressing actions that have been done before and are still doing Use a clause with “since” to indicate when something started in the past Describe an experience up to the present time An action in the past but important at the time of speaking Describe an action or event that happened many times in the past (Sounce: anhngumisshoa) 3.3.4 SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE We often use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to the recent past: Recently,just,only just 11 | P a g e or adverbials which include the present: so far , until now , up to now,ever After a clause with the present perfect we often use a clause with since to show when something started in the past: We not use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to a finished past time: Yesterday,last week/month/year,in 2017 but we can use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to a time which is not yet finished: today,this week/month/year -For + a period of time -Since + a point in past time 3.4 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS 3.4.1 STRUCTURAL Positive (+) : S + have/has + been + V.ing + … Ex : I have been studying Negative (-) : S + have/has + not + been + V.ing + … Ex: I have not been studying Interrogative (?) : Have/has + S + been + V.ing + … Ex: Have you been studying in the library ? 3.4.2 CHARACTERISTICS In this sentence, using the present perfect continuous verb tense conveys that reading War and Peace is an activity that began sometime in the past and is not yet finished in the present (which is understandable in this case, given the length of Tolstoy’s weighty tome) 12 | P a g e Recently and lately are words that we often find with verbs in the present perfect continuous tenses Source: Grammarly.com 3.4.3 USAGE This tense is used for an action which began in the past and is still continuing or has only just finished: In addition, the verb want is often used in this tense, and wish is also possible: The present perfect continuous tense does not exist in the passive The nearest passive equivaient of a sentence such as Source: A Practical English Grammar page 173 3.4.4 SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE In sentences with adverbs of time: Now, Right now, At the moment, At present In the sentence, there are verbs that attract attention: Look, watch, Listen, Keep silent, Watch out, Look out III CLOSING 13 | P a g e We are beginning to see clearly that the present participle is a really very common grammatical construction, whether one remembers the name or not Most of the time it is said or written correctly, but it is the irregular verbs that cause the most confusion It's a bit easier to look at the present participle than the past or future participles because irregular verbs don't have many variations to recall here and one can rest assured that the general case applies to more irregular verbs… REFERENCES: 1.Wikipedia 2.Longman English Grammar 3.Web Grammar 4.My Grammar Lab INTERMEDIATE B1/B2 5.Grammar.com 6.Fighter Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh trình độ A 8.A Practical English Grammar 9.Anhngumisshoa 10.Toppr 11.British Council 12.Topicanative 13 Grammarly ... is the basic knowledge to learn grammar, communicate or write sentences It has a very important role and is also very popular with English Anyone who learns English needs to learn about the present. .. 2: Development Overview of the present tenses Meaning of the present tenses Classification -> Usage: 3.1 Simple Tense 3.2 Present Continuous 3.3 Present Perfect 3.4 Present Perfect Continuous... at the time of speaking.” The Cambridge Dictionary defines present tense as ? ?the form of the verb that is used to show what happens or exists now.” Meaning of the present tense What is the present